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CN1371561A - System and method for implementing hybrid automatic request using parity check combining - Google Patents

System and method for implementing hybrid automatic request using parity check combining Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1371561A
CN1371561A CN00812021A CN00812021A CN1371561A CN 1371561 A CN1371561 A CN 1371561A CN 00812021 A CN00812021 A CN 00812021A CN 00812021 A CN00812021 A CN 00812021A CN 1371561 A CN1371561 A CN 1371561A
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China
Prior art keywords
data units
error
error correction
block
received
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CN00812021A
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CN1139219C (en
Inventor
J·佩尔松
L·维尔赫姆松
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1835—Buffer management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/1874—Buffer management

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Detection And Correction Of Errors (AREA)
  • Techniques For Improving Reliability Of Storages (AREA)

Abstract

The system has a transmitter (200), having a complete data packet which is divided into a number of data units (Dus) (200). The DUs (220) are encoded for both error detection and error correction. Both the error correction and error detection parity check bits are separately combined into one or more blocks. Thereafter, the DUs (220) and the block(s) containing the combined parity check bits are transmitted to the receiver (250). If the receiver determines that a received DU (220) does not contain any errors, the error correction parity check bits for that DU (220) are generated and their effect on the combined error correction parity check bits removed. Thereafter, the remaining error correction parity check bits, which now only contains information about the Dus actually in error, are used to correct the erroneous Dus (220).

Description

Implement the method and apparatus of mixed automatic repeat request by using the parity check combination
Background of the present invention
Present patent application requires submit to, co-pending U.S. Provisional Application No.60/141 on June 25th, 1999,159 patent rights according to 35 U.S.C.119 (e) (1).
Invention field
The present invention relates generally to telecommunication system and the method that is used for transmitting reliably information, particularly, relates to the error control coding of the reliability that is used to guarantee the information that sends.
Background of invention and purpose
In many application, a large amount of numerical datas must be sent out and receive in faultless mode almost.Particularly in cellular telecommunication and satellite communication system, the transmission of the numerical data by air interface must be finished in correct as far as possible mode.Yet the correct transmission and the reception of numerical data are difficult to, and can be subjected to various the tangling of wrong factor of introducing because be used to the communication channel of the transfer of data by air interface.For example, such mistake may be owing to the astable condition in the channel (such as noise and distortion), and perhaps they are owing to the recurrent condition that is attributable to the defective in the channel causes.The existence of astable conditioned disjunction defective causes numerical data correctly not to be sent out or can not be received reliably.
Numerical data usually is sent out by grouping (or piece, or frame), and wherein each grouping comprises a plurality of information bytes, and the frame check sequence of Parity Check Bits (PCB) is followed in the back.The mistake that typically occurs in the transmission of numerical data with when receiving has two types: " at random " channel error and " burst " channel error.The accidental channel mistake is the mistake that occurs independently of each other, and they are dispersed in the grouping equably, and the Burst Channel mistake is the mistake that occurs with the cluster form.PCB in each packet is used for detecting channel error when with where be introduced in the packet.
A lot of attentivenesss all concentrates on to be found to be used to solve about typically and the method for the problem of the mistake that accompanies by the data transmission activity of air interface.For example, two kinds of common error correcting techniques comprise forward error correction (FEC) and automatic repetitive requests (ARQ).The FEC error correcting technique adds redundant information in transmitter, this information is received machine and makes and be used for correcting error of transmission, and in the ARQ error correcting technique, data are encoded in this wise, so that the mistake in the packet can be detected, but not by error correction.By ARQ, when detecting mistake, the receiver request resends those packets that receives mistakenly.
A usual way that detects mistake is that the PCB (detecting (CRC) sign indicating number such as cyclic redundancy) error detection is included in packet.The CRC sign indicating number is to generate in the information from be included in packet.At the receiver place, receiver uses the information in the packet that is included in reception to generate additional CRC sign indicating number.If the CRC sign indicating number that is generated by receiver is complementary with the CRC sign indicating number of the packet that is included in reception, then packet is recognized as and correctly receives.If do not match, then the receiver request reappears and sends this packet.Should see that mistake can be for packet or for CRC code book body.Yet, because CRC sign indicating number and packet are considered to a unit, so be considered to mistake for whole unit for any mistake wherein.
