CN1308129C - Moulding method and appts. - Google Patents
Moulding method and appts. Download PDFInfo
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- CN1308129C CN1308129C CNB028156668A CN02815666A CN1308129C CN 1308129 C CN1308129 C CN 1308129C CN B028156668 A CNB028156668 A CN B028156668A CN 02815666 A CN02815666 A CN 02815666A CN 1308129 C CN1308129 C CN 1308129C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/0061—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the configuration of the material feeding channel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/42—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the shape of the moulding surface, e.g. ribs or grooves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/04—Rotational or centrifugal casting, i.e. coating the inside of a mould by rotating the mould
- B29C41/042—Rotational or centrifugal casting, i.e. coating the inside of a mould by rotating the mould by rotating a mould around its axis of symmetry
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/22—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/34—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C41/36—Feeding the material on to the mould, core or other substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/34—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C41/46—Heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/34—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C41/50—Shaping under special conditions, e.g. vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/34—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C41/52—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/42—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the shape of the moulding surface, e.g. ribs or grooves
- B29C2033/422—Moulding surfaces provided with a shape to promote flow of material in the mould cavity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/16—Fillers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/26—Scrap or recycled material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0063—Density
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
- B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/24—Pipe joints or couplings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本发明一般涉及使用一种模具使制品特别是模塑制品成型的方法和设备。特别是,本发明涉及使用一种整体模具形成模塑制品,特别是基本上对称的,尤其是对其中心轴基本对称的制品。更具体地,本发明涉及基本上是圆柱体的旋转制模、如管道、软管、管子、导管等的设备和方法。本发明发现通过提供一种具有能改善进入模具的原料的分布的分布装置的模具在改进旋转制模的方法和设备中的特别的应用,以便制成品具有预定的性能或特性。该分布装置可以是根据模具可以移动或根据模具的移动是可以移动的。以便在模具内按预定方式分布原料。在一种类型中,该分布装置是一种设置在模具内部例如在该模具的内壁的螺旋形或螺旋线形,以便或多或少均匀地分布模具内的来料。The present invention generally relates to methods and apparatus for forming articles, particularly molded articles, using a mold. In particular, the invention relates to the use of an integral mold to form molded articles, especially substantially symmetrical articles, especially about their central axis. More particularly, the present invention relates to apparatus and methods for the rotational molding of substantially cylindrical bodies, such as pipes, hoses, tubes, conduits and the like. The present invention finds particular application in improving the method and apparatus of rotational molding by providing a mold having distribution means which improves the distribution of material entering the mould, so that the finished product has predetermined properties or characteristics. The distributing device may be movable according to the mould, or may be movable according to the movement of the mould. In order to distribute the raw material in the mold in a predetermined way. In one type, the distribution means is a helix or helix arranged inside the mould, eg on the inner wall of the mould, in order to distribute the incoming material more or less evenly inside the mould.
虽然本发明将具体参考一种本发明的制模设备和加工过程来描述,应当注意本发明的范围并不局限于所描述的实施方案,而是本发明的范围比具体描述的更广泛以致于包括其它的成型方法和设备以及在其它使用中的方法和设备的用途。Although the present invention will be described with specific reference to a molding apparatus and process of the present invention, it should be noted that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but rather the invention is broader than specifically described so that Included are other forming methods and apparatus and uses of methods and apparatus in other uses.
以前,旋转制模已用于制造许多种物体,特别是圆柱体或对其中心轴对称的物体。过去,将原料引入模具,模具旋转并且原料固化以形成物体或制品。然而,在过去有效的方法和设备中,出现在模具内原料分布有关的问题。在许多情况下,原料没有均匀分布。在由两种或更多种不同原料制成的物体或制品的情况下,已难以根据该物体或制品的最终的要求而均匀分布两种或全部原料,以便它具有所要求的性能或特性。因此,有要求提供一种使引进模具的原料具有更好的分布以便使成品所要求的性能或特性更为均匀。In the past, rotational molding has been used to manufacture many kinds of objects, especially cylinders or objects that are symmetrical about their central axis. In the past, raw material was introduced into a mold, the mold was rotated and the raw material solidified to form an object or article. However, with the methods and apparatus that have worked in the past, problems have arisen with respect to the distribution of the material within the mold. In many cases, the raw material is not evenly distributed. In the case of objects or articles made of two or more different raw materials, it has become difficult to evenly distribute the two or all raw materials so that it has the desired properties or characteristics according to the final requirements of the object or article. Therefore, there is a need to provide a better distribution of the raw material introduced into the mold so that the desired properties or characteristics of the finished product are more uniform.
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于旋转制模物体或制品的方法和设备,该方法和设备能改善引入模具的原料的分布。It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for rotationally molding objects or articles which improve the distribution of the material introduced into the mould.
而且,在过去,管道、管子、软管等的制造通常包括使用连续加工的设备如挤出设备和挤压机。由挤压过程制造的小口径或小直径管道等具有缺点,加工处理是连续的从而制造出连续长度管道。然后挤出连续长度后必须切割到所要求的尺寸,这要求额外的费时、费力和费用的加工步骤。另外,在开动挤出机械设备直至通常用试凑法调整到合适的工作参数的过程中,直到这期间挤出产品必须丢弃,因而存在材料浪费。有时对连续挤出的切割的软管或管道的末端需要进行进一步处理,例如,修整或整理软管或管道的末端或在软管或管道的末端加入合适的固定件或耦合件。Also, in the past, the manufacture of pipes, tubes, hoses, etc. has generally involved the use of continuous processing equipment such as extrusion equipment and extruders. Small bore or small diameter pipes etc. produced by the extrusion process have the disadvantage that the processing is continuous to produce continuous lengths of pipe. The extruded continuous length must then be cut to the required dimensions, requiring additional time-consuming, laborious and expensive processing steps. Additionally, there is a waste of material as the extruded product must be discarded during the process of operating the extrusion machinery until the proper operating parameters are typically adjusted by trial and error. Sometimes the end of the continuously extruded cut hose or pipe needs to be further processed, for example, trimming or finishing the end of the hose or pipe or adding suitable fasteners or couplings to the end of the hose or pipe.
