CN1391642A - Stack structure - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an object of the present invention to provide a chimney structure that does not discharge carbon dioxide, which causes global warming, into the atmosphere. A porous laminate is arranged in the tube body of the combustion gas flow path formed by connecting the base end to the combustion chamber and having an exhaust port at the front end. In addition, the pipe body is bent into an inverted U shape, and a laminate is arranged in the above-mentioned combustion gas flow path.

Description

chimney construction

technical field

The present invention relates to a chimney structure capable of reducing the height of the chimney by half and removing harmful carbon dioxide in combustion gas.

Background technique

In the past, chimneys with a height of tens of meters were often installed in waste incineration plants and the like.

In order to prevent harmful substances such as dust flying from the chimney from affecting nearby areas, it is usually diffused in the sky, but this requires a large construction cost.

In recent years, environmental pollution from exhaust gas such as chimneys has become a global problem, and various studies have been conducted by related departments.

Among them, much research has been done on how to prevent the generation of dioxins from garbage incineration, etc., and an incinerator that can significantly reduce the generation of dioxins has been developed.

However, the current situation is that little consideration is given to the carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) contained in the chimney flue gas.

Carbon dioxide itself is the main component of the atmosphere, and it does not have a direct adverse effect on the human body like dioxin and other harmful substances, so it is not considered a problem. However, in recent years, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased dramatically, causing a serious problem of global warming.

It is very difficult to change the human life style and production system. In addition, it is impossible to incinerate garbage or supply all energy without generating carbon dioxide.

Therefore, measures must be taken to reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the chimney structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that a porous laminate (stack/stack) is disposed in a tube whose base end communicates with the combustion chamber and whose front end is provided with an exhaust port to form a combustion gas flow path. ). Therefore, the laminate produces a dream pipe effect accompanied by heat transfer, and the temperature at the outlet of the chimney can be greatly reduced, thereby preventing secondary generation of dioxin. Therefore, it can be used in small incinerators, etc. Even in large incinerators, the height of the chimney can be reduced and the construction cost can be suppressed.

The chimney structure according to claim 2, wherein the pipe body is bent into an inverted U shape, and a porous laminate is arranged in the combustion gas flow path formed in the pipe body. Therefore, the height of the chimney can be further reduced, and even if the exhaust port is close to the ground, by arranging laminated parts, there is also a fantasy pipe effect accompanied by heat transfer, so the temperature at the chimney outlet can be greatly reduced, and the disadvantages of soot and high-temperature gas can be eliminated Influence.

The chimney structure according to claim 3, wherein the upper end of the inner cylindrical body is open, the base end of the inner cylindrical body communicates with the combustion chamber, the inner cylindrical body is wrapped in the outer cylindrical body, and the upper end of the outer cylindrical body is closed. The middle portion of the outer cylinder forms an exhaust port, and the tubular flow path inside the inner cylinder communicates with the annular flow path formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to form a combustion gas flow path. A porous laminate is arranged inside the road. Therefore, while ensuring the necessary length of the exhaust flow path, the chimney can be made into a double structure whose height is reduced by half, thereby reducing the construction cost. In addition, by arranging the laminated parts, there is a fantasy pipe effect with heat transfer, which can greatly reduce the chimney outlet temperature, so that even if the exhaust port is located at a low position close to the ground, there will be no adverse effects of soot and high-temperature gas. Furthermore, due to the double-pipe structure consisting of a tubular flow path and an annular flow path, the sound frequencies generated by each flow path can be canceled out, so that the noise generated by the fantasy tube effect can be muted.

The chimney structure according to claim 4, wherein a filter is arranged in the combustion gas flow path. Therefore, soot and dust can be absorbed and clean exhaust can be discharged.

The chimney structure according to claim 5, wherein the exhaust port is connected in communication with an exhaust gas treatment device. Therefore, the exhaust gas becomes clean exhaust gas without causing environmental pollution.

The chimney structure according to claim 6, wherein a blower is provided at the exhaust port. Therefore, the exhaust gas of the combustion chamber can be efficiently guided to the exhaust treatment device.

The chimney structure according to claim 7, wherein the laminate is formed of porous ceramics. Therefore, an existing material can be used as a laminate, it is easy to obtain, and the dream tube effect can be further enhanced.

8. The chimney structure according to claim 8, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device is a gas generating unit, and in the gas generating unit, carbon dioxide reduction reaction occurs with water in a photocatalyst to generate methane gas. Therefore, carbon dioxide is not emitted into the atmosphere, and carbon dioxide is converted into methane gas, which can be effectively used as external energy sources such as power sources and heat sources.

The chimney structure according to claim 9, wherein the gas generating part is provided with a combustion gas storage chamber, a water tank communicated with the combustion gas storage chamber, and a methane gas purification chamber communicated with the water tank, and the gas is formed on the surface of the titanium oxide. A photocatalyst carrying palladium is dispersed in the water tank. That is, water can be used as a reducing agent, and by using a solid that can accumulate many electrons, that is, a semiconductor photocatalyst, carbon dioxide can be effectively reduced, and the generation efficiency of methane gas can be improved.

