CN1306125C - Protected drain pipeline - Google Patents

Abstract

The title of the present invention is: scientific pollution prevention sewage pipeline. Involved in the field of sewage. It is a system to solve the discharge of domestic sewage in multi-storey rooms. After learning the painful historical lessons of Amoy Garden in Hong Kong, it follows the curve with the fastest flow speed for the sewage, as shown in the lower right formula, and makes the flow trajectory to minimize the sediment to the limit. For harmful gases, set up a pipeline without sewage flowing through multiple places connected with the main pipeline to provide a flow space for harmful gases. The present invention is also provided with an automatic control valve that is opened by the momentum and buoyancy of water and closed by its own gravity. One is to prevent the gas flow between the pipelines, and the other is to set up a relatively closed automatic disinfection space. As long as the disinfectant is injected into the liquid storage bottle, the disinfectant will automatically, continuously and effectively disinfect the branch pipelines for a long period of time (within validity). It fundamentally eliminates many hidden dangers such as dirt deposition, pipe blockage, harmful gas spillage, and virus cross-transmission.

Description

Scientific prevention of sewage pipes

technical field

The invention relates to the field of sewage discharge.

Background technique

The physical properties, chemical properties, and biological characteristics of domestic sewage are completely different from those of domestic water. If we don't know enough about it, random emissions will bring us trouble. For the discharge of domestic sewage in the living room, domestic (foreign) usually utilize pipelines to add water-sealed devices to discharge domestic sewage at present.

If this device is to discharge domestic water, it can be said that it is perfect. It is a pity that domestic sewage is completely different from domestic water. It takes a long time for sewage to flow through branch pipes. During this time, dirt will naturally deposit, and the pipes will be blocked over the years. Although people have come up with some dredging methods, it is not easy to dredge and remove the dirt in the pipeline. Even if the pipeline is not blocked, the water level in the water seal cannot always maintain a certain height. , the sewage itself has a large energy, and it is released along the main pipeline, and the abnormally unpleasant and harmful gas in the pipeline is squeezed. To a certain extent, it will pass through the water seal and sneak into the living room, endangering our health silently. This situation also occurs from time to time in high temperature and low pressure weather. As we all know, dirt is a place where bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms breed and gather. Especially during the epidemic period, since the main sewage discharge pipeline is multi-layered and public, and the water seals are mostly turbid water seals, once epidemics occur, the gas will The spillover will inevitably lead to the cross-spread of the virus, which is hard to guard against. The ravages of SARS had a certain psychological impact on people, especially after the number of cases and the sewage system of Amoy Garden in Hong Kong were concerned by WHO experts and the media, fear and worry were not unreasonable, and only attention was paid to opening windows for ventilation and disinfection... It cannot fundamentally solve many problems such as dirt deposition, pipe blockage, harmful gas spillage, and virus cross-transmission. The painful lessons have made us more aware that hidden dangers that affect health and endanger life must not be taken lightly. Keeping in mind the danger and taking precautions before they happen, the development of safe, hygienic and scientific sewage pipelines should be as urgent and urgent as the development of vaccines and drugs.

Contents of the invention

The scientific prevention sewage pipeline is a system to solve the discharge of domestic sewage in multi-storey rooms. It is based on the painful historical lessons of Amoy Garden in Hong Kong, and uses relevant scientific knowledge to fundamentally eliminate many hidden dangers such as dirt deposition, pipe blockage, harmful gas spillage, and virus cross-spreading that are common in current domestic sewage discharge. The structure and working principle of system engineering are described as follows:

1. Main pipeline and pressure-stabilizing pipeline

The main pipeline is a common pipeline for residents to discharge domestic sewage in multi-storey buildings. When people discharge sewage, there are two physical processes that must be brought to our attention. 1. The pressure increases sharply: when the lower port of the pipeline has full-diameter discharge (due to the physical phenomena that will occur due to large discharge volume, small pipe diameter, or deposits, etc.), the main pipeline will form a closed space. Let the space volume be V ₀ , and the internal pressure be P ₀ . If the households discharge sewage into the pipe again at this time, the discharge will inevitably occupy the closed space and change the space volume. Let the space volume be V ₁ at this time. It is obvious that V ₁ should be less than V ₀ , and we record this relationship as V ₁ =εV ₀ (0<ε<1). According to the Boyle-Mariotte law (P ₀ V ₀ =P ₁ V ₁ ), the internal pressure P ₁ should be: P ₁ =P ₀ V ₀ /V ₁ =P ₀ /ε. If the new sewage discharge accounts for 1/3 of the confined space, then V ₁ =2V ₀ /3, and the internal pressure of the space is P ₁ =3P ₀ /2. This pressure change may not last for a long time, but due to the large change range and short action time, it will inevitably lead to the collapse of the water seal defense line, causing harmful gas to escape. We call this phenomenon pressure surge. Here, if we consider that some households discharge sewage hot water (discharged from the bath), the variation range of this pressure can be known from the gaseous equation P ₀ V ₀ /T ₀ = P ₁ V ₁ /T ₁ of the ideal gas will be bigger. I won't repeat them here.

