CN1311132C - Process for making special type paper by utilizing fowl feather - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a process for producing special paper by using poultry feathers. The main content includes using feather fiber as the main raw material and blending it with plant fiber pulp in a certain proportion to produce multi-purpose special paper. Compared with the existing papermaking process, the process for producing special paper by using poultry feathers of the present invention has better paper air permeability and better filterability, fully utilizes waste resources, turns waste into treasure, reduces environmental pollution, and can It saves wood pulp, reduces costs, and can also reduce wood felling, which meets the requirements of today's environmental protection. Therefore, it has good promotion and use value.

Description

A process for producing special paper from poultry feathers

1. Technical field

The invention relates to a papermaking process, in particular to a process for producing special paper using poultry feathers.

2. Background technology

At present, the air filter paper for automobiles is mainly made of wood pulp. The basic requirement is that the air permeability of the finished paper should be high and the filterability should be good, which not only allows pure air to pass through, but also must remove impurities such as dust in the air. The research found that feather fiber - the most abundant animal fiber in feathers, which was previously only used as fertilizer and feather duster - has ultra-fiber properties that make it more suitable as a raw material for air filter paper. According to measurements, the width of wood pulp fibers is about 10-20 microns, and the air filter paper produced from the mixed raw materials of feather fibers and wood pulp can even be only 5 microns thick, which is smaller than the width of wood pulp fibers. Therefore, the pores of feather fiber filter paper are smaller, which can filter out more plant pollen and spores in the air. There are many benefits to using this feather fiber filter paper in cars, homes and offices. Its ultra-fine filtration can block various allergens (dust) in the air on the filter paper, reducing the incidence of air pollution syndrome. In addition, if feather fiber filter paper is used in a vacuum cleaner, the dust collection effect is also better than that of conventional filter paper.

Feather fiber is used to replace part of wood pulp in paper products, and feather fiber can better play the role of skeleton support. In paper containing feather fibers, the saving and environmental protection advantages of wood pulp raw materials are obvious: if the content of feather fibers accounts for 50%, and the remaining 50% is wood pulp, a large number of trees can be cut down.

Recently, a group of American scientists has developed this new technology, which can turn feathers into high-grade paper-making materials, and can also use feathers as raw materials to produce plastic materials with high strength and low density, which can be used in the outboard of hulls and automobiles Dashboard. At present, this papermaking technology has been granted a patent in the United States, and three papermaking enterprises have obtained production and use licenses, and two enterprises specializing in feather destemming and extracting light and fine feather fibers have also started operation. One of the production licensees will use the feather fibers to produce lightweight, dense synthetic materials for office equipment, automotive interiors and sleeper facilities for rail coaches. From this point of view, turning waste feathers into advanced materials has a broad market space and application prospects.

3. Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A kind of technology that utilizes poultry feather to produce special paper, it is to carry out according to the following steps:

Feathers are first soaked and washed with soda ash solution to remove impurities; dehydrated with a spiral dehydrator, and the dehydration dryness is controlled at 15-20%; cut feathers with a cutter, and the cut length is controlled at 2-3 cm; the cut feathers are sent to The beating machine is used to make feather fiber pulp, which is then mixed evenly with plant fiber pulp in proportion, and then sent to the paper machine for copying to produce special paper. During the beating process, a high-consistency disc refiner is used for refining, with a rotating speed of 1000-2700r/min and a concentration of 15-20%. After three times of series beating, the beating gaps are 0.2mm, 0.1mm, and 0.05mm respectively.

The ratio of feather fiber pulp to wood pulp is 1:1, the beating degree of wood pulp is about 65°SR, and the beating degree of feather fiber pulp is 19-20°SR, which is used to make feather fiber air filter paper for automobiles.

The ratio of feather fiber pulp to wood pulp is less than 1:1, the beating degree of wood pulp is about 65°SR, and the beating degree of feather fiber pulp is 19-20°SR, and the feather fiber fruit bagging paper is made.

