CN1307120C - 混凝土用抗菌剂、混凝土组合物以及混凝土制品 - Google Patents
混凝土用抗菌剂、混凝土组合物以及混凝土制品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1307120C CN1307120C CNB021515832A CN02151583A CN1307120C CN 1307120 C CN1307120 C CN 1307120C CN B021515832 A CNB021515832 A CN B021515832A CN 02151583 A CN02151583 A CN 02151583A CN 1307120 C CN1307120 C CN 1307120C
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- Prior art keywords
- concrete
- copper
- silver
- antibacterial agent
- compound
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229940100890 silver compound Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000003379 silver compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FJOLTQXXWSRAIX-UHFFFAOYSA-K silver phosphate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O FJOLTQXXWSRAIX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000161 silver phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940019931 silver phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- ZXSQEZNORDWBGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-one Chemical compound C1=CN=C2NC(=O)CC2=C1 ZXSQEZNORDWBGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RAOSIAYCXKBGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Cu+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [Cu+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RAOSIAYCXKBGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001958 silver carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver carbonate Substances [Ag].[O-]C([O-])=O LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 30
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000605118 Thiobacillus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 silver ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940037001 sodium edetate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004308 thiabendazole Substances 0.000 description 3
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960004546 thiabendazole Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000010296 thiabendazole Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021594 Copper(II) fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000605716 Desulfovibrio Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYRYXMMLABKWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].CCNCC Chemical compound [Na].CCNCC FYRYXMMLABKWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromocopper(1+) Chemical compound Br[Cu+] ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GWFAVIIMQDUCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Cu+2] GWFAVIIMQDUCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QYCVHILLJSYYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;oxalate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O QYCVHILLJSYYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940071106 ethylenediaminetetraacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011866 long-term treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940071536 silver acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940096017 silver fluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- REYHXKZHIMGNSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monofluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Ag+] REYHXKZHIMGNSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XNGYKPINNDWGGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver oxalate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O XNGYKPINNDWGGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver sulfate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000367 silver sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 229910021512 zirconium (IV) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
- F16L47/14—Flanged joints
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/20—Copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators or shrinkage compensating agents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L23/00—Flanged joints
- F16L23/02—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially
- F16L23/024—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially characterised by how the flanges are joined to, or form an extension of, the pipes
- F16L23/028—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially characterised by how the flanges are joined to, or form an extension of, the pipes the flanges being held against a shoulder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L23/00—Flanged joints
- F16L23/02—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially
- F16L23/032—Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially characterised by the shape or composition of the flanges
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/67—Biocides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
提供一种对于造成混凝土腐蚀的细菌特别是污水设施等中的硫氧化细菌、硫还原细菌、产羧酸细菌等具有优良抗菌效果的混凝土用抗菌剂、含有该抗菌剂的混凝土组合物以及使用其制造的混凝土制品。即,提供含有银化合物、铜化合物和离子保持化合物的混凝土用抗菌剂、含有该抗菌剂的混凝土组合物、使用其制造的混凝土制品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及混凝土用抗菌剂,更详细地说,涉及对于污水处理设施等中的造成混凝土腐蚀的细菌硫还原细菌和硫氧化细菌显示抑制效果的混凝土用抗菌剂。本发明进一步涉及含有上述混凝土用抗菌剂的混凝土组合物和混凝土制品。
背景技术
以前由于污水处理设施等产生的硫化氢或硫酸的作用,存在混凝土制的构造物和管道腐蚀的问题。这种腐蚀的原因确认是由于土壤或水中生存的硫杆菌属等的硫氧化细菌和脱硫弧菌属等的硫还原细菌的作用,污水中的硫酸盐经由亚硫酸盐或硫最终生成的硫酸。生成的硫酸通过与混凝土的化学反应,使混凝土变成石膏等脆化物质,一气降低、损伤混凝土构造物和管道的强度。迄今为止,作为处理这种腐蚀的技术,一直是换气、投入中和剂、采用耐腐蚀材料进行表面处理等,在长期处理和维护方面并不能说是充分的对策。
