CN1311666C - Method for realizing route mechanism based on UPNP protocal radio network - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for implementing a wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol in the present invention requires each wireless network device to have a routing function, so that routing information subscription, new device online, old device offline, UPNP control instructions and external information routing transmission can be realized and routing table generation mechanism. The network device applying the method for implementing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol of the present invention has a device routing information table and a target device parameter information table. The method of the invention can solve the communication between multiple long-distance wireless devices without setting up wireless relay and routing devices, so the device cost is correspondingly low. Moreover, resource sharing between wireless devices can be fully realized, and the practicality of the wireless network and the effectiveness of information exchange can be improved.

Description

Method for realizing wireless network routing mechanism based on UPNP protocol

technical field

The invention relates to a method for realizing a wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol, in particular to realize information transmission between all devices in the wireless network system without special routing devices.

Background technique

Most of the existing network construction is still the traditional cable connection method, and the complicated connection limits the mobile office use of equipment. Cables restrict various information devices to a fixed place, and it is difficult for new mobile office devices to take advantage of their own advantages of convenient movement and fast functions. Wireless networks have also become the dominant direction of the development of existing network technologies.

With the development of various wireless network technologies, especially the use of the 802.11 protocol, the existing wireless network has the characteristics of convenient installation, flexible use, and easy expansion, but the existing wireless network also has the following disadvantages, that is, the application of the 802.11 protocol The transmission distance of the wireless network is limited, and it can only communicate in one wireless local area network. To solve the communication between multiple long-distance wireless devices, it usually needs to set up multiple wireless transfer and routing devices in the network, so the cost of system equipment is correspondingly increased.

At present, in order to realize the interconnection and resource sharing of wireless devices, UPnP protocol technology is also used to realize automatic discovery of other UPnP protocol-based devices, but the main performance is to realize basic device discovery and communication, and the prerequisite is the need for direct connection between network devices. Communication, or need to configure hardware routing equipment to achieve.

Contents of the invention

The method for realizing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol described in the present invention can solve the above-mentioned problems and deficiencies and realize the routing selection between each wireless device, so that even if there is no routing device to participate in, or between devices that cannot realize direct communication The intelligent interconnection and resource sharing among network devices can also be realized through the routing method described in the present invention.

The method for realizing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol of the present invention aims at the current situation that the interconnection between network devices based on the UPNP protocol must realize physical layer connection and does not support the network routing function. The method described in the present invention is suitable for a temporary network system without network routers and servers, but requires each device based on the UPNP protocol to have a routing function, so as to realize the connection and communication of devices beyond the effective wireless distance of the device itself.

The method for implementing a wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol in the present invention requires each wireless network device to have a routing function, so that routing information subscription, new device online, old device offline, UPNP control instructions and external information routing transmission can be realized and routing table generation mechanism.

The network device applying the method for implementing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol of the present invention has a device routing information table and a target device parameter information table.

A source device is a device that initiates data communication. Each device in the wireless network of the present invention is a source device. Each source device with a routing function has a device routing information table, and its format is: target device+transfer Connected device + routing path + routing times.

Each routing device also contains a target device parameter information table. After the device enters the network, all target device information is obtained, and the information is added to the target device parameter information table. The format is: target device code + target device IP address +Target Device Properties+Target Device Description.

Realization of the present invention is based on the method of UPNP agreement wireless network routing mechanism, is after a source device enters the network, generates or updates device routing information table, target device parameter information table file according to following process:

The first step, the IP address assignment of the wireless device;

The second step is to determine the routing information table of the new device;

The third step is to update the routing information table of the existing equipment;

The fourth step is the offline notification of the wireless device;

If a device suddenly loses power, it cannot notify other devices of the offline information according to the content of the fourth step. The exit mechanism described in the fourth step above is invalid. After the network system is initialized, the following steps will be adopted run;

The fifth step is the regular query mechanism;

In the method for implementing a wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol described in the present invention, on the basis of the above-mentioned generated or updated device routing information table and target device parameter information table, data transmission and information feedback can be performed between the source device and the target device.

1. The process of sending data from the source device to the target device is:

The source device determines the best path and the transfer device through the device routing information table, and sends the data packet to the transfer device;

The transfer device parses the data packet, obtains the number of forwarding times and the address of the target device, adds 1 to the number of forwarding times, and reconstructs the data packet;

Query the device routing information table of this device, obtain the best path to the target device and the next transfer device, and resend the data packet;

And so on until reaching the target device;

If the number of forwarding times is greater than 54, it proves that the data packet is in an endless loop state in the network. At this time, the routing device discards the data packet and sends an error message to the source device.