当制造较大直径的管道时,例如,具有超过200毫米直径的管道,由于管道只能以连续长度生产,这显著增加原料成本和库存量,特别是只要求少量选定长度的管道时,使用挤出设备是昂贵的。因而,在小直径和大直径管子的制造中,有必要减少所供昂贵的工具和挤出机械设备的费用,并且有必要避免原材料的浪费。When manufacturing larger diameter pipes, for example, pipes with a diameter exceeding 200 mm, since pipes can only be produced in continuous lengths, this significantly increases raw material costs and inventory levels, especially when only a small number of pipes of selected lengths are required, use Extrusion equipment is expensive. Thus, there is a need to reduce the cost of expensive tooling and extrusion machinery and to avoid waste of raw materials in the manufacture of small and large diameter pipes.
因此,本发明的一个目标是提供一种用于在比较便宜的模具中使用最少量原料的旋转制模不同直径的离散长度的物体或制品的方法和设备。It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for rotational molding of discrete lengths of objects or articles of different diameters in relatively inexpensive moulds, using a minimum of raw material.
较小直径的管子或者较大直径的管子的挤压制模的另一个问题是不能制造具有不同的形状的管子固定件,如联结法兰等的连续长度的挤出成品。管子等的旋转制模允许固定件如法兰、喇叭口末端和成型管子的同时模制,从而省去管子在连续长度挤出后所需的连续长度的后续加工,以便于联结和密封离散长度的管子,例如通过提供专门用于联结切割的挤压的管子的两个末端的固定件。因而,当使用旋转制模等方法形成管子时,有必要提供固定件和不同的形状。Another problem with extrusion molding of smaller diameter pipes or larger diameter pipes is the inability to manufacture continuous lengths of extrusion having different shapes of pipe fixtures such as coupling flanges and the like. Rotary molding of pipes etc. allows simultaneous molding of fixtures such as flanges, flared ends and formed pipes, eliminating the need for post-processing of continuous lengths of pipe after extrusion of continuous lengths to facilitate joining and sealing of discrete lengths pipe, for example by providing fasteners specially designed for joining the two ends of the cut extruded pipe. Thus, when forming the tube using methods such as rotational molding, it is necessary to provide fixtures and different shapes.
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于旋转制模物体或制品的方法和设备,该物体或制品在制品或者物体在制模时,具有专门的固定件或特征模制进物体或制品的末端或壁上。It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for rotationally molding objects or articles having specialized fixtures or features molded into the object or article while the article is being molded or the object is being molded end or wall.
根据本发明的第一方面提供一种用于成型制品的设备,包括一种用于形成该制品的大致形状的成型装置;一种向该成型装置引入原料以便在该成型装置中形成制品的导引装置;和一种在整个成型装置中分配引入该成型装置的原料以有助于形成制品的大致形状的分布装置,其中成型装置和/或分布装置的移动在成型装置内以预先选定的方式分配原料以便制品能够以预定的性能或特性成型。According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for forming an article, comprising a forming device for forming the general shape of the product; a guide for introducing raw materials to the forming device so as to form the product in the forming device and a distributing device for distributing the material introduced into the forming device throughout the forming device to help form the general shape of the article, wherein the forming device and/or the distributing device are moved within the forming device at a preselected Raw materials are distributed in such a way that articles can be formed with predetermined properties or characteristics.
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种制品的成型法,包括步骤:提供一种用于形成该制品的原料;通过使用一种配有一种分布装置的导引装置向该成型装置引进该原料、根据制品所要求的预定性能或特性来移动成型装置和/或分布装置以便分布被引进该成型装置的原料、并且使用该成型装置形成制品。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of forming an article, comprising the steps of: providing a raw material for forming the article; introducing the raw material to the forming device by using a guide device equipped with a distribution device , moving the forming device and/or the distributing device to distribute the raw material introduced into the forming device according to predetermined properties or characteristics required by the product, and forming the product using the forming device.
通常,该物体、零件、制品等,是一种对称的物体或基本上对称的物体。更典型的是,制品是对其中心轴对称的或基本上对称的。更典型的是,该物体是一种中空的圆柱体。更典型的是,该制品是一种管道、软管、导管、管子或其它基本上是圆柱形的中空物体或零件。Typically, the object, part, article, etc., is a symmetrical object or a substantially symmetrical object. More typically, the article is symmetrical or substantially symmetrical about a central axis. More typically, the object is a hollow cylinder. More typically, the article is a pipe, hose, conduit, tube or other substantially cylindrical hollow object or part.
通常,形成该物体的原料是循环的原料或未用过的原料或两者的混合物。更典型的是,原料是一种热塑性材料,优选的是一种循环的热塑性材料。更典型的是,取决于所要求的物体的最终性能,原料包括一种、两种、三种、四种、或更多种不同的原料,这些原料在不同时间引入本发明的设备。Typically, the feedstock from which the object is formed is recycled feedstock or virgin feedstock or a mixture of both. More typically, the feedstock is a thermoplastic material, preferably a recycled thermoplastic material. More typically, the feedstock comprises one, two, three, four, or more different feedstocks that are introduced into the apparatus of the invention at different times, depending on the desired final properties of the object.
通常,该原料是聚乙烯。更典型的是,原料是低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚丙烯、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)或其类似物。Typically, the raw material is polyethylene. More typically, the raw materials are low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polypropylene, acrylonitrile butadiene Styrene (ABS) or its analogues.
通常,原料是高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)或中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)。典型的是,原料具有密度约950到960千克/立方米和一种熔体流动速率(在190℃下2.16千克)为0.1到4克/10分钟,优选的是0.5到1.0克/10分钟。Typically, the raw material is high density polyethylene (HDPE) or medium density polyethylene (MDPE). Typically, the feedstock has a density of about 950 to 960 kg/m3 and a melt flow rate (2.16 kg at 190°C) of 0.1 to 4 g/10 min, preferably 0.5 to 1.0 g/10 min.
通常,原料可有多种不同的形状,包括自由流动形状,如粉末、丸剂、薄片、微粒、颗粒、珠子、钮扣状、针状、碎片、切屑等。Typically, feedstock can be in a variety of different shapes, including free-flowing shapes such as powders, pellets, flakes, granules, granules, beads, buttons, needles, chips, chips, and the like.
通常,用于形成物体的原料是以一种自由流动的形状使用。原料的一种优选的形状是一种厚度约0.5到1.5毫米且长度和宽度约5到约20毫米的扁平的薄片。一种特别优选的原料是得自切碎的HDPE瓶,例如使用过的奶瓶等。Typically, the raw material used to form the object is used in a free-flowing form. A preferred shape of the feedstock is a flat sheet having a thickness of about 0.5 to 1.5 mm and a length and width of about 5 to about 20 mm. A particularly preferred starting material is obtained from shredded HDPE bottles, such as used baby bottles and the like.