10. The chimney structure according to claim 10, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device is a carbon dioxide recovery tank which contains a treatment solution for dissolving calcium hydroxide and recovers carbon dioxide contained in the combustion gas as calcium carbonate. Therefore, carbon dioxide generated by combustion can be recovered in a stable state.

The chimney structure according to claim 11, wherein the interior of the carbon dioxide recovery tank is maintained at a negative pressure. Therefore, combustion gas can be efficiently introduced into the carbon dioxide recovery tank.

12. The chimney structure according to claim 12, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device separates the exhaust gas into nitrogen and carbon dioxide through a _NOx decomposition catalyst, and reacts the separated carbon dioxide with hydrogen generated from the hydrogen generator to produce methanol. Therefore, carbon dioxide is converted into methanol without being released into the atmosphere, and can be effectively used as external energy sources such as power sources and heat sources.

13. The chimney structure according to claim 13, wherein said exhaust gas treatment device separates exhaust gas into nitrogen and carbon dioxide by a NO _x decomposition catalyst, and reacts the separated carbon dioxide with hydrogen generated from the hydrogen generator to form carbon. Therefore, carbon dioxide is not emitted into the atmosphere, and it can be replaced by carbon as a pure resource.

The chimney structure according to claim 14, further comprising a cooling circuit for cooling the surface of the laminate. Therefore, the exhaust gas temperature can be effectively lowered.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of the chimney structure of the first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a chimney structure of a second embodiment.

Fig. 3 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the exhaust gas treatment device in the second embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of the chimney structure of the third embodiment.

Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the exhaust treatment device in the third embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic explanatory view of the chimney structure of the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a modified example of the exhaust gas treatment device in the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 8 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the exhaust gas treatment device in the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a schematic explanatory diagram of the chimney structure of the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a laminate cooling mechanism.

The best form for carrying out the invention

As an embodiment of the chimney structure of the present invention, a porous laminate is disposed in a tube forming a combustion gas flow path whose base end communicates with the combustion chamber and whose front end is provided with an exhaust port. The tube body can be in an upright configuration or a slightly inclined configuration.

That is, by arranging a porous laminate in the pipe body, the high-temperature exhaust gas can be cooled to normal temperature in the vicinity of the chimney outlet by utilizing the dream pipe effect, thereby preventing secondary generation of dioxins. In addition, soot, dust, and the like can also be collected by the laminate.

Therefore, the chimney can be made relatively low, and the construction cost can be greatly reduced.

In addition, this structure can also be adopted in a small incinerator, and can be easily installed in schools or other facilities.

In addition, the above-mentioned pipe body may be bent into an inverted U-shape, and the above-mentioned porous laminate may be arranged in the combustion gas flow path in the pipe body.

That is, the chimney that rises upwards as in the past is canceled, and the pipe body formed as the chimney is bent downward in the middle to form an inverted U shape, and the high temperature can be reduced by utilizing the dreamy pipe effect produced by the porous laminate inside the pipe body. The exhaust gas is cooled to normal temperature, and at the same time, soot and dust can also be collected by the laminate. Therefore, the chimney can be made low in height, and the front end as the exhaust port is located near the ground, so that construction costs can be greatly reduced in waste incineration plants and the like.

The above-mentioned laminate may be formed of porous ceramics. That is, existing materials such as catalysts arranged in automobile exhaust pipes can be used as laminates, so they are easy to obtain, and the dream pipe effect can be further enhanced.

In addition, the above-mentioned pipe body may be bent into an inverted U shape, and the above-mentioned porous laminated material may be arranged in the combustion gas flow path in the pipe body. The chimney structure bent in an inverted U shape can reduce the height of the chimney, and since the front end portion serving as an exhaust port is located near the ground, construction costs can also be greatly reduced.

In addition, a cooling circuit for cooling the surface of the laminate may be provided. With this cooling circuit, the exhaust gas temperature can be reduced even more effectively.

In addition, the exhaust port may be connected to an exhaust treatment device, and the harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas may be removed and discharged into the atmosphere. At this time, when the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet of the exhaust gas treatment device is as high as 300°C, dioxins are produced in the treatment device. Therefore, according to the present invention which can cool the exhaust gas, the generation of dioxins can be effectively prevented.

In addition, in addition to the lamination, a special filter for soot and dust may be installed in the pipe body. The disposition location may be disposed on either one of the upstream side and the downstream side of the stack, or both of them as necessary.

In addition, if the combustion chamber is constructed so as to allow high-temperature combustion at 1000 to 1500°C, dioxin, which has become a problem in recent years, can be removed in the combustion chamber.

In addition, a blower may be provided at the above-mentioned exhaust port. That is, the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber is forcibly sucked by the blower and efficiently guided to the exhaust gas treatment device.

In addition, since the object of the present invention is to prevent carbon dioxide, which causes global warming, from being released into the atmosphere, the above-mentioned exhaust gas treatment device may be configured as follows.

