CN1308302C - Taxol enhancer compounds - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a compound represented by the Structural Formula (I); Y is a covalent bond, a phenylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted straight chained hydrocarbyl group. In addition, Y, taken together with both >C=Z groups to which it is bonded, is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group. Preferably, Y is a covalent bond or -C(R7R8)-. R1 and R2 are independently an aryl group or a substituted aryl group, R3 and R4 are independently -H, an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, an aryl group or a substituted aryl group. R5-R6 are independently -H, an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, an aryl group or a substituted aryl group. R7 and R8 are each independently -H, an aliphatic or substituted aliphatic group, or R7 is -H and R8 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or, R7 and R8, taken together, are a C2-C6 substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group. Z is =O or =S. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compound of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.

Description

paclitaxel enhancing compound

related application

This application claims the benefit of US Provisional Application No. 60/304252, filed July 10, 2001, and US Provisional Application No. 60/361936, filed March 6, 2002. Both applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Background of the invention

Many new drugs are currently available to oncologists when treating cancer patients. In general, tumors are more sensitive to treatment with a combination of anticancer drugs than to treatment with single or sequential administration of the anticancer drugs. One benefit of this approach is that the anticancer drugs work synergistically, because tumor cells are attacked by multiple drugs at the same time in multiple ways. Therefore, it should be possible to reduce tumors faster by co-administration. Another advantage of combination chemotherapy is that the tumor is more likely to be completely eradicated and less likely to develop resistance to the anticancer drugs used to treat the patient.

A serious limitation of combination chemotherapy is that anticancer drugs often have serious side effects, even when given alone. For example, paclitaxel, a well-known anticancer drug, can cause neutropenia, neuropathy, mucositis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, bradycardia, diarrhea, and nausea. To make matters worse, the combination can exacerbate the toxicity of cancer drugs. Therefore, some specific drugs are usually not used in combination, and the combined toxic side effects of those anticancer drugs administered at the same time severely limit the dose of the combined drug. The doses of the combination drugs are usually insufficient to achieve the desired synergistic effect. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find drugs that can enhance the tumor attack effect of anticancer drugs without increasing their side effects.

Summary of the invention

It has now been found that certain bis[thio-hydrazide amine] compounds can significantly increase the anticancer activity of paclitaxel. For example, compound (1) was administered in combination with paclitaxel (Paclitaxel) to treat tumors induced in nude mice using the human breast cancer cell line MDA-435. After 24 days, the mice given 5 mg/kg paclitaxel and 25 mg/kg compound (1) every day had a 5-fold reduction in tumor volume than mice given only 5 mg/kg paclitaxel or only 25 mg/kg compound (1) (implementation Example 7). The result is shown in Figure 1. The structure of compound (1) is shown below:

Compound (1)

It has also been found that these bis[thio-hydrazide amine] compounds have extremely low side effects. For example, mice treated with paclitaxel and compound (1) lost little body weight during the treatment period (see Figure 2). Based on these results, novel compounds that can enhance the anticancer activity of paclitaxel, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, and methods of treating cancer patients are disclosed herein.

One embodiment of the invention is a compound represented by structural formula (I):

Y is a covalent bond, a phenylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted linear hydrocarbon group. In addition, Y and >C=Z on both sides connected to it together constitute a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. Preferably, Y is a covalent bond or -C(R ₇ R ₈ )-.

R ₁ is an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, a non-aromatic heterocyclic group, or a substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group.

R ₂ -R ₄ are independently -H, aliphatic, substituted aliphatic, non-aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group, aryl or substituted aryl, or R ₁ Together with _R3 and the carbon atom and nitrogen atom attached to it, and/or _R2 and _R4 together with the carbon atom and nitrogen atom attached to it, form a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring, and optionally, with an aromatic ring fusion.

_R5 - _R6 are independently -H, aliphatic, substituted aliphatic, aryl or substituted aryl.

_R7 and _R8 are independently -H, aliphatic or substituted aliphatic, or _R7 is -H and _R8 is substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or, _R7 and _R8 together form C ₂ -C ₆ substituted or unsubstituted alkylene.

Z is =O or =S.

On the one hand, when Y is -C(R ₇ R ₈ )- in the compound shown in structural formula (I), R ₃ and R ₄ are all phenyl, and R ₅ -R ₈ are all -H, R ₁ and Not all R ₂ are C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl (preferably not all methyl).

Another embodiment of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent and a compound represented by structural formula (I). Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition contains an effective concentration of the compound.

Another embodiment of the invention is a method of treating a cancer patient. The method comprises administering an effective amount of paclitaxel or a paclitaxel analogue and an effective amount of a compound represented by structural formula (I) to the patient.

The disclosed compounds can enhance the anticancer activity of paclitaxel and paclitaxel analogs. In addition, these compounds have extremely low toxic side effects. Therefore, when paclitaxel or its analogs are used in combination with the compound of the present invention, even when the dosage reaches the maximum tolerated dose of paclitaxel, its drug effect can be enhanced. Therefore, the combination therapy using the compounds of the present invention is expected to provide more effective clinical results for cancer patients treated with paclitaxel. By administering the compound of the present invention together with paclitaxel, it is also possible to achieve the same therapeutic effect as that of paclitaxel in larger doses, while reducing side effects and improving the quality of life of patients.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows respectively with vehicle (●); Compound (1) (25mg/kg) (◆); Panitesi (15mg/kg) (■); or Compound (1) (25mg/kg) and Panit Mean tumor volume (in ml) over time (in days) in Tesi (15 mg/kg) (□)-treated nude mice. Tumors were induced from the human breast cancer cell line MDA-435.

Fig. 2 shows respectively with vehicle (●); Compound (1) (25mg/kg) (◆); Panitesi (15mg/kg) (■); or Compound (1) (25mg/kg) and Body weight percentage of Tesi (15 mg/kg) (□) treated nude mice over time. Tumors in mice were induced by the human breast cancer cell line MDA-435.

Figure 3 is the structure of Paclitaxel (Paclitaxel)

Figure 4 is the structure of Docetaxol

Figure 5-25 is the structure of paclitaxel analogues

Figure 26 is a polymer comprising a polymer backbone and a paclitaxel analog group. The polymer is a terpolymer of the three monomers shown.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention relates to compounds represented by structural formula (I) and their use as paclitaxel enhancers in the treatment of cancer. Wherein, Y is a covalent bond or a substituted or unsubstituted linear hydrocarbon group. Y and the >C=Z on both sides connected to it together form a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group (preferably, Y is a covalent bond or -C(R ₇ R ₈ )-); R ₁ is an aliphatic group or a substituted The aliphatic group, R ₂ -R ₄ are independently -H, aliphatic group, substituted aliphatic group, aryl or substituted aryl group, or R ₁ and R ₃ together with the carbon atom and nitrogen atom attached to it , and/or R ₂ and R ₄ together with the carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms connected to them form a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring, and optionally, are fused with an aromatic ring. The remaining variable groups in formula (I) are as described above.

In a first preferred embodiment, Y in the structural formula (I) and >C=Z on both sides connected to it together constitute a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, and the compound is represented by the structural formula (II):

R ₁ -R ₆ in the structural formula (II) are as described in the structural formula (I). Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group. Preferably, Ar is a heteroarylene group containing a nitrogen atom. Examples are as follows:

Ring A is substituted or unsubstituted.

In a second preferred embodiment, Y in formula (I) is a covalent bond or a substituted or unsubstituted linear hydrocarbon group. R ₇ and R ₈ are as described in structural formula (I). Preferably, Y is a _covalent bond _, -C( _R7R8 )-, -( _CH2CH2 )-, trans-(CH=CH)-, cis-(CH=CH)-, -(CC) - or 1,4-phenylene. More preferably, Y is a covalent bond or -C(R ₇ R ₈ )-.

In a third preferred embodiment, Y in formula (I) is a covalent bond or -C(R ₇ R ₈ )-, the compound is represented by formula (III):

R ₁ -R ₈ are as described in the structural formula (I). Y' is a covalent bond or -C(R ₇ R ₈ )-. Preferably, _{both R7} and _R8 are methyl; together form propylene or butene; or _R7 is -H and _R8 is lower alkyl (preferably methyl), thienyl, phenyl or benzyl .

In an example of the compound represented by structural formula (III), at least one of R ₁ -R ₂ is a substituted aliphatic group, an unsubstituted aliphatic group, a substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group or an unsubstituted non-aromatic heterocyclic groups. Preferably, R ₅ -R ₈ are all -H. In another example of the compound represented by structural formula (III), at least one of R ₁ -R ₂ is an unsubstituted cycloaliphatic group, a substituted cycloaliphatic group, a substituted straight-chain or branched-chain aliphatic group , a substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group or an unsubstituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group. In both cases, _R3 and _R4 are preferably both methyl groups.

In a more preferred embodiment, R ₅ -R ₈ in structural formula (III) is -H, and the compound is represented by structural formula (IV):

R ₁ -R ₄ in the structural formula (IV) are as described in the structural formula (I). Y" is a covalent bond or _-CH2- .