通常,热塑性材料能使用许多方法以制成具有相当广泛性能的管道、软管、导管、管子等。塑料能被单独使用,例如,使得到制品的整个壁厚度形成或多或少均一性能的单层;并依次使用以便提供一种结构性的层效应,其中形成管子或软管壁的原料的不同层具有不同的性能,或者作为一种混合物使用,在精心选择该组分的熔点和粒径下,以提供一种不同的组分原料或分层结构的控制的分散体。In general, thermoplastic materials can be used in a number of ways to form pipes, hoses, conduits, tubes, etc. with a fairly wide range of properties. Plastics can be used alone, for example, to form a single layer of more or less uniform properties over the entire wall thickness of an article; and in succession to provide a structural layer effect in which differences in the raw materials forming the walls of pipes or hoses Layers have different properties, or are used as a mixture, with careful selection of the melting point and particle size of the components to provide a controlled dispersion of different component materials or layered structures.
通常,本发明的方法和设备对污染物有大的耐力。更典型的是,如果有任何污染物存在,该制品能够用这种方式成型,该污染物位于远离该管子或软管的关键性的外表剖面并接近那些非关键性的内表面。更典型的是,污染物包括水分、其他树脂或塑料原料、污垢、油剂、油脂、灰尘、杂质颗粒等。In general, the methods and apparatus of the present invention are highly resistant to contaminants. More typically, the article can be formed in such a way that if any contamination is present, the contamination is located away from the critical outer sections of the pipe or hose and closer to those non-critical inner surfaces. More typically, contaminants include moisture, other resin or plastic raw materials, dirt, oils, grease, dust, foreign particles, and the like.
通常,成型装置是一种模具。更典型的是、模具是一种整体模具,通常,是一种具有整体壁结构的圆柱形模具。更典型的是,该圆柱形模具具有一端或两端的开口。更典型的是,管子的任何表面特征能够在模具壁内形成;例如,有检查孔、盖板、接口、输出口、法兰、喇叭口、或其他的固定件等的存在。Typically, the forming device is a mold. More typically, the mold is a monolithic mould, generally, a cylindrical mold with a monolithic wall structure. More typically, the cylindrical mold has openings at one or both ends. More typically, any surface feature of the pipe can be formed in the mold wall; for example, the presence of inspection holes, covers, ports, spouts, flanges, flares, or other fixtures, etc.
另外,该方法包括加热模具的步骤,包括加热模具的外表面或模具的内表面,或依次或同时加热内外两个表面。Additionally, the method includes the step of heating the mold, including heating the outer surface of the mold or the inner surface of the mold, or heating both surfaces sequentially or simultaneously.
一般,方法包括附加的冷却模具和/或制品的步骤。更典型的是、在外部或内部或内外进行冷却,并且可以依次或者同时进行冷却。更典型的是,冷却是通过使用空气、水、空气/水混合物包括喷射、烟雾等进行的。更典型的是,冷却是通过使用能应用于内部、外部或内外的冷却剂来完成的。Typically, the method includes the additional step of cooling the mold and/or the article. More typically, cooling is performed externally or internally or internally and externally and can be sequential or simultaneous. More typically, cooling is by use of air, water, air/water mixtures including jets, smoke, and the like. More typically, cooling is accomplished through the use of coolants that can be applied to the interior, exterior, or both.
典型的是,本发明的设备使用单一或多重筒体的布置,筒体在加热和冷却过程中可以装料并且旋转。一种特别优选的方案是每制造单位使用一套或二套筒体。Typically, the apparatus of the present invention utilizes single or multiple cylinder arrangements which can be filled and rotated during heating and cooling. A particularly preferred solution is to use one or two sleeves per manufacturing unit.
通常,该分布装置设置在模具的内壁上。更典型的是,该分布装置根据模具转动而进行转动。更典型的是,该分布装置被固定在模具的内壁。更典型的是,该分布装置沿着模具的内壁以螺旋线形或成螺旋形延伸。一种特别优选的分布装置是一种焊接到模具内壁的螺旋焊接钢缘、钢肋、钢带等。Usually, the distribution means are arranged on the inner wall of the mould. More typically, the distribution device rotates in response to the rotation of the mold. More typically, the distribution device is fixed to the inner wall of the mould. More typically, the distribution means extends helically or helically along the inner wall of the mould. A particularly preferred distribution means is a helically welded steel flange, rib, strip or the like welded to the inner wall of the mould.
通常,分布装置是一种焊接接合呈螺线形或成螺旋线形盘绕的金属带或金属条的相邻边缘。更典型的是,该焊接位于在模具外面以及里面。更典型的是,该焊接宽度至多约10毫米,优选的是1到5毫米,更优选的是2到3毫米的宽度。典型的是,该螺旋角可以是任意角度,优选的是在约20到90度之间,更优选的是在45到85度之间,最优选的是在60到80度之间。Typically, the distribution means is a welded joint joining the adjacent edges of a helical or helically coiled metal strip or strip. More typically, the welds are on the outside of the mold as well as inside. More typically, the weld width is at most about 10 mm, preferably 1 to 5 mm, more preferably 2 to 3 mm in width. Typically, the helix angle can be any angle, preferably between about 20 and 90 degrees, more preferably between 45 and 85 degrees, and most preferably between 60 and 80 degrees.
通常,该焊接厚度至多约10毫米,优选的是厚度至多约5毫米,更优选的是1到2毫米。Typically, the weld is at most about 10 mm thick, preferably at most about 5 mm thick, more preferably 1 to 2 mm thick.
通常,使用由螺形盘绕的钢带以边对边的关系焊接在一起而制成的筒体是特别有利的,这是由于它可以略微升高内部的螺旋表面以用于分布薄片远离、或向着原料引进点。引进模具的原料的运动方向通过筒体相对于分布装置的螺旋方向的旋转的方向而控制。In general, the use of cylinders made of helically coiled steel strips welded together in edge-to-edge relationship is particularly advantageous, as it can slightly raise the inner helical surface for distributing the flakes away from, or Introduce point towards raw material. The direction of movement of the material introduced into the mold is controlled by the direction of rotation of the cylinder relative to the helical direction of the distribution device.
