CN1311896C - Circulating Multistage Ultrasonic Disperser - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a circulating multistage ultrasonic dispersion machine. The method comprises the steps of sequentially connecting multi-stage ultrasonic dispersion devices with different powers and different frequencies in series, continuously pumping mixed liquid in a liquid storage tank into an inlet of a first-stage ultrasonic dispersion device through a pump, sequentially feeding the mixed liquid dispersed by the first-stage ultrasonic dispersion device into a second-stage ultrasonic dispersion device and a third-stage ultrasonic dispersion device for dispersion by means of pressure provided by the pump, and circularly performing multi-stage ultrasonic dispersion until a preset dispersion requirement is met. The invention can crush the sludge in the fuel oil and homogenize completely, namely, the precision level determined by the precision level is achieved; because the high-efficiency circulating multistage ultrasonic dispersion machine is adopted, the energy consumption can be reduced; the equipment is miniaturized, the occupied area is small, and the maintenance is simple; the dispersion efficiency is extremely high.

Description

Circulating Multistage Ultrasonic Disperser

technical field

The invention relates to the dispersion field, in particular to a circulating multistage ultrasonic disperser.

Background technique

One phase is the state of particles, the system dispersed in other phases is called dispersion system, the particles are called dispersed matter or dispersed phase, and the other phases that become media are called dispersed media or continuous phases.

According to the size of the dispersed particles, the dispersion system can be divided into three categories:

(1) Macroscopic (coarse) dispersion system

(2) Colloidal dispersion system

(3) Molecular dispersion system

In the first dispersion system, the diameter of dispersed particles is above 0.1 μm.

Generally, the dispersed phase that constitutes the dispersion system includes gas, liquid, and solid, and the dispersion medium can also be gas, liquid, or solid. Among them, when the liquid phase is dispersed, the most is emulsion or called emulsion; when the corresponding solid phase is dispersed, the more common one is called suspension liquid; when the gas phase is dispersed and the particle diameter is less than 0.1 μm, it is called colloid. For foam colloid. In order to illustrate the various properties of fine particles, first study the relationship between the volume of the dispersed phase and the surface area. When the radius of the particle is a sphere r, its surface area is 4πr ² , and its volume is 4πr ³ /3, so the surface area of each cm ³ is 3/rcm ² , that is, for a sphere with a diameter of 1 μm or 0.1 μm, each cm ³ The net area is 6m ² or 60m ² respectively. Therefore, since the substance is refined and turned into particles, the surface area per unit volume becomes quite large, and when there is adsorption, dissolution or chemical reaction between two objects, they can play a huge role in promoting.

In the emulsion dispersion system that people are most exposed to, the two phases that form the emulsion are water and oil. There are two types of dispersion:

Oil drop type in water (referred to as O/W type);

Water drop type in oil (referred to as W/O type).

In fact, the most encountered is the O/W type. Belonging to this form are milk, ice cream, mayonnaise and salad juice in daily life. That is to say, milk or ice cream is a fine spherical dispersion of fat in the water phase; butter oil and margarine are examples of the W/O type. It is a series of fine spherical dispersions of water in the oil phase.

Such emulsions are an unstable series from a thermodynamic point of view. To maintain the emulsion state for a long time, it is necessary to add a stabilized substance, which is usually called an emulsifier. The stabilizing effect of the emulsifier is the result of substances being adsorbed on the surface of the particles; in the final analysis, it is to reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water. If ultrasonic dispersion is used, there is no need to use emulsifiers. In many cases, ultrasonic emulsification can obtain particles below 1 μm. The generation of this high-quality emulsion can be considered as the result of the strong cavitation of ultrasonic waves near the dispersing tool.

In the chemical, pharmaceutical, biological, dye, food, transportation, military and other fields, it is necessary to disperse solid particles, biological tissues, or two or more liquids in liquids. Traditional methods such as mechanical agitation, grinding, airflow pulverization, and smoke bombs are used to disperse, and there are five main problems:

(1) After dispersion, the particles are large, and the particle size is usually above 10 μm;

(2) The particles are uneven and the size dispersion range is large;

(3) Low dispersion efficiency;

(4) Large area;

(5) The production cost is high.

