CN1369054A - Water lance blower for cleaning heat exchangers, especially of combustion chamber heating surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a water lance blower that is separately controlled by servomotors (30; 31) with resolvers (32; 33). The conventional linear unit (10) which can be horizontally displaced and whose height can be adjusted is guided on a vertically arranged linear unit (9) via a cross slide (11). Said linear unit (10) is fastened to the boiler wall via an auxiliary frame (1) and via two fastening brackets (5; 6), whereby the cardan joint (13) placed on the linear unit (9) is designed as a closed double frame structure (14) and the outer frame (15) is connected, in its upper area, via a spacer (17) with ribs (18) to the linear unit (9) via two flanges (19; 20), whereby the connecting flange for receiving a pin (23) has a recess (21) so that an upper and lower pivot is created, and the pin (23) is fastened to the inner frame (16) via an additional spacer (22). Said frame (16) receives, in the middle thereof, the blast pipe guide bush (24) via a transversal pin (25). The blast pipe guide bush comprises, on both sides, connection pieces (26; 27) which each receive expansion bellows (28; 29).

Description

Water spray gun for cleaning the heat carrier, especially the heating surface of the combustion chamber

It is used to clean the heat carrier, especially the water spray gun on the heating surface of the steam boiler combustion chamber. It uses the outlet of the nozzle to be fixed in the hole or wall groove of the combustion chamber wall through a universal joint. The rear part of the nozzle is set on the In a guide rail, the guide rail is vertically adjustable in height and can be moved horizontally on a known linear unit through another universal joint, which has a sleeve as an internal part, and the nozzle pipe is mounted axially displaceable on the The sleeve, wherein the spout has a nozzle and a spray head.

The invention relates to a water spray gun used for cleaning the heat carrier, especially the heating surface of the combustion chamber of a steam boiler. The rear part of the guide rail is arranged in a guide rail, the height of the guide rail is vertically adjustable and horizontally movable, and it is fixed on a known linear unit through another universal joint. This universal joint has a sleeve as an internal part, and the nozzle can It is installed in the sleeve to move, wherein the spray pipe has a nozzle and a spray head.

According to DE 41 42 448 known a kind of spray gun that is used for cleaning heat carrier, it is fixed in the hole of combustion chamber wall by a universal joint with the outlet of nozzle, and wherein the rear portion of nozzle is arranged on a In the guide rail, the height of the guide rail can be adjusted by a vertical screw rod, wherein the upper part and the lower part of the vertical screw rod can move horizontally on a horizontal screw rod respectively. The horizontal spindles are supported at their ends in a housing, fixed there and form a transmission connection with one another at one end. The guide rail consists of a shell, which is non-rotatably mounted on a vertical screw rod, and has a fork-shaped bracket on one side, and a universal joint-shaped cage is arranged inside it, and a set of , The nozzle is installed in the sleeve axially movable. In this spray gun the horizontal spindle is surrounded by a bellows to prevent contamination of the spindle.

The disadvantage of this spray gun is that the lower horizontal lead screw is driven by the upper horizontal lead screw through a one-layer sleeve roller chain. Due to the processing error existing in the roller chain and the length change of the roller chain occurring during operation, the lower horizontal lead screw needs to be readjusted in both sides of the box. That is to say, it is often necessary to loosen the fixing of the lower screw rod, readjust, accurately find parallel with the upper screw rod, and then retighten.

Furthermore, it does not appear that during operation the nozzle pipe can be swiveled horizontally and vertically relative to the central position, so that it is not possible to control the cleaning process which takes place automatically. The replacement of the bellows on the horizontal screw, which wears out more quickly, necessitates the removal of the screw from the housing.

In addition, a water spray gun is known, which is installed in the hole of the combustion chamber wall through a special box. This water spray gun is equipped with special nozzles, driven by two horizontal and one vertical screw rods, and by Adjustment is made with a fork bracket with an angle scale and a fine-toothed spline (DE19637700).

The above two commonly used water spray guns have two horizontal and one vertical threaded spindles driven by an asynchronous motor, wherein the vertical threaded spindles are mounted on universal joints for nozzle rails via fork-shaped brackets. The two spray guns can only be controlled by means of an incremental generator via the pulse number according to the data of the reference point of the spray pattern by means of the asynchronous motor. This process contains inaccuracies due to the cycle time of the stored program controller (SPS) and the backlash of the screw nut. The structure of the spray gun is complex and relatively expensive. The fixation and guidance of the nozzle via the fork is not stable. Furthermore, such lances can only be adapted to a limited extent to different boiler designs, especially in narrow spaces. The spray angle is limited to a maximum of 60°. The delivery of the lance is only possible as a one-piece construction.