典型的是,在筒体的一端设计有开口,它使筒体旋转并且同时向空腔中引进原料。更典型的是,该导引装置是筒体或模具一端或两端的开口端。更典型的是,模具一端或两端设置有一种输送料斗等以用于接纳进入该模具的选定量的原料。Typically, one end of the barrel is designed with an opening that allows the barrel to rotate and at the same time introduce material into the cavity. More typically, the guide means is an open end at one or both ends of the barrel or die. More typically, one or both ends of the mold are provided with a delivery hopper or the like for receiving selected quantities of material into the mold.
典型的是,加热筒体以便使热塑性材料转化为一种流体原料,它可在塑料薄片之间流动并固化的。加热可通过多种技术完成,例如直接在筒体表面的长度方向上使用煤气喷灯。Typically, the barrel is heated to convert the thermoplastic material into a fluid feedstock that flows between the plastic sheets and solidifies. Heating can be accomplished by a variety of techniques, such as using gas torches directly along the length of the barrel surface.
典型的是,该模具,优选的是,模具的筒体,可在内部涂有一种脱模剂,例如一种烃油、一种植物油或硅油等。Typically, the mold, and preferably the barrel of the mold, can be internally coated with a mold release agent, such as a hydrocarbon oil, a vegetable oil or silicone oil or the like.
典型的是,本发明的方法可通过控制装入模具的不同的原料量、模具和其中原料的转速程序、加热时间、和各个具体阶段达到的温度来控制管子或类似物的壁剖面的均匀分布和密度。更典型的是,颗粒间的砂眼的消除可通过精确的旋转速度程序和管壁原料的温度来控制。这可通过设计的设备可测量内部气温并相应调整操作条件来而达到。Typically, the method of the present invention can control the uniform distribution of the wall section of the pipe or the like by controlling the different amounts of material loaded into the mold, the rotational speed program of the mold and the material therein, the heating time, and the temperature reached at each specific stage and density. More typically, the elimination of intergranular voids can be controlled by precise rotation speed programming and tube wall material temperature. This is achieved by designing equipment to measure the internal air temperature and adjust operating conditions accordingly.
典型的是,壁剖面的密度和消除与旋转制模有关的壁中砂眼可通过设备的设计来控制,当原料被熔化并处于可成形状态时,可通过原料的气体和蒸汽对模具内壁施加压力而对壁剖面增压,以便得到一种更紧密的具有较小的砂眼等风险的制品。Typically, the density of the wall profile and the elimination of voids in the wall associated with rotational molding can be controlled by the design of the equipment by which the gases and vapors of the raw material exert pressure on the inner walls of the mold as the raw material is melted and in a formable state Instead, the wall profile is pressurized in order to obtain a more compact product with less risk of blisters and the like.
典型的是,管子的冷却通过引进比单独的空气具有更大的热容量的冷却剂如与水雾或其它原料混合的空气来加速超过常规的冷却速率。在模具外部和内部,精确控制冷却以避免熔化的塑料在其固化时因收缩形成的内部砂眼。向模具内引进冷却脉冲可在不形成砂眼的的情况下加速冷却。Typically, the cooling of the tubes is accelerated beyond conventional cooling rates by introducing a coolant that has a greater heat capacity than air alone, such as air mixed with water mist or other material. On the outside and inside of the mold, cooling is precisely controlled to avoid internal voids formed by the shrinkage of the molten plastic as it solidifies. Introducing cooling pulses into the mold accelerates cooling without forming voids.
典型的是、加工的循环速率强烈依赖于冷却时间的周密的判断以使适当固化的热塑性材料排出。内部气温的测量与管径收缩的音频检测一起可确定最小的冷却时间并且可使模具排空而用于下一轮循环,从而提高生产率并降低成本。Typically, the cycle rate of processing is strongly dependent on the careful judgment of the cooling time to allow proper solidification of the thermoplastic material to drain. Measurement of internal air temperature together with audio detection of pipe shrinkage determines minimum cooling time and allows the mold to be emptied for the next cycle, increasing productivity and reducing costs.
典型的是、在绝缘的封套内加热,这在循环的加热部分过程中使有关热量损失减至最小。Typically, the heating is within an insulating envelope, which minimizes the associated heat loss during the heating portion of the cycle.
管子的转动通过在制造过程中可改变转速的变速电动机控制。在向模具装入塑料原料过程中,速度设置到缓慢的速率,并且在控制塑料薄片分布的同时,增加速度以达到使原料呈“降雨”的状态。该“降雨”阶段描述塑料薄片随管子转动到达管子的顶点并在重力下从远离壁而回降到下表面的过程。这可使薄片作为金属表面上的一种涂层而均匀施加。一旦获得均匀分布,增加速度以阻止塑料颗粒“降雨”,并且更高的向心力使原料保持在适当位置。在这阶段,开始加热筒体。这可使塑料软化并且熔化。使用更高的向心力固化薄片并且通过排除气泡和可能的缺陷而加快熔化过程。The rotation of the tube is controlled by a variable speed motor whose speed can be changed during the manufacturing process. During the feeding of the plastic stock into the mold, the speed is set to a slow rate and increased to achieve a "rainfall" of the stock while controlling the distribution of the plastic flakes. This "rainfall" phase describes the process by which the plastic sheet rotates with the tube to the apex of the tube and falls under gravity from away from the wall back to the lower surface. This allows the flake to be applied evenly as a coating on the metal surface. Once an even distribution is obtained, the velocity is increased to stop the plastic particles from "raining" and the higher centripetal force keeps the material in place. At this stage, heating of the barrel is started. This softens and melts the plastic. Higher centripetal forces are used to solidify the flakes and speed up the melting process by excluding air bubbles and possible defects.
典型的是,在筒体旋转的同时所有塑料被熔化后,由内部和外部冷却该管子。在旋转过程中,利用由筒体一端的专门开口吹入干或湿空气进行内部冷却。用干燥空气或水喷射进行外部冷却。协调冷却以保证外部冷却很好地控制熔化塑料的固化。太快的内部冷却导致在管子横截面的中央产生砂眼缺陷(由于熔化塑料的收缩)。Typically, the tube is cooled internally and externally after all the plastic is melted while the barrel rotates. During rotation, dry or moist air is blown in through a special opening at one end of the cylinder for internal cooling. External cooling with dry air or water jets. Cooling is coordinated to ensure that external cooling controls solidification of the molten plastic well. Too fast internal cooling results in a blister defect (due to shrinkage of the molten plastic) in the center of the tube cross-section.