(6) The physical and chemical effects of the dispersed substances are not fully exerted.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circular multistage ultrasonic disperser with high efficiency, small crystal grains, homogenization, low cost and good performance.

The circulating multi-stage ultrasonic dispersing machine has the first-stage ultrasonic dispersing device, the first pipeline, the second-stage ultrasonic dispersing device, the second pipeline and the third-stage ultrasonic dispersing device connected in sequence. The entrance of the first-stage ultrasonic dispersing device passes through the The fifth pipeline, the pump and the fourth pipeline are connected to the liquid storage tank, and the third pipeline is connected to the liquid storage tank. The liquid storage tank is equipped with a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid outlet pipe, a valve and a filter. The first-stage ultrasonic dispersion device has The first dispersing container, the first dispersing container is provided with an inlet and outlet and a first lower flange, the first dispersing container is provided with an index-shaped horn, and a sealing ring is arranged between the first dispersing container and the index-shaped horn, The first lower flange is provided with a sound-reducing pad and the first upper flange, which are fixed with the third bolt, and the index-shaped horn is successively provided with the first vibrating body, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the first electrode sheet , the first insulating sleeve and the first reflection cover, and fixed with the first bolt, the second bolt and the first nut, the third-stage ultrasonic dispersion device has a second dispersion container, and the second dispersion container is provided with an inlet and a second bottom Flange, the second lower flange is provided with the second sound-reducing pad and the second upper flange, and fixed with bolts and nuts, the second dispersion container is provided with stepped horns, and the stepped horns are arranged in turn There is a second vibrating body, a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a second electrode sheet, a second insulating sleeve and a second reflector, and they are fixed with the fourth bolt, the fifth bolt, the sixth bolt and the second nut, and the second-stage ultrasonic The conical horn is used in the dispersing device, and the other structures of the second-stage ultrasonic dispersing device are the same as those of the first-stage ultrasonic dispersing device.

Advantages of the present invention:

(1) It can pulverize the sludge in the fuel oil and completely homogenize it, that is to say, it can reach the precision level set by the precision grade, which cannot be achieved by filters in the past;

(2) Due to the use of high-efficiency ultrasonic equipment, energy consumption can be reduced;

(3) This method is different from the previous centrifugal separator or filter device, because no waste is produced, so there is no loss of fuel oil, and the equipment for disposing of waste is not required when using it;

(4) The equipment is miniaturized, the floor area is small, and the maintenance is simple;

(5) The dispersion efficiency is extremely high.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawing is a structural schematic diagram of a circulating multi-stage ultrasonic disperser, in which: the first dispersion container 1, the first sound-reducing pad 2, the first lower flange 3, the first upper flange 4, and the exponentially shaped horn 5 , the first bolt 6, the second bolt 7, the first nut 8, the first reflector 9, the first insulating sleeve 10, the first electrode sheet 11, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 12, the first vibrating body 13, the third Bolt 14, gasket 15, sealing ring 16, first pipe 17, conical horn 18, second pipe 19, fourth bolt 20, second dispersion container 21, second lower flange 22, second upper method Blue plate 23, stepped horn 24, fifth bolt 25, sixth bolt 26, second nut 27, second reflector 28, second insulating sleeve 29, second electrode sheet 30, second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 31 , the second vibrating body 32, the second sound-absorbing pad 33, the third pipeline 34, the liquid inlet pipe 35, the liquid outlet pipe 36, the valve 37, the filter 38, the liquid storage tank 39, the fourth pipeline 40, the pump 41, the first five pipes42.