If the error rate on the communication channel (BER) is less relatively, then the ARQ technology will provide high throughput for rational block length.Yet if BER increases, because needed repeating transmission number of times increases, throughput will reduce widely.So, typically, use the combination of FEC and ARQ technology, can not make average throughput sacrifice too many so that have reliable link.This combination of ARQ and FEC is called as hybrid ARQ.
For example, in order to improve the performance of the ARQ technology when BER is very high, can use hybrid ARQ type-I.In hybrid ARQ type-I technology, data be encoded so that at the receiver place except carrying out error detection, can also carry out correction to most probable mistake.Only most probable mistake (wrong patterns that for example only has several bit mistakes) is corrected at the receiver place, this has just reduced the number of times of retransmitting.Wrong patterns seldom is detected, and request is retransmitted having those seldom wrong packets.So the effective data rate of grouping can be retained as quite high.Hybrid ARQ type-I technology be suitable for best those wherein BER be relative more constant channel.
Yet, many practical situation are arranged, wherein BER is not constant, but very big variation is arranged.Reason for this species diversity change of BER may comprise: during the part of grouping, there is interference source, and but during another part of grouping, do not have interference source.Do not need error correction thereby the influence of this species diversity can be good channel to be made; Thereby or the feasible very strong code (this means low speed) that needs of extremely bad channel.Hybrid ARQ type-I technology does not need to carry out finely when being good at channel, because do not need error correcting capability.In addition, when channel is bad time (this is meant and may has considerably less wrong patterns) extremely, the error correcting capability of hybrid ARQ type-I technology may be not enough.
Under this situation of BER difference, can adopt hybrid ARQ type-II technology.Hybrid ARQ type-II technology makes the ARQ technology adapt to actual channel condition.At first, packet only is sent out together with the piece of the PCB that is used for error correction.If receiver does not detect mistake, then grouping is considered to correctly be received.Yet if the mistake of detecting, the grouping that receives is buffered, and receiver request transmitter sends another PCB piece, and it can be used for carrying out error correction with the PCB piece of former reception.Therefore, error correction only just is performed when its actual needs.Yet the same with traditional ARQ, ARQ type-II technology also can be introduced additional time-delay owing to retransmit PCB.
So, an object of the present invention is to provide the EDC error detection and correction of packet, and do not need retransmitted data packet or the Parity Check Bits relevant with packet.
Another object of the present invention is: only provide error correction for those packets that receive improperly.
Brief summary of the invention
The present invention relates to be used at the receiver place telecommunication system and method that to data grouping is carried out error detection and only is used for those packets execution error correction of being received are not mistakenly needed retransmitted data packet or Parity Check Bits.The complete packet that is sent out at first is divided into a plurality of that are represented as data cell (DU).DU encodes for EDC error detection and correction.Subsequently, the error correction parity bits that is used for the DU of complete packet is combined into one or more, and similarly, the error detection Parity Check Bits preferably is combined into one or more pieces that separate.After this, transmitter sends to receiver to these DU with the piece that comprises the Parity Check Bits of combination.When receiver is deciphered these DU, the mistake of receiver check in each DU.For each DU that does not comprise any mistake, produce and to be used for this DU is carried out the Parity Check Bits of error correction, and remove their influences the Parity Check Bits of the combination that is used for error correction.After this, the Parity Check Bits (these Parity Check Bits only comprise the information about the DU that in fact makes mistakes now) that is used for error correction is used for the DU that attempts correcting a mistake.Therefore, the Parity Check Bits that is used for error correction only is used in those and is determined the DU with mistake, and error correcting capability is not wasted on those DU that correctly received.