2. The process of receiving data by the target device is:

After the device receives the data, it judges whether the IP address in the routing data packet is the IP address of the device;

If so, stop forwarding and process the data;

If not, continue forwarding.

Wherein, the format of the received data packet is: packet header + source device IP address + target device IP address + data body + forwarding times + checksum + packet tail.

As mentioned above, the method for realizing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol of the present invention can solve the communication between multiple long-distance wireless devices without setting up wireless relay and routing devices, so the device cost is correspondingly low. Moreover, resource sharing between wireless devices can be fully realized, and the practicality of the wireless network and the effectiveness of information exchange can be improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the format of a routing data packet;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of network transmission with A as the source device;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of network transmission with B as the source device;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of network transmission with C as the source device;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of network transmission with D as the source device;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of network transmission with E as the source device;

Figure 7 is the equipment off-line workflow;

Fig. 8 is a flow chart of the system startup process;

Fig. 9 is a flow chart of generating and updating the routing table.

Detailed ways

The method for realizing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol in the present invention requires each wireless network device to have a routing function.

The network equipment applying the method for implementing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol of the present invention has a equipment routing information table and a target equipment parameter information table.

A source device is a device that initiates data communication. Each device in the wireless network of the present invention is a source device. Each source device with a routing function has a device routing information table, and its format is: target device+transfer Connected device + routing path + routing times.

Target device, which indicates all the device codes that can be reached through the routing function in the network. The source device establishes a connection with the target device through the routing path, and realizes information communication;

Transition device means that the source device sends information to the target device through multiple routing devices. The device that first communicates with the source device in the routing path is defined as the transfer device.

The routing path defines all the paths from the source device to the target device. Through the routing path, the source device can choose the optimal path for network communication. However, when the source device sends information to the target device, it is not necessarily required to transmit information according to the optimal path of the source device, but to determine the transfer device by selecting the optimal path.

The number of routes indicates the number of routes that need to be transferred from the source device to the target device. Among them, 1 time indicates that it can be reached directly, and multiple times indicates that it must be reached through a routing device.

Each routing device contains a target device parameter information table. After the device enters the network, all target device information is obtained, and the information is added to the target device parameter information table. The format is: target device code + target device IP address + Target device attribute + target device description, where

Target device code, represented by serial number;

The IP address of the target device is the actual network IP address of the device;

The target device attribute, identifying whether it is a fixed device or a mobile device;

Description of the target device, the necessary description of the device based on the UPNP protocol.

As shown in Figure 1, the format of the routing data packet is: packet header + source device IP address + target device IP address + data body + forwarding times + checksum + packet tail, where:

The packet header is the symbol of the routing data packet. After the routing device obtains the data packet, it can be known as the routing data packet by judging the packet header, and its symbols are FB and FE;

The IP address of the source device is the IP address of the device sending the data;

The IP address of the target device is the IP address of the device that finally receives the data;

Data text, which can be a UPNP protocol command or an externally transmitted data stream;

The number of forwarding times is the number of forwarding times of routing data packets;

The checksum, in hexadecimal, occupies 2 bytes, and the calculation method is the IP address of the source device + the IP address of the target device + the data body + the number of forwarding times, and the overflow is filled;

The end of the packet is the end mark of the data packet, and its mark is FC.

The method for realizing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol described in the present invention determines its own "device routing information table" by each device after the wireless network is started, including:

1. Determination of the target device

When the source device enters the wireless network, it will obtain all the devices in the network according to the road mechanism, and determine it as the target device.

2. Determination of routing path

If two wireless devices can communicate directly, there is no need for routing device support, and the routing path is directly from the source device to the target device; if it cannot be reached directly, the routing path needs to be determined. There can be multiple routing paths for devices, but they must be satisfied.

There cannot be duplicate devices in each routing path;

Every two transfer routing devices can communicate directly, so there is no need for third-party device transfer.

3. Determination of transfer equipment

The first routing device of each path is the transfer device

4. Determination of routing times

The routing times can be calculated according to the routing path.

As shown in Figure 2-6, it is set that there are five devices with UPNP routing protocol A, B, C, D, and E in the wireless local area network. Due to the limited wireless transmission distance, direct communication can be realized between the following devices:

A-B, B-C, C-D, E-A, E-B, E-C

The communication between other devices requires the help of the routing function. After 5 devices are connected to the network, they update their routing lists according to other devices.