Detailed ways

The circulating multi-stage ultrasonic dispersion method uses multi-stage ultrasonic dispersion devices of different powers and frequencies in series in series, and the mixed liquid in the liquid storage tank is continuously pumped out by the pump and sent to the entrance of the first-stage ultrasonic dispersion device. The pressure provided by the pump sends the mixed liquid dispersed by the first-stage ultrasonic dispersing device to the second-stage ultrasonic dispersing device and the third-stage ultrasonic dispersing device for dispersing, and then repeats the multi-stage ultrasonic dispersion until the predetermined dispersion requirements are met. Just stop working scattered.

The invention converts the 220V, 50Hz alternating current into an ultrasonic frequency electrical oscillation signal, and the transducer converts the electrical oscillation signal output by the ultrasonic generator into an ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration; the horn amplifies the longitudinal vibration of the transducer and transmits it to the A tool in a liquid to disperse solid particles or biological tissues in a liquid.

The dispersion of ultrasonic waves in the liquid depends entirely on the cavitation of the liquid. However, if the acoustic wave intensity is lower than the cavitation threshold, or the cavitation is deliberately controlled, cavitation will not occur. In the final analysis, ultrasonic dispersion relies on the basic mechanism of this "cavitation".

The present invention proposes a circulating multi-stage ultrasonic dispersing machine, in which multiple sets of ultrasonic dispersing devices of different power and frequency are connected in series, and the mixed liquid in the liquid storage tank is continuously pumped out and sent to the first set of ultrasonic dispersing device through a pump At the entrance, depending on the pressure provided by the pump, the mixed liquid dispersed by the first set of ultrasonic dispersing device is sent to the second set, the third set...the ultrasonic dispersing device for dispersion, and the multi-stage ultrasonic dispersion is carried out in this way until it reaches the predetermined level. The scatter request stops the scatter work. The ultrasonic dispersing device is composed of ultrasonic generator, transducer, horn, tool and dispersing container. The ultrasonic generator converts the 220V, 50Hz alternating current into an ultrasonic frequency electrical oscillation signal, and the transducer converts the electrical oscillation signal output by the ultrasonic generator into an ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration; the horn amplifies the longitudinal vibration of the transducer and transmits it to the A tool in the liquid, so that the mixed liquid can be efficiently, quickly and finely dispersed. The sealing ring 16 is used for liquid sealing, preventing liquid from flowing into the horn and reducing the load on the horn.

As shown in the drawings, the circular multi-stage ultrasonic disperser has a first-stage ultrasonic dispersing device, a first pipeline 17, a second-stage ultrasonic dispersing device, a second pipeline 19 and a third-stage ultrasonic dispersing device connected in sequence. The inlet of the first-stage ultrasonic dispersing device is successively connected with the liquid storage tank 39 through the fifth pipeline 42, the pump 41 and the fourth pipeline 40, and the third pipeline 34 is connected with the liquid storage tank 39, and the liquid storage tank 39 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 35, Outlet pipe (36, valve 37 and filter 38, the first stage ultrasonic dispersing device has the first dispersing container 1, is provided with inlet and outlet and the first lower flange 3 on the first dispersing container, on the first dispersing container 1 An index-shaped horn 5 is provided, a sealing ring 16 is arranged between the first dispersing container and the index-shaped horn 5, a sound-reducing pad 2 and a first upper flange 4 are arranged on the first lower flange 3, and the The third bolt 14 is fixed, and the index-shaped horn 5 is provided with the first vibrating body 13, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 12, the first electrode sheet 11, the first insulating sleeve 10 and the first reflector 9 in sequence, and uses the first The bolt 6, the second bolt 7 and the first nut 8 are fixed, and the third-stage ultrasonic dispersing device has a second dispersing container 21, and the second dispersing container 21 is provided with an inlet and outlet and a second lower flange 22, and the second lowering method The second sound-reducing pad 33 and the second upper flange 23 are arranged on the blue plate 22, and are fixed with bolts and nuts. The second dispersion container 21 is provided with a stepped horn 24, and the stepped horn 24 is sequentially provided with a second Two vibration bodies 32, the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 31, the second electrode sheet 30, the second insulating sleeve 29 and the second reflector 28, and use the fourth bolt 20, the fifth bolt 25, the sixth bolt 26 and the second nut 27 is fixed, the conical horn 18 is adopted in the second-stage ultrasonic dispersing device, and other structures of the second-stage ultrasonic dispersing device are the same as the first-stage ultrasonic dispersing device.