The construction of spray heads and nozzles is described in DD 205976. DD 235103 indicates the connection of an axially movable nozzle for cleaning the heat carrier in the combustion chamber wall.

All of the listed water spray lances have in common that the cleaning effect of the spray heads is not at all satisfactory in the event of contamination from steam boilers which occurs through openings in the spray heads or in the region of the nozzles.

A water spray gun for cleaning heat carriers is known, wherein the housing of the spray gun and the universal suspension bracket are composed of one part, wherein a T-shaped flat key passes through a flange and a handle in a special way The part is connected to the housing (DE 4239410A1). The structure of this spray gun is complicated. The result is malfunctions during operation due to contamination and undesired escape of residual water after the lance is switched off.

Known in addition a kind of device that is used for cooling spray gun, wherein the spray head of spray gun is formed by two nozzles that mutually form an angle V shape (DD 268759A1). Around the two angled nozzles an extended casing is installed, into which the cool air is blown. The extended cooling air jet results in insufficient cooling of the nozzles. Especially the center of the nozzle does not blow cold air at all. Therefore, the sediment cannot be effectively removed.

Secondly, a steam nozzle is known in which the steam nozzle is cooled by means of air through radial air gaps (DE-PS 202 062). It is not possible to form an effective protective covering around the nozzle with radial air gaps. Furthermore, the nozzle is made rigid and immovable.

The object of the present invention is to develop a water spray lance which can be transported without problems in individual parts, is easy to install and repair, is precisely controlled and has a high repeatability of the spray pattern, without causing an increase in production costs , and prevent contamination of the spray head as much as possible under operating conditions, or achieve continuous cleaning without taking complicated measures, so that there is no reduction of the spray jet due to adhesion at any time, and improve the cooling effect on the nozzle.

According to the invention this is achieved in that the vertically movable, height-adjustable known linear unit is actuated by means of a cross slide on a vertically arranged linear unit, which is individually controlled by a servomotor with a resolver. It is fixed on the boiler wall through an auxiliary frame and two fixed brackets, wherein the universal joints set on the linear unit are made into a closed double frame structure, and the outer frame passes through two ribbed pads in its upper area. A flange is attached to the linear unit, wherein the connecting flange has a hole for a mounting screw. So that an upper and lower rotation point is formed, the bolt is fixed on the inner frame through another spacer, and the inner frame supports the nozzle guide sleeve through a transverse bolt at its center, and the nozzle guide sleeve has a mounting bellows on both sides A connection between the spray head and the front universal joint is provided, which has a fork-shaped extension in the area of the nozzle located in the spray head, and a fitting in the inner area of the front universal joint. The flange is thickened, and in the front region of the spray head there is a distribution ring mounted on it, which has holes, and the distribution ring is preferably connected to the spray head by a screw thread.

The size of the linear unit can be replaced according to the different design of the boiler, and can be installed obliquely according to the position conditions. The bellows fixed on the connecting piece are connected with the spray pipe. The profiles used to fasten the linear units to the furnace wall are preferably made as U-shaped profiles with flanges.

Another particular feature of the invention is the purposeful utilization of the pressure difference between the boiler room and the combustion chamber by means of the holes of the connecting piece arranged circumferentially around the nozzle and its opening into the front universal joint. In this case, this pressure difference is utilized in a particularly advantageous way by means of the expansion of the connecting piece provided with holes, so that the air flow flows around the nozzle in the form of a curtain on the one hand and flows through the cone on the other hand without significantly changing its direction. The enlarged inlet and distributor holes increase its flow velocity. As a result, dirt deposits are completely impossible and possible deposits are effectively removed without additional media. In this sense, due to the homogeneous air flow no unnecessary swirls occur, which reduce the cleaning effect. In addition, the nozzles are significantly less thermally loaded by the high temperatures of the boiler combustion, since they are intensively cooled by the curtain-shaped airflow. The distribution ring has arc-shaped holes.

The vortex is also completely eliminated by the introduction of a downstream water jet in the inlet region of the nozzle guide rail, so that the maximum enhancement and enhancement of the spraying and cleaning effect is achieved by the combined action according to the invention of a directed water jet and a converging air flow. concentrated.

