CN1314369C - Skull-maxillofacial planting system and corresponding surgical equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a craniomaxillofacial implant system and its matching surgical instruments, which are characterized in that it comprises: an implant, the root and neck of which have external threads respectively, the end of the root has a cutting cone, and the top of the implant has a positioning cone And a wrench table, the center of the wrench table has a threaded hole; a reinforcing plate, each extending end has a mounting hole, a tissue ring, and its lower part has a concave hole corresponding to the top of the implant wrench table. There is a ring of flanges above the concave hole; a tissue screw, which is connected in the threaded hole on the top of the implant, an abutment, the lower part of which has a concave hole, and a ring of flanges above the concave hole; , which passes through the flange of the abutment and is connected to the threaded hole on the top of the tissue-piercing screw, and a prefabricated rod, one end of which is welded in the inner hole of the abutment, and the other end is connected in the other abutment. The invention combines the implanted part and the implanted facial bone with fast growth, high operation success rate, good safety, wide application range, and greatly shortens the time from operation to official wearing of the artificial organ.

Description

Craniomaxillofacial Implant System and Its Supporting Surgical Instruments

technical field

The invention relates to a medical instrument, in particular to a craniomaxillofacial implant system and its matching surgical instruments.

Background technique

Cranio-maxillofacial implant is an implant surgery to repair and reconstruct craniofacial defects (such as ears, nose, teeth, upper and lower jaws, craniofacial organs) caused by congenital, accident, war injury and tumor. In addition to using conventional surgical instruments, a special implant system and surgical instruments used with the implant are also required. There are two types of implants in the prior art, one is the use of simple threaded implants, but because the support only depends on the implants, the stability is poor, and it takes a long time (6 months to 1 year) to wait after the operation. Put the artificial organ on, otherwise it will loosen and even cause the operation to fail. Another kind of planting device is to adopt a kind of quincunx-shaped reinforcing plate, a mounting hole is set at each protruding end of the reinforcing plate, fixed with bone screws, this connection can not form relatively firm osseointegration, and the reliability is poor.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a cranio-maxillofacial implant system and its matching surgical instruments, which are firm in combination, good in safety, wide in application range, and can be installed with artificial organs in a short time.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a craniomaxillofacial implant system, which at least includes two implant systems that are connected by a preformed rod and jointly support an implanted organ, and are characterized in that each implant system includes : an implant, its root and neck have external threads respectively, the end of the root has a cutting cone, the top of the implant has a positioning cone and a wrench, and the center of the wrench has a threaded hole; a reinforcement plate, each protruding end of which has a mounting hole, the center of the reinforcing plate has a threaded hole, the reinforcing plate is connected with the external thread of the implant neck through the threaded hole, and passes through the top of the implant The positioning cone is positioned, and the side of the reinforcing plate near the root of the implant is provided with a convex ring lying into the bone of the implant surface; a ring piercing the tissue, the lower part of which has a concave hole corresponding to the wrench table on the top of the implant, There is a ring of flange above the concave hole; a tissue-piercing screw, which passes through the flange of the tissue-piercing ring, is connected in the threaded hole on the top of the implant, and is positioned on the convex portion of the tissue-piercing ring. On the edge, the top of the tissue-piercing screw has a wrench table, and the center of the wrench table has a threaded hole; an abutment, the lower part of which has a concave hole corresponding to the tissue-piercing screw wrench table, in the There is a ring of flange above the concave hole; an abutment screw, which passes through the flange of the abutment, is connected in the threaded hole at the top of the penetrating screw, and is positioned on the flange of the abutment, The top of the abutment screw has a wrench hole; one end of the prefabricated rod supporting the implanted organ is welded in the abutment.

Each implant system also includes a healing cap. The top of the healing cap is a truncated cone with a wrench hole in the center of the top. The middle part of the healing cap is a cylinder with a diameter corresponding to the top of the tissue-piercing ring. The lower part of the healing cap is a threaded head connected to the threaded hole on the top of the tissue-piercing screw, and a circular groove is formed on the cylindrical end surface around the threaded head.

There are 3 to 8 protruding ends on the reinforcing plate.

The cross-sectional shape of the spanner table on the implant is one of square, hexagonal or octagonal.

The cross-sectional shape of the wrench platform on the tissue-piercing screw is one of square, hexagonal or octagonal.

The cross-sectional shape of the wrench hole on the abutment screw is one of square or hexagonal.

The cross-sectional shape of the wrench hole on the healing cap is one of square or hexagonal.