The ratio of feather fiber pulp to wood pulp is 1:2, the beating degree of wood pulp is about 65°SR, and the beating degree of feather fiber pulp is 19-20°SR, and the feather anti-counterfeiting paper is made. Its anti-counterfeiting effect is initially judged by the burnt smell of burning paper and the difference between plant fiber paper, and finally confirmed by DNA testing of feather fibers.

The ratio of feather fiber pulp to wood pulp is about 1:1, the beating degree of wood pulp is about 55°SR, and the beating degree of feather fiber pulp is 19-20°SR.

Compared with the traditional papermaking process, the special paper produced by the process of using poultry feathers to produce special paper according to the present invention can meet the requirements of special air filter paper in terms of tearing degree, tensile strength and folding resistance. Basic requirements, with better air permeability and better filterability. Using feather fiber instead of wood pulp to make filter paper not only makes full use of waste resources, turns waste into treasure, reduces environmental pollution, but also saves wood pulp, reduces costs, and reduces wood felling, which meets the requirements of today's environmental protection. have a future.

4. Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the appearance scanning pattern after the feather fiber (13 ° SR) and wood pulp (37 ° SR) after high-consistency beating are mixed in different proportions.

5. Specific implementation

Example 1: Wash the feather with soda ash to remove the dirt and peculiar smell on it. Use a spiral dehydrator to remove moisture to a dryness of 15-20%, cut into 2-3 cm long sections with a cutter, and set aside. During the beating process, a high-consistency disc refiner is used for refining, with a rotating speed of 1000-2700r/min and a concentration of 15-20%. After three times of series beating, the beating gaps are 0.2mm, 0.1mm, and 0.05mm respectively. The ratio of feather fiber to wood pulp is 1:1, the beating degree of wood pulp is about 65°SR, and the beating degree of feather fiber is 19-20°SR, which is used to make feather fiber air filter paper for automobiles.

(1) Mix the feather fiber and wood pulp after high-concentration beating in different proportions, make slices, cut samples, Determination of its performance indicators, the results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Effects of different proportions of feather fiber and wood pulp on the performance indexes of air filter paper Proportion (%) 100M 10F+90M 20F+80M 30F+70M 40F+60M 50F+50M 60F+40M 70F+30M 80F+20M air permeability 12.7 14.1 18.1 21.0 23.1 25.6 28.2 31.4 35.4 Tear (CN) 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.6 6.2 5.0 4.0 Tensile strength (N) 4.9 4.8 4.5 4.3 4.2 4.0 2.8 2.2 1.4 Whiteness (%ISO) 79.8 69.3 61.1 57.4 54.2 52.2 49.2 48.0 45.0 Folding endurance (times) 15 13 8 6 4 3 2 1 -- Thickness (mm) 0.220 0.230 0.240 0.245 0.250 0.260 0.265 0.270 0.275

Note 1: 100M means 100% wood pulp, 10F means 10% feather fiber, and so on.

Note 2: The total material amount of the above-mentioned slices is 10 grams (absolutely dry), the beating degree of wood pulp (free beating) is 45°SR, the beating degree of feather is 19°SR<for now>, and the weight of the slices is 80g/m ² .

Note 3: When the feather fiber accounts for 90%, the fiber binding force in the sheet is too small to lift the dry sheet, so the data is missing.

It can be seen from Table 1 that with the increase of feather fibers in the sheets, the air permeability increases linearly, and at the same time, the thickness also increases, which shows the high air permeability and high elasticity of feather fibers.

