CN1305732C

CN1305732C - Bulwark ladder able to lift or fall with tidal level

Info

Publication number: CN1305732C
Application number: CNB200310109076XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 聂鹏瑜; 马捷; 戴斌
Original assignee: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Current assignee: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Priority date: 2003-12-04
Filing date: 2003-12-04
Publication date: 2007-03-21
Anticipated expiration: 2023-12-04
Also published as: CN1546350A

Abstract

The tide level automatic ascending and descending gangway mainly includes: steel wire rope, gangway, hoist, hinge, rising trigger photoelectric sensor, falling trigger photoelectric sensor, power supply system, motor, selection circuit, manual control system, 8031 automatic control system. Two photoelectric sensors are respectively installed on both sides of the free end of the gangway. When the tide level changes, the electrical signals output by the two photoelectric sensors change. The 8031 automatic control system monitors the signal changes of the two photoelectric sensors. Through programming, control The positive and negative rotation of the coiling machine realizes the automatic lifting of the gangway. The invention adopts the 8031 system, which has simple structure, strong anti-interference and low price. When the tide level changes, it can automatically control the lifting of the gangway, which greatly saves manpower and financial resources, protects the gangway from damage, and has certain social and economic benefits. .

Description

With tidal level automatic lifting type gangway ladder

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is a kind of lifting mode gangway ladder, particularly a kind of adopt photoelectric sensor ON-OFF control circuit technology with tidal level automatic lifting type gangway ladder, belong to Equipment of Vessel automatic control technology field.

Background technology

Existing boats and ships gangway ladder is that an end is fixed on the ship side as fixed end, the other end drops on ground as free end, when boats and ships pull in to shore to berth, the crewman puts down gangway ladder, carry out other work then, if tidal change is arranged, boats and ships can change along with tidal change, at this moment, fixed end also can respective change, if it is constant that keep at gangway ladder and ground-surface angle of inclination, following two kinds of situations will certainly occur: in the time of ebb tide, fixed end descends, because the angle of inclination is constant, free end is followed the parallel decline of fixed end, and gangway ladder and ground will be pushed mutually, causes the damage of gangway ladder; When flood tide, fixed end rose, because leaning angle is constant, free end is followed the parallel rising of fixed end, and gangway ladder and ground-surface distance can raise, and cause the inconvenience of going ashore.Therefore, must just change the angle of inclination according to the tidal undulation gangway ladder.Present existing gangway ladder, what adopt all is the positive and negative purpose that reaches the lifting of control gangway ladder that transfers that relies on manpower M/C accommodation ladder winch, but development along with marine technology, the raising of automatization level, the ship's staff more and more simplifies, adopt traditional gangway ladder, must have the technician to be responsible for the gangway ladder lifting, so just caused waste of manpower resource.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the defective and the deficiency of existing gangway ladder, the present invention is to provide a kind of with tidal level automatic lifting type gangway ladder.It adopts photoelectric sensor switch circuit control technology, realizes the automatic lifting of gangway ladder.

The technical solution used in the present invention is: two photoelectric sensors are installed on gangway ladder, and being respectively applied for rises triggers and the triggering that descends, and is installed on the free-ended framework of gangway ladder near-earth both sides successively.Two inductor built on stilts distances are h, as h＜=h _MinThe time, the triggering photoelectric sensor that rises can receive the optical signal that oneself sends, thereby produces electric signal, as h＜=h _MaxThe time, the triggering photoelectric sensor that descends can receive the optical signal that oneself sends, thereby produces electric signal.Autonomous cruise speed system adopts 8031 chips as core, the time gap of monitoring once more after connecting or disconnecting the positive and negative rotation circuit of motor and control motor action by programming.When tidal level descends, the parallel decline of fixed end, rise to trigger photoelectric sensor overhead distance reduce gradually, when less than a certain threshold value h _MinThe time, the triggering photoelectric sensor that rises sends electric signal, and 8031 system monitorings are given an order to the generation of this electric signal, connect the electrical motor prograde circuit, and electrical motor just changes, and driving winch just changes, and steel rope tightens up, and gangway ladder rises, up to h＞h _Min, the triggering photoelectric sensor that rises can't receive the optical signal that oneself sends, and stops to produce electric signal, and 8031 systems give an order and disconnect the electrical motor prograde circuit, and gangway ladder stops to rise.When tidal level rose, as long as the parallel rising of fixed end was h＜=h _MaxThereby the triggering photoelectric sensor that descends can receive the optical signal that oneself produces always and produce electric signal, and 8031 systems can monitor this electric signal always, and electrical motor keeps quiescence always.As h＞h _MaxThe time, having exceeded descends triggers the sphere of action of photoelectric sensor, the optoelectronic induction blackout, and give an order connection circuit for reversing of 8031 systems, the electrical motor counter-rotating drives the winch counter-rotating, and steel rope loosens, and gangway ladder descends, up to h＜=h _Max, the triggering photoelectric sensor that descends can receive the optical signal that oneself sends again, produces electric signal, and 8031 systems give an order and disconnect the electrical motor circuit for reversing, and gangway ladder stops to descend.Because tidal undulation speed is all slow,, continue monitoring after 5 minutes so after gangway ladder rising or down maneuver stopped, 8031 systems stopped to monitor the electric signal of two inductors in 5 minutes.