A surgical instrument matched with a craniomaxillofacial implant system, characterized in that it includes: a pilot drill, the lower part of which is a drill bit with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the root of the implant, and the middle part is a drill bit whose diameter is convex to the reinforcing plate. A drill bit with a corresponding ring diameter, its upper part is a positioning column, and its top is a chuck for connecting the drilling tool; a reinforcing plate locator, its lower part diameter is corresponding to the drill bit diameter of the lower part of the pilot drill, and the middle part has a The screw thread that connects with the threaded hole on the plate, its top is a positioning column that cooperates with the described reinforcing plate; A reinforcing plate protective cover, its lower part has the screw thread that is connected with the threaded hole on the described reinforcing plate, and its upper part is a positioning column that matches the described reinforcing plate The positioning column matched with the reinforcing plate, the center of the protective cover of the reinforcing plate has a central hole through which the reaming drill bit can pass.

The cross-sectional shape of the guide drill, the reinforcing plate positioner, and the positioning column in the reinforcing plate protective sleeve is one of circular, square or hexagonal.

Because the present invention adopts the above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1. The present invention combines the threaded implant in the prior art with a reinforcing plate with multiple protruding ends, and when the implant is implanted into the implanted bone, , put the convex ring of the reinforcement plate into the implant bone, which effectively increases the contact area between the implant system and the implant bone; at the same time, in the case of the main positioning of the implant, each protruding end of the reinforcement plate can be adjusted according to the implant bone. The shape of the implant can be bent and adjusted arbitrarily, so that the reinforcement plate fits closely with the implant surface, effectively improving the success rate of the operation. 2. The present invention can not only form a multi-point stable combination of the implant system and the implanted facial bone, effectively expand the scope of applicable diseases, but also significantly increase the combined growth speed of the implant and the implanted facial bone, and shorten the installation time after surgery. The time of artificial organs is unmatched by the existing technology. 3. According to the characteristics of the small diameter of the implant and the tissue-piercing screw, the top of the implant and the tissue-piercing screw is set as a wrench table in the shape of an outer square or an outer hexagon, and is set on the tissue-piercing ring, abutment and healing cap The concave hole or ring groove corresponding to the shape of each wrench table not only makes the processing and installation of rotating parts very convenient, but also makes the connection safe and reliable, avoiding damage to parts caused by overturning. 4. Since the present invention is equipped with a healing cap used during the operation, it can replace the abutment and fix it on the tissue-piercing ring at the beginning of the operation, and not only can wrap gauze between the cone of the healing cap and the implant surface conveniently The implant surface is protected, and the healing cap can be easily removed after the implant and the implant surface bone grow together, and the abutment and the prefabricated rod supporting the artificial organ can be replaced, and the effect is particularly good. 5. In combination with various improvements of the planting system, the present invention designs some special surgical instruments, which ensure the smooth implantation and surgical quality of the planting system of the present invention. 6. The guide drill of the present invention can simultaneously drill the guide hole for installing the implant and the horizontal entry hole for the convex ring of the reinforcement plate, thereby ensuring that the installation position of the root of the implant is concentric with the installation position of the convex ring of the reinforcement plate. 7. The reinforcement plate locator of the present invention can be screwed into the threaded hole in the center of the reinforcement plate, insert the lower part of the locator into the guide hole, position the convex ring of the reinforcement plate in the lying hole, and then drill out on the implanted bone in sequence Reinforce the mounting holes at each protruding end of the plate, and fix the reinforcing plate on the implanted bone through screws, and finally screw out the locator from the fixed reinforcing plate. The whole operation process is accurate and convenient. 8. The reinforcing plate protective cover of the present invention can be threaded into the threaded hole in the center of the reinforcing plate, and the reaming drill is passed through the central hole of the protective cover to ream the guide hole of the implant. In this process, due to the reinforcement The protection of the plate protection sleeve, so that the threaded hole in the center of the reinforcement plate will not be damaged. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low processing difficulty, fast growth combination of the implanted part and the implanted facial bone, compared with the previous technology, not only the success rate of the operation is improved, the safety is particularly good, but also the application range is wide, and the time from the operation to the official wearing of the artificial organ is greatly reduced. shorten.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of planting system of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of implant structure of the present invention

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a reinforced plate of the present invention

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the healing cap of the present invention

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide drill in the surgical instrument of the present invention

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the reinforcing plate positioner and the reinforcing plate in the surgical instrument of the present invention

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the reinforcing plate protective cover in the surgical instrument of the present invention

