CN1308198C - Automatic tightening device of belt conveyor - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic tensioning control device for belt conveyors, suitable for full-core belt conveyors and long-distance belt conveyors with large elongation, the purpose of which is to adjust the range of tensioning strokes, control the tension accurately, and The speed is smooth and adjustable. The present invention includes a tension monitoring device, a hydraulic device and a hydraulic winch; the tension monitoring device includes a force measuring cylinder, a pressure sensor, a shut-off valve and a pressure gauge; The oil ports are connected, and the pressure gauge is connected to the vent port of the rod cavity of the force measuring cylinder; the hydraulic device includes a hydraulic pump, an electromagnetic reversing valve, an overflow valve, a manual reversing valve, a hydraulic control check valve, and an electromagnetic proportional switch. Directional valve, one-way throttle valve, one-way valve, throttle valve, oil tank, oil circuit; the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is respectively connected to the tension monitoring device through the one-way valve, the rod chamber of the hydraulic winch locking cylinder and the The three parts of the hydraulic winch drive circuit are connected.

Description

Belt conveyor automatic tensioning device

technical field

The invention relates to an automatic tensioning device for a belt conveyor, in particular to an automatic tensioning device which adopts a hydraulic winch to tension the belt.

Background technique

The belt tension control device is the main component of the belt conveyor. Its function is to ensure that the belt has sufficient tension when the conveyor is working, and to ensure that there is a gap between the belt and the drive roller during starting, braking and normal operation. The required friction without slipping, and at the same time limit the sag of the tape between the supporting rollers to prevent the tape from spilling. At present, most of the belt conveyor tensioning devices used in China use hydraulic cylinders as tensioning elements. Although this hydraulic cylinder tensioning device can adjust the tension of the belt, it can meet the tension required by the belt during starting, braking and normal working conditions. Different tension requirements. But there are still many deficiencies: the hydraulic cylinder cannot have a large tensioning stroke due to structural limitations, so the adjustment range of this hydraulic cylinder tensioning device is small, and it is only suitable for short-distance belt conveyors; In a high-pressure state, the seal and hydraulic parts are damaged, the system leaks, and the belt tension drops sharply, slipping, wear and other accidents that affect safety in production; the hydraulic cylinder tensioning device cannot adjust the speed of tensioning the belt; if the electronic control If the device fails, the entire tensioning device will not work properly.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide an automatic belt conveyor tensioning device with a large adjustment range of the tension stroke, precise control of the tension force, and stable and adjustable tension speed.

The invention includes a tension monitoring device, a hydraulic device and a hydraulic winch. The hydraulic winch includes a hydraulic winch motor, locking device, coupling and winch drum. The locking device is composed of a locking oil cylinder and a series of friction plates. The hydraulic winch is braked quickly and accurately through the friction plates without causing the drum of the hydraulic winch to reverse, and the tension force can be adjusted steplessly. Force adjustment fluctuations are small.

The tension monitoring device includes a force measuring oil cylinder, a pressure sensor, a stop valve and a pressure gauge. The force-measuring cylinder adopts a single-acting piston cylinder, and the oil inlet of the rodless chamber is blocked. An air release valve is installed above the rodless chamber, and an air release valve with a pressure gauge joint is installed above the rod chamber. valve. The shut-off valve is connected with the oil inlet of the rod chamber of the dynamometer cylinder through the pressure sensor, and the pressure gauge is connected with the air release port of the rod chamber of the dynamometer cylinder.

The hydraulic device includes a hydraulic pump, electromagnetic reversing valve, relief valve, manual reversing valve, hydraulic control check valve, electromagnetic proportional relief valve, one-way throttle valve, check valve, throttle valve, fuel tank and oil road. The oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is respectively connected with three parts: the rod cavity of the force measuring cylinder of the tension monitoring device, the rod cavity of the hydraulic winch locking cylinder and the hydraulic winch drive circuit through the check valve. On the drive circuit of the hydraulic winch, the electromagnetic reversing valve and the manual reversing valve are connected in series. The one-way valve and the throttle valve are connected with the clockwise rotation inlet (also called A port) of the hydraulic winch motor; the right function outlet (also called B port) of the manual reversing valve is connected to the hydraulic pressure through the one-way throttle valve. On the counterclockwise rotation inlet (also called B port) of the winch motor.

The winch drum is installed on the base of the hydraulic winch, the hydraulic winch motor is installed on the side of the winch drum through a coupling, and the locking device is installed on the other side of the winch drum, and locked by a locking cylinder.

