Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to be to break away from many drawbacks that the cam profiling brings, providing a kind of is placed on internal and external circle of piston ring shape line data in the computer, and pass through the motion that fast response servo mechanism realizes lathe tool, reach the internal and external circle of piston ring cnc profiling vertical lathe of finishing pistons ring abnormity inside and outside circle purpose.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of internal and external circle of piston ring cnc profiling vertical lathe, on base, be provided with one door type casing column, in the doorframe of described gate-type casing column, be provided with by servo lifter and drive along its whole frame balladeur train headstock that slides up and down, on the described whole frame balladeur train headstock vertical coaxial be provided with by the main motion servomotor synchronously driven on main shaft and lower main axis, described whole frame balladeur train headstock also is provided with the main shaft axial pressing device, described lower main axis is a hollow shaft, servo saddle combination base plate is packed on the described gate-type casing column, on described servo saddle combination base plate, be equipped with by the slide plate of profiling driven by servomotor along its horizontal slip, the billmpse tool that is in the same sagittal plane of main shaft and the boring cutter coaxial with described lower main axis are installed on described slide plate, described profiling servomotor, the main motion servomotor, the servomotor of servo lifter connects with digital control system, described servo riser structure is that the lifter case is located at described gate-type casing column top, servomotor is located on the lifter case, servomotor passes through driving key, small synchronous pulley, be with synchronously, big synchronous pulley and ball nut driving coupling, ball nut is by three combination bearings, cover is installed on the lifter case, and rolling lead screw is installed in the ball nut and by coupling sleeve and connects with whole frame balladeur train headstock.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, on described base, be provided with and mill workbench, being provided with hydraulic oil cylinder driving on described gate-type casing column sidewall moves anchor clamps and moves up and down along the steel guideway of described gate-type casing column sidewall, be provided with on described mobile anchor clamps top and laminate tight retinue oil cylinder, be provided with left milling head and right milling head by milling head position and angle regulator respectively milling on the workbench milling the processing ring.
Adopt the internal and external circle of piston ring cnc profiling vertical lathe of technique scheme, the piston ring of Vehicle Processing is folded to be pressed between the upper and lower main shaft, and main motion driven by servomotor piston ring is folded to rotate; Servo lifter drives whole frame balladeur train headstock and vertically moves; Profiling driven by servomotor billmpse tool and boring cutter are made radially forming movement, thereby realize the folded inside and outside circle cnc profiling turning processing of piston ring.The milling station is arranged on the column sidewall, moves anchor clamps by hydraulic oil cylinder driving and moves up and down along the steel guideway on the left of the column.The retinue oil cylinder on anchor clamps top will mill the processing ring and laminate tightly, the both sides of left and right milling head milling simultaneously gap-clearance of piston rings.
The present invention is provided with internal and external circle of piston ring turning and two stations of gap-clearance of piston rings milling on same lathe bed.The turning station comprises whole frame balladeur train headstock, servo lifter, hydraulic balance device, servo saddle combination and hydraulically powered mobile anchor clamps etc.The milling station comprises mobile anchor clamps and drive unit thereof, milling head, regulation device etc.The digital control system software and hardware has good man computer interface and guarantees that each parts of lathe are by the corresponding program co-ordination.
Characteristics of the present invention are: cam and transmission mechanism thereof that cancellation was habitual in the past, and machine tool structure is simplified greatly, and the machining accuracy of workpiece, assistant adjustment work all improve; The internal and external circle of piston ring data are placed in the computer, and the corresponding a kind of data of the piston ring of each model are called conveniently, and can be revised data at any time according to actual conditions, to improve the serviceability of piston ring; AC servo motor and gapless flexible transmission are adopted in the servo saddle combination, and precision height, response are soon; Lathe is a multistation, and turnning and milling is on same lathe, and is easy to operate, the production efficiency height; Adopt whole frame balladeur train headstock, the rigidity and the service life of improving lathe.
The main motion servomotor is contained on the gate-type casing column top, by will the move transmission power shaft of the whole frame balladeur train headstock of input of shaft coupling, upper and lower two gears of power transmission shaft are the upper and lower main shaft in the whole frame balladeur train of intermediate setting wheel transmission headstock respectively through reductor.
Servo lifter also is contained on the gate-type casing column top, and it is upper and lower mobile to drive whole frame balladeur train headstock by rolling lead screw.