The accompanying drawing summary
Describe the present invention disclosed referring now to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing has shown the embodiment of important example of the present invention, and they are introduced in the technical descriptioon of the present invention for your guidance, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows seven layers the block diagram that can form open systems interconnection model;
Fig. 2 shows by using automatic repetitive requests (ARQ) error-check, packet is sent to the figure of receiver from transmitter by air interface;
Fig. 3 shows the transmission of carrying out packet according to Hybrid ARQ Technique the preferred embodiments of the present invention, that utilize EDC error detection and correction by using;
Fig. 4 demonstration utilizes Hybrid ARQ Technique shown in Figure 3 to send the step of packet; And
Fig. 5 shows the generation of Parity Check Bits of the combination of the EDC error detection and correction be used for a plurality of data cells.
This preferred detailed description of illustrative embodiments
Concrete now a plurality of innovative teachings of describing present patent application with reference to this preferred exemplary embodiment.Yet, should see that this class embodiment only provides the several examples in the many favourable application of innovative teachings here.Usually, the elaboration of making in the application's technical descriptioon does not limit claimed any part of the present invention inevitably.And some elaboration can be applicable to some invention feature, but can not be applied to further feature.
The open system interconnection (osi) model is to be used for the mainframe computer environment by International Standards Organization (ISO) exploitation in early days in the 1980's.This agreement provides for mainframe computer and miscellaneous equipment (comprising terminal and modulator-demodulator) and communicates necessary program process and mechanism.Osi model is divided into three different functions (processing, conveying and network) to transfer of data so that realize a kind of application, and this application examples is as being file transmission or speech transmissions.Processing capacity is used some agreements like this, and these agreements are unique for the application of using them, and meanwhile conveying function can with the processing capacity interfaces so that provide reliable transfer of data by network.For example, conveying function provides EDC error detection and correction and other task, sorts such as data segment.At last, network function is provided for by network the actual mechanism that is routed to the destination node of data.
Referring now to Fig. 1, the open system interconnection (osi) model is carried out processing capacity, conveying function and network function, and these functions are divided into seven different layers: application layer 10, presentation layer 20, session layer 30, transfer layer 40, network layer 50, data link layer 60 and physical layer 70.Each layer is provided to business on its top and following layer.For example, it is professional to data link layer 60 that physical layer 70 provides, and it is professional to network layer 50 and physical layer 70 or the like that the latter provides again.Yet each layer is independently, so if the changing function of any one layer does not influence the function of other layer.
Physical layer 70 is bottom layer, and it is responsible for digital data converting is become the layer of the bit stream be used for transmitting on communication channel.Data link layer 60 is provided at the reliable communication between two equipment (such as, transmitter and receiver).For example, with reference to Fig. 2, when data 215 will be by air interface 240 when transmitter 200 sends to receiver 250, network layer 50a in the transmitter 200 is sent to data link layer 60a in the transmitter 200 to the data block 215 that is called as Service Data Unit (SDU) 210, and described SDU 210 typically comprises several packets.Data link layer 60a in the transmitter 200 is segmented into a plurality of data cells (DU) 220 to SDU 210, and they are compared with the length (for example being 1500 bytes) of SDU 210, has predetermined short length, for example is 40 bytes.These DU220 are stored in the transmit buffer 230 among the data link layer 60a, and be sent to network layer 70a in the transmitter 200, so that the numerical data among the DU 220 215 is transformed into bit stream, thereby can send to physical layer 70b in the receiver 250 by communication channel 240 (such as air interface).
When the physical layer 70a of transmitter 200 sent to receiver 250 to the DU220 that comprises data 215 by communication channel 240, communication channel between transmitter 200 and receiver 250, that be used for transmitting data 215 may be introduced a plurality of mistakes in the data 215 that sent.So, except sending DU 220, can send error detection code 225a for each DU 220, such as the cyclic redundancy code that comprises Parity Check Bits (PCB) (CRC).This error-check is called as automatic repetitive requests (ARQ) technology.The CRC sign indicating number 225a that is used for each DU 220 is generated according to the data 215 in each DU 200 by transmitter 200.Therefore, each CRC sign indicating number 225a derives the data 215 in the DU relevant with it 200.