In an example of the compound represented by structural formula (IV), R _{and R} are both substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic groups, preferably both are substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl groups, more preferably both are methyl or ethyl. When R ₃ and R ₄ in the structural formula (IV) are both substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic groups: 1) R ₁ and R ₂ are preferably substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic groups (preferably substituted or unsubstituted substituted alkyl, more preferably _C3 - _C8 substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic, such as substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl); or 2) _R1 is preferably substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic (preferably substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic); R is _preferably : i) substituted or unsubstituted aryl (for example substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl); or ii) a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group (preferably a substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₈ cycloaliphatic group).

In a second example of the compound represented by structural formula (IV), _R3 and _R4 are both substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl. When R ₃ and R ₄ in the structural formula (IV) are both substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups: 1) R ₁ and R ₂ are preferably substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic groups (preferably substituted or unsubstituted substituted alkyl); or 2) R ₁ is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group (preferably a substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₈ cycloaliphatic group); R ₂ is preferably: i ) substituted or unsubstituted aryl (eg substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl); or ii) substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic (preferably substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic group).

In a third example of a compound represented by structural formula (IV), _R3 and _R4 are both substituted or unsubstituted phenyl (eg, phenyl substituted with at least one non-aliphatic group). When R ₃ and R ₄ in the structural formula (IV) are both substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups: 1) R ₁ and R ₂ are preferably substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic groups (preferably substituted or unsubstituted Alkyl, more preferably C ₃ -C ₈ substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic, such as substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl); or 2) R ₁ is preferably substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic (preferably substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic); R is _preferably : i) substituted or unsubstituted aryl (for example substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl); or ii) substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic (preferably substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic).

In a fourth example of a compound represented by structural formula (IV), R _{and R} are both substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, preferably both substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl, including substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group (such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, cyclopropyl, 1-methylcyclopropyl, 2-methylcyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or Cyclohexyl) substituted C ₃ -C ₈ cycloalkyl. When R ₁ and R ₂ in structural formula (IV) are both aliphatic or substituted aliphatic, R ₃ and R ₄ are preferably both: 1) substituted or unsubstituted aryl (such as substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or phenyl substituted by at least one non-aliphatic substituent); or 2) substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic (preferably substituted or unsubstituted alkyl).

In a fifth example of the compound represented by structural formula (IV), R ₁ and R ₂ are both substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic groups, preferably both are substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropanyl groups.

In a sixth example of the compound represented by structural formula (IV), R ₁ is a substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic group, and R ₂ is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group.

The following are some examples of compounds represented by structural formula (IV): R ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are p-CF ₃ -phenyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both o-CH ₃ -phenyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both -CH ₂ ) ₃ COOH, R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl;

Both _R1 and _R2 are represented by the following structural formula:

并

and

And R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl groups; R ₁ and R ₂ are both n-butyl groups, R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl groups; R ₁ and R ₂ are both n-pentyl groups, R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl groups ; Both R ₁ and R ₂ are methyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both 2-pyridyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclohexyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both Methyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are 2-ethylphenyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are methyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are 2,6-dichlorobenzene; R ₁ - _{R 4} are all methyl Both R ₁ and R ₂ are methyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both tert-butyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both ethyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both tert-butyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both ethyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-methylcyclopropyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both 2-methylcyclopropyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-phenylcyclopropyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both 2-phenylcyclopropyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclobutyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopentyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₁ is cyclopropyl, _R2 is phenyl, _R3 and _R4 are both methyl.

In a fourth preferred embodiment, Y in formula (I) is -C( _R7R )-, _R5 and _R6 are both -H. When Y is a covalent bond or -C(R ₇ R ₈ )-, and R ₅ and R ₆ are both -H, the compound of the present invention is represented by structural formula (V):

R ₁ -R ₄ , R ₇ and R ₈ are as described in the structural formula (I), and Y' is a covalent bond or -C(R ₇ R ₈ )-. R ₇ and R ₈ may be the same or different. Preferably, _{both R7} and _R8 are methyl; _R7 and _R8 together form propylene or butene; or _R7 is -H and _R8 is lower alkyl (preferably methyl), thienyl, phenyl or benzyl.

In an example of the compound represented by structural formula (V), R ₁ and R ₂ are both lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl, and R ₃ and R ₄ are both aryl or substituted aryl. In another example of the compound represented by structural formula (V), R ₁ and R ₂ are both substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic groups, R ₃ and R ₄ are both lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl; preferably Preferably, R ₁ and R ₂ are both substituted or unsubstituted alkyl (more preferably substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl), R ₃ and R ₄ are both -H, methyl or ethyl, R ₇ is -H, _R8 is -H or methyl. In another example of the compound represented by structural formula (V), R ₁ and R ₂ are both C ₃ -C ₈ cycloalkyl or substituted C ₃ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are both is methyl, ethyl, phenyl or thienyl (preferably, R ₇ and R ₈ : 1) are both methyl; 2) together form propylene or butene; or 3) R ₇ is -H, R ₈ is lower alkyl, thienyl, phenyl or benzyl). In another example of the compound represented by structural formula (V), R ₁ and R ₂ are both lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl, and R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl, ethyl or phenyl.

The following are some examples of compounds represented by structural formula (V): R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ Both are cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both ethyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ is Methyl; _R8 is -H; _R1 and _R2 are both 1-methylcyclopropyl; _R3 and _R4 are both methyl; Y' is a bond; _R1 and _R2 are both 1-methyl Cyclopropyl; Both R ₃ and R ₄ are methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ is methyl; R ₈ is -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ is ethyl; R ₈ is -H; R ₁ and _R2 are both 1-methylcyclopropyl; _R3 and _R4 are both methyl; _R7 is n-propyl; _R8 is -H; _R1 and _R2 are both 1-methylcyclopropyl Both R ₃ and R ₄ are methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both methyl; R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both ethyl; R ₇ and Both R ₈ are -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ is methyl; R ₄ is ethyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both is 2-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both 2-phenylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both is methyl; both R ₇ and R ₈ are -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-phenylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclobutyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopentyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl ; Both R ₇ and R ₈ are -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclohexyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclohexyl ; R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H ; Both R ₁ and R ₂ are methyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both t-butyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both Phenyl; _{both R7} and _R8 are -H; both _R1 and _R2 are t-butyl; both _R3 and _R4 are phenyl; _{both R7} and _R8 are -H; _R1 and _R2 is ethyl; both R ₃ and R ₄ are methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; R ₁ and R ₂ are both n-propyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are all -H;

In a fifth preferred embodiment, Y in formula (I) is a covalent bond or _-CH2- . When Y is a covalent bond or -CH ₂ -, the compound of the present invention is represented by structural formula (VI):

R ₁ -R ₆ in structural formula (VI) are as described in structural formula (I). R ₅ and R ₆ may be the same or different. Y" is a covalent bond or _-CH2- .

In one example of the compound represented by structural formula (V), both R ₅ and R ₆ are lower alkyl (preferably methyl) or phenyl. When R ₅ and R ₆ are both lower alkyl or phenyl, R ₁ and R ₂ are preferably both lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl, R ₃ and R ₄ are preferably both phenyl or substituted phenyl. In addition, when R ₅ and R ₆ are both lower alkyl or phenyl, it is also possible that R ₁ and R ₂ are both lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl, and R ₃ and R ₄ are both lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl groups.

In structural formulas (I)-(VI), R ₁ and R ₂ are the same (eg R ₁ and R ₂ are both the same substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group) or different (eg R ₁ is substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, and R ₂ is substituted or unsubstituted aryl); and/or R ₃ and R ₄ are the same or different. Preferably, _R1 and _R2 are the same and _R3 and _R4 are the same.

A "straight chain hydrocarbon group" is an alkenyl group, ie, -( _CH2 ) _x- , in which one or more (preferably one) methylene groups are optionally substituted by a linking group. x is a positive integer (eg, between 1 and about 10), preferably between 1 and about 6, more preferably 1 or 2. "Linking group" refers to a functional group that replaces a methylene group in a linear hydrocarbon group. Suitable linking groups include ketones (-C(O)-), alkenes, alkynes, phenylenes, ethers (-O-), thioethers (-S-), or amines [-N(R ^a )]- , where R ^a is defined in the following. A preferred linking group is -C(R ₇ R ₈ )-, wherein R ₇ and R ₈ are as defined previously. Suitable alkenyl and hydrocarbyl substituents are those which do not significantly affect the onset of the reaction. _R7 and _R8 are preferred alkenyl or hydrocarbyl substituents.

Aliphatic groups are straight-chain, branched-chain or non-aromatic cyclic hydrocarbons which are fully saturated or contain one or more units of unsaturation. Generally, straight or branched chain groups contain 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and cycloaliphatic groups contain 3 to about 10 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to about 8 carbon atoms. Aliphatic groups are preferably straight-chain or branched alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, pentyl or octyl radical, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to about 8 carbon atoms, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or cyclooctyl. A C1-C20 linear or linear alkyl group or a C3-C8 cycloalkyl group may also be referred to as a "lower alkyl group".

Aryl groups include carbocyclic aromatic groups such as phenyl, naphthyl and anthracenyl, and heteroaryl groups such as imidazolyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyranyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, Pyrazinyl, thiazole, oxazolyl and tetrazole.