Secondly, Table 1 shows that with the increase of the feather fiber ratio, the tearing degree of the paper increases greatly at the initial stage, but when the ratio exceeds 50%, the tearing degree begins to decrease rapidly; at the same time, the tensile strength increases with Feather ratio increases and continues to decrease. This shows that: because the factors that determine the degree of paper tearing are mainly the average length of the fibers and the strength of a single fiber, the bonding force of the fibers is in a secondary position. Therefore, when the proportion of feather fibers is low, due to the strength of a single feather fiber It is very large, so the tearing degree increases greatly with the increase of the feather fiber ratio; but with the increase of the feather fiber ratio, the fiber bonding force becomes the main factor determining the tearing degree, but the feather fiber has no swelling and fine fibers in the beating process Therefore, there is no hydrogen bonding force, so the tearing degree drops sharply thereafter; similarly, the main factor determining the tensile strength is the fiber bonding force, so the tensile strength decreases from beginning to end. When the feather ratio reaches 90%, the fiber bonding strength is too low to completely uncover the dry sheet. In addition, with the increase of feather fiber, the folding resistance decreased. The reason is because of the continuous reduction of fiber binding force.

(2) The change of beating degree of wood pulp has a great influence on the properties of air filter paper. Table 2 shows the performance indexes of wood pulp and feather fiber at different beating degrees (1:1 ratio).

Table 2 Effect of changes in beating degree of wood pulp on paper properties Beating degree (°SR) 30 40 45 50 60 70 80 88 air permeability 28.4 26.6 25.4 25.1 24.8 23.5 22.6 21.2 Tear (CN) 3.0 5.4 6.4 7.2 7.5 7.0 6.0 3.5 Tensile strength (N) 8.0 12.2 16.4 19.6 35.1 30.2 23.3 23.0 Folding endurance (times) 3 4 5 8 10 6 4.5 3.5 Whiteness (%ISO) 51.2 51.9 52.2 51.8 52.4 52.5 52.3 52.0 Filterability extremely easy extremely easy extremely easy easy easy more difficult hard extremely difficult

Note: 3# feather fiber is selected, and the beating degree is 22°SR. Quantitative sheet copy 80g/m ²

It can be seen from the above table that the air permeability decreases slowly, and the decrease rate is not very large; while the change trend of tearing degree, folding endurance and tensile strength is basically the same, with the increase of beating degree, it begins to rise gradually, when beating degree It reaches a maximum value at around 60° SR. It is unfavorable to continue to increase the degree of beating. At the same time, the drainage of the slurry is gradually reduced. Therefore, the beating degree of wood pulp should not be too high, preferably between 60-70°SR.

(3) Changes in the degree of refining of feather fibers also affect the properties of air filter paper. Table 3 shows the performance indicators of wood pulp and feather fiber with different refining degrees under the beating degree of 65°SR and the paper sheet (1:1 ratio).

Table 3 The effect of the change of feather fiber refining degree on paper properties Refining degree 1#-13°SR 2#-16°SR 3#-19°SR 4#-22°SR air permeability 25.4 24.8 24.5 24.2 Tear (CN) 4.5 5.5 6 4 Tensile strength (N) 28.7 30.4 31.5 30.8 Folding endurance (times) 4.5 6.5 10.5 3 Whiteness (%ISO) 52.2 52.3 52.4 52.0 Thickness (0.01mm) 33 32.8 32.6 31

Note: 1#--The refining concentration is 20%, and the refining gap is 0.3mm. 2#--It is obtained by taking 1# pulp and passing through a 0.2mm refining gap. 3#--It is obtained by taking 2# pulp and passing through a 0.1mm refining gap. 4#--obtained by taking 3# pulp and passing through a 0.05mm refining gap.

It can be seen from Table 3 that the impact is the largest on the folding endurance and tearing degree. With the increase of the refining degree of feather fiber, the folding resistance and tearing degree of the sheets changed sharply, reached the maximum value and then decreased rapidly with the further increasing of the refining degree. Other indicators such as tensile strength do not change drastically with the degree of feather fiber refining, but there is a maximum point, that is, the degree of beating is about 19-20°SR, and all indicators are at the best at this time.