典型的是,一旦管子被冷却,该管子随时可脱模。在管子一端设计一整体的法兰或喇叭口剖面不但可使管子后续制模连接,而且可使该管子从模具中自动脱模。这是因熔化塑料的体积收缩所引起的,其在线性方向有0.1到9%的收缩,优选的是0.5到3.0%的收缩、而更优选的是0.5到1.0%的收缩。在管子一端安置法兰导致该管子的自由端向法兰收缩。直径的收缩导致该管子从模具表面解脱。在冷却过程中,这两种作用导致管子自动从模具上解脱并且随时可移去。Typically, once the tube has cooled, the tube is ready to be demolded. Designing an integral flange or flare section at one end of the pipe not only enables the pipe to be subsequently molded and connected, but also allows the pipe to be automatically released from the mold. This is caused by the volume shrinkage of the molten plastic, which in the linear direction has a shrinkage of 0.1 to 9%, preferably a shrinkage of 0.5 to 3.0%, and more preferably a shrinkage of 0.5 to 1.0%. Placement of the flange at one end of the pipe causes the free end of the pipe to contract towards the flange. The shrinkage in diameter causes the tube to release from the mold surface. During cooling, these two actions result in the tube being automatically released from the mold and ready for removal.
典型的是,模具内壁是有锥度的以有助于管子从模具上的脱模。Typically, the inner walls of the mold are tapered to facilitate release of the tube from the mold.
典型的是,该筒体设计的改进可使专门的法兰和喇叭口末端部分就地模制到管子上,省去挤出的管子为了便于连接和密封管子长度而必要的后续加工。典型的是,加热筒体以使热塑性树脂转化为能流动的液体状态,并在塑料薄片之间发生固化。加热可通过多种技术进行,例如,通过直接在筒体表面使用煤气喷灯。在原料装入之后加热筒体并旋转筒体产生均一的表面加热并控制砂眼的清除和管子的厚度。温度升到塑性树脂的熔点以上。在HDPE情况下,管子内的温度可能升到140℃以上并可能高达250℃。Typically, this barrel design modification allows the special flange and flared end sections to be molded in place onto the tube, eliminating the need for post-processing of the extruded tube to facilitate joining and sealing the tube lengths. Typically, the barrel is heated to convert the thermoplastic resin to a flowable liquid state and solidify between the plastic sheets. Heating can be done by various techniques, for example, by using a gas torch directly on the surface of the barrel. Heating and rotating the barrel after raw material loading produces uniform surface heating and controls blister removal and pipe thickness. The temperature rises above the melting point of the plastic resin. In the case of HDPE, the temperature inside the pipe may rise above 140°C and possibly as high as 250°C.
现在参考附图通过引用非限制性的实施例作为参考以描述本发明的优选方案。其中:Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of reference to non-limiting examples. in:
图1是一种根据本发明的方法和设备用于形成管子的一种模具,在接近用于封闭模具一端的圆盘端处的侧视图;Figure 1 is a side view of a die for forming a tube according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, near the end of the disc for closing one end of the die;
图2是表明装有薄片原料的模具部分的图1所示的剖视图;Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the mold portion shown in Figure 1 illustrating the portion of the mold containing the sheet material;
图3是表示进入管壁形成的薄片对模具内壁在旋转时模具的剖视图;Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the mold showing that the thin sheet formed by entering the pipe wall rotates to the inner wall of the mold;
图4表明管子在从模具中移开时图1所示的模具的透视图;Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the mold shown in Figure 1 when the pipe is removed from the mould;
图5是一种使用本发明的方法和设备形成的管子的局部剖面图;Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a pipe formed using the method and apparatus of the present invention;
图6是表示在模具和管子内部和外部使用加热或冷却装置的模具和管子的剖视图;Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing a mold and a pipe using heating or cooling means inside and outside the mold and pipe;
图7是利用本发明的方法和设备形成的一种层状的管子的剖视图;Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a layered tube formed using the method and apparatus of the present invention;
图8是一种在管子一端形成法兰的模具的近视图;Figure 8 is a close-up view of a mold for forming a flange at one end of a pipe;
图9是一种具有法兰的管子的透视图;和Figure 9 is a perspective view of a pipe with a flange; and
图10是以螺旋形或螺旋线形形式焊接在模具周边的一种分布装置的剖视简图。Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a distribution device welded on the periphery of the mold in a helical or helical form.
在图1到7中,表示本发明成型装置的一种具体实施方案,以大致圆柱形的模具形式,一般以2代表,具有位于或接近模具2一端的第一开口4和位于或接近模具2另一端的第二开口6,这样形成一个有开口端的整体圆柱形模具,其中可形成管子,通常以10表示,或类似物体。开口6可任选地用活动盖8、圆盘和板或类似物封闭。模具2可通过开口6装填。开口6可形成用于要在模具2中模制的原料引入模具2的导引装置。可有其它引进的方式包括模具的自动进料装置。In Figures 1 to 7, a specific embodiment of the forming apparatus of the present invention is shown in the form of a substantially cylindrical mold, generally designated 2, having a
模具2可由任何好的导热材料制成,例如金属、如铁、钢或金属的合金,或其它合适的合成材料,包括不同材料的组合物。该模具优选的是由一种耐热的并且好的导热材料制造,优选的是由钢制造。筒体可制成正锥度或根本无锥度的。通过可以使塑料原料在线性方向收缩约0.5到1%的过程,使管子更易于从该筒体中移走。The
特别参考图10,表示一种分布装置,这种分布装置16以螺旋12或螺旋线形的脊、缘或类似的形式并设置在模具2内部。在一种类型中,模具2由一种合适的金属条或带14螺旋形地盘绕而成,以便形成以边对边的关系或以边对边重叠关系螺旋焊接以形成模具2。焊线或类似物16在模具2的内表面勾出螺旋形或螺旋线形的通道。任选的是,或附加的是,在模具2的外面存在焊线18。使用由呈螺线形焊接钢制造成模具是特别有利,由于它可以沿着螺旋边缘略微升高的内螺旋表面以用于分布原料远离,或趋向塑料原料的引入点。塑料原料的运动方向由模具2相对于在模具2内壁上的螺旋所形成的螺旋方向而旋转的方向进行控制。在另一个具体实施方案中,内表面,和可任选的是外表面是由具有以部分嵌套的重叠关系焊接的条状金属带形成,导致呈螺线形盘绕的内表面的各个部分是有锥度或角度,以有助于指引整个模具中塑料原料的运动。With particular reference to Figure 10, there is shown a distribution means 16 in the form of a helix 12 or a helical ridge, edge or the like and arranged inside the
图1和2表示用粒状塑料原料16填充到所需高度14的模具2。在一种类型中,塑料原料通常是通过粉碎循环使用的塑料或类似原料的瓶子、盖子及其它容器,所形成的切细的塑料。在引进模具2之前,塑料原料16不必清洗除去液状残渣或已除去的胶纸标签或除去的少量的其它污染物,因为在制模的原料中可允许含有适量污染物。1 and 2 show the
该原料可以是同类型的或混合多种类型、等级或组成的塑料或其它的原料。特别优选的原料是厚度约0.5到1.5毫米并且长度和宽度约5到约20毫米的薄片原料。应当注意,在这些尺寸中,宽度变化是允许的。The material may be of the same type or a mixture of types, grades or compositions of plastics or other materials. A particularly preferred stock is flake stock having a thickness of about 0.5 to 1.5 mm and a length and width of about 5 to about 20 mm. It should be noted that in these dimensions, width variations are allowed.