That is, the exhaust gas treatment device is used as a gas generating unit, and in this gas generating unit, carbon dioxide reduction reaction occurs with water using a photocatalyst to generate methane gas.

The above-mentioned gas generating part is equipped with a combustion gas storage chamber, a water tank part communicated with the combustion gas storage chamber, and a methane gas refining chamber communicated with the water tank part. In the water tank, water can be used as a reducing agent, and a solid that can accumulate many electrons, that is, a semiconductor photocatalyst, can effectively reduce carbon dioxide and improve the generation efficiency of methane gas.

In this way, according to the present invention, carbon dioxide is converted into methane gas without being discharged into the atmosphere, so that it can be effectively used as external energy sources such as power sources and heat sources.

As described above, the height of the chimney can be reduced, and the construction cost can be suppressed without polluting the environment. In addition, since the outlet temperature of the chimney is greatly lowered, even if the exhaust outlet is close to the ground, there is no adverse effect of soot and high-temperature gas. In addition, the above-mentioned dream tube effect is analyzed by the thermoacoustic theory in recent research.

As other examples of the exhaust gas treatment device, the following configurations may also be adopted.

That is, the exhaust gas treatment device is used as a carbon dioxide recovery tank, and the treatment liquid in which calcium hydroxide is dissolved is stored in the recovery tank, so that carbon dioxide contained in the combustion gas can be recovered as carbon complex calcium.

Carbon dioxide reacts with calcium hydroxide to form calcium carbonate and water. Calcium carbonate acts as a carbon dioxide reservoir and exists in a naturally stable form as calcite.

Therefore, carbon dioxide generated by combustion can be recovered in a stable state without being discharged into the atmosphere.

Usually, a desulfurization device is installed in the combustion chamber, and calcium carbonate can be used as an absorbent in the desulfurization device. At this time, it reacts with SO _X in the exhaust gas to obtain gypsum as a by-product.

In addition, when dissolving calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) in water, it is best to use low temperature. As mentioned above, since the temperature of the exhaust gas can be greatly lowered by the effect of the dream tube, the calcium hydroxide in the treatment liquid can be ensured. amount of dissolution.

The above-mentioned carbon dioxide recovery tanks can be arranged in series as required.

In addition, it is preferable to maintain a negative pressure in the carbon dioxide recovery tank, so that even if the above-mentioned blower is not equipped, the combustion gas from the combustion chamber through the inverted U-shaped pipe body can be effectively introduced.

In addition, as another form of the exhaust treatment device, the exhaust gas may be separated into nitrogen and carbon dioxide through a NOx decomposition catalyst, and the separated carbon dioxide may be reacted with hydrogen generated from a hydrogen generator to produce methanol.

In addition, as an exhaust gas treatment device, the exhaust gas can be separated into nitrogen and carbon dioxide by a NOx decomposition catalyst, and the separated carbon dioxide can be reacted with hydrogen generated from a hydrogen generator to form carbon.

According to this structure, carbon dioxide is not discharged into the atmosphere, but it can be recovered as pure resource carbon and can be effectively used.

In addition, as an embodiment of the chimney structure of the present invention, it may also be such that the upper end of the inner cylindrical body is opened so that the base end of the inner cylindrical body communicates with the combustion chamber, the outer cylindrical body wraps the inner cylindrical body, and the outer cylindrical body The upper end of the cylinder is closed, and an exhaust port is formed in the middle of the outer cylinder. The tubular flow path inside the inner cylinder communicates with the annular flow path formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to form a combustion gas flow path. , a porous laminate is arranged in the combustion gas flow path.

According to this configuration as well, the required length of the exhaust flow path can be ensured in the same way, and the height thereof can be halved, thereby reducing the height of the chimney and reducing the construction cost. Moreover, in this case, it can be made into a vertical chimney structure, and even a large chimney can save installation space.

In this case, the above-mentioned laminated parts can also be arranged. By arranging the laminated parts, the dream pipe effect accompanied by heat transfer can be achieved, and the outlet temperature of the chimney can be greatly reduced. Even if the exhaust outlet is at a low position close to the ground, There will be no adverse effects of soot and high temperature gas.

In addition, as mentioned above, connecting the exhaust port of the chimney to the exhaust treatment device can prevent the emission of carbon dioxide, which causes global warming, into the atmosphere.

Moreover, in the chimney structure of this embodiment, since the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are formed into a double structure, the noise accompanying the above-mentioned fantasy pipe effect is separated from the tubular flow path formed in the inner cylinder and the inner cylinder respectively. The annular flow path between the body and the outer cylinder produces sound interference, and the frequencies are offset, thereby greatly reducing noise and not affecting the surrounding environment.

Next, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (first embodiment)

Fig. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the chimney structure of the first embodiment.