When the data link layer 60b of receiver 250 when the physical layer 70b of receiver 250 receives DU 220, the data link layer 60 of receiver 250 generates the additional CRC sign indicating number 225b of the DU 220 that is used for each reception according to the data among the DU220 that is comprised in each reception 215.It is wrong that CRC sign indicating number 225b is used for detecting which DU 220.The data link layer 60b of receiver 250 is stored in those DU 220 that make mistakes and all DU 220 relevant with the SDU 210 with the DU 220 that makes mistakes in the receiver buffer 260.After this, the data link layer 60b of receiver 250 request is retransmitted those DU 220 that receiver 250 does not correctly receive by the data link layer 60a of transmitter 200.If (and working as), DU 220 was correctly received, the data link layer 60b of receiver 250 sends the data link layer 60a of response message 270 to transmitter 200, so that notice transmitter 200:DU 220 has correctly been received.In addition, when all DU 220 relevant with SDU 210 correctly received, SDU 210 was sent to the network layer 50b of receiver 250.
Such ARQ technology is simple, but is actually uneconomic because the DU 220 that has free time to spend in to wait for each transmission reply 270.Therefore, though the reliability of ARQ technology is very high, the probability that receiver 250 receives incorrect DU 220 is very low, owing to need a large amount of repeating transmission, so the efficient of throughput is low.
So according to embodiments of the invention, Hybrid ARQ Technique can be utilized to make only carries out error correction for those DU 220 that receive mistakenly, and does not need to retransmit the DU 220 that makes mistakes.Referring now to Fig. 3, the step of listing in conjunction with Fig. 4 describes, in case the data 215 that will be sent to receiver 250 are divided into a plurality of DU 220 by the data link layer 60a of transmitter 200 1With 220 2(step 400) is so DU 220 1With 220 2For EDC error detection and correction be encoded individually (step 405).After this, be respectively applied for DU 220 1With 220 2Error correction PCB 228 1With 228 2Be combined into one or several piece 229 (step 410).Similarly, in a preferred embodiment, error detection PCB 225 1With 225 2(such as the CRC bit) is combined into one or several piece 226 (step 415).Alternatively, replace error detection PCB 225 1With 225 2Make up, but can be error detection PCB 225 1With 225 2Together with the DU relevant 220 with them 1With 220 2Send together.
In case transmitter by communication channel 240 (such as air interface) DU 220 with comprise the error correction of combination respectively and the piece 229 and 226 of error detection PCB sends to the data link layer 60b (step 420) of receiver 250, so the DU 220 that receives 1With 220 2Just be used for generating respectively the DU 220 that is used for each reception 1With 220 2Additional error detection PCB 225b 1And 225b 2(step 425).After this, additional error detection PCB 225b 1And 225b 2Be used for determining whether the DU 220 (step 435) of any mistake with the error detection PCB piece 226 that receives.For example, as shown in Figure 3, because DU 220 1Be confirmed as not makeing mistakes (step 435), be used for these DU 220 1Error correction PCB 228 1Be generated (step 440).Because these error correction PCB 228 1Be known, they are known to the influence of the error correction block 229 of combination, and can be removed (step 445).
Yet, if any one DU (here is DU 220 2) be found to be (step 435) of makeing mistakes, the DU 220 that receives mistakenly then 2Be buffered in (as shown in Figure 2) (step 450) in the receiver buffer 260, and the DU 220 that receives mistakenly 2Together with remaining error correction PCB 228 2(they only depend on the DU 220 of mistake) is used for the DU 220 of reception together with correcting a mistake 2(step 460).If after error correction, the DU 220 of Jie Shouing mistakenly 2Still be found to be (step 465) of makeing mistakes (and seldom being this situation), then the DU 220 that receives mistakenly of receiver 250 request repeats 2(step 470).For (step 435) or (step 465) all DU 220 that are repaired by error correction of correctly receiving 1With 220 2, receiver 250 will send one and reply to transmitter 200 (step 475), and next the latter removes these DU 220 from transmit buffer 230 1With 220 2(as shown in Figure 2) (step 480).
In fact, all error correcting capabilities that this Hybrid ARQ Technique permission comprises in the error correction PCB piece 229 of combination are used in to correct and are found the DU 220 that makes mistakes, and error correcting capability are not wasted on those DU 220 that correctly received.Therefore, additional overhead is reduced and do not increase the repeating transmission number of times.