Detailed ways

As shown in FIG. 1 , the implant system of the present invention at least includes two implant systems that jointly support an organ to be implanted.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, each implant system of the present invention includes: an implant 1, the root 2 and the neck 3 of the implant 1 have external threads respectively, the end of the root 2 has a cutting cone 4, the implant 1 The top has a positioning cone 5 and a square, hexagonal or octagonal wrench stand 6, and the center of the wrench stand 6 has a threaded hole 7. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, a reinforcing plate 8, each extension 9 of the reinforcing plate 8 is provided with a mounting hole 10, the center of the reinforcing plate 8 has a threaded hole 11, and the reinforcing plate 8 passes through the threaded hole 11 on it It is connected to the external thread of the neck 3 of the implant 1 and positioned by the positioning cone 5 of the implant 1 . The reinforcing plate 8 is provided with a protruding ring 12 that can lie down into the implanted bone near the root 2 of the implant 1, and the protruding ring 12 can increase the bonding area between the implant system and the implanted bone and increase the stability of the planting. As shown in FIG. 1 , a tissue-piercing ring 13 has a concave hole 14 corresponding to the wrench platform 6 on the top of the implant 1 at its lower part, and a ring of flanges 15 above the concave hole 14 . A tissue-piercing screw 16 is passed through the flange 15 , connected in the threaded hole 7 at the top of the implant 1 , and positioned on the flange 15 of the tissue-piercing ring 13 . The top of the tissue-piercing screw 16 has a square or hexagonal or octagonal wrench stand 17, and the center of the wrench stand 17 has a threaded hole 18. A base 19 has a concave hole 20 corresponding to the wrench platform 17 at the top of the tissue-piercing screw 16 at its lower part, and a ring of flanges 21 above the concave hole 20 . An abutment screw 22 passes through the flange 21 and is connected to the threaded hole 18 on the top of the tissue-piercing screw 16, and is positioned on the flange 21. There is a square or hexagonal wrench hole 23 at the center of the top of the abutment screw 22. One end of a preformed rod 24 is welded in the abutment 19, and the other end of the preformed rod 24 can be in various shapes, and is welded with the abutment of another implant system to jointly support and connect the same planted artificial organ. According to the difference of the planting surface, the prefabricated rod supporting the organ to be planted has at least two ends, and may also have three or four ends. If there are more than two ends, that is, more than two planting systems are set, The structure of a planting system is basically the same as the form of the above-mentioned planting system.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, each implant system of the present invention should also include a healing cap 25, the top of the healing cap 25 is a cone 26, and the center of the top has a square or hexagonal wrench hole 27; The middle part of the cap 25 is a cylinder 28 whose diameter corresponds to the top of the tissue-piercing ring 13, and the bottom end of the cylinder 28 is used as the positioning end face of the tissue-piercing ring 13; The bottom surface of the cylinder 28 around the head 29 has a ring groove 30 so that when the healing cap 25 rotates, it will not touch the tissue-piercing screw 16 . The healing cap 25 is an intermediate link in the operation, that is, after the implant 1, the reinforcing plate 8, the tissue-piercing ring 13 and the tissue-piercing screw 16 are installed, the abutment 19 is not installed earlier, but the threaded head of the healing cap 25 is first 29 is screwed into the threaded hole 18 of the tissue-piercing screw 16. After the implant and the implanted face bone grow together, the healing cap 25 is removed, and the abutment 19, abutment screw 22 and prefabricated rod 24 etc. are installed.

In addition to using some conventional surgical instruments, the above-mentioned implant system of the present invention also needs some special surgical instruments corresponding to the shape of the implant of the present invention during the implant operation. Special surgical instrument of the present invention comprises:

As shown in Figure 5, a pilot drill 31, the lower part of the pilot drill 31 is a drill bit 32 whose diameter is much smaller than the root diameter of the implant 1, and the middle part of the pilot drill 31 is a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the convex ring 12 on the reinforcing plate 8 The drill bit 33, the top of the pilot drill 31 is a positioning post 34, and the top of the pilot drill 31 is a chuck 35 connected to the drilling tool.

As shown in FIG. 6 , a reinforcing plate positioner 36 , the diameter of the lower part 37 of the positioner 36 corresponds to the diameter of the drill bit 32 , and can be inserted into the pilot hole drilled by the drill bit 32 . The middle part 38 of the locator 36 has a section of thread that is connected with the threaded hole 11 at the center of the reinforcement plate 8, and the top of the locator 36 is a circular or square or hexagonal positioning post 39, and the lower end surface of the positioning post 39 can be positioned on the reinforcement. The top end face 40 of the plate 8 .