Among the figure, 1 is the combustion chamber of refuse incinerator, is divided into the 1st combustion chamber 11, the 2nd combustion chamber 12 and the 3rd combustion chamber 13, the 1st combustion chamber 11 is as the incinerator that directly drops into the combusted material, the 2nd combustion chamber 12 and the third combustion chamber 13 perform two-stage afterburning thereafter. In each combustion chamber 11, 12, 13, the combustion temperature is controlled to suppress generation of harmful substances as much as possible. In the figure, 14 is a combustion device provided in each combustion chamber 11, 12, 13, and 15 is a passage which communicates with the 1st combustion chamber 11 and the 2nd combustion chamber 12.

3 is the chimney as the main part of the present invention, and the porous laminate 4 is arranged in the pipe body 30 which forms the combustion gas flow path R with the base end 30a communicating with the combustion chamber 1 and having the exhaust port 30b at the front end.

That is, the base end 30a of the pipe body 30 communicates with the third combustion chamber 13, the pipe body 30 extends directly upward, and the distance between the discharge port 30b and the combustion device 14 of the third combustion chamber 13 is h.

Several porous laminations 4 are arranged at appropriate intervals inside the pipe body 30 , and the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber 1 flows through the laminations 4 into the pipe body 30 .

Therefore, due to the phantom tube effect produced by the laminate 4, the exhaust gas rising at a high temperature from the lower part of the tube body 30 is lowered to near normal temperature near the discharge port 30b, thus preventing secondary generation of dioxin and the like.

The laminate 4 can be made of porous ceramics used as an exhaust gas treatment catalyst in an automobile exhaust pipe, and can be formed into a shape that can be placed in the chimney 3 .

The arrangement number and the arrangement position of each laminated part 4 can be determined according to the experiment. Three laminated parts 4 are arranged at intervals of .

The above-mentioned chimney structure can be used in large-scale garbage incinerators, and can also be used in small-scale incinerators for schools and households. When used in small-scale incinerators, it can be used as a chimney that suppresses the generation of dioxins and is conducive to environmental protection.

The above-mentioned pipe body 30 is upright, if it is a small chimney, it can also be slightly inclined. (second embodiment)

Fig. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing the chimney structure of the second embodiment. Among the figure, 1 is the combustion chamber of the refuse incinerator, and desulfurization device 2 is attached. The combustion chamber 1 in this embodiment can perform high-temperature combustion at 1250 to 1450°C in order to suppress generation of dioxin and the like. In addition, a secondary combustion chamber (not shown) may also be provided. In the combustion chamber 1, combustion at about 800° C. is carried out, and high-temperature combustion is carried out in the secondary combustion chamber to form incineration ash and fly ash into molten slag.

In the above structure, the feature of this embodiment is that the pipe body 30 of the chimney 3 extends upwards, bends downward in the middle, and is formed into an inverted U shape. The above-mentioned porous laminates 4 are arranged in the middle of the vertical portion 32 .

In addition, an exhaust port 30b close to the ground is communicated with an exhaust gas treatment device to be described later. In the figure, 31 is a 1st vertical part, 32 is a 2nd vertical part, and 33 is a curved part. In addition, in this embodiment, the height of the inverted U-shaped part of the chimney 3 is about 15 m.

In addition, the disposition position of each laminated part 4 can be determined according to the experiment. 8m. The height position D of the laminate 4 arranged in the second vertical portion 32 is about 3 to 8 m from the upper end of the curved portion 33 .

In the second vertical portion 32 , a filter 5 for removing dust is disposed on the downstream side of the stack 4 . The arrangement location and the arrangement number of the filters 5 can be appropriately determined, and are not particularly limited in this embodiment.

The chimney is made into the above-mentioned structure, and the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber 1 passes through the laminated part 4 and the filter material 5, and passes in the inverted U-shaped pipe body 30, and the fantasy pipe effect produced by the laminated part 4 can reduce to approximately room temperature. In this way, the temperature of the exhaust gas in the inlet of the exhaust treatment device is lowered, so that secondary generation of dioxins can be prevented in the exhaust treatment device.

In addition, the exhaust gas undergoes primary treatment for removing coal and dust through the laminate 4 and the filter 5, and the primary treated exhaust gas flows into the exhaust treatment device, thus reducing the processing load of the exhaust treatment device. In addition, if silver or silver oxide is supported on the laminate 4, the primary treatment effect of exhaust gas can be further enhanced.

Next, the configuration of the exhaust gas treatment device in this embodiment will be described.

The purpose of the exhaust treatment device is to prevent carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), which causes global warming, from being discharged into the atmosphere in addition to removing harmful substances such as dioxins. For this reason, the exhaust gas treatment device is made to function as a gas generating unit 6 in which carbon dioxide reduction reaction occurs with water using a photocatalyst to generate methane gas.

In this embodiment, the gas generating unit 6 includes a combustion gas storage chamber 60 , a water tank 61 communicating with the combustion gas storage chamber 60 , and a methane gas refining chamber 62 communicating with the water tank 61 . At the same time, the photocatalyst 64 carrying palladium on the surface of titanium oxide is dispersed in the water tank part 61 . 62a is a methane gas outlet.

The photocatalyst 63 is a solid that can accumulate many electrons, that is, a semiconductor photocatalyst. As shown in the following formula, water can be used as a reducing agent to effectively reduce carbon dioxide and improve the generation efficiency of methane gas. The following formula shows the reaction formula for reducing carbon dioxide to generate methane gas.