In conjunction with Fig. 5 embodiments of the invention are described more fully now.From the data 215 of K bit, these data at first are divided into the N piece, comprise n respectively 1, n 2..., n NBit.These pieces are corresponding to DU shown in Figure 3 220, and are represented as DU 1..., DU N
At first CRC bit 225a is that error detection is encoded to each these DU 220 by adding upward.Be used in N the code that generates error detection PCB and be represented as ED 1, ED 2, or the like.Be used to be represented as C respectively for the PCB 225a of each DU 220 error detections 1, C 2..., C NThen, each these DU 220 is for error correction is encoded, so that for each DU 220 affix redundancies PCB 228.N the code that is used for error correction is represented as EC 1, EC 2, or the like.Be used to the PCB 228 of each different DU 220 error correction to be represented as P respectively 2, P 2..., P N
After this, be used to the PCB 228 of all DU 220 error correction by using code EC N+1(after this be represented as P and be encoded into error correction block 229 Comb).For example, code EC N+1Can be all error correction PCB 228 bits with mould-2 mode (bitwise modulo2) addition (supposition PCB has identical length) by bit, thus formation P CombRoutine as an alternative, code EC N+1Can be Reed Solomon code, compare that it can promote better error correcting capability with mould-2 and method.In addition, for code EC N+1Can use grid code, block code or convolution code.Should see code EC N+1Can make up error correction PCB 228 and generate the additional error correction PCB 228 of error detection PCB (not shown) to be used to make up.So receiver 250 can be guaranteed: the combination PCB 228 that is used for error correction can correctly be received.
In addition, in a preferred embodiment, the CRC bit 225a that is used for all DU 220 is by using code ED N+1(here it is represented as C and be encoded into (being combined to) piece 226 Comb) in, for example it can be Reed Solomon code.Alternatively, substitute CRC bit 225a is made up, all CRC bit 225a can be sent out under the situation that does not influence the DU relevant with them 220, and perhaps CRC bit 225a can be placed in the grouping together.
After this, N DU 220 and the C that is used to error detection CombBit and the P that is used to error correction CombBit is sent to receiver 250.At receiver 250 places, (be represented as DU ' when receiving N DU 220 of receipts 1, DU ' 2..., DU ' N) after, be used for the C of error detection CombBit is used for determining which DU 220 is (if any) of makeing mistakes.This is by generating corresponding CRC bit 225b, C ' for each DU 220 1..., C ' NFinish.Except C CombOutside the bit, these additional CRC bit 225b are used in error detection.
For example, if DU ' 1Receive at receiver 250 places, corresponding to the DU 220 of the DU1 that sends, then receiver 250 is according to DU ' 1Calculate CRC bit C ' 1Receiver is for each DU 220, DU 1..., DU NRepeat this processing procedure, thereby generate CRC bit 225b, C ' 1..., C ' NThese CRC bits 225b, C ' 1..., C ' NTogether with receiving C CombBe used for together determining which DU 220 is (if any) that receive mistakenly.
For all DU that correctly receives 220, the corresponding PCB 228P ' that is used for error correction 1..., P ' N, be generated, and they are to P CombInfluence be removed.So, P CombRemainder (be represented as piece P ' Comb) depend on the DU 220 that is not correctly received fully.For example, suppose except (a DU for example 2) in addition all DU 220 are correctly received, as determine by above error detection step like that, and suppose P CombCorrectly received, if P CombBe mould-2 and for all PCB 228 different DU 220, that be used for error detection, then the DU 220 for mistake (is DU here 2) PCB 228 can be simply by in the mode of mould-2 P CombAnd append on all PCB 228 that are used for error correction that generate for the DU that correctly receives 220 by receiver 250 and obtained.Should see, use mould-2 and method only when a DU 220 makes mistakes at the most, be only feasible.If the DU 220 of more than one mistake will appear in expection, then need more complicated method.
