CN1300443C - Group-well fracture pressure steeping control aqueous fusion exploitation method of glauberite bal - Google Patents
Group-well fracture pressure steeping control aqueous fusion exploitation method of glauberite bal Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- GYZGFUUDAQXRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium;disodium;disulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GYZGFUUDAQXRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009715 pressure infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfate decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
钙芒硝矿群井致裂控制压力浸泡水溶开采方法，属于难溶盐类矿床的开采范畴。现有技术对盐类矿床通常采用水溶开采方法，由于钙芒硝矿的溶解特性差，一般采用坑道开挖硐室浸泡溶解的开采方法，劳动强度大、开采成本高、作业环境危险、回采率低，对环境会造成严重污染。本发明通过控制水压致裂的方法，使布置于矿层内的多井连通，以此为基础，在不排水的条件下，向矿层内高压注水，较长时间压力浸泡溶解，达到要求的卤水浓度后排出地面，然后再实施二次注水浸泡和二次排卤，以此循环至采完为止。本发明的开采方法具有群井致裂、压力浸泡、控制水溶的特点，是钙芒硝矿等难溶盐类矿床开采的理想方案。
The method of fracturing controlled pressure immersion water solution mining in glauberite mines belongs to the mining category of refractory salt deposits. In the prior art, the water-soluble mining method is usually used for salt deposits. Due to the poor dissolution characteristics of glauberite ore, the mining method of tunnel excavation chamber soaking and dissolving is generally used, which has high labor intensity, high mining cost, dangerous operating environment and low recovery rate. , will cause serious pollution to the environment. In the present invention, by controlling the hydraulic fracturing method, the multi-wells arranged in the mine layer are connected, and on the basis of this, under the condition of no drainage, water is injected into the mine layer at high pressure, and the pressure is soaked and dissolved for a long time to reach the required brine. After concentration, it is discharged from the ground, and then the second water injection soaking and the second brine discharge are implemented, so as to circulate until the mining is exhausted. The mining method of the invention has the characteristics of group well fracturing, pressure immersion, and water dissolution control, and is an ideal solution for mining glauberite and other insoluble salt deposits.
Description
技术领域：Technical field:
本发明属于地下难溶盐类矿床的开采范畴，特别适合钙芒硝矿的开采，是一种钙芒硝矿的群井致裂、压力浸泡、控制水溶的开采方法。The invention belongs to the mining category of underground insoluble salt deposits, is particularly suitable for the mining of Glauberite ore, and is a mining method of Glauberite ore by group well fracturing, pressure soaking, and controlling water dissolution.
背景技术：Background technique:
地下盐类矿床的开采，目前采用较多的是水溶开采法。由CN1069732C公告的“芒硝开采方法”、CN1009383B公告的“盐层钻井水采定点采出法”可知，现有技术对盐类矿床的开采常采用的水溶开采方法，主要有单井对流法、双井水力压裂连通对流或定向对接连通对流法等。这些方法存在回采率低，开采成本高的缺点。CN 1399058A公告的‘盐类矿床群井致裂控制水溶开采方法’，具有回采率高，开采成本低，效率高等优点。但它仅适用于易溶的盐类矿床，对于难溶解的盐类矿床则不适用，例如钙芒硝矿。The mining of underground salt deposits is currently mostly carried out by the water solution mining method. It can be known from the "glauber's salt mining method" announced by CN1069732C and the "salt layer drilling water mining fixed-point extraction method" announced by CN1009383B that the water-soluble mining methods commonly used in the mining of salt deposits in the prior art mainly include single well convection method, double well Well hydraulic fracturing connected convection or directional docking connected convection method, etc. These methods have the disadvantages of low recovery rate and high mining cost. CN 1399058A announces the 'method for controlling water solution mining by group wells in salt deposits', which has the advantages of high recovery rate, low mining cost and high efficiency. But it is only suitable for soluble salt deposits, not for insoluble salt deposits, such as glauberite.