Aryl also includes fused polycyclic aromatic ring systems in which a carbocyclic aromatic or heteroaromatic ring is fused to one or more other heteroaromatic rings. Examples include benzothianyl, benzofuryl, indole, quinoline, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, benzimidazole, quinoline, isoquinoline and isozaindenyl.

The term "arylene" refers to an aryl group connected to adjacent positions by two other bonds. For example, the structure of 1,4-phenylene is shown below:

The substituents of the arylene group are the same as the substituents of the aryl group described below.

A non-aromatic heterocycle refers to a non-aromatic carbocycle which includes one or more heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur in the ring. The ring may be a five-, six-, seven- or eight-membered ring. Examples include tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrophenylthio, morpholino, thiomorpholino, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl and thiazolidinyl.

The terms "lower alkoxy", "lower acyl", "(lower alkoxy)methyl" and "(lower alkyl)thiomethyl" refer to -O-(lower alkyl), -C(O) -(lower alkyl), -CH ₂ -O-(lower alkyl), and -CH ₂ -S-(lower alkyl). The terms "substituted lower alkoxy" and "substituted lower acyl" mean -O-(substituted lower alkyl), -C(O)-(substituted lower alkyl), respectively.

Suitable substituents for aliphatic, non-aromatic heterocyclic, benzyl or aryl (carbocyclic and heteroaryl) are those that do not significantly affect the anticancer activity of the compound against paclitaxel and its analogs enhanced group. When the enhancement of the anticancer activity of the compound is reduced by more than 50% after being substituted by a substituent, it is considered that the substituent significantly affects the enhancement of the anticancer activity of the compound. Examples of suitable substituents include -OH, halogen (-Br, -Cl, -I and -F), -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -CN, -NO ₂ , -COOH, -SO ₃ H, _-NH2 , ^-NHRa , -N( ^RaRb ), -COORa ^, -CHO, _-CONH2 , -CONHRa ^{, -CON ( RaRb} ), -NHCORa ^, -NRCORa ^, - NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C (=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ),- NR ^d HC(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c ) -NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHR ^a R ^b , -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c = CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a (k is 0, 1 or 2) and -NH-C(=NH)-H ₂ . R ^a - R ^d are independently aliphatic, substituted aliphatic, benzyl, substituted benzyl, aryl or substituted aryl, preferably alkyl, benzyl or aryl. In addition, -NR ^a R ^d together form a substituted or unsubstituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group, a non-aromatic heterocyclic group, benzyl or aryl can also have aliphatic or substituted aliphatic group as a substituent. Substituted aliphatic groups may also have non-aromatic heterocycles, substituted non-aromatic heterocycles, benzyl groups, substituted benzyl groups, aryl groups or substituted aryl groups as substituents. A substituted aliphatic group, non-aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted aryl group or substituted benzyl group may have more than one substituent.

The present invention also includes pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds. The compound of the present invention has sufficient acidic and basic groups or both functional groups, so it can react with any inorganic base, inorganic and organic acid to form a salt. Commonly used to form acid addition salts are inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, sulfuric, phosphoric, and similar inorganic acids, and organic acids such as p-toluenesulfinic, methanesulfonic, oxalic, p -Bromophenyl-sulfuric acid, carbonic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, ethyl acetate and similar organic acids. Examples of salts include sulfate, pyrosulfate, bisulfate, sulfite, bisulfite, phosphate, monohydrogenphosphate, dihydrogenphosphate, metaphosphate, pyrophosphate, chloride, bromine Iodide, Iodide, Acetate, Propionate, Caprate, Caprylate, Acrylate, Formate, Isobutyrate, Hexanoate, Heptanoate, Propiolate, Oxalate, Malonate, succinate, suberate, sebacate, fumarate, maleate, butyne-1,4-diester, hexyne-1,6-diester, benzoic acid Salt, chlorobenzoate, methylbenzoate, dinitrobenzoate, hydroxybenzoate, methoxybenzoate, phthaloyl salt, sulfonate, xylene Sulfonate, Phenylacetate, Phenylpropionate, Phenylbutyrate, Citrate, Lactate, -Hydroxybutyrate, Glycolate, Tartrate, Methylsulfonate, Propylsulfonate naphthalene-1-sulfonate, naphthalene-2-sulfonate, mandelate and similar salts.

Base addition salts include those derived from inorganic bases such as ammonium or alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates and similar inorganic bases. Bases useful in preparing the salts of this invention include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, potassium carbonate and the like.

Paclitaxel, also known as "Panitesi", is a well-known class of anticancer drugs that can inhibit the formation of microtubules. Many analogs of paclitaxel are known, including taxotere, the structures of which are shown in Figure 4. Taxotere is also known as "Docetaxol". The structures of other paclitaxel analogs are shown in Figures 5-25. These compounds all have a basic taxane skeleton as a common structural feature, and can inhibit cells in G2-M phase by inhibiting microtubule proliferation. Therefore, it is evident from Figures 5-25 that the taxane backbone can be modified with many substituents without affecting its biological function. Moreover, 0, 1 or all of the cyclohexane rings in the paclitaxel analogs can have a double bond at a given position. For clarity, the basic taxane backbone is shown in the following structural formula (VII):

The double bond in the cyclohexane ring is not shown in the taxane backbone represented by structural formula (VII). It should be understood that the basic taxane backbone may include 0 or 1 double bond in one or all of the cyclohexane rings, as shown in Figures 5-25 and Structural Formulas (VIII) and (IX) below. Certain carbon atoms are also not shown in structural formula (VII) in order to indicate sites of frequent structural changes in paclitaxel analogs. For example, sites on the taxane backbone having only oxygen atoms indicate that these positions are typically hydroxyl, acyl, alkoxy or other oxygen-containing substituents. It should be understood that these and other substituents on the taxane backbone do not affect its anticancer activity and microtubule inhibition activity. Accordingly, the term "paclitaxel analogue" is defined herein as a compound having the basic paclitaxel backbone and promoting microtubule breakdown.

In particular, the paclitaxel analogs described herein are represented by structural formula (VIII) or (IX):

R ₁₀ is lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, -SR ₁₉ , -NHR ₁₉ or -OR ₁₉ .

R ₁₁ is lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl.

R ₁₂ is -H, -OH, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, substituted lower alkoxy, -OC(O)-(lower alkyl), -OC(O)-( substituted lower alkyl), -O-CH ₂ -O-(lower alkyl)-S-CH ₂ -O-(lower alkyl).

R ₁₃ is -H, -CH ₃ , or, together with R ₁₄ , -CH ₂ -.

R ₁₄ is -H, -OH, lower alkoxy, -OC(O)-(lower alkyl), substituted lower alkoxy, -OC(O)-(substituted lower alkyl), -O- CH ₂ -OP(O)(OH) ₂ , -O-CH ₂ -O-(lower alkyl), -O-CH ₂ -S-(lower alkyl), or together with R ₂₀ is a double bond.

R ₁₅ is -H, lower acyl, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, alkoxymethyl, alkylthiomethyl, -OC(O)-O(lower alkyl), -OC(O) -O(substituted lower alkyl), -OC(O)-NH(lower alkyl) or -OC(O)-NH(substituted lower alkyl).

R ₁₆ is phenyl or substituted phenyl.

R ₁₇ is -H, lower acyl, substituted lower acyl, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, (lower alkoxy)methyl or (lower alkyl)thiomethyl.

R ₁₈ is -H, -CH ₃ , or, together with R ₁₇ and the carbon atom connected to R ₁₇ and R ₁₈ , constitutes a five-membered or six-membered non-aromatic heterocyclic ring.

R ₁₉ is lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl.

_R20 is -H or halogen.

R ₂₁ is -H, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, lower acyl or substituted lower acyl.

Preferably, the variable positions in structural formulas (VIII) and (IX) are defined as follows: R ₁₀ is phenyl, tert-butoxy, -S-CH ₂ -CH-(CH ₃ ) ₂ , -S-CH( CH ₃ ) ₃ , -S-(CH ₂ ) ₃ CH ₃ , -O-CH(CH ₃ ) ₃ , -NH-CH(CH ₃ ) ₃ , -CH=C(CH ₃ ) ₂ or p-chlorophenyl ; R ₁₁ is phenyl, (CH ₃ ) ₂ CHCH ₂ -, -2-furan, cyclopropyl or p-toluoyl; R ₁₂ is -H, -OH, CH ₃ CO- or -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -N-morpholino; R ₁₃ is methyl, or R ₁₃ and R ₁₄ together are -CH ₂ -;

R ₁₄ is -H, -CH ₂ SCH ₃ or -CH ₂ -OP(O)(OH) ₂ ; R ₁₅ is CH ₃ CO-;

R ₁₆ is phenyl; R ₁₇ is -H, or R ₁₇ and R ₁₈ are together -O-CO-O-;

R ₁₈ is -H; R ₂₀ is -H or -F; R ₂₁ is -H, -C(O)-CHBr-(CH ₂ ) ₁₃ -CH ₃ or -C(O)-(CH ₂ ) ₁₄ - CH ₃ , -C(O)-CH ₂ -CH(OH)-COOH, -C(O)-CH ₂ -OC(O)-CH ₂ CH(NH ₂ )-CONH ₂ , -C(O)- _CH2 - _O - _CH2CH2OCH3 or -C(O ₎ -OC(O) _{-CH2CH3 .}

Paclitaxel analogs can also be linked to pharmaceutically acceptable polymers such as polyacrylamide. Figure 26 gives an example of this type of polymer. The term "paclitaxel analog" as used herein also includes such polymers.