(4) From the aspect of paper appearance and evenness, the degree of feather fiber refining has a great influence on the evenness. With the increase of feather fiber refining degree, the number of feather fibers is cut off, and the evenness of the sheet is greatly improved. , and the two-sided difference of the copied film is reduced.

After high-consistency beating, the feather fiber (13°SR) and wood pulp (37°SR) were mixed in different proportions, and the scanning pattern of its appearance is shown in Figure 1. (Note: Every two pictures are a group, in which the left picture in each group is the net surface, and the right picture is the front.)

It can be seen from Figure 1 that under the same beating degree of wood pulp, the front and back sides of the sheets with different proportions of feather fiber and wood pulp are quite different. There are more feather fibers on the front side than on the net side, and the lower the degree of beating, the greater the difference. The reason is that because the density of feather fibers is smaller than that of wood pulp fibers, the feather fibers mostly float on the liquid surface due to buoyancy during the copying process, resulting in poor copying on both sides. As the beating degree of wood pulp and feather fiber increases, the viscosity of the slurry increases, and the resistance of the feather fiber to float increases, and the fine feather fiber is easy to be stably dispersed in the slurry, so the sheet evenness is improved and the two-sided difference is reduced. .

(5) Practicality of feather air filter paper

Table 4 shows the performance index comparison between the all wood pulp air filter paper produced by a certain factory and the filter paper made of 50% feather fiber (19.6°SR) mixed with wood pulp (65°SR).

Table 4 The performance index comparison between the whole wood pulp air filter paper and the filter paper made of 50% feather fiber mixed with wood pulp

Compare Performance air permeability Tensile strength (N) Tear (CN) Folding endurance (times) wood pulp 18.2 40.2 6.8 15 Feather: wood pulp (1:1) 24.6 35.0 7.4 14

It can be seen from the above table that the air permeability of the filter paper made of 50% feather fiber and wood pulp is much higher than that of the whole wood pulp air filter paper (its filterability is reported to be better than that of the whole wood pulp filter paper), and other The performance index is also basically close to that of all wood pulp, which can meet the requirements of air filter paper for automobiles.

Embodiment 2: Wash the feather with soda ash to remove the dirt and peculiar smell on it. Use a spiral dehydrator to remove moisture to a dryness of 15-20%, cut into 2-3 cm long sections with a cutter, and set aside. During the beating process, a high-consistency disc refiner is used for refining, with a rotating speed of 1000-2700r/min and a concentration of 15-20%. After three times of series beating, the beating gaps are 0.2mm, 0.1mm, and 0.05mm respectively. The ratio of feather fiber to wood pulp is less than 1:1, the beating degree of wood pulp is about 65°SR, and the beating degree of feather fiber is 19-20°SR, and the feather fiber fruit bagging paper is made.

Embodiment 3: Wash the feather with soda ash to remove the dirt and peculiar smell on it. Use a spiral dehydrator to remove moisture to a dryness of 15-20%, cut into 2-3 cm long sections with a cutter, and set aside. During the beating process, a high-consistency disc refiner is used for refining, with a rotating speed of 1000-2700r/min and a concentration of 15-20%. After three series of beatings, the beating gaps are 0.2mm, 0.1mm, and 0.05mm respectively. The ratio of feather fiber to wood pulp is 1:2, the beating degree of wood pulp is about 65°SR, and the beating degree of feather fiber is 19-20°SR, and the feather anti-counterfeiting paper is made. Its anti-counterfeiting effect is initially judged by the burnt smell of burning paper and the difference between plant fiber paper, and finally confirmed by DNA testing of feather fibers.

Embodiment 4: Wash the feather with soda ash to remove the dirt and peculiar smell on it. Use a spiral dehydrator to remove moisture to a dryness of 15-20%, cut into 2-3 cm long sections with a cutter, and set aside. During the beating process, a high-consistency disc refiner is used for refining, with a rotating speed of 1000-2700r/min and a concentration of 15-20%. After three times of series beating, the beating gaps are 0.2mm, 0.1mm, and 0.05mm respectively. The ratio of feather fiber to wood pulp is about 1:1, the beating degree of plant fiber is about 55°SR, and the beating degree of feather fiber is 19-20°SR, and the efficient shockproof and moisture-proof feather fiber honeycomb paperboard is produced.