Replenish as automatically controlled, also be provided with a manual control loop, when automatic control loop hinders inefficacy for some reason or regulates the initial conditions of gangway ladder placement, adopt manual control loop.

The automatic lifting type gangway ladder that the present invention relates to adopts 8031 systems, simple in structure, disturbance rejection is strong, cheap; when tidal level changes, can the lifting of automatic guidance gangway ladder, saved manpower and financial resources greatly; protect gangway ladder not to be damaged, had certain social effect and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the construction profile scheme drawing of design-calculated gangway ladder of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a design-calculated control circuit functional block diagram of the present invention.

Among the figure: the 1st, ground, the 2nd, steel rope, the 3rd, gangway ladder, the 4th, winch, the 5th, hinge, the 6th, rise and trigger photoelectric sensor, the 7th, descend and trigger photoelectric sensor, the 8th, electric power system, the 9th, electrical motor, the 10th, select circuit, the 11st, manual control system, 12 is 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete enforcement of the present invention is further described.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention mainly comprises: steel rope 2, gangway ladder 3, winch 4, hinge 5 rises and triggers photoelectric sensor 6, descends and triggers photoelectric sensor 7, electric power system 8, electrical motor 9 is selected circuit 10, manual control system 11,8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12.

Gangway ladder 3 fixed ends link to each other with hull by hinge 5, and free end is connecting an end of steel rope 2, and the other end of steel rope 2 is wound on the winch 4, working as winch 4 is so just changeing, and tightens up steel rope 2, and gangway ladder 3 free ends rise, when winch 4 counter-rotatings, loosen steel rope 2, gangway ladder 3 free ends descend.Rise to trigger photoelectric sensor 6 and trigger the free end both sides that photoelectric sensor 7 is installed in gangway ladder 3 with descending, be h (50mm＜h＜=200mm) with ground-surface distance.Select the model of corresponding light electric inductor, it is satisfied: h＜=50mm, the triggering photoelectric sensor 6 that rises is responded to, and produces electric signal; H＜=200mm, the triggering photoelectric sensor 7 that descends is responded to, and produces electric signal.The signal of two photoelectric sensors of 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12 monitoring by programming, reaches following requirement: when 50mm＜h＜=200mm, 8031 systems give an order, and keep the electrical motor quiescence; When h＜=50mm, 8031 systems give an order, and connect the electrical motor prograde circuit, and gangway ladder is risen; When h＞200mm, the 8031 systems connection circuit for reversing of giving an order descends gangway ladder; After each gangway ladder rising or down maneuver stopped, 8031 systems stopped to monitor the electric signal of two inductors in 5 minutes, continued monitoring after 5 minutes.

For the control system part, electric power system 8 is given manual control system 11, autonomous cruise speed system 12 and electrical motor 9 power supplies respectively by voltage transformer, and electrical motor 9 is connected by 4 in reducing gear and winch, and both turn to identical.Select circuit 10 to be connected with 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12 with manual control system 11 respectively, be used to select manually control or automatic guidance.Manual control system 11 all is connected the rotating at control motor 9 with 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12 with electrical motor 9.Rise triggering photoelectric sensor 6 triggers the mouth of photoelectric sensor 7 and links to each other with input end in 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12 with descending.

When the state of selecting circuit 10 is a manual control system 11 effectively the time, enter manual control.

When tidal level descends, h reduces, and when h is reduced to a certain degree, the staff manually connects electrical motor 9 prograde circuits, electrical motor 9 is just changeing drive winch 4 and is just changeing, tighten up steel rope 2, gangway ladder 3 free ends rise, and h increases, when h increases to a certain degree, the staff manually disconnects electrical motor 9 circuit, and electrical motor 9 stops operating, and winch 4 also stops.