At last, the P ' that is used for error detection that generates for the DU 220 of mistake CombCan be used for being corrected in the mistake among these DU 220.If one or more DU 220 are still incorrect after error correction, these DU 220 of request repeat then.Determine that in fact whether correct DU 220 the processing procedure that lives through correction process be similar to error detection processing procedure described above.For example, attempting to correct DU 2The time, if DU 2Correctly do not received, receiver 250 is used error correction PCB, P 2, produce DU ' 2After this, CRC bit 225b, C ' 2By the DU ' of receiver 250 according to valuation 2Generate, and DU ' 2Now check in the mode identical with the error correction of former implementation.If DU 2Still be considered to correctly do not received, then by receiver 250 request repeats.Should be pointed out that and to retransmit DU 220 all, that correctly do not received, and just become possible which DU 220 in receiver 250 places error correction.
It will be appreciated that as those skilled in the art the notion of the innovation of describing among the application can be revised and changed in the application's scope.Therefore, the scope of patented subject matter should not be limited to the specific exemplary teachings of being discussed, but by following claim regulation.

Claims (27)

1.用于检测和纠正发送数据中的错误的电信系统，包括：1. Telecommunications systems for detecting and correcting errors in transmitted data, including: 发射机，用于接收数据块，把所述数据块分段成至少两个数据单元，对于每个所述至少两个数据单元生成检错码和纠错码，以及把所有的所述纠错码组合成纠错块；以及a transmitter for receiving a data block, segmenting the data block into at least two data units, generating an error detection code and an error correction code for each of the at least two data units, and converting all of the error correction codes Codes are combined into error correction blocks; and 接收机，用于接收来自所述发射机的所述至少两个数据单元、所述检错码和所述纠错块，通过使用所述有关的检错码确定所述至少两个接收的数据单元中的任何一个是否出错，从所述纠错块中去除与正确地接收的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个有关的所述纠错码，以及通过使用从所述纠错块的其余部分生成的所述相关的纠错码来纠正被错误地接收的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个。a receiver for receiving said at least two data units, said error detection code and said error correction block from said transmitter, determining said at least two received data units by using said associated error detection code whether any of the units are erroneous, remove the error correction code associated with each of the at least two data units received correctly from the error correction block, and remove the error correction code from the error correction block by using The remainder generates said associated error correction code to correct each of said at least two data units received in error. 2.权利要求1的电信系统，还包括：2. The telecommunications system of claim 1, further comprising: 信道，用于把所述至少两个数据单元、所述检错码和所述纠错块从发射机发送到接收机。a channel for transmitting said at least two data units, said error detection code and said error correction block from a transmitter to a receiver. 3.权利要求2的电信系统，其中所述信道是空中接口。3. The telecommunications system of claim 2, wherein said channel is an air interface. 4.权利要求1的电信系统，其中所述发射机还把所述检错码组合成检错块，所述接收机使用所述检错块来确定所述至少两个接收的数据单元中的任何一个是否出错。4. The telecommunications system of claim 1, wherein said transmitter further combines said error detection codes into an error detection block, said receiver using said error detection block to determine which of said at least two received data units Does either one go wrong. 5.权利要求4的电信系统，其中所述接收机使用所述至少两个接收的数据单元来生成附加的检错码，所述接收机使用所述附加检错码连同所述检错块来确定所述至少两个接收的数据单元中的任何一个是否出错。5. The telecommunications system of claim 4, wherein said receiver uses said at least two received data units to generate an additional error detection code, said receiver uses said additional error detection code together with said error detection block to It is determined whether any of the at least two received data units are erroneous. 6.权利要求1的电信系统，其中所述发射机还包括：6. The telecommunications system of claim 1, wherein said transmitter further comprises: 网络层，用于生成所述数据块；A network layer, configured to generate the data block; 数据链路层，用于从所述网络层接收所述数据块，把所述数据块分段成所述至少两个数据单元和生成所述检错码和所述纠错块；以及a data link layer for receiving said data block from said network layer, segmenting said data block into said at least two data units and generating said error detection code and said error correction block; and 物理层，用于把所述至少两个数据单元、所述检错码和所述纠错块发送到所述接收机。