The generated methane gas can be effectively used as energy for power generation and heating.

Thus, according to this embodiment, carbon dioxide is not discharged into the atmosphere in a large amount, which greatly contributes to the prevention of global warming, and methane gas is used instead of carbon dioxide generated by combustion, which can be effectively used as external energy sources such as power sources and heat sources.

FIG. 3 shows a modified example of an exhaust gas treatment device for obtaining methane gas from generated carbon dioxide.

That is, a catalyst chamber 65 containing a NOx decomposition catalyst such as V ₂ O ₅ -TiO ₂ is provided in the exhaust gas treatment channel S communicated with the chimney 3, and a liquefaction tank T1 and a reaction tank are arranged in series downstream therefrom. T2 and gas tank T3. The liquefaction tank T1 liquefies and separates carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The reaction tank T2 gasifies carbon dioxide and reacts with hydrogen. The gas tank T3 accommodates methane gas produced by the reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrogen. V1 is the drain valve.

In the reaction tank T2, Fe, Ru, Ni—Al ₂ O ₃ , Si, etc. are used as catalysts, and methane gas is generated by the following reaction.

The temperature and pressure in the reaction tank T2 can be appropriately determined according to the catalyst used.

66 is a reduction tank, which stores urea water as a reducing agent and sprays the urea water into the exhaust gas treatment flow path S through a valve 66V. The reduction tank 66 is arranged on the upstream side of the catalyst chamber 65 . 67 is a nitrogen separation tank communicated with the liquefaction tank T1. 67V is the liquid nitrogen discharge valve. 68 is a hydrogen generating part communicated with the reaction tank T2 through the valve V2. In this hydrogen generator 68 , water is electrolyzed, and hydrogen is obtained by the reaction of water and metal.

The temperature of the flow path on the downstream side of the catalyst chamber 65 and the liquefaction tank T1 is kept below 31° C., and the pressure is maintained at 72.8 atm.

In the above structure, a blower (not shown) for forcibly introducing exhaust gas from the chimney 3 into the exhaust treatment flow path S is provided at the connection portion between the chimney 3 and the exhaust treatment flow path S. (third embodiment)

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4 . In this embodiment, the structure of the chimney 3 is the same as that of the second embodiment, but the carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas can be recovered as calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) by the exhaust gas treatment device.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the exhaust gas treatment device of the present embodiment is a carbon dioxide recovery tank 7, which accommodates a treatment liquid 70 in which calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) is dissolved, and uses the carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas as Calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) recovery.

Carbon dioxide reacts with calcium hydroxide to form calcium carbonate and water as shown in the following formula.

Calcium carbonate acts as the earth's carbon dioxide reservoir and exists in a naturally stable form as calcite.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the carbon dioxide generated by combustion can be recovered in a stable state without being released into the atmosphere.

Since the desulfurization device 2 is installed in the combustion chamber 1, the calcium carbonate can be reused as an absorbent for the desulfurization device 2. When calcium carbonate is used, it reacts with SOx in the exhaust to produce gypsum as a by-product.

In addition, as everyone knows, when dissolving calcium hydroxide in water, it is best to be at low temperature. The temperature does not rise, and the amount of calcium hydroxide dissolved in the treatment liquid 70 can be ensured.

In addition, it is preferable to maintain a negative pressure in the carbon dioxide recovery tank 7, so that even if there is no blower device, the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 1 that passes through the inverted U-shaped pipe body 30 can be effectively sucked. In the figure, P is a vacuum pump for forming a negative pressure in the carbon dioxide recovery tank 7, and is provided on the way of the exhaust pipe 71 protruding from the top wall of the carbon dioxide recovery tank 7. 72 is a calcium carbonate outlet formed on the bottom wall of the carbon dioxide recovery tank 7 . 73 is an on-off valve that communicates with the outlet 72 .

In FIG. 4, as shown by the dotted line a, a plurality of the carbon dioxide recovery tanks 7 can be arranged in series according to the processing capacity. At this time, it is only necessary to extend the front end of the exhaust pipe 71 and insert it deeply into the second groove 7'.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4 , a dioxin treatment chamber 8 using supercritical water may be provided on the downstream side of the combustion chamber 1 .

In this supercritical water, a certain pressure and a certain temperature are applied to the water to form a critical state of liquid and gas. In this state, when a dioxin-containing gas or the like is added, it is decomposed and detoxified.

The chimney structure of the third embodiment is as described above, and this embodiment also contributes greatly to the prevention of global warming by not emitting a large amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, as in the first and second embodiments.

Fig. 5 shows a modified example of the exhaust gas treatment device in the third embodiment.