之后,为了解决这些问题,提出了在混凝土组合物中混入对硫还原细菌具有抗菌作用的噻苯达唑(チアベンタゾ一ル)等有机药物、镍金属等(参见专利文献1),或者担载了抗菌性金属离子的无机粉末(参见专利文献2)从而防止腐蚀的技术。特别是在混凝土中添加担载了抗菌性金属离子的无机粉末的技术不仅对硫氧化细菌,而且对硫还原细菌、产羧酸细菌也具有抑制繁殖效果,是一种有用的技术。另外,为了赋予混凝土构造物给定的强度,有必要使混凝土组合物中含有的水泥、骨材、水的配比在给定的范围内。因此,存在下述问题,即不能在混凝土组合物中充分添加为了给混凝土构造物赋予抑制细菌繁殖效果的必要量的担载了抗菌性金属离子的无机粉末。
【专利文献1】特开平4-149053号公报(第2页右上栏第12行~左下栏第4行)
【专利文献2】特开平9-60768号公报(第2页右栏第7行~第47行)
发明内容
本发明的第1个目的在于提供一种混凝土用抗菌剂,其对于造成混凝土腐蚀的细菌,特别是污水设施等中的硫氧化细菌、硫还原细菌、产羧酸细菌等具有优良抗菌效果。
本发明的第2个目的在于提供一种混凝土用抗菌剂,其能够给任意配比的混凝土组合物赋予对造成混凝土腐蚀的细菌的优良抗菌效果。
本发明的第3个目的在于提供一种含有上述混凝土用抗菌剂的混凝土组合物。
本发明的第4个目的在于提供一种含有上述混凝土用抗菌剂的混凝土制品。
本发明的第5个目的在于提供一种使用上述混凝土组合物制造的混凝土制品。
本发明提供以下的混凝土用抗菌剂、混凝土组合物、混凝土制品。
1、一种混凝土用抗菌剂,其中含有银化合物、铜化合物和离子保持化合物。
2、如上述1所述的混凝土用抗菌剂,其中,银化合物为选自碳酸银、氧化银和磷酸银的至少1种。
3、如上述1或2所述的混凝土用抗菌剂,其中,铜化合物为选自碳酸铜、氧化铜、磷酸铜和氢氧化铜的至少1种。
4、一种混凝土组合物,其中含有上述1~3中任意一项所述的混凝土用抗菌剂。
5、一种混凝土制品,其中含有上述1~3中任意一项所述的混凝土用抗菌剂。
6、一种混凝土制品,它使用上述4所述的混凝土组合物制得。
发明的实施方式
本发明提供含有银化合物、铜化合物以及离子保持化合物的混凝土用抗菌剂。
本发明中通过将作为混凝土腐蚀抑制成分的大量含有银和铜的银化合物和铜化合物配合,能够制备对于任何配比的混凝土组合物均可以赋予充分抗菌性的混凝土组合物。另外,本发明中通过配合离子保持化合物,能够有效抑制有用的银和铜成分的溶出,长时间维持优良的抗菌作用。
因此,本发明的混凝土用抗菌剂能够长时期抑制细菌引起的混凝土腐蚀,维持混凝土制品的正常状态。
本发明中使用的银化合物只要是含有银的就不特别限定,优选大量含有银的银化合物,例如希望是含有银40质量%以上,更优选60质量%以上,最优选75质量%以上的银化合物。作为优选的银化合物的实例,例如可举出酸银(银含有率78%)、氧化银(银含有率93%)、磷酸银(银含有率87%)、氯化银(银含有率75%)、氟化银(银含有率85%)、碘化银(银含有率46%)、溴化银(银含有率57%)、硝酸银(银含有率63%)、硫酸银(银含有率69%)、醋酸银(银含有率65%)、草酸银(银含有率71%)、银沸石(例如银含有率5%)等。其中,从与污水接触时适当溶解、易于发挥抗菌效果的观点出发,特别优选碳酸银、氧化银、磷酸银。另外,作为与污水接触时适当溶解的标准,按人工污水中的银溶解度计为10~1000ppm较为合适。
人工污水的组成如下所述。
蛋白胨67mg/L、葡萄糖67mg/L、
氯化铵156mg/L、磷酸二氢钾12mg/L、磷酸氢二钾12mg/L
在混凝土组合物中添加上述银化合物的量相对于水泥量按银量计0.1~2.0质量%较为合适。银化合物的量如果少于上述范围,则抗菌效果不充分,即使比上述范围多,也不能进一步提高抗菌效果,不经济。
本发明中使用的铜化合物只要是含有铜的就没有特别的限定,优选大量含有铜的铜化合物,例如希望是含有铜25质量%以上,更优选50质量%以上,最优选60质量%以上的铜化合物。作为优选的铜化合物的实例,例如可举出碳酸铜(铜含有率68%)、氧化铜(铜含有率80%)、磷酸铜(铜含有率50%)、氢氧化铜(铜含有率65%)、氯化铜(铜含有率47%)、氟化铜(铜含有率63%)、碘化铜(铜含有率33%)、溴化铜(铜含有率28%)、硝酸铜(铜含有率34%)、硫酸铜(铜含有率40%)、醋酸铜(铜含有率35%)、草酸铜(铜含有率42%)、铜沸石(例如铜含有率5%)等。其中,从与污水接触时适当溶解、易于发挥抗菌效果的观点出发,特别优选碳酸铜、氧化铜、磷酸铜、氢氧化铜。另外,作为与污水接触时适当溶解的标准,按人工污水中的铜溶解度计为10~1000ppm较为合适。
在混凝土组合物中添加上述铜化合物的量相对于水泥量按铜量计0.5~2.5质量%较为合适。铜化合物的量如果少于上述范围,则抗菌效果不充分,即使比上述范围多,也不能进一步提高抗菌效果,不经济。
本发明中使用的离子保持化合物是指能够与溶解的银离子和铜离子结合抑制银离子和铜离子溶出的化合物。作为这种离子保持化合物的实例,例如可举出氧化铝、氧化铁、二氧化硅、含水氧化钛、含水氧化锡、含水氧化锆、含水氧化锑等氧化物,磷钼酸盐、磷钨酸盐等杂多酸,沸石(结晶性铝硅酸盐)、乙二胺四乙酸盐、三硝基三乙酸盐等螯合物,三聚磷酸盐、六偏磷酸盐等磷酸盐。
上述离子保持化合物添加到混凝土组合物中的量相对于水泥量为10~60质量%较为合适。离子保持化合物的量如果少于上述范围,则抗菌效果的持续性不充分,即使比上述范围多,也不能进一步提高抗菌效果,不经济。
上述银化合物、铜化合物和离子保持化合物的粒径没有特别的限定,从制造混凝土时容易与水泥粉、细骨材、粗骨材等混合,而且容易得到均匀混合物的观点出发,优选是微粉末状,特别优选是平均粒径为0.001~0.1mm的微粉末。
本发明的混凝土用抗菌剂中银化合物、铜化合物和离子保持化合物的质量比率只要在上述范围内,就没有特别的限定,优选1∶0.1∶1~1∶10∶80,更优选1∶0.5∶8~1∶5∶40。
本发明的混凝土用抗菌剂可以直接添加到水、水泥粉、细骨材、粗骨材等混凝土原料中,或者也可以添加到水、水泥粉、细骨材、粗骨材等混凝土原料的至少1种中,预先制造混凝土组合物,再使用该混凝土组合物。