钙芒硝矿属于难溶解的一类盐类矿床，到目前为止，一直采用坑道开挖硐室浸泡溶解的开采方法。这种开采方法，是由地面开挖坑道达矿体，用密集爆破的方法在矿体中形成一个大型散体矿硐，然后注水长时浸泡溶解矿石，当溶液浓度达到要求时，即可抽出地表处理。坑道开挖硐室浸泡的开采方法劳动强度大、开采成本高、作业环境危险、回采率低；同时，由于坑道开挖出的矿物堆放在地面，对环境会造成严重污染。Glauberite ore belongs to a type of salt deposit that is difficult to dissolve. So far, the mining method of tunnel excavation and chamber soaking and dissolution has been adopted. This mining method is to excavate tunnels on the ground to reach the ore body, and use intensive blasting to form a large-scale bulk ore in the ore body, and then inject water for a long time to soak and dissolve the ore. When the concentration of the solution meets the requirements, the Extract the surface treatment. The mining method of tunnel excavation and chamber immersion is labor-intensive, high mining cost, dangerous working environment, and low recovery rate; at the same time, because the minerals excavated from the tunnel are piled up on the ground, it will cause serious pollution to the environment.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明的目的在于克服上述坑道开挖硐室浸泡溶解开采方法的缺点，提供一种低成本、高回采率、高效率、经济环保的钙芒硝矿的水溶开采方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned mining method of tunnel excavation chamber soaking and dissolving, and provide a low-cost, high recovery rate, high efficiency, economical and environment-friendly water-soluble mining method of glauberite ore.
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现其目的的：The present invention realizes its purpose through the following technical solutions:
钙芒硝矿群井致裂控制压力浸泡的水溶开采方法，其步骤为：A water-soluble mining method of fracturing and controlling pressure immersion in glauberite mines, the steps of which are as follows:
(1)在矿床内同时布置、钻进多个注水井、目标井；(1) Arranging and drilling multiple water injection wells and target wells in the deposit at the same time;
(2)固井后选择注水井、目标井，用高压水泵由注水井进行注水压裂，与目标井连通；(2) After cementing, select water injection wells and target wells, and use high-pressure water pumps to perform water injection and fracturing from the water injection wells to communicate with the target wells;
(3)群井连通后，在不排水的条件下向矿床内注入高压水，进行控制压力浸泡溶解；(3) After the group of wells are connected, inject high-pressure water into the ore deposit under the condition of no drainage, and carry out controlled pressure soaking and dissolving;
(4)压力浸泡溶解一段时间后，开启目标井排出卤水；(4) After pressure soaking and dissolving for a period of time, open the target well to discharge the brine;
(5)排卤完毕后，进行二次注水压力浸泡；(5) After exhausting the brine, carry out secondary water injection pressure soaking;
(6)压力浸泡溶解一段时间后，再开启目标井二次排抽卤水；以此循环至矿层采完。(6) After pressure soaking and dissolving for a period of time, the target well is opened for secondary drainage and brine pumping; in this way, it is circulated until the ore seam is mined.
所述步骤(1)中，在矿床内同时布置、钻进多眼井，其井间距视矿床赋存特征及地质条件而定，一般不超过100m。In the step (1), multiple wells are arranged and drilled in the deposit at the same time, and the distance between the wells depends on the occurrence characteristics and geological conditions of the deposit, and generally does not exceed 100m.
所述步骤(2)中，用高压水泵由注水井进行注水压裂，与目标井连通，是通过调节、关闭目标井来达到多井间的连通。In the step (2), the high-pressure water pump is used to perform water injection fracturing from the water injection well to communicate with the target well, and the communication between multiple wells is achieved by adjusting and closing the target well.
所述步骤(3)中，进行压力浸泡溶解，其注入淡水的压力大于或等于矿层的垂直应力。In the step (3), the pressure soaking and dissolving is carried out, and the pressure of injecting fresh water is greater than or equal to the vertical stress of the ore bed.
所述步骤(3)中，进行压力浸泡溶解，可通过群井间交替注水、抽水而实施均匀溶解。In the step (3), pressure immersion and dissolution are carried out, and uniform dissolution can be implemented by alternately injecting water and pumping water among group wells.