That is, using the structure shown in FIG. 3 between the chimney 3 and the carbon dioxide recovery tank 7, carbon dioxide is separated from the exhaust gas, introduced into the treatment liquid 70, and recovered as stable calcium carbonate. Therefore, nitrogen components in the exhaust gas and the like are not introduced into the carbon dioxide recovery tank 7, and carbon dioxide can be efficiently changed into calcium carbonate. (fourth embodiment)

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6 . This fourth embodiment is characterized by the structure of the chimney 3 . In the first embodiment, the chimney is a single upright shape, and in the second and third embodiments, the inverted U-shaped pipe body 30 is formed into a double-tube upright shape. In addition, the structure of the exhaust treatment device communicated with the chimney 3 can adopt any of the forms shown in the aforementioned second and third embodiments, and can also adopt the structure described later or other structures.

The combustion chamber 1 in this embodiment is divided into a first combustion chamber 11 , a second combustion chamber 12 and a third combustion chamber 13 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The first combustion chamber 11 is an incinerator for directly throwing in combustion materials, and the second and third combustion chambers carry out recombustion in two stages thereafter.

The chimney 3 of this embodiment connected to the combustion chamber 1 is constructed as follows. That is, the upper end 35a of the inner cylindrical body 35 is opened, the base end 35b of the inner cylindrical body 35 communicates with the combustion chamber 1, the outer cylindrical body 36 wraps the inner cylindrical body 35, and the upper end of the outer cylindrical body 36 is closed, and the inner cylindrical body 36 is closed in the middle of the cylindrical body. Exhaust port 36a is formed in part, and the tubular flow path R1 inside the inner cylindrical body 35 communicates with the annular flow path R2 between the inner cylindrical body 35 and the outer cylindrical body 36 to form a combustion gas flow path R. A porous laminate 4 is arranged in the road R.

The exhaust port 36a formed in the outer cylindrical body 36 communicates with the exhaust gas treatment device described in the first and second embodiments. 36b is the closed upper end part of the outer cylindrical body 36. As shown in FIG. 5 is a filter arranged on the downstream side of the stack 4 .

The shapes of the laminate 4 and the filter 5 are respectively formed into a cylindrical shape or a ring shape matching the tubular flow path R1 and the annular flow path R2.

With the above-mentioned structure, in this embodiment, the laminate 4 is arranged in the combustion gas flow path R to produce a dream pipe effect accompanied by heat transfer, which can greatly reduce the temperature at the outlet of the chimney, that is, from the exhaust port of the outer cylinder 36. 36a to downstream temperature, even if the exhaust port 36a is located at a low position close to the ground, there is no adverse effect of soot or high temperature gas.

And, unlike the first and second embodiments, the chimney 3 is bent, and the inner cylindrical body 35 and the outer cylindrical body 36 are formed into a double upright structure, so that the gas temperature required for arranging the laminate 4 can be ensured. The length of the combustion gas flow path R is such that the height of the chimney 3 can be roughly halved relative to the length of the flow path R.

In addition, since it is an upright type, the required installation space is small.

In addition, since the chimney 3 has a double-pipe structure with the inner cylindrical body 35 and the outer cylindrical body 36, it has a noise reduction effect.

That is, due to the double-pipe structure, the sounds generated from the pipe-shaped flow path and the ring-shaped flow path respectively interfere with each other to cancel out the frequency of the noise generated due to the fantasy pipe effect, and the noise can be greatly reduced. Therefore, the chimney structure of this embodiment has no influence on the surrounding environment.

The number of laminates 4 and the intervals between them can be appropriately set according to the length of the combustion gas flow path R. As shown in FIG. By determining the number and arrangement of the laminates 4, the height position of the exhaust port 36a communicating with the exhaust treatment device can be freely set. Therefore, even when equipment such as an exhaust treatment device is constructed after the chimney 3 is installed, the exhaust port 36a can be provided at an optimum position in consideration of the installation conditions of the equipment and the installation conditions of the combustion chamber 1 .

Therefore, the chimney structure of this embodiment can reduce the height of the chimney 3 , save installation space, suppress construction costs, and achieve noise reduction at the same time.

In addition, like the first and second embodiments, the present embodiment is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device to prevent carbon dioxide, which causes global warming, from being discharged into the atmosphere.

In addition to the above forms, the exhaust gas treatment device can also adopt the device with the structure shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 .

That is, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 can generate methanol from carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas.

The device shown in FIG. 7 is basically constituted by the structure shown in FIG. 3. In the exhaust gas treatment flow path S, a catalyst chamber 65 containing a NOx decomposition catalyst such as V ₂ O ₅ -TiO ₂ is provided, and the catalyst chamber 65 is arranged in series downstream of it. Equipped with liquefaction tank T1, reaction tank T2 and methanol tank T4. The liquefaction tank T1 liquefies and separates carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The reaction tank T2 gasifies carbon dioxide and reacts with hydrogen. The methanol tank T4 accommodates methanol produced by the reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrogen. V3 is the methanol take-out valve.

With the above structure, methane gas is produced by the following reaction in the reaction tank T2.

Of course, an appropriate catalyst must be used, and at the same time, the temperature and pressure in the reaction tank T2 are appropriately set according to the catalyst used.