2. Compressed gas: The phenomenon of compressed gas also occurs when the lower port of the pipeline is fully discharged, and at this time the upper residents have a certain amount of sewage discharged. Under this condition, the rapidly falling sewage will be like a leather bowl in the pump. The gas in the pipeline is compressed to cause a rapid flow of gas in the pipeline. This rapid flow of gas will inevitably impact the water seal and bring us harm. We call this phenomenon compressed gas.

Above we have analyzed the physical process of hazards (harmful gas rushing out of the water seal) in extreme cases (full-bore discharge from the lower port, and the main pipeline is in a sealed state). In fact, harm can occur when this extreme degree is not reached. The goals we are considering now are: ① Even in extreme cases, the harm cannot happen. ② Reduce the dirt deposition to the lowest limit.

For this purpose, we arrange the pressure-stabilizing pipeline to avoid the formation of a closed (or nearly closed) space. No matter how large the discharge volume is or how the temperature increases, the gas pressure inside and outside the pipeline is always kept consistent (P _inside = P _outside ), so as to eliminate the harm caused by the sharp increase in pressure and compressed gas. The specific scheme is shown in Figure 1. Among them, 1 is the pressure-stabilizing pipeline; 2 is the main sewage discharge pipeline; 3 is the lower port of the pressure-stabilizing pipeline; Since no sewage flows through the pressure-stabilizing pipeline and the lower port is always open, its internal pressure is always equal to the outdoor gas pressure, and because the pressure-stabilizing pipeline is connected to the main pipeline in many places, the gas pressure in the main pipeline is difficult to change. Even if the pressure change causes the gas to flow rapidly, it can be carried out in the pressure-stabilizing pipeline completely, and the water seal will never be broken to bring us harm.

In addition, in order to reduce the deposition of dirt, the lower port of the main pipe in this design is also different from that in the usual sewage system. The difference is discussed in the branch pipeline section later.

Second, the lower control valve

It is a valve installed at the junction of the branch pipe and the main pipe that can rotate freely along the axis. When the sewage flows to the lower end of the branch pipe, the valve is washed away by the torrent of sewage, and the valve is opened, as shown in 5 in Figure 2, the sewage flows into the main pipe. After the flow is completed, under the action of gravity, the valve automatically falls and is closed, as shown in Figure 3. It is an automatic control valve that is opened and closed by the impulsive force of sewage and its own gravity. Its existence is to automatically separate the main pipeline from the branch pipeline without hindering the discharge of sewage. Its purpose ① is to prevent the flow of gas between the main pipeline and the branch pipeline, and ② it is for the automatic separation of the main pipeline and the branch pipeline to be discussed later. The disinfection device is equipped with a relatively closed automatic disinfection space.

Three branch pipes

The part leading from the drainage point (water seal) to the main pipeline, as shown in Figure 4 (where the sewage point is 6; the main pipeline is 2; the sewage flow trajectory is 7; the branch pipeline is 8), we call it a branch pipeline. In order to solve the deposition of dirt in the pipeline, we reduce the time required for the sewage to flow through this distance to the limit value. Under the condition of no external pressure, let the sewage discharge into the main pipe at the fastest speed. The specific plan is:

If the distance from the drainage point (water seal) to the main pipe is d, we press the curve

Design branch pipes as sewage flow trajectories.

According to the principle of variation, it is an optimal pipeline with the shortest time and the fastest flow speed for sewage to flow from the drainage point to the main pipeline without external pressure. (See various versions of the variational method) The proof is omitted.

Because the time used is the shortest, the sediment will be reduced to the lowest level, and because the flow speed is the fastest, it can naturally play a flushing role during use. Therefore we can regard it as an ideal non-clogging pipeline. Because of this we also curve the lower part of the main pipe

design. The specific design method is: if the intersection point of the vertical main pipe part and the ground is A, the sewage delivery point is B, and the vertical line passing through point B intersects the ground at C, then the lengths of AC and BC are known. Let AC=x ₀ , BC=y ₀ , substitute them into the above equations to get

的函数表，通过x₀/y₀查表得出值，由值再通过y₀＝a(1-cos)解出a)，由a与的值按曲线Solve this system of equations about  and a (to solve the above system of equations, we can prepare  and a in advance

The function table of x ₀ /y ₀ is used to look up the table to get the value of , from the value of  to solve a) through y ₀ =a(1-cos), and the value of a and  according to the curve

Design the lower port of the main pipeline as the sewage flow track, then the main pipeline will also become an ideal non-blocking sewage pipeline.