所述步骤(3)中，压力浸泡溶解的时间，是通过检测静溶后的水溶液浓度而决定的。In the step (3), the time for pressure soaking and dissolving is determined by detecting the concentration of the aqueous solution after static dissolution.
所述步骤(4)中，开启目标井排出卤水，是先通过目标井自排，然后通过抽排的方式提取高浓度卤水。In the step (4), the target well is opened to discharge the brine, which is first self-drained through the target well, and then the high-concentration brine is extracted by pumping.
所述步骤(1)中，在矿床内同时布置、钻进多个注水井、目标井，是大孔径与小孔径交叉布置，以满足注水与抽排水的工艺要求。In the step (1), a plurality of water injection wells and target wells are simultaneously arranged and drilled in the ore deposit, and large apertures and small apertures are intersected to meet the technical requirements of water injection and pumping and drainage.
由于钙芒硝矿床内布置多眼井，可选择靠近中央的一口或数口井作为注水井(压裂井)，其余全部为目标井，从而实施群井水力压裂连通；群井水力压裂连通形成井网之后，在其中注入高压水长时间压力浸泡，在压力作用下将水溶液充分浸入钙芒硝矿体、充分溶解；当压力浸泡一段时间后，即可进行高浓度卤水的排放；之后再次注入高压水，进行二次、多次压力浸泡溶解开采，直至该区段内矿体全部溶解开采完毕。如此循环，实施对钙芒硝矿层的群井致裂、压力浸泡、控制溶解的开采方法。本发明与现有坑道开挖硐室浸泡方法相比，由于利用压力渗透的原理，对钙芒硝矿进行充分浸泡溶解，增加了矿物的溶蚀面积，提高了矿物的溶解速度，因此，可以达到对钙芒硝矿低成本、高回采率、高效率开采；更为重要的是采用地面群井致裂技术，可以保证矿层的均匀溶解、均匀下沉；同时，避免了井工开采地面堆浸溶解的占用土地、环境污染等一系列问题。是钙芒硝矿等难溶盐类矿床开采的理想方案。Due to the arrangement of multiple wells in the glauberite deposit, one or several wells near the center can be selected as water injection wells (fracturing wells), and the rest are all target wells, so that the hydraulic fracturing of the group of wells is connected; the hydraulic fracturing of the group of wells is connected After forming the well pattern, inject high-pressure water into it for long-term pressure soaking, and under the action of pressure, the aqueous solution is fully immersed in the glauberite ore body and fully dissolved; after a period of pressure soaking, high-concentration brine can be discharged; and then injected again High-pressure water is used for secondary and multiple pressure immersion and dissolution mining until all ore bodies in this section are dissolved and mined. In such a cycle, the mining methods of group well fracturing, pressure soaking, and controlled dissolution of the glauberite ore layer are implemented. Compared with the existing tunnel excavation chamber soaking method, the present invention fully soaks and dissolves Glauberite ore by using the principle of pressure infiltration, increases the dissolution area of minerals, and improves the dissolution rate of minerals. Glauberite mine is low-cost, high recovery rate, and high-efficiency mining; more importantly, the ground group well fracturing technology can ensure the uniform dissolution and uniform subsidence of the ore layer; Occupation of land, environmental pollution and a series of problems. It is an ideal solution for mining glauberite ore and other insoluble salt deposits.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1：控制水溶开采井网布置图；Figure 1: Well pattern layout for controlling water solution mining;
图中的标号：0——注水井，1～4——目标井。Numbers in the figure: 0—injection well, 1~4—target well.
图2：压力浸泡示意图。Figure 2: Schematic diagram of pressure immersion.