The circulating three-stage ultrasonic dispersing machine is realized by ultrasonic dispersing devices with three powers and three frequencies, see Table 1.

                        Table 1 Parameters of Circulating Three-Stage Ultrasonic Disperser

grade number Power (W) Frequency (kHz) Amplitude (μm) Horn type Horn Material tool material 1 800 15 50 exponential Stainless steel Titanium alloy 2 600 20 30 conical Stainless steel Titanium alloy

3 500 25 twenty two Ladder Stainless steel Titanium alloy

The liquid of two or more components enters the liquid storage tank from the liquid inlet, and after being mixed, it is pumped out and sent to the entrance of the first-stage ultrasonic pulverization device of the ultrasonic dispersing device, and the dispersed liquid is sent to the second stage, The third-stage ultrasonic dispersing device disperses and circulates like this for several times until the predetermined dispersion requirements are met before stopping. Open the valve so that the liquid that meets the dispersion requirements flows out after being filtered through the pipeline, valve and filter.

The paraffin wax is dispersed in water by a circulating three-stage ultrasonic disperser without emulsifiers. The parameters of the ultrasonic disperser are shown in Table 1. The dispersion time is 3.5 minutes, the diameter of the dispersed particles is 0.3-0.4 μm, and the particle distribution is uniform, and the dispersed particles are stable.

Circulating multi-stage ultrasonic dispersing machine can be widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, biological, food, paint, textile, automobile, aircraft, ships and other fields and products.

Claims (1)

1. a circulating multistage ultrasonic disperser is characterized in that it has the first-stage ultrasonic dispersing device, the first pipeline (17), the second-stage ultrasonic dispersing device, the second pipeline (19) and the first-level ultrasonic dispersing device connected successively. Three-stage ultrasonic dispersing device, the inlet of the first-stage ultrasonic dispersing device is connected to the liquid storage tank (39) through the fifth pipeline (42), the pump (41) and the fourth pipeline (40) successively, and the third pipeline (34) is connected to the liquid storage tank (39). The liquid storage tank (39) is connected, and the liquid storage tank (39) is provided with a liquid inlet pipe (35), a liquid outlet pipe (36), a valve (37) and a filter (38), and the first-stage ultrasonic dispersion device has a second A dispersing container (1), the first dispersing container is provided with inlet and outlet and the first lower flange (3), the first dispersing container (1) is provided with an index-shaped horn (5), the first dispersing container and A sealing ring (16) is provided between the exponentially shaped horns (5), a sound-reducing pad (2) and a first upper flange (4) are provided on the first lower flange (3), and the third bolt (14) fixed, the index-shaped horn (5) is provided with the first vibrating body (13), the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet (12), the first electrode sheet (11), the first insulating sleeve (10) and The first reflection cover (9), and fixes with the first bolt (6), the second bolt (7) and the first nut (8), the third stage ultrasonic dispersion device has the second dispersion container (21), the second dispersion container (21) is provided with an inlet and outlet and a second lower flange (22), and the second lower flange (22) is provided with a second sound-reducing pad (33) and a second upper flange (23), And fix it with bolts and nuts, the second dispersion container (21) is provided with a stepped horn (24), and the stepped horn (24) is successively provided with a second vibrating body (32), a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet (31 ), the second electrode piece (30), the second insulating sleeve (29) and the second reflector (28), and use the fourth bolt (20), the fifth bolt (25), the sixth bolt (26) and the second Nut (27) is fixed, adopts conical horn (18) in the second-stage ultrasonic dispersion device, and other structures of the second-stage ultrasonic dispersion device are identical with the first-stage ultrasonic dispersion device.