The compounds of the present invention are potentiators of the anticancer activity of paclitaxel and paclitaxel analogs. When paclitaxel or its analogs are administered in combination with said compounds, they are considered to enhance the activity of paclitaxel and its analogs. Anticancer activity of substances. The degree to which the activity is increased depends on the amount of compound applied. The compounds of the present invention can be administered in combination with paclitaxel and its analogs to treat cancer patients. Such cancers include colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, renal cancer, sarcoma, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, bladder cancer and cervical cancer.

A "patient" may be a mammal, preferably a human, but may also be an animal for veterinary treatment, such as pets (e.g. dogs, cats, etc.), domestic animals (e.g. cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, etc.), and laboratory animals (e.g. large rats, mice, guinea pigs, etc.).

In order to increase the anticancer activity of paclitaxel and its analogs, an effective amount of the compound of the present invention is administered to a patient together with an effective amount of paclitaxel or its analogs. For paclitaxel or its analogs, "effective amount" refers to the amount that usually achieves the anticancer effect. For the compounds of the present invention, "effective amount" refers to an amount that can obtain better effects when administered in combination with paclitaxel or its analogs than when paclitaxel or its analogs are administered alone. The compound and paclitaxel (or paclitaxel analogue) can be administered together as components of the same pharmaceutical composition, or can also be administered together as components of independent pharmaceutical compositions. When administered as separate pharmaceutical compositions, the compound of the present invention and paclitaxel (or paclitaxel analogues) may be administered simultaneously or in divided doses to maintain the potentiating effect of the compound.

The amount of the compound and paclitaxel (or paclitaxel analogue) administered to a patient should depend on the type of disease or severity of the condition and the characteristics of the patient such as general health, age, sex, body weight and drug tolerance. It also depends on the severity and type of cancer. A skilled artisan will be able to determine appropriate dosages based on these and other factors. It is well known ^that the effective dosage of paclitaxel and its analogs is generally about 1 mg/mm ² to about 1000 mg/mm 2 per day, preferably about 10 mg/mm ² to about 500 mg/mm ² per day. The effective amount of the compound of the present invention is generally about 1 mg/mm ² to about 10 g/mm ² per day, preferably about 10 mg/mm ² to about 5 g/mm ² per day.

The compounds of the invention may be administered in any suitable form including, for example, oral capsules, suspensions or tablets or parenterally. Parenteral administration includes, for example, systemic administration such as intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous, or intraperitoneal injection. Depending on the type of cancer being treated, the compound can be administered orally (eg, through the diet), topically, by inhalation (eg, intrabronchially, intranasally, buccal inhalation or intranasal instillation), or rectally. Oral and parenteral administration are the preferred modes of administration. Suitable modes of administration of paclitaxel and its analogs are well known in the art, including parenteral administration as with the compounds of the present invention. Suitable modes of administration of paclitaxel and its analogs are well known, including other parenteral and oral administrations.

The compound of the present invention can form a pharmaceutical composition together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for treating cancer. The formulation of the compound varies according to the mode of administration (eg solution, emulsion, capsule). Suitable pharmaceutical carriers should include inert ingredients that do not react with the compound. Standard pharmaceutical formulations such as those described in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences (Mack Publishing Company, Easton, PA) can be used. Suitable pharmaceutical carriers for parenteral administration include, for example, sterile water, physiological saline, bacteriostatic saline (containing about 0.9% mg/ml benzyl alcohol), phosphate buffered saline, Hank's solution, Ringer's lactate and the like. Methods of encapsulating the composition (e.g. by encapsulating a layer of hard gelatin or cyclodextran) are well known in the art (Baker, et al., "Controlled Release of Biological Active Agents", John Wiley and Sons, 1986 ). Formulations of paclitaxel and its analogs are well known in the art.

The compounds of the present invention can be prepared according to the methods of Examples 1-12, and can also be prepared according to the co-pending U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/304318 filed on July 10, 2001 entitled "Synthesis of Taxol Enhancers". Prepared by the method described in the application. This application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but not to limit it in any way.

Example

Example 1

Preparation of N-malonyl-bis[N'-phenyl-N'-(thioacetyl)hydrazide]

A mixture of phenylhydrazine (30ml) and ethylmalonic acid (in xylene) (150ml) was heated at reflux overnight. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with ethanol to give N-malonyl-bis(N'-phenylhydrazine) as a white solid (14 g). Hydrazide (3.4g) was suspended in acetic anhydride (30ml) and cooled in an ice bath. Perchloric acid (57% in water, 3ml) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture became clear at first and then solidified rapidly. After standing at room temperature for 1 h, diethyl ether (50 ml) was added. The resulting slurry was filtered and washed with ether (2x00ml) to give the perchlorate salt as a white solid (5.7g). The perchlorate was added to acetone, and after 5 minutes a slurry was formed, which was added to Na ₂ S (0.6M aqueous solution, 90ml), stirred at room temperature, and the reaction was acidified with HCl(c) after 30 minutes to form a yellow slurry. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with water (20ml) and diethyl ether (2 x 25ml) to give N-malonyl-bis[N'-phenyl-N'-(thioacetyl)hydrazide] (3.6g) as an off-white solid. ¹ H NMR (DMSO-d ₆ ): 11.5 (m, 2H); 7.5 (m, 10H); 3.2 (m, 2H); 2.6 (s, 3H); 2.5 (s, 3H). Calculated MS (400.1) ; Found 423.1 (M+Na) ⁺ .

Example 2

Preparation of Thiocyclohexanoic Acid N-Phenylhydrazide

Phenylhydrazine (5.4g, 50mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (50ml) and charged into a 250ml round bottom flask. Then di-tert-3-butyl sodium bicarbonate (10.9 g, 50 mmol) was added and stirred at 0°C. The resulting solution was then stirred at reflux for 3 h. The volatile components were removed by reduced pressure to give a colorless solid which was then washed with hexane and dried in vacuo. 10 g (yield 96%) of a colorless solid product was obtained, which was used in subsequent reactions without further purification. Take 2.5g (12mmol) and dissolve it in anhydrous pyridine (5ml). Cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride (2.0ml, 15mmol) was then added slowly at 0°C. The resulting red solution was stirred at 0° C. for half an hour, and the resulting yellow suspension was stirred at room temperature for 3 h, then poured into a mixture of ice and water (100 ml). The precipitate was collected by filtration and washed thoroughly with water. Recrystallization with EtOH/H ₂ O then gave 3.63 g (95%) of white powder of N-phenyl-N-cyclohexyl-N'-tert-butoxycarbonyl hydrazide; mp 141-143°C; ¹ H NMR ( CDCl ₃ ) 0.9-2.3 (m, 11H), 1.4 (s, 9H), 6.9 (br, 1H), 7.4 (m, 5H) ppm.

To a solution of N-phenyl-N-cyclohexyl-N'-tert-butoxycarbonylhydrazide (1.1 g, 3.46 mmol) in dichloromethane (6 ml) was added trifluoroacetic acid (6 ml) at 0°C. The resulting solution was stirred at 0 °C for half an hour. The volatile components were removed under reduced pressure to give a slurry which slowly solidified to a solid; this was mixed briefly with cold 2N NaOH (5ml) at 0°C for a few minutes. The solid product was collected by filtration and recrystallized from ethane to give a white powder of cyclohexanoic acid N-phenylhydrazide (0.6 g, 80% yield); ¹ H NMR (DMSO-d ₆ ): 0.8-3.2 (m, 1H ); 5.3 (s, 2H); 7.0-7.7 (m, 5H). EMS calculated (C ₁₃ H ₁₈ N ₂ O): 218.3; found 241.1 (M+Na) ⁺ .

A mixture of cyclohexanoic acid N-phenylhydrazide (0.25g, 15gmmol) and Lawesson's reagent (0.46g, 1.15mmol) was stirred at reflux in anhydrous toluene (20ml) for 1h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was filtered through a short silica gel cartridge (5 g) pretreated with benzene. Removal of benzene afforded a solid crude product, which was then subjected to column chromatography on silica gel, eluting with hexane/EtOAc (4:1 v/v). This gave 0.15 g (60%) of thiocyclohexanoic acid N-phenylhydrazide as an off-white solid. ¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ ) δ0.8-2.4 (m, 11H), 5.65 (br, 1H), 7.1-7.6 (m, 5H); calculated ESMS (C ₁₃ H ₁₈ N ₂ S): 234.1; found 235.1 (M+H) ⁺ .

Example 3

After stirring cyclohexanoic acid N-phenylhydrazide (0.1 g, 0.45 mmol) in anhydrous benzene (5 ml), P ₂ S ₅ (0.2 g, 0.45 mol) was added. The resulting suspension was heated to reflux for 6h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with benzene (5ml), filtered through a short silica gel plug (2g), washed with benzene and 2:1 hexane/EtOAc (both 15ml). The filtrate and washings were combined and concentrated to obtain a solid. Crystallization from hexane gave the intermediate thiocyclohexanoic acid N-phenylhydrazide as a milky white solid. ¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ ) 0.8-2.4 (m, 11H), 5.65 (br, 1H), 7.1-7.6 (m, 5H); calculated ESMS (C ₁₃ H ₁₈ N ₂ S): 234.1; found 235.1 (M +H) ⁺ .