As shown in Figure 2, it is a schematic diagram of network transmission with A as the source device, and the device routing information table of A device is shown in the following table:

target device Transition equipment routing path Number of routes B B A->B 1 (no routing support required) C B A->B, B->C 2 E A->E, E-C 2 D. B A->B, B->C, C->D 3 E A->E, E->C, C->D 3 E E A->E 1 (no routing support required)

As shown in Figure 3, it is a schematic diagram of network transmission with B as the source device, and the device routing information table of B device is shown in the following table: target device Transition equipment routing process Routing times A A B -> A 1 C C B->C 2 D. C B->C, C->D 2 E. E. B->E 1

As shown in Figure 4, it is a schematic diagram of network transmission with C as the source device, and the device routing information table of C device is shown in the following table: target device Transition equipment routing process Routing times A B C->B, B->A 2 E. C->E, E->A 2 B B C->B 1 D. D. C->D 1 E. E. C->E 1

As shown in Figure 5, it is a schematic diagram of network transmission with D as the source device, and the device routing information table of D device is shown in the following table: target device Transition equipment routing process Routing times A C D->C, C->B, B->A 3 C D->C, C->E, E->A 3 B C D->C, C->B 2 C C D->C 1 E. C D->C, C->E 2

As shown in Figure 6, it is a schematic diagram of network transmission with E as the source device, and the device routing information table of E device is shown in the following table: target device Transition equipment routing process Routing times A A E->A 1 B B E->B 1 C C E->C 1 D. C E->C, C->D 2

The method for realizing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol of the present invention is to generate or update the device routing information table and target device parameter information table files according to the following process after a source device enters the network.

The first step, the IP address assignment of the wireless device;

Users can set their own IP address in advance; if not set, the IP address will be automatically generated as shown in Figure 8;

After the wireless network device is turned on and enters the network, the power-on hardware detects whether to use wired or wireless connection and configure it (701);

Perform system initialization (702);

Initialization (703) of the UPNP protocol stack, the root device registration of the protocol stack;

Judging whether there is a DHCP server (704);

According to the DHCP protocol, apply for an IP address (705) to the DHCP server, the server distributes and sends the IP address, and the wireless device obtains the IP address (407);

If there is no DHCP server, automatic network registration and information subscription are performed according to the UPNP protocol (706).

The second step, the determination of the routing information table of the new equipment, as shown in Figure 9;

Before the device enters the network, the device routing information table and the target device parameter information table are empty;

After entering the network, according to the UPNP protocol, it publishes its own information to the network in the form of broadcast. The information includes: the IP address of the device, the attributes of the device (whether it is a wireless or wired device), and the description of the device.

After other devices get the broadcast information, update their own device routing information table, record the IP address of the device, set the device as a transfer device, and the routing path is direct arrival (routing number is 1), etc.; at the same time, it feeds back information to the broadcasting device , the information includes: properties and description of the receiving device.

The device that publishes the broadcast information updates its own device routing information table and target device parameter information table according to the returned information.

The aforementioned device that publishes the broadcast information issues a command, subscribes to the device routing information table of the feedback information device, and the attributes of the target device; the device routing information table of these target devices includes devices that the source device cannot directly communicate with;

The subscribed device returns the device routing information table and its device attributes. The feedback content includes: the IP address of the target device, the routing process, the number of routes, the attributes of the target device, and the description of the target device;

The source device updates its own device routing information table and target device parameter information table again, and determines the routing device that has established direct communication as the transfer device to determine the routing path;

The third step is to update the routing information table of the existing equipment;

In the existing local area network, if a new device joins, all existing devices in the local area network must update their device routing information table to add the routing information of the new device, that is

The new device directly notifies the existing device that can communicate directly, the existing device adds the target device and sets the device as a transfer device, the routing path is direct arrival, and the routing number is 1;

The routing device notifies that the new device is online. After the device receives the new device online notification and updates its own device routing information table, it sends new device information to all related target devices (excluding new devices) according to its own routing information table, including: New device information, as well as the routing path and routing times between the routing device and the target device;

For example: In the example above, when a new device D goes online, first, device D notifies and publishes information with device C that can communicate directly → device C determines device D as the target device, updates the device routing information table, and immediately becomes Routing device→C sends D device information to target devices A, B, E, the information includes: D device information, and the routing path from routing device C to target devices A, B, E→A, B, E devices receive the routing device After C information, update its own device routing information table, add target device D, and convert the device to be the last routing device that sends the data packet to the target device.