图中的标号：0——注水井，1、3——目标井，5——矿体，6——矿体微裂纹，7——水力压裂裂缝。Numbers in the figure: 0—water injection well, 1, 3—target well, 5—ore body, 6—microcrack of ore body, 7—hydraulic fracturing fracture.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
参考图1、2所示，Referring to Figures 1 and 2,
一种钙芒硝矿群井致裂控制压力浸泡水溶开采方法，其步骤为：A method of fracturing controlled pressure immersion water solution mining in glauberite mines, the steps of which are as follows:
(1)根据地质资料，在确定矿层的物理力学特性及埋藏特征后，依据钻井技术规范要求，选择合理的井间距(100m)、井位，布置井网0号、1号、2号、3号、4号井(该井网由5口井组成)，实施钻井；(1) According to geological data, after determining the physical and mechanical properties and burial characteristics of the ore layer, according to the requirements of drilling technical specifications, select a reasonable well spacing (100m) and well location, and arrange well patterns No. 0, No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 Wells No. 4 and No. 4 (the well pattern consists of 5 wells), implement drilling;
(2)裸井完成后，下套管，依据规范要求进行相应的固井；(2) After the open well is completed, run the casing and perform corresponding cementing according to the specifications;
(3)所有井完工并固井后，选择中央0号井作为注水井(压裂井)，1号、2号、3号、4号井作为目标井，用高压水泵由中央0号井实施水力压裂，与目标井1号、2号、3号、4号进行连通，通过调节或关闭连通的目标井，可达到多井间同时或相继连通；(3) After all the wells are completed and cemented, the central No. 0 well is selected as the water injection well (fracturing well), and the No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 wells are used as the target wells, and the central No. 0 well is implemented with a high-pressure water pump. Hydraulic fracturing is connected to target well No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4. By adjusting or closing the connected target well, multiple wells can be connected simultaneously or successively;
(4)连通井网形成之后，向矿床内注高压水，当压力达到一定值(根据地质条件及岩层强度特性而定，一般压力P≥垂直地应力σmin)后，关井进行钙芒硝矿的压力浸泡溶解；(4) After the formation of the connected well pattern, high-pressure water is injected into the deposit, and when the pressure reaches a certain value (depending on the geological conditions and the strength characteristics of the rock formation, the general pressure P≥vertical stress σ min ), the well is shut down for glauberite mining pressure immersion dissolution;
(5)当浸泡溶解一定时间(初期时间短、后期较长)后，开启目标井(生产井)进行排卤；(5) After soaking and dissolving for a certain period of time (short in the initial period and longer in the later period), open the target well (production well) for brine discharge;
(6)排卤完毕后，进行二次注水压力浸泡；(6) After exhausting the brine, carry out secondary water injection pressure soaking;
(7)压力浸泡静溶一段时间后，再开启目标井二次排抽卤水，以此循环，至矿层采完。(7) After pressure immersion and static dissolution for a period of time, the target well is opened for secondary drainage and brine pumping, and this cycle is used until the ore seam is mined.
Claims (7)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102041988B (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2013-09-04 | 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所 | Multistage driving ore dissolving method for salt mine exploitation |
| CN102191932A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-09-21 | 太原理工大学 | In-situ heat injection steeping control aqueous dissolution exploitation method of glauberite ore |
| CN102418524A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-04-18 | 秦勇 | Novel technology of underground in-situ boring leaching mining |
| CN102877782A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-16 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Rotary drilling rig and bittern collecting method |
| CN103696751A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-02 | 内蒙古奥利星煤化集团有限责任公司 | Method for mining underground sodium sulfate decahydrate by drilling hot water dissolving |
| CN104481541B (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-02-22 | 中盐勘察设计院有限公司 | One-inclined multi-vertical cascaded well group salt mine mining method |
| CN104847327B (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2018-01-12 | 陈建明 | A kind of dull nugget second working method |
| CN108195096A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-06-22 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of underground heat insinuating language well construction |
| CN112177586B (en) * | 2020-09-26 | 2022-09-16 | 陕西省煤田地质集团有限公司 | Polyhalite in-situ roasting exploitation method |
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| US5246273A (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1993-09-21 | Rosar Edward C | Method and apparatus for solution mining |
| US5690390A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-11-25 | Fmc Corporation | Process for solution mining underground evaporite ore formations such as trona |
| CN1069732C (en) * | 1999-05-15 | 2001-08-15 | 洪泽县化工(集团)总公司 | Mirabilite exploiting water-dissolution process with two wells communicated by horizontal hole |
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