For the selected feather fibers, because the colors are different, the whiteness of the pulp will decrease with the increase of the feather ratio, so it needs to be bleached. The traditional bleaching agents for plant fibers are not all suitable for bleaching animal fibers such as feathers. And H2O2 can be used as a suitable bleaching agent for feather bleaching. The highest whiteness can reach 61.8% (ISO). The suitable technical condition for H ₂ O ₂ bleaching of feathers is that the amount of H ₂ O ₂ is about 15%, if the amount is too low, the bleaching effect is poor; if the amount is too high, it is uneconomical. The appropriate dosage of NaOH is about 1.0%. Its main function is to remove the grease on the surface of feather fibers, facilitate the penetration of bleaching liquid, and improve the bleaching effect.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of technology of utilizing poultry feather to produce specialties is characterized in that it is to follow these steps to carry out: feather is earlier with soda ash aqueous solution soaking washing impurity-removing; With the spiral dewater dehydration, the dehydration mass dryness fraction is controlled at 15-20%; Shear feather with stock-cutter, sheared length is controlled at 2-3 centimetre; Feather after the shearing send the beater making beating to make the feather fiber slurry, mix with plant fiber pulp in proportion then, send paper machine to join to copy and to produce specialties, pulping process adopts the high concentration plate mill defibrination, rotating speed 1000-2700r/min, with 15-20% concentration defibrination, through three series connection making beating, the making beating gap is respectively 0.2mm, 0.1mm, 0.05mm; Feather fiber slurry and wood pulp are pressed 1: 1 mixed then, and the wood pulp beating degree is 65 ° of SR, and feather fiber slurry beating degree is 19-20 ° of SR, and automobile feather fiber air paper is used for manufacturing paper with pulp.

2, a kind of technology of utilizing poultry feather to produce specialties is characterized in that it is to follow these steps to carry out: feather is earlier with soda ash aqueous solution soaking washing impurity-removing; With the spiral dewater dehydration, the dehydration mass dryness fraction is controlled at 15-20%; Shear feather with stock-cutter, sheared length is controlled at 2-3 centimetre; Feather after the shearing send the beater making beating to make the feather fiber slurry, mix with plant fiber pulp in proportion then, send paper machine to join to copy and to produce specialties, pulping process adopts the high concentration plate mill defibrination, rotating speed 1000-2700r/min, with 15-20% concentration defibrination, through three series connection making beating, the making beating gap is respectively 0.2mm, 0.1mm, 0.05mm; The feather fiber slurry is 1: 2 with the proportioning of wood pulp, and the wood pulp beating degree is 65 ° of SR, and feather fiber slurry beating degree is 19-20 ° of SR.

3, a kind of technology of utilizing poultry feather to produce specialties is characterized in that it is to follow these steps to carry out: feather is earlier with soda ash aqueous solution soaking washing impurity-removing; With the spiral dewater dehydration, the dehydration mass dryness fraction is controlled at 15-20%; Shear feather with stock-cutter, sheared length is controlled at 2-3 centimetre; Feather after the shearing send the beater making beating to make the feather fiber slurry, mix with plant fiber pulp in proportion then, send paper machine to join to copy and to produce specialties, pulping process adopts the high concentration plate mill defibrination, and rotating speed 1000-2700r/min is with 15-20% concentration defibrination, through three series connection making beating, the making beating gap is respectively 0.2mm, 0.1mm, 0.05mm; The feather fiber slurry is 1: 1 with the proportioning of wood pulp, and the wood pulp beating degree is 55 ° of SR, and feather fiber slurry beating degree is 19-20 ° of SR.