As shown in Figure 7, a reinforcing plate protective cover 41, the lower part of the protective cover 41 has a thread 42, the thread 42 can be connected to the threaded hole 11 in the center of the reinforcing plate 8, and the top of the protective cover 41 is a circular or square or hexagonal positioning Column 43, the lower end surface of the positioning column 43 can be positioned on the top end surface 40 of the reinforcing plate 8, and the center of the protective cover 41 has a central hole 44, and a reaming drill bit can be penetrated from the central hole 44.

The connection of the various components of the system of the present invention and the application of surgical instruments will be further described below in conjunction with the process of the implant surgery of the present invention, which should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The whole implant surgery process is roughly as follows:

1. Take out the implantation system of the present invention, as well as the conventional and special surgical instruments of the present invention, carry out conventional disinfection and anesthesia on the implantation surface, and open the implantation surface.

2. First use the pilot drill 31 to drill a hole on the bone of the planting surface. The drill bit 32 at the bottom of the pilot drill 31 drills a pilot hole with a small diameter. Lie down into the hole until the lower end surface of the positioning column 34 on the top of the pilot drill 31 is close to the implanted surface bone and cannot enter again, and the pilot drill 31 is taken out.

3. Screw the thread in the middle of the locator 36 into the threaded hole 11 in the center of the reinforcing plate 8 until the lower end surface of the positioning column 39 on the upper part of the locator 36 is pressed against the top end surface 40 of the reinforcing plate 8, insert and drill the lower part 37 of the locator 36 In the guide hole of the guide hole, the protruding ring 12 of the reinforcing plate 8 is inserted into the hole.

4. Adjust the position of each protruding end 9 of the reinforcing plate 8 to make it closer to the implanted bone, and then use a common drill to pass through the mounting hole 10 on the reinforcing plate 8, drill the mounting hole on the implanted bone, and fix it with screws .

5. Unscrew the locator 36 out of the installed reinforcing plate 8, and then screw the thread 42 on the lower part of the protective cover 41 into the threaded hole 11 in the center of the reinforcing plate 8 until the lower end surface of the positioning column 43 on the protective cover 41 is on the reinforcing plate 8 The end face 40 of the implant 1, and then insert a reaming drill slightly smaller in diameter than the root 2 of the implant 1 through the central hole 44 of the protective sleeve 41, and perform reaming operation on the pilot hole.

6. Unscrew the protective cover 41 out of the reinforcing plate 8, insert the root 2 of the implant 1 through the threaded hole 11 in the center of the reinforcing plate 8, insert it into the reamed hole, and turn the wrench table 6 on the top of the implant 1 with a wrench to make the implant 1 neck The external thread of the part 3 is connected with the threaded hole 11 of the reinforcing plate 8. At the same time, the external thread of the root 2 of the implant 1 enters the reaming hole by self-tapping through the cutting cone 4 at the end until the positioning cone 5 on the implant 1 is positioned. On the reinforcing plate 8, it cannot be rotated.

7. Set the concave hole 14 of the tissue-piercing ring 13 on the wrench table 6 that exposes the top of the reinforcing plate 8, pass the tissue-piercing screw 16 through the tissue-piercing ring 13, insert it into the threaded hole 7 at the top of the implant 1, and use a wrench to turn the threaded hole 7. The wrench table 17 on the top of the tissue screw 16 is screwed into the threaded hole 7 and positioned on the flange 15 in the tissue-piercing ring 13 until the tissue-piercing screw 16 is screwed into the threaded hole 7 .

8. Insert the threaded head 29 at the bottom of the healing cap 25 into the threaded hole 18 at the top of the tissue-piercing ring screw 16, insert a wrench into the wrench hole 27 of the healing cap 25, and rotate the healing cap 25 until the lower end surface of the cylinder 28 in the middle rests on the Pierce the top of tissue ring 13.

9. Suture the skin of the planting surface, and wrap gauze between the frustum 26 of each healing cap 25 and the skin of the planting surface and fix it.

Repeat the above operations to install the second, even the third, and the implant 1 of the fourth implant system, the reinforcing plate 8, the tissue-piercing ring 13, the tissue-piercing screw 16 and the healing cap 25 on the implant surface.