The device shown in Figure 8 separates the carbon dioxide generated by the device shown in Figure 7 into carbon monoxide and water, and reacts the obtained carbon monoxide with hydrogen to obtain methanol.

That is, by The reaction yields methanol. In this case as well, an appropriate catalyst should be selected and temperature and pressure conditions should be appropriately set. In the figure, T5 is a carbon monoxide tank, which communicates with the hydrogen generator 68 through a valve V2'. (fifth embodiment)

FIG. 9 shows a device for obtaining pure carbon by using an exhaust gas treatment device, which is basically the same structure as that shown in FIG. 3 . B is a blower for forcibly sucking the exhaust gas from the chimney 3 into the exhaust gas treatment flow path S.

That is, in the exhaust gas treatment channel S communicated with the chimney 3, a catalyst chamber 65 containing a NOx decomposition catalyst such as V ₂ O ₅ -TiO ₂ is provided, and the liquefaction tank T1, reaction tank T1, and reaction chamber 65 are arranged in series downstream of it. Tank T2 and Carbon Tank T6. The liquefaction tank T1 liquefies and separates carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The reaction tank T2 gasifies carbon dioxide and reacts with hydrogen. The carbon tank T6 stores carbon produced by the reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

use reaction to obtain carbon. In this case as well, an appropriate catalyst is selected, and temperature and pressure conditions are appropriately set.

In addition, in this embodiment, the same as the fourth embodiment, the chimney 3 is made into a double-pipe structure composed of an inner cylinder 35 and an outer cylinder 36, and a cooling circuit F is provided as a stacking structure. Part 4 is a stack cooling mechanism for forced cooling.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the cooling circuit F is composed of a cooling tank F1 and a piping portion F2 constituting a circulation flow path. Cooling tank F1 stores cooling water and is equipped with a forced circulation pump. It is preferable to use a member with high thermal conductivity as the pipe used in the piping portion F2, and in this embodiment, a copper pipe is used.

The middle of the piping portion F2 is formed into a shape that is in contact with the surface of the laminate 4 in a spiral shape. F2' is a contact portion.

In addition, a member with high thermal conductivity such as a copper plate may be interposed between the contact portion F2 ′ and the laminate 4 .

In this embodiment, the cooling tank F1 is arranged outside the chimney 3, but in order to improve the appearance, the cooling tank F1 can also be made into a structure with sufficient heat insulation, and it is arranged between the inner cylinder 35 and the outer cylinder 36. Room, that is, it is arranged inside the chimney 3.

The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, however, the exhaust gas treatment device and the like are not necessarily provided, and the configuration thereof is not limited to the above-described respective embodiments.

In addition, the cooling circuit F for forcibly cooling the above-mentioned laminate 4 is also applicable to the above-mentioned first to fourth

Example.

Industrial Applicability

The present invention is implemented in the above form and has the following effects.

(1) The chimney structure according to claim 1, wherein a porous laminate is disposed in the pipe body of the combustion gas flow path formed by communicating with the combustion chamber at the base end and having an exhaust port at the front end. Therefore, by arranging this laminate, a dream tube effect accompanied by heat transfer can be produced, the chimney outlet temperature can be significantly lowered, and secondary generation of dioxin can be prevented. Therefore, it can be used in small incinerators, etc. Even in large incinerators, the height of the chimney can be reduced and the construction cost can be suppressed.

(2) The chimney structure according to claim 2, wherein the pipe body is bent into an inverted U shape, and a porous laminate is arranged in the combustion gas flow path formed in the pipe body. Therefore, the height of the chimney can be further reduced, and the construction cost can be suppressed. At the same time, even if the exhaust port is close to the ground, by arranging the laminated parts, there is also a dream pipe effect accompanying heat transfer, so the temperature at the chimney outlet can be greatly reduced, and coal gas can be eliminated. Adverse effects of smoke and hot gases.

(3) The chimney structure according to claim 3, wherein the upper end of the inner cylindrical body is open, the base end of the inner cylindrical body communicates with the combustion chamber, the outer cylindrical body wraps the inner cylindrical body, and the upper end of the outer cylindrical body Closed, an exhaust port is formed in the middle of the outer cylinder, and the tubular flow path inside the inner cylinder communicates with the annular flow path between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to form a combustion gas flow path. A multi-hole laminate is placed in the flow path, so the chimney can ensure the necessary length of the exhaust flow path, and the chimney is made of a double structure with half the height, which reduces the height, saves space, and reduces construction costs. In addition, by arranging laminated parts, there is a fantasy pipe effect with heat transfer, which can greatly reduce the chimney outlet temperature, so that even if the exhaust port is located at a low position close to the ground, there will be no adverse effects of soot and high-temperature gas. Furthermore, due to the double tube structure, noise generated by the dream tube effect can be eliminated.

(4) The chimney structure according to claim 4, wherein a filter is disposed in the combustion gas flow path. Therefore, soot and dust can be absorbed and clean exhaust can be discharged.

(5) The chimney structure according to claim 5, wherein the exhaust port is communicated with the exhaust gas treatment device. Therefore, it is a clean exhaust that does not cause environmental pollution.