The present invention also includes an electric control device, which includes a working state knob, a programmable controller, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital-to-analog converter and a signal amplifier. The working state knob can choose between automatic and manual working states. The analog-to-digital converter receives the signal from the pressure sensor in the tension monitoring device and converts it into a digital signal and sends it to the programmable controller. Part of the signal output by the programmable controller directly controls the opening and closing of each solenoid valve, while the other part of the output signal is converted into a voltage or current signal proportional to the digital quantity through a digital-to-analog converter, and after being amplified by a signal amplifier, Control the adjustment amount of the electromagnetic proportional relief valve.

The invention adopts a hydraulic winch to perform the tensioning action, and can store the rope according to the needs of the user's actual tensioning stroke, and can realize automatic tensioning of the belt within a large stroke range. After the belt conveyor starts and runs normally, the invention brakes the hydraulic winch to keep the tension of the belt. Then the hydraulic device stops working and is in a pressure-free state, which can prevent accidents such as tape tension drop, tape slipping, and wear caused by damage to seals, hydraulic components, and system leakage. Moreover, in the event of unexpected shutdown or power failure, the tensioning device can realize automatic braking, and at this time, it can still reliably ensure that the tape is in a tensioned state.

In the hydraulic device of the present invention, a parallel one-way valve and a throttle valve are connected in front of the port A of the hydraulic winch motor and a one-way throttle valve is installed in front of the B port to control the speed of the hydraulic winch, so that the belt can be quickly tensioned and smooth The slack function ensures the response speed of the entire device and its safety performance. The hydraulic device of the present invention is equipped with a manual reversing valve, which can artificially relax or tension the belt. After the electric control device fails, the entire automatic tensioning device can still work normally, which is also beneficial to the maintenance of the belt conveyor. .

The present invention is suitable for whole-core belt conveyors and long-distance belt conveyors with high elongation. The invention has a large adjustment range of the tension stroke, precise tension control, stable and adjustable tension speed, long service life and high reliability, and has two working modes of manual and automatic.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic device and a tension monitoring device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall installation structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the electric control device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Fuel tank, 2. Hydraulic pump, 3. Relief valve, 4. Check valve, 5. Stop valve, 6. Pressure sensor, 7. Hydraulic winch locking cylinder, 8. Winch drum, 9. Belt Type conveyor tensioning trolley, 10, tape, 11, force measuring cylinder, 12, right pulley of tensioning trolley, 13, pressure gauge, 14, force measuring cylinder base, 15, steel wire rope, 16, fixed pulley, 17, fixed pulley Base, 18. Left pulley of tension trolley, 19. Coupling, 20. One-way throttle valve, 21. Hydraulic winch motor, 22. Throttle valve, 23. One-way valve, 24. Electromagnetic proportional overflow valve, 25. Hydraulic control check valve, 26. Manual reversing valve, 27. Electromagnetic reversing valve, 28. Hydraulic winch base, 29. Hydraulic device, 30. Oil pipe, 31. Cable, 32. Electric control device, 33. Belt conveyor rack.

Detailed ways

The force-measuring cylinder (11) is refitted from an ordinary single-acting piston cylinder. The oil inlet of the rodless chamber is blocked, and an air release valve is installed above the rodless chamber, while a pressure gauge with a pressure gauge is installed above the rod chamber. bleed valve for the connector.

Stop valve (5) is connected with the rod cavity oil inlet of dynamometer cylinder (11) through pressure sensor (6), and pressure gauge (13) is connected on the air discharge port of dynamometer cylinder with rod cavity. During belt tensioning and constant tension operation of the conveyor, the tension monitoring device provides real-time and accurate belt tension values, which are fed back to the electronic control device, and the control program controls the hydraulic device and hydraulic winch to achieve belt tensioning Precise adjustment of force.

The oil outlet of the hydraulic pump (2) passes through the overflow valve (3), the check valve (4) and the tension monitoring device, the rod chamber of the hydraulic winch locking cylinder (7) and the drive circuit of the hydraulic winch respectively. partially connected. On the drive circuit of the hydraulic winch, the electromagnetic reversing valve (27) and the manual reversing valve (26) are connected in series, and the A port of the manual reversing valve (26) is connected in series with the hydraulic control check valve (25), electromagnetic proportional overflow Valve (24) and parallel check valve (23) and throttle valve (22) are connected with the A port of hydraulic winch motor (21) again. The B port of the manual reversing valve (26) is connected to the B port of the hydraulic winch motor (21) through the one-way throttle valve (20).