图2表示当模具2以箭头A所示方向沿着纵向延伸的中心轴18缓慢转动的开始时,其中塑料原料16的层是收集在图2所示的模具2下部。随着模具2继续缓慢转动,塑料原料16也转动以至于迫使上到模具内壁一侧以便在模具内对着该模具的内壁如“降雨”状回落,从而覆盖整个模具壁。只要该模具以较低的速度转动,该原料的“降雨”就将继续以便围绕模具内壁或多或少地均匀分布原料。该“降雨”过程可按要求维持。当模具2转速增加时,在原料薄片上的向心力将增加以导致原料对着模具的内壁以均匀的厚度积累。模具2的转速将使原料对着模具内壁保持在适当位置。FIG. 2 shows the beginning of the slow rotation of the
典型的是,管子的转动通过允许在制造过程中可以改变转速的变速电动机控制。在向模具装入原料过程中,速度设置为缓慢的速率,并且控制塑料薄片分布的同时,增加速度以达到使原料呈“降雨”状态。该“降雨”阶段描述塑料薄片和管子一起转动到达管子的顶点并在重力下从远离壁而回降到下表面的过程。这样可使薄片作为一种金属表面上的涂层均匀地施加。一旦获得均匀分布,增加速度以阻止塑料颗粒的“降雨”并且更高的向心力使原料维持在适当的位置。在这阶段,开始加热该筒体。这允许塑料软化并且熔化。使用更高的向心力以固化薄片并且通过排除气泡和可能潜在缺陷而加快熔化过程。Typically, the rotation of the tube is controlled by a variable speed motor that allows the rotational speed to be varied during the manufacturing process. During the loading of the mold with the material, the speed was set at a slow rate and the speed was increased to achieve a "rainfall" of the material while controlling the distribution of the plastic flakes. This "rainfall" phase describes the process in which the plastic sheet rotates with the tube to the apex of the tube and falls back under gravity from away from the wall to the lower surface. This allows the flake to be applied evenly as a coating on the metal surface. Once an even distribution is obtained, the velocity is increased to stop the "rainfall" of the plastic particles and the higher centripetal force keeps the material in place. At this stage, heating of the barrel is started. This allows the plastic to soften and melt. A higher centripetal force is used to solidify the flake and speed up the melting process by excluding air bubbles and possible latent defects.
在本发明设备的一些具体实施方案中,一种燃烧器或类似物设置在模具2的外壁的外部以便对模具2的外壁加热,加热其中的原料到软化并且熔化原料,一种燃烧器如图6所示。该热源不局限于排列在外部的燃烧器而且可以是其它适用于加热模具2的燃烧器的排列,例如包括在模具2内部加热。另一种加热是在模具2壁内设置电加热。In some embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, a burner or the like is arranged outside the outer wall of the
在图6所示的具体实施方案中,沿模具2的长度延伸方向安排气体导管20。燃烧器22是在整个导管20的长度以定距离间隔而设置。燃烧器22可以点燃可燃气体以加热模具2。任选的是,在模具2内可进一步设置具有以定距离间隔的燃烧器26的导管24以便对模具2辅助加热和/或可使整平器对在该模具内形成的管子进行内部抛光处理。In the particular embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , the
现在描述本发明设备的操作。The operation of the apparatus of the present invention will now be described.
合适的切细的循环使用的塑料原料16通过开口端6加入模具2内。在一实施方案中,转动开始以前,足量的塑性材料16加入到模具2内;而在另一实施方案中,在任何原料加入以前,模具2就开始转动。随着模具2的转动,通过模具2开口端6加入原料并且通过设置在模具2内壁呈内螺旋形12或螺旋线形的分布装置沿着模具2长度方向分布原料。当足量的原料加入到模具2内时,可使盖8处于合适的位置以便该模具2可在较低速度下继续旋转从而使原料“降雨”到内壁上形成一种基本上均匀的塑料原料层。Suitable shredded recycled
当塑料原料16在模具的内壁形成一种基本上均匀的层或覆盖时,该模具以较快速度旋转从而利用向心运动和力的效果进一步分布原料。然后,加热模具的外部、内部或者内外相结合。As the
在加速转动和加热的作用下,塑料原料熔化并且流动从而形成一种基本上是均质的等厚的均匀混合物。在管子形成后,在转动以确保维持管子的形状的同时停止加热并且冷却模具2。塑料原料在冷却过程中硬化并且略微收缩。典型的是,在线性方向收缩量大约0.5到3%,典型的是,在线性方向收缩0.5到1%。Under the effect of accelerated rotation and heat, the plastic material melts and flows to form a substantially homogeneous homogeneous mixture of equal thickness. After the tube is formed, the heat is turned off and the
如果有需要或有要求,可冷却模具。这种冷却可用于外部、内部或内外部。冷却可通过空气或风扇加速空气或通过与水混合的空气如烟雾、或喷射等形式,或冷却可通过使用冷却剂来完成。在一种类型中,在转动的同时,模具2的外表面处于水浴中或冷却剂浴中以便在模具转动时通过模具2的壁从外部冷却管子。The mold can be cooled if necessary or requested. This cooling can be used externally, internally or both. Cooling can be by air or fans accelerating air or by air mixed with water such as mist, or jets, or cooling can be accomplished through the use of coolant. In one type, while turning, the outer surface of the
优选的是均匀施加冷却或从两边冷却以便使整个管子的厚度具有均匀冷却从而防止在冷却步骤过程中管子分层或分离或形式砂眼。It is preferred to apply cooling evenly or from both sides in order to have uniform cooling throughout the thickness of the tube to prevent delamination or separation of the tube or the formation of blisters during the cooling step.