Taking the target device A as an example, further explain the update of the device routing information table of device A. Routing device C obtains the routing path from C to A according to its device routing information table → calculates the routing path: the routing path in the data packet + A device → If there are multiple routing paths, determine multiple routing tables, such as: target device: D; transfer device: B; routing path: A->B B->C C->D; routing times: 2 +1=3 times;

The fourth step is the offline notification of the wireless device;

As shown in Figure 7, if a wireless device wants to go offline, it will send a device offline notification to all target devices according to its device routing information table. The format of the offline notification packet is: header + source device IP address + target device IP Address+offline notification+forwarding times+checksum+packet tail,

Among them, the offline notification is a byte with a value of 1;

After the target device receives the notification, it will update the routing list, delete the wireless device, and delete all routing paths related to the device;

The source device waits for the return information from all target devices. The format of the return information packet is: header + IP address of the source device + IP address of the target device + feedback information + forwarding times + checksum + tail of the packet,

Among them, the feedback data is one byte, the confirmation is "1", and the error is "0";

If the data of the feedback information is 0, indicating an error, the source device resends the offline notification packet, and the number of resends is no more than 3 times;

Finally, the device ends and exits.

The fifth step is the regular query mechanism;

If a device suddenly loses power, the offline information cannot be notified to other devices according to the content of the fourth step. The exit mechanism described in the fourth step is invalid. The method of the network routing mechanism adopts the regular query mechanism as described in the fifth step above since the system is initialized;

Each device sends query information to all target devices every 10 minutes according to its own device routing information table; if there is feedback, it proves that the target device is working normally; the status query packet format is: header + source device IP address + Target device IP address + status query + forwarding times + checksum + packet tail, where the status query data occupies one byte, the value is 1 or 0, "1" is correct, and "0" is error;

If after sending 3 times, the query still has no feedback, it proves that the device has been powered off, then delete the device in the device routing information table and target device parameter information table, and delete all routing paths related to the device;

In the method for implementing a wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol described in the present invention, on the basis of the above-mentioned generated or updated device routing information table and target device parameter information table, data transmission and information feedback can be performed between the source device and the target device.

The following transfer process parameters need to be determined:

1. Selection of the target device;

After the code name of the target device is determined, the IP address and device description of the target device are obtained according to the target device parameter information table to provide information for routing datagram construction.

2. The structure of routing data packets;

The specific transmitted data is stored in the routing data packet and sent; the generation rule of the routing data packet is that when the device uses the routing mechanism to send information, the wireless network uses the TCP/IP protocol to realize the network transmission of data; the routing data packet is a TCP/IP packet , the destination IP address in the TCP/IP packet is set to the IP address of the transfer device of the source device.

3. Determination of the best path;

According to the code name of the target device, query the device routing information table of the source device. The algorithm for selecting the best path is:

Prioritize the path with the least number of routes;

For the same number of routes, when detecting whether the routing device is a mobile device or a fixed device, the mobile device will be decremented by 1; the fixed device will be added by 1. Finally, choose the one with the largest data as the routing path;

If the data is still the same, then detect the wireless network bandwidth of the routing device passing through, compare the lowest bandwidth of the routing device of the two paths, and select a path with higher bandwidth first;

If they are still the same, they are randomly selected by the sending device.

4. Determination of the final switching equipment;

The source device sends information to the target device. If it cannot be reached directly, it needs to be forwarded by the routing device; the source device first sends the data packet to the transfer device. The source device does not specify the next transfer device, so the previous transfer device is required. The connecting device is determined according to the rules;

The selection rules for transfer devices are as follows:

For connections arriving directly, the destination device is the transit device;

If there is only one switching device, use it directly;

If there are multiple switching devices, it is necessary to select the best routing process according to the rules, and the switching device of the best routing process is the optimal switching device.

In the method for realizing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol described in the present invention, the flow process for the source device to send data to the target device is:

The source device determines the best path and the transfer device through the device routing information table, and sends the data packet to the transfer device;

The transfer device parses the data packet, obtains the number of forwarding times and the address of the target device, adds 1 to the number of forwarding times, and reconstructs the data packet;

Query the device routing information table of this device, obtain the best path to the target device and the next transfer device, and resend the data packet;

And so on until reaching the target device;

If the number of forwarding times is greater than 54, it proves that the data packet is in an endless loop state in the network. At this time, the routing device discards the data packet and sends an error message to the source device.

In the method for realizing the wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol of the present invention, the flow process of the target device receiving data is: the format of the routing data packet is as shown in Figure 1,

After the device receives the data, it judges whether the IP address in the routing data packet is the IP address of the device;

If so, stop forwarding and process the data;

If not, continue forwarding.