The present invention can choose automatic and manual two working modes.

Automatic working mode: According to the requirements of the tension force of the conveyor, the starting tension force and the normal tension force of the belt are set by the initial parameters. Wait for the main control signal of the conveyor, and after receiving the signal to allow starting, complete the control of the constant tension of the belt in the starting section and the normal running section under the control of the control program, and the control of the flexible change from the starting tension to the normal running tension. . The specific process is that after the pump starts, the electromagnetic reversing valve changes direction, and the programmable control output signal controls the pressure of the electromagnetic proportional valve, so that the belt reaches the starting tension. After a delay for a period of time, after the conveyor starts, the programmable controller controls The pressure of the electromagnetic proportional valve makes the belt reach the tension of the normal operation of the conveyor. When the normal operating condition of the belt is reached, the hydraulic winch is braked to maintain the tension of the belt. Then the hydraulic station stopped working, and the whole hydraulic device was in a pressureless state. Afterwards, when the tension monitoring device detects that the tension drops, the hydraulic device will be restarted, and the hydraulic winch will be driven to tighten the belt until the tension does not exceed the allowable range of error, and then enter the tension monitoring state until the conveyor sends a signal to stop the belt. , the whole device stops working.

Manual working mode: when the electronic control device of the present invention fails or for maintenance and repair of the belt conveyor, the working state knob can be switched to manual state, artificially control the belt tension or relaxation, and according to the tension monitoring device The displayed data to adjust the tape tension.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of belt conveyer automatic takeup is characterized in that including tension monitor, hydraulic efficiency gear (29) and hydraulic wireline winch; Hydraulic wireline winch includes hydraulic wireline winch motor (21), latching device, coupler (19) and winch drum (8); Latching device is made up of locking cylinder (7) and a series of friction lining; Tension monitor includes dynamometry oil cylinder (11), pressure sensor (6), shutoff valve (5) and compression indicator (13); Dynamometry oil cylinder (11) is to adopt the single action piston cylinder; Shutoff valve (5) is connected with the rod chamber oil inlet of dynamometry oil cylinder (11) through pressure sensor (6), and compression indicator (13) is connected on the relief port of dynamometry oil cylinder (11) rod chamber; Hydraulic efficiency gear includes Hydraulic Pump (2), solenoid directional control valve (27), by pass valve (3), hand change over valve (26), hydraulic control one-way valve (25), electromagnetic proportion relief valve (24), one-way throttle valve (20), check valve (4), flow regulating valve (22), fuel tank (1) and oil circuit; The oil outlet of Hydraulic Pump (2) links to each other with the rod chamber and the hydraulic wireline winch driving loop of tension monitor, hydraulic wireline winch locking cylinder respectively through by pass valve (3), check valve (4); Drive on the loop at hydraulic wireline winch, connecting solenoid directional control valve (27) and hand change over valve (26), left side position function outlet (A mouth) serial connection hydraulic control one-way valve (25), electromagnetic proportion relief valve (24) and the check valve (4) and the flow regulating valve (22) in parallel of hand change over valve (26) are connected with the clickwise inlet (A mouth) of hydraulic wireline winch motor (21) again; The right position function outlet (B mouth) of hand change over valve (26) is linked on the left-hand revolution inlet (B mouth) of hydraulic wireline winch motor (21) by one-way throttle valve (20); Winch drum (8) is installed on the hydraulic wireline winch base (28), and hydraulic wireline winch motor (21) is installed to winch drum (8) side by coupler (19), and latching device is installed in the opposite side of winch drum (8), locks by locking cylinder (7).

2, belt conveyer automatic takeup as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the rodless cavity oil inlet of dynamometry oil cylinder (11) stops up, and aie escape valve is housed above rodless cavity, and the aie escape valve of a band pressure gauge joint then is housed above rod chamber.

3, belt conveyer automatic takeup as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that also including electrical controller, this electrical controller includes mode of operation knob, Programmable Logic Controller, analog digital energy converter, digital simulation energy converter and signal amplifier; The mode of operation knob can be selected in automatic, manual two kinds of mode of operations; The analog digital energy converter receives the signal from pressure sensor (6) in the tension force control monitor unit, becomes digital signal and delivers in the Programmable Logic Controller; Each electromagnetic valve of signal part direct control of Programmable Logic Controller output switching, output another part signal then converts to and proportional voltage of this digital quantity or current signal through the digital simulation energy converter, and through after the signal amplifier amplification, the regulated quantity of control electromagnetic proportion relief valve (24).

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