Four, water seal

We know that the function of the water seal is mainly to prevent harmful gas from escaping. There are two kinds of water seals widely used at present: one is a clear water seal that uses clear water to prevent gas from escaping; the other is a turbid water seal that uses turbid water to prevent gas from escaping.

For the water seal, since it uses clean water (multi-system tap water) and we have taken a series of measures such as voltage stabilization, rapid drop, isolation, and disinfection (discussed later), even if the water level in the water seal has It must be lowered, and we can absolutely guarantee that the gas in the pipe will not cause us any harm.

For the turbid water seal, we are most concerned about the sanitation of the turbid water flowing through it. For this reason, we have specially set up two filters and an automatic disinfection space (see the discussion below) to prevent cross-spreading of viruses.

Five, on the control valve

It is a hollow and easy-to-float ball valve, such as 9 in Figure 5. When the sewage flows into the tank, the valve is affected by buoyancy, and it will float upward. The sewage flows into the water seal 10. After the sewage flows, under the action of gravity, the ball valve Drop and cover the top of the water seal sump. The main purpose of setting it is to form a relatively closed space between it and the water seal tank.

6. Automatic continuous disinfection device

In a container that is not filled with disinfectant, as shown in Figure 6, the number of disinfectant is 11; a relatively closed remaining space ABCD is 12. We know that no matter what kind of bacteria and viruses can never survive in this relatively closed residual space ABCD. It can also be said that once bacteria and viruses enter the space ABCD, they must be killed. We call this relatively closed space an automatic continuous disinfection space.

If we expand this automatic continuous disinfection space into a relatively closed space between the lower control valve, branch pipes, and water seals, the container containing the disinfectant can certainly be filled with disinfectant. In this way, the branch pipeline becomes an automatic and continuous disinfection space. As long as we inject the disinfectant into the liquid storage bottle, in a long period of time (validity period), the disinfectant will automatically, continuously and effectively disinfect the branch pipeline.

In the place where the upper control valve is used, there is also a relatively closed space between the upper control valve and the water seal. Of course, we can also build an automatic continuous disinfection device to form another line of defense against virus cross-spread. Different disinfectant solutions can also be injected here.

For the main pipeline or the pressure-stabilizing pipeline, although it is not a relatively closed space, we can also set up a disinfection storage bottle. During the epidemic period, through the volatilization of the disinfectant filled in the storage bottle of each household in the pipeline, within a certain period of time It can also play a certain role in disinfection.

7. Filter

Two filter screens are designed in this sewage system.

Filter screen 1: it is two that filter dish leaf, hair, fiber and other sundries and use to be convenient to take, place, can clean mutually, the net of shape such as comb, shape is like grate, after it is placed (13 among Fig. 5 ) can filter the above-mentioned sundries, and it is convenient to clean each other after taking it, and remove the sundries by the way.

Filter II: Although we have taken various measures to design an ideal pipeline without sedimentation and clogging, there is always a certain distance between the ideal and the reality. For some sewage with high concentration, high viscosity, little discharge, and quite frequent discharge (like dishwashing water containing animal and vegetable oil), we know that no matter how good the sewage is, It is also difficult to achieve no deposition and no blockage in the pipeline. In order to ensure that the branch pipes are in good working condition, we appropriately increase the volume of the turbid water tank, and set a filter screen II in the tank. Screening screen II is extremely low in price of plastic system, is shaped like a fishing net, and is easy to install as shown in 14 in Fig. 5 and is easy to change a kind of filtering screen of shape. Since the volume of the water seal tank is appropriately increased, the above-mentioned sewage will have a certain amount of deposition and separation in the tank. After adding the filter screen II, the floating matter and sediment will naturally gather on the top, bottom, inside and outside of the screen, and after a long period of time Finally, take out the dirt collected by the filter net together with the net, and replace it with a new net after treatment.