(6) The chimney structure according to claim 6, wherein a blower is provided at the exhaust port. Therefore, the exhaust gas of the combustion chamber can be efficiently guided to the exhaust treatment device.

(7) The chimney structure according to claim 7, wherein the laminate is formed of porous ceramics. Therefore, existing materials can be used as laminates, which are easy to obtain and further enhance the fantasy tube effect.

(8) The chimney structure according to claim 8, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device is a gas generating unit, and in the gas generating unit, carbon dioxide reduction reaction occurs with water in the photocatalyst to generate methane gas. Therefore, carbon dioxide is not emitted into the atmosphere, and carbon dioxide can be converted into methane gas, which can be used as an external energy source such as a power source and a heat source.

(9) The chimney structure according to claim 9, wherein the gas generating unit is provided with a combustion gas storage chamber, a water tank communicated with the combustion gas storage chamber, and a methane gas refining chamber communicated with the water tank, so that A photocatalyst in which palladium is carried on the surface of titanium oxide is dispersed in the water tank. In this way, water can be used as a reducing agent, and a solid that can accumulate many electrons, that is, a semiconductor photocatalyst, can effectively reduce carbon dioxide and improve the generation efficiency of methane gas.

(10) The chimney structure according to claim 10, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device is a carbon dioxide recovery tank, and the carbon dioxide recovery tank accommodates a treatment liquid in which calcium hydroxide is dissolved, and the carbon dioxide contained in the combustion gas can be used as calcium carbonate. Recycle. Therefore, carbon dioxide generated by combustion can be recovered in a stable state.

(11) The chimney structure according to claim 11, wherein the inside of the carbon dioxide recovery tank is maintained at a negative pressure. Therefore, combustion gas can be efficiently introduced into the carbon dioxide recovery tank.

(12) The chimney structure according to claim 12, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device separates the exhaust gas into nitrogen and carbon dioxide through a NOx decomposition catalyst, and reacts the separated carbon dioxide with hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generator to generate methanol . Therefore, carbon dioxide is converted into methanol without being released into the atmosphere, and can be effectively used as external energy sources such as power sources and heat sources.

(13) The chimney structure according to claim 13, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device separates the exhaust gas into nitrogen and carbon dioxide through a NOx decomposition catalyst, and reacts the separated carbon dioxide with hydrogen generated by the hydrogen generator to generate carbon. Therefore, carbon dioxide is not emitted into the atmosphere, and it can be replaced by carbon as a pure resource.

(14) The chimney structure according to claim 14, wherein a cooling circuit for cooling the surface of the laminate is provided. Therefore, the exhaust gas temperature can be effectively lowered.

Claims (14)

1. The chimney structure is characterized in that a porous laminated body is arranged in a pipe body of a combustion gas flow path formed by a base end communicated with a combustion chamber and a front end provided with an exhaust port.

2. A chimney structure according to claim 1, wherein the pipe body is bent in an inverted U-shape, and a porous laminate is disposed in a combustion gas flow path formed in the pipe body.

3. The chimney structure is characterized in that the upper end of an inner cylinder is open, the base end of the inner cylinder is communicated with a combustion chamber, an outer cylinder encloses the inner cylinder, the upper end of the outer cylinder is closed, an exhaust port is formed in the middle of the outer cylinder, a tubular flow passage in the inner cylinder is communicated with an annular flow passage between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to form a combustion gas flow passage, and a porous laminated member is arranged in the combustion gas flow passage.

4. A chimney structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a filter is provided in the combustion gas flow path.

5. A chimney construction according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the exhaust port is connected in communication with an exhaust gas treatment device.

6. A chimney construction according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a blower is provided at the exhaust.

7. The chimney construction of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the laminate is formed from a porous ceramic.

8. The chimney structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device is a gas generation unit, and the gas generation unit generates methane gas by generating a carbon dioxide reduction reaction with water of the photocatalyst.

9. The chimney structure according to claim 8, wherein the gas generating section comprises a combustion gas containing chamber, a water tank section communicating with the combustion gas containing chamber, and a methane gas purifying chamber communicating with the water tank section, and a photocatalyst having palladium supported on a titanium oxide surface is dispersed in the water tank section.

10. A chimney structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the exhaust gas treatment device is a carbon dioxide recovery tank which contains a treatment liquid in which calcium hydroxide is dissolved and which can recover carbon dioxide contained in combustion gas as calcium carbonate.

11. The chimney structure according to claim 10, wherein the carbon dioxide recovery tank is maintained at a negative pressure.

12. A chimney structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the exhaust gas treatment device separates the exhaust gas into nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide by a NOx decomposition catalyst, and reacts the separated carbon dioxide with hydrogen generated from the hydrogen generation device to generate methanol.

13. A chimney structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the exhaust gas treatment device separates the exhaust gas into nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide by a NOx decomposition catalyst, and reacts the separated carbon dioxide with hydrogen generated from the hydrogen generation device to generate carbon.

14. A chimney construction according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that there is provided a cooling circuit for cooling the surface of the stack.

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