本发明的混凝土用抗菌剂在水泥中的量优选0.5~3.0质量%,更优选0.8~1.5 质量%。混凝土用抗菌剂的量如果少于上述范围,则抗菌效果不充分,即使比上述范围多,也不能进一步提高抗菌效果,不经济。
本发明的混凝土用抗菌剂可以添加到任意配合的混凝土原料、混凝土组合物、混凝土制品中赋予抗菌性。作为这种混凝土制品的实例,可以例举以前公知的升降口(人孔)、钢筋混凝土管、箱形涵洞、预拌混凝土、砂浆等。另外,这些混凝土制品中也可以添加减水剂、助流剂、防锈剂、促凝剂、固化促进剂、凝结延迟剂、膨胀材料、飞灰(flyash)、熟料等。
这些混凝土制品的制造方法可以是以前公知的离心成型法和振动成型法等任意一种。
发明效果
适用本发明的混凝土用抗菌剂的混凝土制品不管任何配比的混凝土组合物均能够长期抑制细菌引起的混凝土腐蚀,维持正常状态。
实施例
以下,结合实施例更详细地说明本发明。
实施例1~5以及比较例1~3(混凝土用抗菌剂的制备以及砂浆供试体的制作)
在由水泥(普通波特兰水泥)100质量份、砂200质量份、水50质量份构成的砂浆成分中,以表1所示的量加入表1所示的银化合物、铜化合物、离子保持化合物,用砂浆混合机充分混合搅拌后,成型为4×4×10cm,制成砂浆供试体。作为比较例采用同样的方法,制备未添加的砂浆供试体和添加了平均粒径0.1mm的铜粉和噻苯达唑的砂浆供试体。各供试体的配合比例(质量份)如表1所示。
试验例1(砂浆供试体的微生物腐蚀试验)
在20±5℃下,将得到的砂浆供试体在硫杆菌(Thiobacillus thiooxidanse)的培养液(菌数106个/ml)中浸渍3个月。培养液的组成如表2所示。之后用锤子等使砂浆供试体割裂,在其面上喷雾1%酚酞溶液数秒,10分钟后,测定直到变为红色的位置的深度作为“腐蚀深度”。通过酚酞染色变为红色的部分为健全部分,没有变成红色的部分呈中性,是脆化的部分。这种没有变成红色的部分在深度方向的距离用游标卡尺每1面测定5处。由处理前的试样尺寸减去平均值,以其1/2作为腐蚀深度。腐蚀深度的测定值如表3所示。关于浸渍开始之前的“腐蚀深度”,任何试样均为0mm。
表1混凝土用抗菌剂的制备以及砂浆供试体的制作数据
| 试样No. | 银化合物 | 铜化合物 | 离子保持化合物 | |||
| 种类 | 配合量 | 种类 | 配合量 | 种类 | 配合量 | |
| 实施例1 | 碳酸银 | 0.3(按银计0.23) | 氢氧化铜 | 1.0(按铜计0.65) | 乙胺二四乙酸钠 | 10 |
| 实施例2 | 氧化银 | 0.9(按银计0.84) | 氢氧化铜 | 2.2(按铜计1.43) | 含水氧化锡 | 30 |
| 实施例3 | 磷酸银 | 1.2(按银计1.04) | 碳酸铜 | 0.8(按铜计0.54) | 乙二胺四乙酸钠 | 10 |
| 实施例4 | 磷酸银 | 2.0(按银计1.74) | 磷酸铜 | 2.0(按铜计1.00) | 二氧化硅 | 60 |
| 实施例5 | 银沸石 | 2.0(按银计0.10) | 氧化铜 | 3.0(按铜计2.40) | 沸石 | 50 |
| 比较例1 | 无抗菌成分 | |||||
| 比较例2 | 作为抗菌成分添加银粉3.0质量份 | |||||
| 比较例3 | 作为抗菌成分添加噻苯达唑3.0质量份 | |||||
| 比较例4 | 碳酸银 | 0.3(按银计0.23) | 无 | - | 乙二胺四乙酸钠 | 10 |
| 比较例5 | 无 | - | 碳酸铜 | 0.8(按铜计0.54) | 乙二胺四乙酸钠 | 10 |
(配合量的单位为质量份。)
表2硫杆菌培养液组成
| (NH4)2SO4 | 2.0g |
| CaCl2·2H2O | 0.3g |
| FeSO2·7H2O | 0.01g |
| KH2PO4 | 4.0g |
| MgSO4·7H2O | 0.3g |
| Na2S2O3·5H2O | 40.0g |
| 溴酚蓝 | 0.002g |
| 纯水 | 1L |
表3砂浆供试体的微生物腐蚀试验结果
| 试样No. | 腐蚀深度(平均值,mm) |
| 实施例1 | 0.0 |
| 实施例2 | 0.0 |
| 实施例3 | 0.0 |
| 实施例4 | 0.1 |
| 实施例5 | 0.1 |
| 比较例1 | 5.9 |
| 比较例2 | 2.1 |
| 比较例3 | 4.0 |
| 比较例4 | 1.5 |
| 比较例5 | 1.8 |
由表3可以得知,含有本发明的混凝土用抗菌剂的砂浆与以前的抗菌剂相比,抗菌作用长期持续。
Claims (3)
1、一种混凝土用抗菌剂,基本由银化合物、铜化合物和离子保持化合物组成,
其中银化合物为选自碳酸银、氧化银和磷酸银的至少1种,
铜化合物为选自碳酸铜、氧化铜、磷酸铜和氢氧化铜的至少1种,
其中混凝土用抗菌剂中银化合物、铜化合物和离子保持化合物的质量比为1∶0.1∶1~1∶10∶80。
2、一种混凝土组合物,含有权利要求1所述的混凝土用抗菌剂。
3、一种混凝土制品,含有权利要求1所述的混凝土用抗菌剂。
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- 2002-12-13 CN CNB021515832A patent/CN1307120C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004175772A (ja) | 2004-06-24 |
| US20040103823A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
| KR20040047502A (ko) | 2004-06-05 |
| US6752867B1 (en) | 2004-06-22 |
| CN1504434A (zh) | 2004-06-16 |
| JP4387097B2 (ja) | 2009-12-16 |
| KR20060014449A (ko) | 2006-02-15 |
| KR100821445B1 (ko) | 2008-04-10 |
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