10. After a period of recuperation by the planted person, after the implant body 1 and the reinforcing plate 8 have grown together with the implanted facial bone, remove the gauze, take off the healing cap 25, and put the concave hole 20 of the abutment 19 on the tissue screw 16 Insert the abutment screw 22 into the threaded hole 18 of the tissue-piercing screw 16, and use the wrench inserted into the abutment screw 22 wrench hole 23 to screw the abutment screw 22 into the threaded hole 18 of the tissue-piercing screw 16 and positioned on the flange 21 inside the base 19.

11. Weld prefabricated rods 24 in the abutments 19 of various implant systems, and install artificial organs on the prefabricated rods 24 .

The above operation procedures 1-9 can be performed separately for each implant system, or the implant surface can be opened at one time, and several implant systems can be operated at the same time. Various operating modes should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of cranium jaw face implant system, it comprises two planting systems that play a quilt plantation organ by preformation bar connection and together support at least, it is characterized in that each planting system comprises:

One implantation body, its root and cervical region have external screw thread respectively, and described root end has cutting cone, and described implantation body top has a locating cone and a spanner platform, and the center of described spanner platform has a screwed hole;

One stiffener, its each external part has an installing hole, the center of described stiffener has a screwed hole, described stiffener is connected with described implant neck external screw thread by described screwed hole, and by the locating cone location at described implantation body top, described stiffener is provided with one near described implantation body root one side and crouches into the bulge loop of plantation facial bone;

One wears tissue ring, its underpart have one with the corresponding shrinkage pool of described implantation body top spanner platform, described shrinkage pool top has one and encloses flange;

One wears and organizes screw, it passes the described flange of wearing tissue ring, is connected in the screwed hole at described implantation body top, and is positioned at described wearing on the flange that tissue encircles, the described top of organizing screw of wearing has a spanner platform, and the center of described spanner platform has a screwed hole;

One base station, its underpart have one with the described shrinkage pool of organizing the screw wrench platform corresponding of wearing, above described shrinkage pool, have one the circle flange;

One base station screw, the flange that it passes described base station is connected described wearing in the screwed hole of organizing the screw top, and is positioned on the flange of described base station, and the top of described base station screw has a driving hole;

The described support by preformation bar one end of plantation organ is welded in the described base station.

2, cranium jaw face implant system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: each planting system also comprises a cover screw fixture cover, the top of described cover screw fixture cover is a frustum, and top center has a driving hole, described cover screw fixture cover middle part is one section diameter and the described corresponding cylinder in tissue ring top of wearing, the bottom of described cover screw fixture cover be one with the described thread head of organizing screw screw top hole to be connected of wearing, have a circle annular groove on the described cylinder end face around the described thread head.

3, cranium jaw face implant system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the external part on the described stiffener is 3～8.

4, cranium jaw face implant system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the external part on the described stiffener is 3～8.

5, as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described cranium jaw face implant systems, it is characterized in that: the cross sectional shape of described implantation body upper ejector lever platform is square, hexagon or a kind of in the shape from all directions.

6, as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described cranium jaw face implant systems, it is characterized in that: the described cross sectional shape of organizing screw upper ejector lever platform of wearing is square, hexagon or a kind of in the shape from all directions.

7, as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described cranium jaw face implant systems, it is characterized in that: the cross sectional shape of the driving hole on the described base station screw is a kind of in square or the hexagon.

8, as claim 2 or 4 described cranium jaw face implant systems, it is characterized in that: the cross sectional shape of the driving hole on the described cover screw fixture cover is a kind of in square or the hexagon.

9, a kind of and supporting operating theater instruments of cranium jaw face implant system is characterized in that it comprises:

One guiding is bored, and its underpart is the drill bit of a diameter less than described implantation body root diameter (RD), and its middle part is a diameter and the corresponding drill bit of described stiffener epirelief ring diameter, and its top is a reference column, and its top is the dop of a connection drilling tool;

One stiffener localizer, it is corresponding that its underpart diameter and described guiding are bored the bottom bit diameter, and its middle part has the screw thread that is connected with described stiffener upper screwed hole, and its top is a reference column that cooperates with described stiffener;

One stiffener protective sleeve, its underpart have the screw thread that is connected with described stiffener upper screwed hole, and its top is a reference column that cooperates with described stiffener, and described stiffener protective sleeve center has a centre bore that can supply reaming bit to pass.

10, the as claimed in claim 9 and supporting operating theater instruments of cranium jaw face implant system is characterized in that: the cross sectional shape of the reference column in described guiding brill, stiffener localizer, the stiffener protective sleeve is a kind of in circle or square or the hexagon.

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