The balancing cylinder that connects with whole frame balladeur train headstock is installed in the column top, and adjustable fuel-economizing pressure is set the pulling force of oil cylinder, and the gravity of the whole frame balladeur train of balance headstock reduces the load of servo lifter.
The servo saddle combination base plate gate-type casing column of packing into from the back side.Regulate the right back angle that screw mandrel is contained in gate-type casing column, be furnished with dial, be used for regulating the Vehicle Processing diameter dimension.Servomotor is accepted the instruction rotating certain angle of digital control system, and the effect of excentric sleeve and plate shape flexible drive parts is the straight-line displacement that the motor corner is converted to slide plate, changes boring cutter and the lathe tool radial position folded with respect to piston ring.The corner rule of servomotor is converted to the inside and outside round wire of piston ring.
Described main shaft axial pressing device is provided with oil cylinder for to be provided with the central shaft coaxial with last main shaft in the balladeur train body between central shaft and balladeur train body, piston and last main shaft coaxial package are on described central shaft.
In sum, the present invention a kind ofly is placed on internal and external circle of piston ring shape line data in the computer, and realizes the motion of lathe tool by fast response servo mechanism, reaches the internal and external circle of piston ring cnc profiling vertical lathe of finishing pistons ring abnormity inside and outside circle purpose.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is elaborated.
Referring to Fig. 1, base 1 is an expanded letter box-shaped foundry goods, is the basic part of lathe, and turning station and milling station all are arranged on the base, are provided with the cooling fluid channel of chip removal in the base.
Gate-type casing column 2 is gate-type casings that are welded by quality steel plate, is installed on the base 1.Its left side is that piston ring mills the opening station, and the steel guideway on the facade is used for installing mobile anchor clamps 15; The centre is a piston ring turning station, is provided with roll left moving guide rail 39 and right rolling guide 31 in the door, the just motion therein of whole frame balladeur train headstock 5.
The servo saddle combination base plate 3 of the internal and external circle of piston ring servo saddle combination gate-type casing column 2 of packing into from the back side is equipped with boring bar seat 19 and cylindrical cutter holder 13 on the slide plate 110 of servo saddle combination base plate 3, is used for circle boring bar and billmpse tool in the clamping respectively.
Adjusting screw mandrel 4 is contained in the right lateral side of gate-type casing column 2, is used for regulating the Vehicle Processing diameter dimension.
Whole frame balladeur train headstock 5 can move up and down along the left and right rolling guide 39,31 of gate-type casing column 2 inboards, and the motion of main servo motor 8 is through the transmission power shaft 35 of reductor 7 and the whole frame balladeur train headstock 5 of shaft coupling 59 inputs.The transmission power shaft about in the of 35 two gears motion is passed to last lower main axis 33,79 in the whole frame balladeur train headstock 5 through intermediate setting wheel respectively.
Vehicle Processing piston ring folded 6 is pressed on the upper and lower of upper and lower main shaft of whole frame balladeur train headstock 5 and takes over a business between 41,43.
Balancing cylinder 9 is installed in gate-type casing column 2 tops, and adjustable fuel-economizing pressure is set the pulling force of oil cylinder, the gravity of the whole frame balladeur train of balance headstock 5.
Servo lifter 11 is contained on gate-type casing column 2 tops, and servomotor 10 drives the ball nut that rolls screw pair through synchronous pulley, and screw mandrel is moved up and down, and drives whole frame balladeur train headstock 5 through hookup and moves up and down, and realizes the turning feed.
The setting of operating platform 17 is for the ease of the conversion between the folded station of piston ring, reduces labor intensity.
Milling pedestal 20 is fixed on the base 1 near gate-type casing column 2 left sides.
Referring to accompanying drawing 2, right milling head 18 and left milling head 25 are contained in couples and mill on the workbench 26 and be respectively equipped with the angular adjustment flap and the position adjustments slide plate.
The milling station is arranged on the column left side, is moved up and down by the steel guideway of the mobile anchor clamps 15 of oil cylinder 12 drivings along gate-type casing column 2 left sides.The retinue oil cylinder 14 on mobile anchor clamps 15 tops will mill processing ring folded 16 and compress, the both sides of left side milling head 25 and 18 gap-clearances of piston rings of milling simultaneously of right milling head, two milling heads respectively have a motor-driven, and milling head is fixed on and mills on the workbench 26, and the position of milling head and angle can be regulated respectively.Speed regulating control valve 24 is used for controlling the milling worker and advances and F.F..