如果合适,可移开在模具末端的盖并且由于该管子的收缩因素而使该成型的管子可从模具2上移开。不要求分离模具各部分或其它的移开技术,这简化了整个生产方法同时也有助于显著地减少劳力成本。If appropriate, the cap at the end of the mold can be removed and the formed tube can be removed from the
分别装填不同的塑料原料将允许形成同心层。这样可首先装入一种循环使用的原料,接着是未用过的原材料。将形式一种双层、管子或类似物,如图7所示的具有位于该管子外部的循环层26和位于内部的未用过原材料层28。这样的结构可使成型的管子用于与人有关的目的(human grade purposes)而不局限于灌溉目的,因为通过该管子的液流只控制使用未用过原料。如果没有新的或未用过原料的内层,该管子只能用于与人无关的目的(non humanpurposes)如灌溉。Separate loading of the different plastic stocks will allow the formation of concentric layers. This allows a recycled material to be charged first, followed by virgin material. A double layer, tube or the like will be in the form, as shown in Figure 7, with a
本发明的方法和设备允许使用各种成层的技术以形成具有不同层的管子。一种不同原料形成层的方法是将管子外部成型的原料切成比将形成内层的原料更小的粒状片。然后使该模具装入具有两种尺寸的薄片,并且增加模具的转速直到,粒状薄片使其行程穿过原料在该模具的内表面形成一圆柱形以便形成该管子的外层而大的薄片继续滚动形成该管子的内层。随着转速增加,更大的薄片在更多颗粒薄片中形成同心层。这种成层的技术可通过增加模具内空气湍流来促进。这种湍动可通过模具内的固定的或相反旋转的载体或吹到模具内部的空气所产生。湍流有助于移去薄片而不是粒状材料。The method and apparatus of the present invention allow the use of various layering techniques to form pipes with different layers. One method of forming layers of different materials is to cut the outer forming material of the tube into smaller granular pieces than the material that will form the inner layer. The die is then loaded with flakes of both sizes, and the rotational speed of the die is increased until the granular flakes make their way through the stock to form a cylinder on the inner surface of the die to form the outer layer of the tube while the larger flakes continue Rolling forms the inner layer of the tube. As the rotational speed increases, larger flakes form concentric layers within more granular flakes. This layering technique is facilitated by increasing air turbulence within the mold. This turbulence can be created by stationary or counter-rotating carriers within the mould, or by air blown into the interior of the mould. Turbulent flow helps remove flakes rather than granular material.
另一种成层的方法是设置温度以便首先熔化一种特定形式的低熔点塑料原料。可在模具的内表面形成熔化层。当温度增加时,第二高熔点的塑料表层形成管子的内表面。这样两种不同的原料可形成分离层。Another method of layering is to set the temperature to first melt a specific form of low-melting plastic material. A molten layer may be formed on the inner surface of the mold. As the temperature increases, the skin of the second highest melting plastic forms the inner surface of the tube. Such two different raw materials can form a separate layer.
另一个成层的方法是向模具装入第一填充的塑料原料并且开始加工。然后当模具仍然旋转的同时,加入第二填充的不同的原料。取决于所要求的管子结构和各个原料的性能,第二填充原料可以是在第一填充原料熔化前或后加入。如果需要,可多次另外装料。另外,有可能使管子具有不同的原料或组合原料的三层、四层或更多层。Another method of layering is to load the mold with a first fill of plastic stock and start processing. Then while the mold is still rotating, a second fill of different ingredients is added. Depending on the desired pipe configuration and the properties of the individual materials, the second filler material can be added before or after the first filler material is melted. Multiple additional charges can be made if desired. In addition, it is possible to have tubes with three, four or more layers of different materials or combinations of materials.
在图8,说明示于图1到图3的模具2的变型。在本发明中,圆柱形模具2具有一径向向外延伸到末端34的法兰32。一端盖36上具有一径向向外延伸到端盖周边的与法兰32直径相同或相当的环形法兰38。法兰38与法兰32匹配形成模具2的末端的延长部分。一种圆形的凹槽40贯穿法兰38进入端盖36内的盲孔。该圆形槽40的直径大于模具42的外径。In Fig. 8, a modification of the
管子42是在具有法兰末端和端盖的模具中以图1到3所示的同样方式形成的。凹槽40的增加直径可使如图9所示的管子42的法兰44在管子42上与管子42的其余部分同时整体成型。法兰44可由固体塑料原料形成,并且当与管子42整体成型时,可非常牢固。所有具有法兰末端的类似的管子42,可对接并且夹紧以使管子拼接或连接于另一整体设备的法兰固定件,例如,在灌溉系统中的泵的排出口。Tube 42 is formed in the same manner as shown in Figures 1 to 3 in a mold with flanged ends and end caps. The increased diameter of the groove 40 allows the flange 44 of the tube 42 as shown in FIG. 9 to be integrally formed on the tube 42 at the same time as the remainder of the tube 42 . Flange 44 can be formed from a solid plastic stock and when integrally formed with tube 42 can be very strong. All similar pipes 42, having flanged ends, can be butted and clamped to allow the pipes to be spliced or connected to flanged fixtures of another integral piece of equipment, for example, the discharge of a pump in an irrigation system.
如果在管子42的两端均要求有法兰,在制模过程中模具2可由两个或更多个部件联结组成。当制模完成时,该模具部件可分离以便允许移开成型的管子42。如果模具2的内部在末端34处是分步的,法兰32、34可省略。任选的是,管子42的末端可以扩大圆截面如一扩大喇叭口截面而形成。If flanges are required at both ends of the tube 42, the
本发明的方法和设备可以在较低价格下通过非常少的原材料预处理或预准备条件或预加工或制备来制造一种有用的制品。该方法在原材料的质量上允许很大的变化并且可使用低等级的塑料原料。The method and apparatus of the present invention can produce a useful article at relatively low cost with very little pretreatment or preconditioning of raw materials or preprocessing or preparation. This method allows for large variations in the quality of the raw material and can use low grade plastic raw materials.