Example 4

Cyclopropyl bromide (4.8 g, 40 mmol) was added into 50 ml of anhydrous THF solution containing magnesium powder (1.1 g, 45 mmol), stirred for 30 minutes, and then refluxed for 30 minutes. After cooling, the clear reaction solution was added to carbon disulfide (4ml, 67mmol) at 0°C, and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The resulting mixture was then added to methylhydrazine (8ml, 150mmol) at 0°C and stirred for another 2 hours. To this solution was added water (40ml) and extracted with EtOAc (60ml x 3). Concentrate the organic solvent to a minimum volume, and then use silica gel column chromatography (1:1 ethyl acetate: hexane; ethyl acetate) to obtain thiocyclopropylcarboxylic acid N ¹ -methylhydrazide (2.8 g, 55% ). ¹ H NMR (300MHz, CDCl ₃ ): 5.21 (br., 2H), 3.62 (s, 3H), 1.91 (m, 1H), 1.25 (m, 2H), 0.98 (m, 2H); calculated ESMS (C ₅ H ₁₀ N ₂ S): 130.1; found 131.1 (M+H) ⁺ . Malonyl chloride EtOAc solution (1.6 g, 11 mmol, 4 ml) was added to a hydrazide EtOAc solution (2.8 g, 22 mmol, 40 ml) containing TEA (2.2 g, 22 mmol) at 0° C., and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes, Then 20ml of water was added to terminate the reaction, and then the EtOAc layer was washed twice with water (20ml×2). The EtOAc solution was concentrated to the minimum volume, and SBR-11-5685 (2.1 g, 60% yield) was obtained by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: 1:1-1:2 hexane:ethyl acetate). ¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): 10.01-8.95 (m, 2H), 3.78-3.41 (m, 6H), 2.34-0.82 (m, 10H). _ESMS calculated _{( C13H20N4O2S2} ): 328.1; _found 327 ( _MH ) ⁺ .

Preparation of Example 5-2-methylmalonyl-bis(2-amino-2,3-dihydro-isoindole-1-thione)

2-p-Carboxybenzaldehyde (150 mg, 1 mmol) and carbazic acid (132 mg, 1 mmol) were stirred in 40 ml of methanol at room temperature for 4 h. Pd/C (60mg, containing 50% water) was added to this solution and reacted under hydrogen for 3h. The reaction mixture was filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residual product was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluent: 20% to 50%, EtOAc in hexanes) to give 50 mg of product. ¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 8.71-7.45 (m, 4H), 4.78 (s, 2H), 1.61 (s, 9H). The product was dissolved in _CF3COOH (5ml) and stirred for 30 minutes. _CF3COOH was evaporated and the residual product was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluent: 50% to 0%, hexane in EtOAc) to give 2-amino-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one (26 mg) of a white solid. ¹ H NMR (300MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ7.85-7.39 (m, 4H), 4.54 (s, 2H). MS: 149 (M+H). Carrying out Lawesson's thiolation reaction and DCC coupling reaction with 2-methylmalonic acid under the aforementioned conditions gave 2-methylmalonyl-bis(2-amino-2,3-dihydro-isoindole-1 - Thione). ¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ ) δ10.35 (s, 2H), 8.21-7.51 (m, 8H), 5.15 (s, 4H), 1.62 (s, 3H); calculated ESMS (C ₂₀ H ₁₈ N ₄ O ₂ S ₂ ): 410.09; found 411.1 (M+H).

Example 6. The compound shown in the figure below was prepared by the aforementioned steps. The analytical data are listed below.

¹ H NMR (DMSO-d ₆ ): δ0.9-1.8 (m, 22H), 3.1-3.5 (m, 2H), 7.2-7.6 (m, 10H), 11.1-11.7 (ms, 2H) ppm; calculated ESMS ( _C29H36N4O2S2 ) _: 536.3; _{found 537.3} ( _MH ) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ ): δ3.6-3.4 (m, 8H), 2.7-2.5 (m, 6H); ESMS calculated for C ₉ H ₁₆ N ₄ O ₂ S ₂ : 276.1; Found: 274.9 (MH) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ ): δ2.63 (s, 2H); 2.18 (s, 6H); 1.25 (s, 18H); MS calculated for C ₁₅ H ₂₈ N ₄ O ₂ S ₂ : 360.2; Found: 381.1 (M+Na) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ ): δ7.3(m, 10H); 3.2(m, 2H); 2.45(t, J=7.4Hz, 4H); 2.21(t, J=7.4Hz, 4H); 1.90( m, 8H), MS _calcd . _{for C25H28N4O6S2} : _544.15 ; found: 567.2 (M+Na) ₊ ^.

¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ ): δ7.8-7.4(br s, 8H), 3.75-3.5(m, 2H), 3.95-3.8(m, 4H), 2.58(s, 6H), 1.4(m, 6H ). _{ESMS calcd. for C23H28N4O2S2 : 456.2 ;} found: _479.2 (M+Na).

¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ ): δ8.3-8.05 (m, 4H), 7.75 (t, J=8.0Hz, 2H), 7.1 (br s, 2H), 3.74 (s, 2H), 2.38 (s, 6H) _{. ESMS calculated for C17H18N6O2S2} : 402.1; found: 403.1 (M+H) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ ): δ7.38 (m, 10H), 2.40 (s, 6H), 1.5-1.6 (6H); ESMS calculated for C ₂₁ H ₂₄ N ₄ O ₂ S ₂ : 564.1; Found: 565.2 (M+H) ⁺ .

The synthetic method is the same as 4783, with oxalyl chloride instead of malonyl dichloride. ¹ H NMR (300MHz, DMSO): δ11.95 (S, 2H), 7.48-7.07 (M, 10H), 3.52 (s, 6H); ESMS calculated (C ₁₈ H ₁₈ N ₄ O ₂ S ₂ ): 386.09 ; Measured: 387 (M+H) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 9.66-8.83 (m, 2H), 3.73-3.23 (m, 6H), 2.10-1.20 (m, 20H). ESMS calculated ( _C15H28N4O2S2 ⁾ : _360.17 ; found: 359 ( _MH ) _{+ .}

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 3.66-3.42 (m, 6H), 2.84-2.58 (m, 4H), 1.40-1.19 (m, 6H). ESMS calculated (C ₁₁ H ₂₀ N ₄ O ₂ S ₂ ): 304.10; found: 303 (MH) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 4.15-3.40 (m, 6H), 2.00-1.01 (m, 14H). ESMS calculated ( _C14H22N4O2S2 ): _342.12 ; found: 341 ( _{MH )} ⁺ _.

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 3.90-3.18 (m, 6H), 2.11-0.91 (m, 10H). ESMS calculated (C ₁₂ H ₁₈ N ₄ O ₂ S ₂ ): 314.09; found: 313 (MH) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 10.08-9.01 (m, 2H), 3.68-3.20 (m, 6H), 2.59-1.12 (m, 16H). ESMS _calculated ( _C15H24N4O2S2 ): _356.13 ; found: ₃₅₅ ( _MH ) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ10.22-9.41 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.20 (m, 5H), 3.82-3.02 (m, 6H), 2.38-0.82 (m, 7H). ESMS _calculated ( _C16H20N4O2S2 ): _364.10 ; found: ₃₆₃ ( _MH ) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 10.03-9.02 (m, 2H), 3.71-3.42 (m, 6H), 2.80-0.81 (m, 16H). _ESMS calculated ( _C13H24N4O2S2 ): _332.13 ; found: ₃₃₁ ( _MH ) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 3.78-3.08 (m, 6H), 1.90-0.81 (m, 14H). ESMS _calculated ( _C15H24N4O2S2 ): _356.13 ; found: ₃₅₅ ( _MH ) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 10.00-8.79 (m, 2H), 3.65-3.07 (m, 6H), 2.79-1.08 (m, 24H). ESMS _calculated ( _C19H32N4O2S2 ): _412.20 ; found: ₄₁₁ ( _MH ) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ9.79 (br, 6H), 3.79-3.41 (m, 6H), 1.60-0.74 (m, 18H). ESMS _calculated ( _C15H24N4O2S2 ): _356.13 ; found: ₃₅₅ ( _MH ) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 10.03-9.14 (m, 2H), 4.21-3.39 (m, 4H), 2.20-0.76 (m, 18H). ESMS _calculated ( _C15H24N4O2S2 ): _356.13 ; found: ₃₅₅ ( _MH ) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 7.57 (br, 2H), 3.72 (s, 6H), 2.95 (m, 6H), 1.96-0.81 (m, 10H). ESMS calculated (C ₂₁ H ₃₆ N ₄ O ₂ S ₂ ): 440.13; found: 439 (MH) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 10.09-8.95 (m, 2H), 3.78-3.05 (m, 6H), 2.04-1.22 (m, 20H). ESMS calculated ( _C17H28N4O2S2 ⁾ : _384.17 ; found: 383 ( _MH ) _{+ .}

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ 10.09-8.51 (m, 2H), 7.41-7.01 (m, 10H), 3.62-3.02 (m, 6H), 1.78-1.03 (m, 10H). ESMS calculated ( _C25H28N4O2S2 ): _480.17 ; found _{: 479} ( _MH ) ⁺ .