Hydraulic system pumping plant 27, for this lathe provides hydraulic power: turner position piston ring compresses, the gravitational equilibrium of balladeur train headstock, miller position piston ring laminate tightly, the moving anchor clamps of miller displacement send cutter.
The totally-enclosed outer protection 21 of lathe is used for guaranteeing safely cleaning production, beautifies moulding.Suspension type button station 22 is positioned at the lathe left front, the cylinder 23 that opens the door, and the speed regulating control valve 24 of mobile anchor clamps mills the piston ring of machining state and folds 16, is hydraulic system pumping plant 27.
Referring to accompanying drawing 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the balladeur train body 28 of whole frame balladeur train headstock 5 is shaped as frame steel-casting casings of a sealing, and by four rolling slide blocks 30,32,40,42, left and right sides rolling guide 39,31 is connected with lathe gate-type casing column 2.Power transmission shaft 35 is contained in the balladeur train body 28.The upper end of central shaft 38 is equipped with spindle encoder 37.What link to each other with central shaft 38 has master cylinder fixed cover 36, goes up main bearing seat 34, goes up main shaft 33 and upper rminal disc 41.Balladeur train body 28 belows are equipped with down 43 and lower flange 44.Power transmission shaft 35 is installed in the balladeur train body 28 by bearing, and its top joins by shaft coupling 59 and main servo motor 8 and reductor 7, power transmission shaft 35 upper transfer gear 48 and lower transmissioning gear 47 be housed.On last jackshaft 57 and the following jackshaft 81 idler gear 54,46 is housed respectively.Oil cylinder 68 is contained in the oil cylinder fixed cover 36, and piston 64 usefulness alignment pins 61 prevent to rotate.Last collar bush gear 71 meshes with upper transfer gear 48, and by key 70 moment of torsion is passed to main shaft 33.Central shaft 38 is fixed on the oil cylinder 68, and round nut 55 is equipped with in its lower end, thrust bearing 58, back-moving spring 53.Upper rminal disc 41 is connected on the centering seam of main shaft 33, and has adopted location trundle 72.
Lower main axis 79 is by bearing 77,80,75, and lower main axis bearing 74 links to each other with balladeur train body 28, and lower main axis 79 is the coaxial hollow shaft that passes boring bar 117 of energy, and lower main axis sleeve gear 76 meshes with idler gear 46, and by key moment of torsion is passed to lower main axis 79.Take over a business 43 down and be connected on the centering seam of lower main axis 79, and adopted location trundle 50.
The 51st, location drive flange, the 52nd, rolling spline pair, the 63rd, the rolling bearing of supporting rolling spline, the 65th, the rolling bearing of collar bush in the supporting, the 66th, cylindrical roller thrust bearing, the 67th, bearing block, the 69th, rolling bearing.
The rotation of main servo motor 8 is through shaft coupling 59 and reductor 7 input shafts 35, and upper transfer gear 48 on the power transmission shaft 35 and lower transmissioning gear 47 be collar bush gear 71 and lower main axis sleeve gear 76 in idler gear 54,46 difference transmissions.Upper and lower collar bush 71,76 gears will be moved by driving key and pass to main shaft 33 and lower main axis 79 respectively.
Piston ring folded 6 places upper and lowerly takes over a business in the middle of 41,43, when pressure oil enters oil cylinder from directed pin-and-hole 61, promoting piston 64 moves down along central shaft 38, impeller-hub bearing 67, cylindrical roller thrust bearing 66 move down, thrust is passed to main shaft 33 to upper rminal disc 41, just piston ring folded 6 is compressed, and the frictional force that relies on thrust to form makes piston ring folded 6 take over a business 41,43 and rotate synchronously with upper and lower.
Drive whole frame balladeur train headstock 5 upper and lower moving in left and right rolling guide 39,31 by servo lifter 11 in addition, form the turning campaign.
Referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, servomotor 93 is located on the lifter case 82, servomotor 93 by driving key 98, small synchronous pulley 97, be with 99 synchronously, big synchronous pulley 100 and ball nut 85 driving coupling, ball nut 85 is installed on the lifter case 82 by three combination bearings 88, cover 90, and rolling lead screw 92 is installed in the ball nut 85 and by coupling sleeve 83 and connects with whole frame balladeur train headstock 5.
The servomotor 93 of lifter case 82 is driven by control instruction, and through being with 99 to be delivered to ball nut 85 synchronously, ball nut 85 rotates and makes screw mandrel 92 liftings, drives whole frame balladeur train headstock 5 by the control instruction elevating movement by coupling sleeve 83.
Referring to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, servo saddle combination base plate 3 is fixed on the rear side of lathe gate-type casing column 2 by screw 106, and the guide rail 113 of two horizontal linear guideways is installed on servo saddle combination base plate 3.The slide block 112 of four line slideway auxiliaries is installed on the slide plate 110, billmpse tool seat 111 and boring bar seat 19 are housed on slide plate 110, cylindrical cutter holder 13 and billmpse tool 115 are installed on the billmpse tool seat 111, boring bar 117 and boring cutter 116 are installed on the boring bar seat 19.Profiling servomotor 102 is installed on the servo saddle combination base plate 3, excentric sleeve 107 is housed on the output shaft of profiling servomotor 102, the endoporus of connector 109 is connected with bearing 108 with excentric sleeve, and its other end connects firmly with plate shape flexible drive parts 103 with screw 104, alignment pin 105.The other end of tabular flexible drive parts 103 is connected with slide plate 110 with alignment pin with screw.
The profiling servomotor is accepted the instruction rotating certain angle of digital control system, the effect of excentric sleeve 107 and plate shape flexible drive parts 103 is the straight-line displacements that the motor corner are converted to slide plate 110, changes the radial position with respect to piston ring folded 6 of boring cutter 116 and lathe tool 115.The corner rule of profiling servomotor 102 is converted to the inside and outside round wire of piston ring.
Lubricated and sealing is the important setting on the lathe, and this lathe is provided with the self-lubricate pumping plant, and movement parts, each lubricated point of driving member adopt self-lubricate.
In order to accomplish cleaner production, the totally-enclosed protection in processing district, big flow cooling fluid are washed away chip removal, cooling.
This lathe can dispose online measurement mechanism.
Operation of machine tool is undertaken by control system with programming, and this machine tool control system adopts the combination of accurate digital control system and industrial workstation, requires friendly interface, interface flexible, and programming is easily, and is simple to operate, and the system reliability height, good stability.
Programming and surveying work all carry out on lathe.Progress of starting sequence, by piston ring drawing requirement input piston ring parameter and selection machined parameters, digital control system forms the control data (finished product only need call former data) that adds man-hour automatically; Utilize the actual processing dimension of on-line measurement measurement device after the processing, can show mismachining tolerance; Can be according to the error correction control data, to improve the machining accuracy of workpiece.
The machining piston ring folds inside and outside circle, it is as follows to mill opening work step process:
The turner position:
(N1) will place balladeur train to be positioned at the upper of original position with the clamping of ring folder behind the reason material on the resonable ring device of piston ring to be processed; Under take over a business 41; 43,→ ( N2 ) → ( N3 ) → ( N4 ) → ( N5 ) → ( N6 ) 8→ ( N7 ) 102→ ( N8 ) → ( N9 ) → ( N10 ) → ( N11 ) → ( N12 ) → ( N13 ) → ( N14 ) → ( N15 ) → ( N16 ) → ( N17 ) → ( N18 ) → ( N19 ) → ( N20 ) → ( N1 ) 。
The miller position:
(N1) the folded ring clamping of piston ring that Vehicle Processing is intact places between the upper and lower pressing plate of miller position zero-bit and locatees, → (N2) compress → (N3) close the milling cooling of automatically-controlled door → (N4) to open → (N5) left and right milling head start simultaneously → the descending worker of anchor clamps of (N6) the descending F.F. of anchor clamps → (N7) advances → (N8) the anchor clamps worker enter the position stop → (N9) anchor clamps are up retreats to the cutter motor of original position → (N10) soon and stops → (N11) the milling cooling stops → (N12) opens the door, take off the folded piston ring that machines → (N1) and load onto next overlapping piece to wait to mill the piston ring of processing folded.