Eight, diversion tube, tube

A diversion pipe is usually arranged under a wash basin, a sink, and a bathtub. It guides the sewage in the above vessel into the water seal and then flows into the sewage pipe. The guide tubes in this system are not directly connected to the container, and the upper port and the container are kept at a distance of 5-10 cm. Wherein the diversion pipe under the bathtub is a flexible pipe with a suitable diameter. And the one under the washbasin and the sink is a slightly larger diameter cylinder that can move freely. After the upper port hangs the filter screen II, the net is suspended in the cylinder, and the lower end of the cylinder is provided with legs that can make the cylinder stand stably. The purpose of doing this: ①It is to disconnect the connection between the vessel and the duct (because it is extremely unhygienic to connect together); ②It is to facilitate air circulation and create conditions for the inner wall of the duct to dry; ③It is convenient for daily cleaning. Filter II removal and replacement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the main pipeline with pressure-stabilizing pipeline;

Figure 2 shows that the lower control valve is flushed by sewage, and the valve is open;

Fig. 3 shows that the sewage has finished flowing from the branch pipe, and the lower control valve is closed when it falls;

Fig. 4 is sewage branch pipe;

Figure 5 shows that when there is no sewage discharge, the upper control valve (hollow and easy to float) is closed;

Figure 6 is a bottle that is not filled with disinfectant;

Fig. 7 is the device and the installation sequence required for setting the domestic sewage discharge point somewhere on the floor.

Detailed ways

The above eight parts run through the assembly (here it should be pointed out that before assembly, the layout design and size design should be carried out according to the actual use of the building, whether it is a residential building, an office building or a hotel, and the number of floors of the building, which will not be discussed here) and installed on the floor Serve as the scientific hazard prevention sewage pipeline we want to discuss. Here we just give an example to see how to implement this system.

Example: If a domestic sewage discharge point needs to be set somewhere on the floor surface, then its necessary devices and installation sequence are shown in Figure 7. Its working condition is: the sewage flows to the discharge point, and after the sundries are filtered out through the filter screen I13, it flows into the water tank 15, and then the upper control valve 9 floats up under the action of buoyancy, and the sewage enters the automatic continuous disinfection space 12, and is filtered Net II 14 enters water seal 10, and the sewage after twice filtering enters branch pipe 8.

Because the branch pipeline is designed according to the fastest descending line, the sewage will flush the lower control valve 5 into the main pipeline 2 with the shortest time and the fastest speed, and the sewage will be released in the main pipeline, and through the main pipeline lower port 4 (4 is also the same) According to the design of the fastest descending line), it is quickly delivered to the outdoor sewage system. Therefore, the deposition of sewage here will be reduced to the lowest limit value. When the sewage discharge volume is large, the sewage can also have a flushing effect on the pipeline, so we say that this is a scientific pipeline with no dirt deposition and no blockage.

When the sewage flows, the self-control valve 9 and the self-control valve 5 are closed due to gravity.

On the other hand, the main pipeline 2 is connected with the pressure-stabilizing pipeline 1 in multiple places. The upper port of the pressure-stabilizing pipeline is closed and the lower port is always open outdoors, so the pressure of the gas in the pressure-stabilizing pipeline is always maintained at the level of the outdoor atmospheric pressure. superior. No matter how sewage flows in the main pipeline, it is impossible to increase the gas pressure in the main pipeline. As for the rapidly flowing gas in the main pipeline, the pressure-stabilizing pipeline will provide a space for gas flow, and with the blocking of the upper and lower control valve 5 and the blocking of the water seal 10, the rapidly flowing gas can only flow between the main pipeline and the pressure-stabilizing pipeline. Carry out in pipeline, it can not rush open lower control valve 5, water seal 10 etc. and enter living room. Therefore, there is no harmful gas overflow in this sewage system. Once the SARS virus appears in the main pipeline, it is impossible for it to enter the room with the harmful gas. At most, it can sneak into the branch pipeline 8 through the lower control valve 5, and the branch pipeline is just a part of the automatic disinfection space 12. Disinfectant kills, and can not enter the living room through water seal 10 etc. again, causes the cross transmission of virus.

In summary, the sewage system is a scientific prevention sewage pipeline with no dirt deposition, no blockage, no harmful gas spillage, and no cross-transmission of viruses.

Claims (4)

1. a science prevents blow-off line, and it comprises trunk line and voltage stabilizing pipeline, branch pipe(tube), autocontrol valve, continuously sterilising automatically, and its trunk line is that many places are connected with the voltage stabilizing pipeline, and lower port has curve

The sewage vent line of shape facility; And the voltage stabilizing pipeline is a no effluent stream warp, and many places are connected with trunk line, and lower port is the pipeline of opening shape all the time outdoor.

2. blow-off line according to claim 1, its branch pipe(tube) be, blowdown put trunk line apart from d by curve

Make the pipeline that the drainage flow track is a shape facility.

3. blow-off line according to claim 1 is characterized in that, autocontrol valve has two, and one is following control valve, and one is to go up the control valve, and they are respectively that the impulse force and the buoyancy of the water that leans on is opened, all be again by self gravity and the valve of closing.

4. blow-off line according to claim 1, it is characterized in that continuously sterilising is that autocontrol valve is closed the space that the back forms a relative closure automatically, allow this space be connected with the reservoir of containing thimerosal, be configured in the sewage vent line, the virus of invasion is at any time killed.

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