When tidal level rose, h increased, when h increases to a certain degree, the staff manually connects electrical motor 9 circuit for reversing, electrical motor 9 counter-rotatings drive winch 4 counter-rotatings, loosen steel rope 2, gangway ladder 3 free ends descend, h reduces, and when h is reduced to a certain degree, the staff manually disconnects the circuit for reversing of electrical motor 9, electrical motor 9 stops operating, and winch 4 also stops.

When selecting automatic guidance, regulate gangway ladder 3 height by manual control system 11 earlier, make 50mm＜h＜=200mm, setting then and selecting the state of circuit 10 is that autonomous cruise speed system 12 is effective, enters automatic guidance.

When tidal level descends, h reduces, and as h＜=50mm, the triggering photoelectric sensor 6 that rises is responded to, produce electric signal, after 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12 monitor, connect electrical motor 11 prograde circuits automatically, electrical motor just changes, driving winch 4 is just changeing, tighten up steel rope 2, gangway ladder 3 free ends rise, and h increases.H＞50mm, exceeding rises triggers the sphere of action of photoelectric sensor 6, the optoelectronic induction blackout, after 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12 monitor, automatic cutout electrical motor 9 prograde circuits, electrical motor 9 stops, and winch 4 also stops.Adopt the software method of counting, make 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12 not monitor the electric signal of photoelectric sensor 6 and 7 within 5 minutes, electrical motor 9 is static.After 5 minutes, 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12 continue the electric signal of monitoring photoelectric sensor 6 and 7.

When tidal level rises, h increases, as h＞200mm, exceeding descends triggers the sphere of action of photoelectric sensor 7, and the electric signal of generation disappears, after 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12 monitor, automatically connect electrical motor 9 circuit for reversing, electrical motor 9 counter-rotatings drive winch 4 counter-rotatings, loosen steel rope 2, gangway ladder 3 free ends descend, and h reduces, during h＜=200mm, the triggering photoelectric sensor 7 that descends can receive the optical signal that oneself sends again, thereby the generation electric signal, after 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems monitor, automatic cutout electrical motor 9 circuit for reversing, electrical motor 9 stops, and winch 4 also stops.Adopt the software method of counting, make 8031 autonomous cruise speed systems 12 not monitor the electric signal of photoelectric sensor 6 and 7 within 5 minutes, electrical motor 9 is static.After 5 minutes, 8031 systems 12 continue the electric signal of monitoring photoelectric sensor 6 and 7.

Claims

1. An automatic ascending and descending gangway with tide level, comprising: steel wire rope (2), gangway (3), hoist (4), hinge (5), photoelectric sensor for rising trigger (6), photoelectric sensor for falling trigger (7) , power supply system (8), motor (9), selection circuit (10), manual control system (11), 8031 automatic control system (12), it is characterized in that the fixed end of gangway (3) is connected with hull by hinge (5) , the free end is connected to one end of the steel wire rope (2), the other end of the steel wire rope (2) is wound on the winch (4), the photoelectric sensor for rising trigger (6) and the photoelectric sensor for falling trigger (7) are installed on the gangway (3) On both sides of the free end, the distance from the ground is h, 50mm<h<=200mm, the output terminals of the rising trigger photoelectric sensor (6) and the falling trigger photoelectric sensor (7) are connected with the 8031 automatic control system (12) connected to the input terminal, the power supply system (8) supplies power to the manual control system (11), the 8031 automatic control system (12) and the motor (9) respectively through the transformer, and the motor (9) is connected to the shaft of the winch (4) through a reduction gear, The selection circuit (10) is connected with the manual control system (11) and the 8031 automatic control system (12) respectively, and the hand control system (11) and the 8031 automatic control system (12) are all connected with the motor (9).

2. According to claim 1, the tide level automatically ascending and descending gangway is characterized in that by programming, the 8031 automatic control system (12) meets the following requirements: when 50mm<h<=200mm, the 8031 system issues an order to keep the motor Static state; when h<=50mm, the 8031 system issues an order to connect the forward rotation circuit of the motor to make the gangway rise; when h>200mm, the 8031 system sends an order to turn on the reverse circuit to make the gangway go down; each time the gangway rises Or after the descending action stops, the 8031 system stops monitoring the electrical signals of the two sensors within 5 minutes, and continues to monitor after 5 minutes.

3. The tide level automatic ascending and descending gangway according to claim 1, further characterized in that the model of the corresponding photoelectric sensor is selected so that it satisfies: h <= 50mm, the rise triggers the photoelectric sensor (6) to generate induction, and generates electric current. Signal; h<=200mm, the drop triggers the photoelectric sensor (7) to generate induction and generate an electrical signal.