¹ H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl ₃ ): δ10.09-8.81 (m, 2H), 7.51-7.11 (m, 10H), 3.80-3.06 (m, 6H), 2.92-1.53 (m, 10H). ESMS calculated ( _C25H28N4O2S2 ): _480.17 ; found _{: 479} ( _MH ) ⁺ .

Example 7

Compound (1) enhances the anticancer activity of panitexi in vivo (human xenograft model: human breast cancer MDA-435 in nude mice)

General steps in in vivo anticancer research

Anticancer enhancement of novel compounds in vivo was studied using tumor growth inhibition assays on mouse tumors. Tumor cells were implanted by subcutaneous injection of tumor cell suspension into the flank of mice. After the tumor has grown to a size (approximately 150 mm ³ in volume), the tumor can be treated with the experimental compound and Panitexil. Compounds and panitesi were administered in four ways and animals were given multiple injections at the administration sites. Tumor testing was performed twice a week. During the course of the test, the animals were monitored daily for signs of danger, including weight loss.

Concrete steps of MDA-435 (human breast cancer) anti-tumor research

50% DMEM/Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (high glucose), 50% RPMI 1640, 10% FBS/fetal bovine serum (hybridoma tested; filter sterilized), 1% L-glutamine, 1% penicillin - Streptomycin, 1% MEM sodium pyruvate and 1% MEM non-essential amino acids prepare supplemented medium. FBS was obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. and other reagents were obtained from Invitrogen Life Technologies, USA. Warm the supplemented medium to 37°C and add 50ml to a ^175cm2 tissue culture flask.

The cells used in the assay were MDA-435 human breast cancer cells from the American Type Culture Collection. Take a vial of MDA-435 cells frozen in liquid nitrogen, put them in a 37°C water bath immediately, and swirl gently until thawed. The frozen bottle was washed with 70% ethanol and the cells were immediately pipetted into a 175 ^cm2 tissue culture flask containing supplemented medium. Cells were incubated overnight, and the medium was discarded and replaced with fresh supplemental medium the next day. Cultivate until the cells in the flask are 90% confluent. It will take about 5-7 days.

The flasks were washed with 10 ml of sterile room temperature phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The cells in the flask were trypsinized by adding 5 ml of incubating trypsin-EDTA (Invitrogen). The cells were then incubated at 37°C for 2-3 minutes until the cells began to dissociate from the flask surface. An equal volume of supplemental medium (5 ml) was added to the culture flask. All cells were collected in a 50ml test tube and centrifuged at 1000rpm at 20°C for 5 minutes. Aspirate the supernatant, resuspend the cell pellet in 10ml of supplemented medium, and count. 1-3 million cells/flask were plated in 5-7 tissue culture flasks (175 cm ² ). Each flask contained 50ml of supplemental medium. Cells were cultured until the flasks were 90% confluent. Cell transfers were repeated until sufficient cells were available for tumor engraftment.

Following the above trypsinization and centrifugation steps, the supernatant was aspirated and the cell pellet was resuspended in 10 ml sterile PBS for cell counting. Cells were centrifuged and resuspended with an appropriate volume of sterile PBS to inject an appropriate number of cells for tumor transplantation. For MDA-435, 100 million cells were resuspended in 2.0 ml sterile PBS to make a final concentration of 50 million cells/ml, and each mouse was injected with 0.1 ml or 5 million cells.

Mice (CD-1 nu/nu) were obtained from Charles River Laboratories: Term: Crl: CD-1-nuBR, Age: 6-8 weeks. Mice were allowed to acclimatize for 1 week before performing experiments.

MDA-435 tumor cell suspension transplanted into the fat body of female CD-1 nu/nu mice. This fat body is in the viscera of the flank of the mouse. Tumor cells were implanted subcutaneously into the fat body in the right quarter of the abdomen at the junction of the hipbone (pelvis) and femur (thighbone). 5 million MDA-435 cells contained in 0.1 ml sterile PBS were injected with a 27G (1/2 inch) needle. MDA-435 tumors can develop 2-3 weeks after transplantation.

Compound stock solutions were prepared by dissolving the compounds in a 50:50 mixture of EtOH and Cremophor EL (polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil, BASF, Germany). This stock solution of 50% EtOH/50% CrEL was sonicated in an ultrasonic water bath until all powder was dissolved.

Preparation of dosing solutions for compound administration: Compound stock solutions were diluted 1:10 with D5W (5% dextrose in water, Abbott Laboratories, USA). 1) 0.2ml of 25mg/ml compound stock solution was diluted with 1.8ml of 100% D5W to obtain 2.0ml of 2.5mg/ml metered solution of compound (1); 2) 0.2ml containing 25mg/ml Compound (1) was mixed with a 50% EtOH/50% CrEL stock solution of 15 mg/ml Panitesi and 1.8 ml of a 100% D5W solution to obtain a solution containing 1.5 mg/ml Panitesi (obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. ) and a metered solution of 2.5 mg/ml compound (1). The composition of the final metering solution was 5% EtOH, 5% CrEL, 4.5% dextrose, and 85.5% water.

The dose solution (metered volume: 0.01 ml/gram = 10 ml/kg) was administered intravenously to mice bearing MDA-435 human breast cancer tumors.

experiment record

Mice: CD-1 nu/nu females (n=5/group)

Tumor: MDA-435 (human breast cancer)

Transplantation: 5 x 10 ⁶ cells/mouse

Ingredients: 5% Cremophor EL, 5% ethanol, 4.5% dextrose in water

Mode of administration: rapid intravenous injection

Dosage distribution: x4 per week Group Medication (Dosage) 1 carrier only 2 Panitesi (15mg/kg) 3 Compound (1) (25mg/kg) 4 Panitexi (15mg/kg) + compound (1) (25mg/kg)

result

Figure 1 shows the effect of compound (1) on enhancing the antitumor activity of Panitexi (paclitaxel). As shown in Fig. 1, compound (1) significantly enhanced the antitumor activity of panitexil against human breast cancer MDA-435 in nude mice. Figure 2 shows the effect of compound (1) and panitexi on body weight in human breast cancer with MDA-435. As shown in Figure 2, compound (1) significantly enhanced the antitumor activity of Panitexil without increasing toxicity.

The present invention is described through preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art should understand that changes in form and details do not depart from the scope of the present invention, and are all included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (34)

1. A compound represented by the following structural formula:

or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: Y is a covalent bond or Y is -(CH ₂ ) _x -, x is a positive integer from 1 to 10, wherein one or more methylene groups can be replaced by -CR ₇ R ₈ -; R ₁ is an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, a non-aromatic heterocyclic group, or a substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group; R ₂ -R ₄ are independently -H, aliphatic, substituted aliphatic, non-aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group, aryl or substituted aryl, or R ₁ and R ₃ together with the carbon atom and nitrogen atom connected to it, and/or R ₂ and R ₄ together with the carbon atom and nitrogen atom connected to it, form a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring, and optionally, with a aromatic ring fusion; R ₅ -R ₆ are independently -H, aliphatic or substituted aliphatic, aryl or substituted aryl; and Z is =O or =S; in Each aliphatic group is a straight-chain, branched or cyclic non-aromatic heterocyclic group that is fully saturated or includes one or more unsaturated units; Each non-aromatic heterocycle is a non-aromatic carbocycle comprising one or more heteroatoms in the ring; each aryl group includes a carbocyclic aromatic group; The substituents of substituted aryl and non-aromatic heterocyclic groups are independently selected from -OH, -Br, -Cl, -I and -F, -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -COR ^a , -CN , -NO ₂ , -COOH, -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a ,-NH-C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ),-NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ ,-NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a ,-NH-C(= NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N( R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHN(R ^a R ^b ), -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CR ^{aR b} , -CR ^c =CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C (=NH) -H ₂ and an aliphatic group; and The substituents of the substituted aliphatic group are independently selected from -OH, -Br, -Cl, -I, -F, -ORa ^, -O ^- CORa, -CORa ^, -CN, _-NO2 , - COOH, -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C (=NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C( =NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-N( R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ ,-NHNHR ^a ,-NHR ^a R ^b ,-SO ₂ NH ₂ ,-SO ₂ NHR ^a ,-SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b ,-CHCHR ^a ,-CH=CR ^a R ^b ,-CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a , -NH-C(-NH)-NH ₂ , non-aromatic heterocycle, benzyl radical and aryl; and R ^a -R ^d are independently alkyl, benzyl or aryl groups; or, -N(R ^a R ^b ) together form a non-aromatic heterocyclic group; k is 0, 1 or 2; R ₇ and R ₈ are independently -H, an aliphatic group or R ₇ is -H, and R ₈ is an aryl group, or R ₇ and R ₈ are together a C2-C6 alkylene group; It is provided that, when Y is _-CH2- , _R3 and _R4 are both phenyl and _R5 - _R6 are all -H, neither _R1 nor _R2 is methyl. 2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein said compound is represented by the following structural formula:

wherein Y" is a covalent bond or _-CH2- . 3. The compound according to claim 2, wherein R _{and R} are both lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl, wherein: Lower alkyl is C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl, or C3-C8 cyclic alkyl; and The substituents of the substituted alkyl are independently selected from -OH, halogen, -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -COR ^a , -CN, -NO ₂ , -COOH, -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH )-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )- N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ),- NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ),-NR ^d -C(= NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHN(R ^a R ^b ) , -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c ＝CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c ＝CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C(=NH)-H ₂ and non-aromatic heterocycle, benzyl and aryl. 4. The compound according to claim 3, wherein _R3 and _R4 are both methyl or ethyl. 5. The compound according to claim 4, wherein R _{and R} are both substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic groups, and the substituents are as defined in claim 1. 6. The compound according to claim 5, wherein R _{and R} are both substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic groups, and the substituents are as defined in claim 1. 7. The compound according to claim 2, wherein R _{and R} are both lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl, wherein: Lower alkyl is C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl, or C3-C8 cyclic alkyl; and The substituents of the substituted alkyl are independently selected from -OH, halogen, -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -COR ^a , -CN, -NO ₂ , -COOH, -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH )-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )- N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ),- NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ),-NR ^d -C(= NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHN(R ^a R ^b ) , -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c ＝CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c ＝CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C(=NH)-H ₂ and non-aromatic heterocycle, benzyl and aryl. 8. The compound according to claim 7, wherein R and R are both _1- methylcyclopropyl, ₂ -methylcyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. 9. The compound according to claim 7, wherein R ₁ and R ₂ are both C3-C8 cycloalkyl groups substituted by at least one lower alkyl group. 10. The compound according to claim 1, wherein said compound is represented by the following structural formula: where Y' is a covalent bond or -CR ₇ R ₈ -; and in: R ₇ and R ₈ are independently -H, an aliphatic group or R ₇ is -H, and R ₈ is an aryl group, or R ₇ and R ₈ are together a C2-C6 alkylene group; aliphatic, aromatic The definition of the substituent of group and alkylene is as described in claim 1. 11. _The compound according to claim 10, wherein R _and R are lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl, and the substituents are as defined in claim 1; R _{and R} are methyl, B Base, phenyl or thienyl; and R ₇ is -H, R ₈ is lower alkyl, phenyl, thienyl or benzyl, wherein lower alkyl is C1-C20 straight chain or branched alkyl, or C3-C8 cyclic alkyl; and The substituents of the substituted alkyl are independently selected from -OH, Br, -Cl, -I and -F, -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -COR ^a , -CN, -NO ₂ , -COOH, -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NH) -NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NH)- N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d - C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a ,-NHN(R ^a R ^b ),-SO ₂ NH ₂ ,-SO ₂ NHR ^a ,-SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b ,-CH=CHR ^a ,-CH=CR ^a R ^b ,-CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C(=NH)-H ₂ and non-aromatic heterocycles, benzyl and aryl. 12. A compound represented by the following structural formula: where Y' is a covalent bond or -CR ₇ R ₈ -, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: a) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; b) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both ethyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; c) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ is methyl; R ₈ is -H; d) R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; e) R ₁ and R ₂ are both 2-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl groups; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; f) R ₁ and R ₂ are both 2-phenylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; g) R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-phenylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; h) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclobutyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; i) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopentyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; j) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclohexyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; k) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclohexyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; l) R ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl groups; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl groups; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; m) R ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both tert-butyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; n) R ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl groups; R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl groups; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; o) R ₁ and R ₂ are both tert-butyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; p) _R1 and _R2 are both ethyl; _R3 and _R4 are both methyl; _R7 and _R8 are both -H; or q) R ₁ and R ₂ are both n-propyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H. 13. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the aryl group is selected from phenyl, naphthyl and anthracenyl, and the heterocyclic group is selected from imidazolyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyranyl, pyrazole base, pyrrolyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl and tetrazole. 14. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent and a compound represented by the following structural formula: or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: Y is a covalent bond or Y is -(CH ₂ ) _x -, x is a positive integer from 1 to 10, wherein one or more methylene groups can be replaced by -CR ₇ R ₈ -; R ₁ is an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, a non-aromatic heterocyclic group, or a substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group; R ₂ -R ₄ are independently -H, aliphatic, substituted aliphatic, non-aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group, aryl or substituted aryl, or R ₁ and R ₃ together with the carbon atom and nitrogen atom connected to it, and/or R ₂ and R ₄ together with the carbon atom and nitrogen atom connected to it, form a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring, and optionally, with a aromatic ring fusion; R ₅ -R ₆ are independently -H, aliphatic or substituted aliphatic, aryl or substituted aryl; and Z is =O or =S; in Each aliphatic group is a straight-chain, branched or cyclic non-aromatic heterocyclic group that is fully saturated or includes one or more unsaturated units; Each non-aromatic heterocycle is a non-aromatic carbocycle comprising one or more heteroatoms in the ring; each aryl group includes a carbocyclic aromatic group; The substituents of substituted aryl and non-aromatic heterocyclic groups are independently selected from -OH, -Br, -Cl, -I and -F, -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -COR ^a , -CN , -NO ₂ , -COOH, -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=-NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C( =NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N (R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHN(R ^a R ^b ), -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH= CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C (=NH )-H ₂ and an aliphatic group; and Substituents substituted for aliphatic groups are independently selected from -OH, -Br, -Cl, -I, -F, ^-ORa , -O-CORa, ^{-CORa ,} -CN, _-NO2 , -COOH , -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C( =NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c ) -NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(= NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), - NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHR ^a R ^b , -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a , -NH-C(-NH)-NH ₂ , non-aromatic heterocycle, benzyl and aryl; and R ^a -R ^d are independently alkyl, benzyl or aryl groups; or, -N(R ^a R ^b ) together form a non-aromatic heterocyclic group; k is 0, 1 or 2; R ₇ and R ₈ are independently -H, an aliphatic group or R ₇ is -H, and R ₈ is an aryl group, or R ₇ and R ₈ are together a C2-C6 alkylene group; The premise is that when Y is _-CH2- , _R3 and _R4 are both phenyl and _R5 - _R6 are all -H, _R1 and _R2 are not both methyl. 15. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 14, wherein said compound is represented by the following structural formula:

wherein Y" is a covalent bond or _-CH2- . 16. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 15, wherein R _and R are _both lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl, wherein Lower alkyl is C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl, or C3-C8 cyclic alkyl; and The substituents of the substituted alkyl are independently selected from -OH, halogen, -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -COR ^a , -CN, -NO ₂ , -COOH, -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH )-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )- N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ),- NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ),-NR ^d -C(= NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHN(R ^a R ^b ) , -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c ＝CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c ＝CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C(=NH)-H ₂ and non-aromatic heterocycle, benzyl and aryl. 17. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 16, wherein both _R1 and _R2 are aliphatic groups or substituted aliphatic groups, and the substituents are as defined in claim 14. 18. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 16, wherein R ₁ and R ₂ are C3-C8 cycloaliphatic groups or substituted C3-C8 cycloaliphatic groups, the substituents of which are as defined in claim 14. 19. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 16, wherein R _and R are _both a C3-C8 cycloaliphatic group or a substituted C3-C8 cycloaliphatic group, and the substituents are as defined in claim 14 . 20. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 14, wherein said compound is represented by the following structural formula: wherein Y' is a covalent bond or -CR ₇ R ₈ -. 21. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 20, wherein R and R are _both aliphatic or substituted aliphatic _, R _{and R} are both lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl, wherein Lower alkyl is C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl, or C3-C8 cyclic alkyl; and The substituents of the substituted alkyl are independently selected from -OH, halogen, -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -COR ^a , -CN, -NO ₂ , -COOH, -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH )-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )- N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ),- NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ),-NR ^d -C(= NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHN(R ^a R ^b ) , -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c ＝CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c ＝CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C(=NH)-H ₂ and non-aromatic heterocycle, benzyl and aryl. 22. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 20, wherein R _and R are _both a C3-C8 cycloaliphatic group or a substituted C3-C8 cycloaliphatic group, and the substituents are as defined in claim 14 , _R3 and _R4 are both methyl, ethyl, phenyl or thienyl. 23. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 22, wherein R ₇ and R ₈ are both methyl, or R ₇ and R ₈ together are propylene or butylene, or, wherein R ₇ is -H, R ₈ is lower Alkyl, thienyl, phenyl or benzyl. 24. The compound according to claim 14, wherein the aryl group is selected from phenyl, naphthyl and anthracenyl, and the heterocyclic group is selected from imidazolyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyranyl, pyrazole base, pyrrolyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl and tetrazole. 25. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent and a compound represented by the following structural formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: Y' is a covalent bond or -CR ₇ R ₈ -; R ₁ and R ₂ are both substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic groups; R ₃ and R ₄ are both -H, methyl or ethyl; R ₇ is -H, R ₈ is -H or methyl; The substituents of the substituted aliphatic groups are independently selected from -OH, -Br, -Cl, -I and -F, -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -COR ^a , -CN, -NO ₂ , -COOH, _-SO3H , _-NH2 , -NHRa, -N ^{( RaRb} ), -COORa ^, -CHO, _-CONH2 ^, -CONHRa ^, -CON ⁽ RaRb ⁾ , -NHCORa ^, -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(= NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )- NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NH )-N(R ^a R ^b ),-NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ ,-NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a ,-NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , - NHNHR ^a , -NHN(R ^a R ^b ), -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c = CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C(=NH)-H ₂ , non-aromatic hetero Cyclic groups, benzyl, aryl; and The R ^a -R ^d are independently alkyl, benzyl or aryl groups; or, -N(R ^a R ^b ) together constitute a non-aromatic heterocyclic group; and k is 0,1 or 2. 26. A pharmaceutical composition represented by the following structural formula: where Y' is a covalent bond or -CR ₇ R ₈ -, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: aR ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; bR ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both ethyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; cR ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ is methyl; R ₈ is -H; dR ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; eR ₁ and R ₂ are both 2-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl groups; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; fR ₁ and R ₂ are both 2-phenylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; gR ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-phenylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; hR ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclobutyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; iR ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopentyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; jR ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclohexyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; kR ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclohexyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; lR ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; Both mR ₁ and R ₂ are methyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both tert-butyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; nR ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; oR ₁ and R ₂ are both tert-butyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; pR ₁ and R ₂ are ethyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; or q R ₁ and R ₂ are both n-propyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H. 27. The compound represented by the following structural formula is used in the preparation of drugs that enhance the anticancer activity of paclitaxel or paclitaxel analogs:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: Y is a covalent bond or Y is -(CH ₂ ) _x -, x is a positive integer from 1 to 10, wherein one or more methylene groups can be replaced by -CR ₇ R ₈ -; R ₁ is an aliphatic group, a substituted aliphatic group, a non-aromatic heterocyclic group, or a substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group; R ₂ -R ₄ are independently -H, aliphatic, substituted aliphatic, non-aromatic heterocyclic group, substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group, aryl or substituted aryl, or R ₁ and R ₃ together with the carbon atom and nitrogen atom connected to it, and/or R ₂ and R ₄ together with the carbon atom and nitrogen atom connected to it, form a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring, and optionally, with a aromatic ring fusion; R ₅ -R ₆ are independently -H, aliphatic or substituted aliphatic, aryl or substituted aryl; and Z is =O or =S; in Each aliphatic group is a straight-chain, branched or cyclic non-aromatic heterocyclic group that is fully saturated or includes one or more unsaturated units; Each non-aromatic heterocycle is a non-aromatic carbocycle comprising one or more heteroatoms in the ring; each aryl group includes a carbocyclic aromatic group; The substituents of substituted aryl and non-aromatic heterocyclic groups are independently selected from -OH, -Br, -Cl, -I and -F, -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -COR ^a , -CN , -NO ₂ , -COOH, -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a ,-NH-C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ),-NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ ,-NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a ,-NH-C(= NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N( R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHN(R ^a R ^b ), -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C (=NH) -H ₂ and an aliphatic group; and Substituents substituted for aliphatic groups are independently selected from -OH, -Br, -Cl, -I, -F, ^-ORa , -O-CORa, ^{-CORa ,} -CN, _-NO2 , -COOH , -SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C( =NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c ) -NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(= NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), - NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHR ^a R ^b , -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a , -NH-C(-NH)-NH ₂ , non-aromatic heterocycle, benzyl and aryl; and R ^a -R ^d are independently alkyl, benzyl or aryl groups; or, -N(R ^a R ^b ) together form a non-aromatic heterocyclic group; k is 0, 1 or 2; R ₇ and R ₈ are independently -H, an aliphatic group or R ₇ is -H, and R ₈ is an aryl group, or R ₇ and R ₈ are together a C2-C6 alkylene group; The premise is that when Y is _-CH2- , _R3 and _R4 are both phenyl and _R5 - _R6 are all -H, _R1 and _R2 are not both methyl. 28. The application according to claim 27, wherein the paclitaxel analog is represented by any one of the following structural formulas:

Wherein the paclitaxel analog is N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide, methacryloylglycine-2-hydroxypropylamine and [2aR[2α, 4β, 4β, 6β, 9α(2R, 3S), 11β, 12α, 12α, 12α]]-6,12b-Diacetoxy-9[3-benzamido-2-(methacryloyl-glycyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl. Glycyloxy)-3-phenylpropionyloxy]-12-benzoyl-4,11-dihydroxy-4a,8,13,13-tetramethyl-2a,3,4,4a, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 12a, 12b-dodecahydro-1H-7, 11-methylenearadeca[3,4]phenyl[1,2-b]ethoxy-5 - Keto or Taxotere. 29. The use according to claim 27, wherein said compound is represented by the following structural formula:

wherein Y' is a covalent bond or -CR ₇ R ₈ -, wherein R ₇ is -H, and R ₈ is lower alkyl, phenyl, thienyl or benzyl. 30. The application according to claim 29, wherein R _and R are _all aliphatic or substituted aliphatic, R and _R are all lower alkyl or substituted lower alkyl, wherein the lower _alkyl is C1 -C20 linear or branched alkyl, or C3-C8 cyclic alkyl; and The substituents of the substituted alkyl are independently selected from -OH, -Br, -Cl, -I, -F, ^-ORa , -O-CORa, ^{-CORa ,} -CN, _-NO2 , -COOH, - SO ₃ H, -NH ₂ , -NHR ^a , -N(R ^a R ^b ), -COOR ^a , -CHO, -CONH ₂ , -CONHR ^a , -CON(R ^a R ^b ), -NHCOR ^a , - NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NH )-NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NH) -N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , -NHNHR ^a , -NHN(R ^a R ^b ), -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C(=NH)-H ₂ and non-aromatic heterocycle , benzyl and aryl. 31. The application according to claim 29, wherein R _and R are _all substituted or unsubstituted C3-C8 cycloaliphatic groups, R and R are _all methyl, ethyl _, phenyl or thienyl . 32. The compound according to claim 27, wherein the aryl group is selected from phenyl, naphthyl and anthracenyl, and the heterocyclic group is selected from imidazolyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyranyl, pyrazole base, pyrrolyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl and tetrazole. 33. The application of the compound represented by the following structural formula in the preparation of drugs that enhance the anticancer activity of paclitaxel or paclitaxel analogs:

or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: Y' is a covalent bond or -CR ₇ R ₈ -; R ₁ and R ₂ are both substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic groups; R ₃ and R ₄ are both -H, methyl or ethyl; R ₇ is -H, R ₈ is -H or methyl; The substituents of the substituted aliphatic groups are independently selected from -OH, -Br, -Cl, -I and -F, -OR ^a , -O-COR ^a , -COR ^a , -CN, -NO ₂ , -COOH, _-SO3H , _-NH2 , -NHRa, -N ^{( RaRb} ), -COORa ^, -CHO, _-CONH2 ^, -CONHRa ^, -CON ⁽ RaRb ⁾ , -NHCORa ^, -NRCOR ^a , -NHCONH ₂ , -NHCONR ^a H, -NHCON(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^c CONH ₂ , -NR ^c CONR ^a H, -NR ^c CON(R ^a R ^b ), -C(= NH)-NH ₂ , -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -C(=NR ^c )- NHR ^a , -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NH-C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NH-C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NH-C(=NH )-N(R ^a R ^b ),-NH-C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ ,-NH-C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a ,-NH-C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NH)-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NH ₂ , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-NHR ^a , -NR ^d -C(=NR ^c )-N(R ^a R ^b ), -NHNH ₂ , - NHNHR ^a , -NHN(R ^a R ^b ), -SO ₂ NH ₂ , -SO ₂ NHR ^a , -SO ₂ NR ^a R ^b , -CH=CHR ^a , -CH=CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c = CR ^a R ^b , -CR ^c =CHR ^a , -CR ^c =CR ^a R ^b , -CCR ^a , -SH, -SO _k R ^a and -NH-C(=NH)-H ₂ , non-aromatic hetero ring groups, phenyl and aryl groups; and The R ^a -R ^d are independently alkyl, benzyl or aryl groups; or -N(R ^a R ^b ) together form a non-aromatic heterocyclic group; and k is 0, 1 and 2; The premise is that when Y is _-CH2- , _R3 and _R4 are both phenyl and _R5 - _R6 are all -H, _R1 and _R2 are not both methyl. 34. The application of the compound represented by the following structural formula in the preparation of drugs that enhance the anticancer activity of paclitaxel or paclitaxel analogs: or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Y' is a covalent bond or -CR ₇ R ₈ -; and, wherein a) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; b) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both ethyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; c) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ is methyl; R ₈ is -H; d) R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; e) R ₁ and R ₂ are both 2-methylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl groups; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; f) R ₁ and R ₂ are both 2-phenylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; g) R ₁ and R ₂ are both 1-phenylcyclopropyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; h) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclobutyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; i) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclopentyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; j) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclohexyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; k) R ₁ and R ₂ are both cyclohexyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; l) R ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl groups; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl groups; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; m) R ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both tert-butyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; n) R ₁ and R ₂ are both methyl groups; R ₃ and R ₄ are both phenyl groups; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; o) R ₁ and R ₂ are both tert-butyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H; p) _R1 and _R2 are both ethyl; _R3 and _R4 are both methyl; _R7 and _R8 are both -H; or q) R ₁ and R ₂ are both n-propyl; R ₃ and R ₄ are both methyl; R ₇ and R ₈ are both -H.

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