a physical layer for sending the at least two data units, the error detection code and the error correction block to the receiver. 7.权利要求6的电信系统，其中所述接收机还包括：7. The telecommunications system of claim 6, wherein said receiver further comprises: 物理层，用于从所述发射机接收所述至少两个数据单元、所述检错码和所述纠错块；以及a physical layer for receiving the at least two data units, the error detection code, and the error correction block from the transmitter; and 数据链路层，用于确定所述至少两个接收的数据单元的中任何一个是否出错，和通过使用从所述纠错块的所述其余部分生成的所述相关的检错码来纠正被错误地接收的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个。a data link layer for determining whether any one of said at least two received data units is erroneous, and correcting the detected error by using said associated error detection code generated from said remainder of said error correction block Each of the at least two data units received in error. 8.权利要求1的电信系统，其中所述接收机对于被正确地接收的、或通过使用从所述纠错块的所述其余部分生成的所述相关的检错码而被纠正的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个发送应答消息给所述发射机。8. The telecommunication system of claim 1, wherein said receiver is correct for said error detection code that is correctly received or corrected by using said associated error detection code generated from said remainder of said error correction block. Each of the at least two data units sends an acknowledgment message to the transmitter. 9.权利要求8的电信系统，其中所述发射机还包括：9. The telecommunications system of claim 8, wherein said transmitter further comprises: 发送缓存器，用于存储所述至少两个数据单元直至接收到对于所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个的所述应答消息为止。A sending buffer for storing the at least two data units until the reply message for each of the at least two data units is received. 10.权利要求1的电信系统，其中所述接收机还包括：10. The telecommunications system of claim 1, wherein said receiver further comprises: 接收机缓存器，用于存储错误地接收的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个直至错误地接收的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个被纠正为止。A receiver buffer for storing each of the at least two data units received in error until each of the at least two data units received in error is corrected. 11.权利要求10的电信系统，其中所述接收机请求从所述发射机重发对于不能被纠正的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个的所述纠错码。11. The telecommunications system of claim 10, wherein said receiver requests a retransmission from said transmitter of said error correction code for each of said at least two data units that could not be corrected. 12.权利要求1的电信系统，其中所述纠错块是通过把所有的所述纠错码用按比特的模-2方法相加在一起而生成的。12. The telecommunications system of claim 1, wherein said error correction block is generated by adding all of said error correction codes together using a bitwise modulo-2 method. 13.权利要求1的电信系统，其中所述检错码包括循环冗余检验比特。13. The telecommunications system of claim 1, wherein said error detection code comprises cyclic redundancy check bits. 14.权利要求1的电信系统，其中所述纠错码包括奇偶校验比特。14. The telecommunications system of claim 1, wherein said error correction code comprises parity bits. 15.权利要求1的电信系统，其中所述纠错块包含至少两个纠错块。15. The telecommunications system of claim 1, wherein said error correction block comprises at least two error correction blocks. 16.用于将数据从发射机发送到接收机而不需要重发所述数据的方法，包括以下步骤：16. A method for sending data from a transmitter to a receiver without retransmitting said data, comprising the steps of: 在发射机处，接收数据块；at the transmitter, receiving a block of data; 把所述数据块分段成至少两个数据单元；segmenting the data block into at least two data units; 对于所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个生成检错码；generating an error detection code for each of the at least two data units; 对于所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个生成纠错码；generating an error correction code for each of the at least two data units; 组合所有的所述纠错码，以形成纠错块；以及combining all of said error correcting codes to form an error correcting block; and 发送所述至少两个数据单元、所述检错码和所述纠错块。The at least two data units, the error detection code and the error correction block are transmitted. 17.权利要求16的方法，还包括以下步骤：17. The method of claim 16, further comprising the step of: 把所述检错码组合成检错块，所述检错块被发送。The error detection codes are combined into an error detection block, which is transmitted. 18.权利要求16的方法，其中所述发送的步骤还包括以下步骤：18. The method of claim 16, wherein said step of transmitting further comprises the step of: 把所述至少两个数据单元存储在所述发射机内的发送缓存器中；storing said at least two data units in a transmit buffer within said transmitter; 当接收到对于所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个的应答消息时从所述发送缓存器中去除所述至少两个数据单元。The at least two data units are removed from the transmit buffer upon receipt of an acknowledgment message for each of the at least two data units. 