The invention shall be described in more detail below with the aid of an example. Which means:

Figure 1 - Cross section of spray gun including fixture

Figure 2 - Longitudinal section of the spray gun including the fixture

Figure 3 - Top view of spray gun with servo motor

Figure 4 - Cross-section of the rear gimbal with double frame construction

Figure 5 - Nozzle rail with connection for bellows

Figure 6 - Longitudinal section of nozzle head with front universal joint and connection

Figure 7 - Longitudinal section of the connector

Figure 8 - Cross-section of the connector

Figure 9 - Longitudinal section of the downstream device

Figure 10 - Cross-section of the downstream device

The lance structure is connected to the furnace wall 4 through the auxiliary frame 1 by means of the U-shaped profile 2 and the fixing flange 3, and is connected to the furnace wall groove 7 through the fixing bracket 5; 6 (Figs. 1 and 2). Mobility of the spray pipe 8 is provided on the one hand by a vertical and horizontal linear unit 9 ; 10 connected to each other via a cross slide 11 and on the other hand by front and rear joints 12 ; 13 . The front universal joint 12 adopts a spherical shape with a small gap width, and the rear universal joint 13 is made into a closed double frame structure 14 with an outer frame 15 and an inner frame 16 . The outer frame 15 is connected with the vertical linear unit 9 through spacers 17, ribs 18 and flanges 19; 20. The inner frame 16 is connected to the outer frame 15 with a vertical bolt 23 through the hole 21 and the spacer 22 . A nozzle rail 24 ( FIG. 4 ) is secured in the center of the inner frame 16 by a horizontal bolt 25 . The nozzle rail 24 has on both sides a connecting piece 26; 27 for mounting a corrugated pipe 28; Keep the guide rails where the nozzle 8 is continuously slid clean (FIG. 5). Each linear unit 9 ; 10 is driven by a servo motor 30 ; 31 . The servomotors 30; 31 are connected to respective control units 34; 35 via resolvers.

The spray head 36 fastened to the nozzle guide 24 has a nozzle 37 in the region of its head (FIG. 6). The connecting piece 40 is fixed/fitted in the front universal joint 12 by its flange-shaped thickening 39 and is defined by a cylindrical portion 46, a conical extension 38 connected to it and an expanded cylindrical portion 49. Features (Figure 7). In the region of the widened cylindrical section 49 the connection part 40 has a distribution ring 42 with a hole 41 which engages in a forward section 43 of the spray head 36 and is fastened thereto. The flow guide 44 arranged in the inlet area of the nozzle guide sleeve 24 has a guide plate 45 for aligning the flow direction of the water jet (FIGS. 9 and 10).

It works as follows:

The water spray gun (WLB) is used to remove the dirt on the heating surface of the heating equipment. The injected water impingementally cools the encrustations on the hot tube bundles, thereby causing the slag crusts to fall off. In order to clean the heating surface, high-pressure water is drawn in through a spray pipe, and a nozzle not shown is housed on the end of the spray pipe. The nozzle is clamped at its rear in a cross slide system (axis system) which can be opened to any XY coordinate within the mechanical limits. The support water jet in the front area of the nozzle can be defined by the solution according to the invention as a cone/pyramid of less than ±100° relative to the center line of the lance.

The actuation of the axis is carried out by servo drive, which is characterized by its high positioning accuracy compared with other systems. After determining the zero position via an external limit switch - after switching on the supply voltage - all motion commands with respect to acceleration, deceleration, speed and positioning are monitored and control. Deviations from the theoretical position (even after positioning) are automatically corrected. This is referred to as position regulation. Such a system suppresses errors in motion, eg due to mechanical wear. In order to optimize the cleaning of the heating surface, arbitrary movements can be programmed - so-called spray patterns. This spray pattern is stored in the axis control unit. WLB automatically simulates the spray pattern after running the program. The interlocking of the X and Y axes and the valves used to open and close the water jets are directly programmed. Instructions from the higher-level control system are not required during the spraying program. Emit a done signal after the program ends.

In order to achieve continuous cleaning of the spray nozzle 36 and to prevent contamination without taking complicated measures, according to the present invention, the pressure difference between the boiler room and the combustion chamber passes through the hole 41 of the distribution ring 42 under the situation of rapidly increasing its flow velocity. Air 50 is introduced around the nozzle 37 in the form of a curtain. The formation of deposits and encrustations in the form of dust particles from the combustion chamber can thus be completely avoided on the one hand and, on the other hand, any deposits still present can be removed without additional measures and additives. This takes place without unnecessary deflections of the flow direction of the air 50 and without turbulence.

By inserting the flow guide 44 with guide plate 45 in the inlet area of the nozzle guide 24, the water jet is formed in such a way that it is sprayed out as a laminar spray in the nozzle 37, so that in the case of large steam generators with a large diameter Effective cleaning can be carried out in the container.