如果有要求、可以使用未用过的塑料原料,或者与部分循环使用的塑料原料或者作为隔离层的原料结合。也可以向填充的原材料中添加化学添加剂。If required, virgin plastic raw materials can be used or combined with partially recycled plastic raw materials or raw materials used as barrier layers. Chemical additives can also be added to the filled raw material.
本发明的优点包括如下:Advantages of the present invention include as follows:
本发明的方法和工艺扩大并改善旋转制模的构思,旋转制模一般用于离散物体的非连续制模如全封闭的中空物体如贮槽等到利用连续加工设备如挤压机制造的导管和管子。优点是具有降低最小流程长度和降低开动时废弃制品的量,避免昂贵的工具和挤出机械设备,因此,显著降低制造导管特别是具有直径大于200毫米大导管的成本,通过本发明的工艺可制造精确长度数量的管子,并允许相当大地节省原料和管子存贮量。管子可制造成指定的长度而不必为运输作进一步处理,例如不必将管子切割到所要求的长度。The method and process of the present invention expands and improves upon the concept of rotary molding, which is generally used for discontinuous molding of discrete objects such as fully enclosed hollow objects such as tanks, etc. to conduits and pipes made using continuous processing equipment such as extruders. tube. The advantages are reduced minimum process length and reduced amount of waste product at start-up, avoiding expensive tooling and extrusion machinery, and thus significantly reducing the cost of manufacturing conduits, especially large conduits with a diameter greater than 200 mm, which can be achieved by the process of the present invention Manufactures pipe in precise length quantities and allows considerable savings in raw material and pipe storage. The tube can be manufactured to a specified length without further processing for shipping, eg without having to cut the tube to the required length.
可用各种不同的原料制造管子等,包括低等级的原料,被污染的原料和不同原料的混合物。Pipes and the like can be manufactured from a variety of different raw materials, including low grade raw materials, contaminated raw materials and mixtures of different raw materials.
该加工工艺允许在管子内就地模制专门特征如管子的检查孔、连接件、专门的法兰和喇叭口的端截面,这省去了在挤压法制造管子中为了便于联结和密封的管子长度而必须的后续加工。挤压法制造连续长度管子中,没有机会形成具有整体固定件的管子。This process allows special features such as pipe inspection holes, connectors, special flanges and flared end sections to be molded in-situ in the pipe, which eliminates the need for joints and seals in extrusion-manufactured pipes. Subsequent processing necessary for pipe length. In making continuous lengths of tubing by extrusion, there is no opportunity to form tubing with integral fixtures.
所描述的方案通过解释得到发展并且在不背离本发明的精神和范围包括在此公开的每一新特征和新组合特征的前提下可以作出许多改进。The scheme described has been developed by explanation and many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, including every new feature and new combination of features disclosed herein.
本领域普通技术人员将会认识到,这里所述的本发明除了那些具体描述的还可以有变化和改进。当然本发明包括所有这类落入其精神和范围内的变化和改进。Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the invention described herein is susceptible to variations and modifications other than those specifically described. The present invention of course embraces all such changes and modifications that fall within its spirit and scope.
Claims (57)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPR5837 | 2001-06-20 | ||
| AUPR5837A AUPR583701A0 (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2001-06-20 | Moulding method and apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1541156A CN1541156A (en) | 2004-10-27 |
| CN1308129C true CN1308129C (en) | 2007-04-04 |
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| CNB028156668A Expired - Fee Related CN1308129C (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Moulding method and appts. |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1308129C (en) |
| AU (1) | AUPR583701A0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002102567A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20080211134A1 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-09-04 | Outotec Oyj | Method and apparatus for making spiral separators using sequential heating and cooling |
| WO2008111840A1 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-18 | Provinor As | Method for rotational moulding of a cylindrical product |
| CN103102068A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-15 | 天津市硅酸盐研究所 | High temperature resistance lubrication mold release agent for glassware molding |
| CN104875314B (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2019-03-29 | 靳宏杰 | A plastic-aluminum composite method with fins in the aluminum alloy profile pipe of a plastic-aluminum composite radiator |
| CN113124239B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-07-01 | 广东恒达胶管制品有限公司 | Processing device and processing technology of weather-resistant composite pipe |
| CN113103613B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-04 | 山东山氢新能源科技有限公司 | Method for processing hydrogen transmission pipeline |
| CN120056320B (en) * | 2025-04-24 | 2025-08-01 | 泉州市新美奇艺品企业有限公司 | Resin handicraft molding device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1381863A (en) * | 1971-03-17 | 1975-01-29 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Rotationally moulded articles |
| WO1986005436A1 (en) * | 1985-03-23 | 1986-09-25 | Dow Chemical Gmbh | Fiber reinforced plastic pipe and centrifugal casting method for manufacturing same |
| US4705660A (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1987-11-10 | Robert Demarle | Method and apparatus for producing a pipe of fiber-reinforced, hardenable synthetic resin |
| CN1046030A (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1990-10-10 | 陈世杰 | Large diam corrosion prevention pipe line made up of full plastics |
| CN2069060U (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1991-01-09 | 王兴利 | Major diameter anticorrosive steel-plastics composite pipes |
-
2001
- 2001-06-20 AU AUPR5837A patent/AUPR583701A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-06-20 WO PCT/AU2002/000809 patent/WO2002102567A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-06-20 CN CNB028156668A patent/CN1308129C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1381863A (en) * | 1971-03-17 | 1975-01-29 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Rotationally moulded articles |
| WO1986005436A1 (en) * | 1985-03-23 | 1986-09-25 | Dow Chemical Gmbh | Fiber reinforced plastic pipe and centrifugal casting method for manufacturing same |
| US4705660A (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1987-11-10 | Robert Demarle | Method and apparatus for producing a pipe of fiber-reinforced, hardenable synthetic resin |
| CN1046030A (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1990-10-10 | 陈世杰 | Large diam corrosion prevention pipe line made up of full plastics |
| CN2069060U (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1991-01-09 | 王兴利 | Major diameter anticorrosive steel-plastics composite pipes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1541156A (en) | 2004-10-27 |
| WO2002102567A1 (en) | 2002-12-27 |
| HK1070859A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
| AUPR583701A0 (en) | 2001-07-12 |
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