Claims (8)

1. A method for realizing a wireless network routing mechanism based on the UPNP protocol, characterized in that: the method is that each wireless device in the network system generates or updates the device routing information table and the target device parameter information table On the basis of data transmission and information feedback between the source device and the target device; The process of sending data from the source device to the target device is that the source device determines the best path and the transfer device through the device routing information table, and sends the data packet to the transfer device; The transfer device parses the data packet, obtains the number of forwarding times and the address of the target device, adds 1 to the number of forwarding times, and reconstructs the data packet; Querying the device routing information table of the source device for data transmission, obtaining the best path to the target device and the next transfer device, and resending the data packet; And so on until reaching the target device; If the number of forwarding times is greater than 54, it proves that the data packet is in an endless loop state in the network. At this time, the routing device discards the data packet and sends an error message to the source device; The process of receiving data by the target device is that after the device receives the data, it judges whether the IP address in the routing data packet is the IP address of the device; If so, stop forwarding and process the data; If not, continue forwarding. 2. The method for realizing a wireless network routing mechanism based on UPNP protocol according to claim 1, characterized in that: the format of the data packet sent and received between the source device and the target device is: packet header+source device IP address+target Device IP address + data body + forwarding times + checksum + packet tail. 3. The method for realizing a wireless network routing mechanism based on UPNP protocol according to claim 2, characterized in that: the format of the device routing information table is: target device+transfer device+routing path+routing times; The format of the target device parameter information table is: target device code + target device IP address + target device attribute + target device description. 4. The method for realizing a wireless network routing mechanism based on UPNP protocol according to claim 3, characterized in that: after said source device enters the network, the device routing information table and target device parameter information are generated or updated according to the following process surface, The first step is the allocation of IP addresses for new devices entering the network; The second step, the generation of the device routing information table and the target device parameter information table of the device newly entering the network; Before entering the network, the device's routing information table and target device parameter information table are empty; After entering the network, according to the UPNP protocol, it publishes its own information to the network in the form of broadcast; After other devices get the broadcast information, update their own device routing information table, record the IP address of the device, set the device as a transfer device, and the routing path is direct arrival; at the same time, it feeds back information to the device that released the broadcast; The device that publishes the broadcast information updates its own device routing information table and target device parameter information table according to the feedback information; The device that publishes the broadcast information issues commands, the device routing information table of the device that subscribes to the feedback information, and the attributes of the target device; The subscribed device returns the device routing information table and its device attributes; The source device updates its own device routing information table and target device parameter information table again, and determines the routing device that has established direct communication as the forwarding device to determine the routing path; The third step is to update the device routing information table and the target device parameter information table of the existing device; Step 4, if any wireless device goes offline, send an offline notification to other devices; If a device suddenly loses power, the offline information cannot be notified to other devices according to the fourth step, and the exit mechanism described in the fourth step above will be invalid; After the network system is initialized, it runs the periodic query mechanism. 5. The method for implementing a wireless network routing mechanism based on UPNP protocol according to claim 4, characterized in that: in determining or updating the device routing information table, if two wireless devices can communicate directly, no routing is required Device support, the routing path is directly from the source device to the target device; if it cannot be reached directly, the routing path needs to be determined, and the routing path must meet the following conditions, that is, there cannot be duplicate devices in each routing path, and every two transfers Routing devices can communicate directly, so there is no need for third-party equipment to switch, and the first routing device of each path is a forwarding device. 6. The method for implementing a wireless network routing mechanism based on UPNP protocol according to claim 5, characterized in that: the data packet format of the offline notification of the wireless device is: packet header+source device IP address+target device IP address+ Offline notification + forwarding times + checksum + packet tail; After receiving the notification, the target device will update the routing list, delete the wireless device, and delete all routing paths related to the device; The source device waits for the return information of all target devices, and the format of the return information data packet is: packet header + source device IP address + target device IP address + feedback information + forwarding times + checksum + packet tail. 7. The method for implementing a wireless network routing mechanism based on UPNP protocol according to claim 6, characterized in that: after the wireless system is initialized, a regular query mechanism is implemented, and each device, according to its own device routing information table, periodically Time to send query information to all target devices, the status query packet format is packet header + source device IP address + target device IP address + status query + forwarding times + checksum + packet tail. 8. The method for implementing a wireless network routing mechanism based on UPNP protocol according to claim 7, characterized in that: the specific transmitted data is stored in the routing data packet and sent; the generation rule of the routing data packet is that when the device uses the routing mechanism to send When sending information, the wireless network uses the TCP/IP protocol to realize the network transmission of data; the routing data packet is the body of the TCP/IP packet, and the destination IP address in the TCP/IP packet is set as the IP address of the transfer device of the source device.

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