19.权利要求16的方法，其中所述组合的步骤还包括以下步骤：19. The method of claim 16, wherein said step of combining further comprises the step of: 通过把所有的所述纠错码用按比特的模-2方式相加在一起而把所述纠错码组合成所述纠错块。The error correcting codes are combined into the error correcting block by adding all of the error correcting codes together in a bitwise modulo-2 fashion. 20.用于检测和纠正在从发射机发送到接收机的数据中的错误的方法，包括以下步骤：20. A method for detecting and correcting errors in data sent from a transmitter to a receiver comprising the steps of: 在接收机处，接收至少两个数据单元，用于所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个的检错码、和包含用于所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个的纠错码的组合的纠错块；At a receiver, receiving at least two data units, an error detection code for each of the at least two data units, and a code containing an error correction code for each of the at least two data units combined error correction blocks; 通过使用所述有关的纠错码确定所述至少两个接收的数据单元中的任何一个是否出错；determining whether any of said at least two received data units are erroneous by using said associated error correction code; 从所述纠错块中去除与正确地接收的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个有关的所述纠错码；以及removing the error correction code associated with each of the at least two data units correctly received from the error correction block; and 通过使用从所述纠错块的其余部分生成到的所述相关的纠错码来纠正被错误地接收的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个。Each of the at least two data units received in error is corrected by using the associated error correction code generated from the remainder of the error correction block. 21.权利要求20的方法，其中所述接收的步骤还包括以下步骤：21. The method of claim 20, wherein said step of receiving further comprises the step of: 接收包含所述检错码的组合的检错块；以及receiving an error detection block comprising the combination of error detection codes; and 使用所述检错块来确定所述至少两个接收的数据单元中的任何一个是否出错。The error detection block is used to determine whether any of the at least two received data units are in error. 22.权利要求21的方法，其中所述确定的步骤还包括以下步骤：22. The method of claim 21, wherein said determining step further comprises the step of: 通过使用所述至少两个接收的数据单元生成对于所述至少两个接收的数据单元中的每一个的第二检错码；以及generating a second error detection code for each of the at least two received data units by using the at least two received data units; and 使用所述第二检错码连同所述接收到的检错块来确定所述至少两个接收的数据单元中的任何一个是否出错。It is determined whether any of the at least two received data units are erroneous using the second error detection code in conjunction with the received error detection block. 23.权利要求20的方法，其中所述纠正的步骤还包括以下步骤：23. The method of claim 20, wherein said step of correcting further comprises the step of: 通过使用所述纠错块的所述其余部分生成对于被错误地接收的所述至少两个数据单元的所述纠错码；以及generating said error correction code for said at least two data units received in error by using said remaining portion of said error correction block; and 把所述生成的检错码应用到错误地接收到的所述至少两个数据单元，以便纠正错误地接收到的所述至少两个数据单元。Applying the generated error detection code to the at least two erroneously received data units to correct the erroneously received at least two data units. 24.权利要求20的方法，还包括以下步骤：24. The method of claim 20, further comprising the step of: 对于被正确地接收到的、或通过使用从所述纠错块的所述其余部分生成的所述相关的检错码而被纠正的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个发送应答消息给所述发射机。Sending an acknowledgment message to each of said at least two data units that were correctly received or corrected by using said associated error detection code generated from said remainder of said error correction block the transmitter. 25.权利要求20的方法，还包括以下步骤：25. The method of claim 20, further comprising the step of: 把错误地接收到的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个存储在接收机缓存器中直至错误地接收的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个被纠正为止。Each of the at least two data units received in error is stored in a receiver buffer until each of the at least two data units received in error is corrected. 26.权利要求20的方法，还包括以下步骤：26. The method of claim 20, further comprising the step of: 请求从所述发射机重发对于不能被纠正的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个的所述纠错码。A retransmission of the error correction code for each of the at least two data units that could not be corrected is requested from the transmitter. 27.权利要求20的方法，其中所述去除的步骤还包括以下步骤：27. The method of claim 20, wherein said step of removing further comprises the step of: 生成对于被正确地接收的所述至少两个数据单元中的每一个的所述纠错码。The error correction code is generated for each of the at least two data units that were correctly received.
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