Reach the following advantages by the present invention: 1. greatly simplify the structure of spray gun, because canceled

·A horizontal screw rod

·Two box profiles

·case. 2. Since the linear unit is used instead of the usual screw spray gun

Easier to match with current location conditions

· Rotatable (tilted) setting

· Detachable for transport

·Easy to install and disassemble

· Can be repaired without problems. 3. By developing the structure of the rear universal joint into a closed double frame structure with a novel structure and improving

The advanced suspension forms a guiding and precise symmetrical system, which is very stable and easy to transport.

move. 4. The stroke achievable thereby is considerably enlarged, so that the angle of movement increases to a maximum of 100°. 5. By adopting a servo motor with a resolver and applying a new control unit, for each

The linear units are separated and formed

·A regulating circuit with high spray pattern repeatability and no error.

·The controllers of different linear units communicate with each other.

·Eliminates the air travel of the spray gun.

• A central mathematical control from the power control stage to the setpoint generator can be established.

· Motion control and speed regulation can be integrated in one device.

· Wiring costs are small. 6. Reference point data, incremental generator, pulse counter and so far asynchronous can be canceled

motor. 7. It is convenient and effective to prevent the nozzle from contamination without preparing additional media and to

In order to achieve the subsequent cooling of the nozzle.

Graphic Label Form 1 Auxiliary Frame 2 U -shaped Materials 3 Fixed Flans 4 Boiler Wall 5 Fixed Striper 6 Fixed Beveraded 7 Furnace Wall Goods 8 Sprinkle 9 Specker Unit 10 High -Light Line 11 Cross Skateri Hou Wanxiang Section 14 Dual Framework structure 15 outer framework 16 Internal Frames 17 Cabers 18 Music 20 French 20 French, 21 Hole 22 Clocks 23 Vertical Bolt 24 Sprinkle Case 25 Horizontal Bolt 26 Connect 28 Connect 28 Pattern Tube Tube 29 -ripple tubes 30 servo motor 31 servo motor 32 rotation transformer 33 rotation transformer 34 control unit 36 control 37 nozzle 38 conical expansion 39 convex edge thickened 40 connector 41 holes 43 front extension part 44 smooth flow 45 Guide Plate 46 Cylindrical Section 49 Extended Cylindrical Section 50 Air

Claims (7)

1. The water spray gun used to clean the heat carrier, especially the heating surface of the combustion chamber in the steam boiler, is fixed in the hole of the combustion chamber wall or the groove of the furnace wall with the outlet of the nozzle through a universal joint. The rear part of the tube is arranged in a guide rail, which is fixed vertically adjustable in height and horizontally movable by another universal joint, which has a guide bush as an internal part, and the nozzle tube can be pivoted is arranged in the guide sleeve to move, wherein the spray pipe has a spray head and a nozzle, Its characteristics are: Controlled separately via a servo motor (30; 31) with a resolver (32; 33), which can be moved horizontally and height-adjusted via a cross slide (11) on a vertically arranged linear unit (9) Start on a well-known linear unit (10), the linear unit (9) is fixed on the boiler wall through an auxiliary frame (1) and two fixed frames (5; 6), wherein the linear unit (9) is set on the The universal joint (13) is made into a closed double frame structure (14), and the outer frame (15) is connected by two flanges (19; 20) through a pad (17) with a rib (18) in its upper region On the linear unit (9), the connecting flange for installing the bolt (23) has a hole (21), so that an upper and lower turning point is formed, and the bolt (23) is fixed on the On the inner frame (16), the inner frame supports the nozzle guide sleeve (24) through a horizontal bolt (25) at its center, and this guide sleeve has a connecting piece for installing the bellows (28; 29) on both sides ( 26; 27). Between the spray head (36) and the front universal joint (12) there is a connecting piece (40) which has a conical extension (38) in the region of the nozzle (37) fitted in the spray head (36), in In the inner region of the front universal joint (12) there is a flange-shaped thickening (39) fitted inside it, and in the front region of the spray head (36) there is a flow distribution device with holes (41) attached to it. Ring (42), it is preferably connected with spray head (36) by a thread. 2. Water spray lance according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear unit (9; 10) is designed to be replaceable depending on the size of the boiler. 3. Water spray lance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the linear unit (9; 10) is arranged obliquely offset from its vertical and horizontal position, adapted to the positional conditions. 4. Water spray lance according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a bellows (28; 29) arranged on the connecting piece (26; 27) is connected to the nozzle pipe (8). 5. Water spray gun according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the profile (2) is U-shaped. 6. Water spray lance according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the distribution ring (42) has holes (41) distributed in the shape of a circular arc. 7. Water spray lance according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a flow guide (44) with a guide plate (45) is provided in the inlet region of the nozzle rail.

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