CN1364941A - New process for increasing iron-smelting amount of blast furnace by desulfurizing molten iron mainly outside the furnace - Google Patents
New process for increasing iron-smelting amount of blast furnace by desulfurizing molten iron mainly outside the furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN1364941A CN1364941A CN 01101591 CN01101591A CN1364941A CN 1364941 A CN1364941 A CN 1364941A CN 01101591 CN01101591 CN 01101591 CN 01101591 A CN01101591 A CN 01101591A CN 1364941 A CN1364941 A CN 1364941A
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Abstract
The present invention is a blast furnace iron-smelting technology of desulfurizing molten iron outside the furnace. By using common lime desulfurizer and utilizing the excellent dynamic conditino of iron tapping, the S content in molten iron is made to decrease by over 90% from 0.1%, and this can reduce greatly the desulfurizing load of both blast furnace and converter and create condition for increasing efficiency of both blast furnace and converter.
Description
The present invention relates to the ironmaking novel process of sulfur removal technology in the blast furnace ironmaking process and even whole slagging regime, burden structure.
Slagging regime requires slag in the iron manufacturing process of high Shanghai: (1) has alap temperature of fusion and melting temperature and less viscosity not increasing under the direct reductive situations of element such as Fe, Mn, Si; (2) to have the ability ([S]≤0.03%) that higher basicity guarantees enough to remove sulphur in the molten iron [S].Sometimes also to add certain MgO, in order to heat endurance and the chemical stability that improves slag, adapt to the fluctuation of furnace temperature and charge composition.Smelting low-grade iron ore, contain SiO in the gangue like this
2Higher, former, fuel contains Al
2O
3When higher, high alkalinity ironmaking certainly will cause slag iron than raising, and sometimes even up to 600～900kg/TP and even more than one ton, so just makes blast furnace ironmaking production efficiency low unavoidably, and the fuel consumption height is low in economic efficiency.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly a kind of ironmaking novel process that proposes at the problems referred to above.In the existing iron-smelting process various secondary desulfurization method is arranged, but all carry out for alleviating next step steel making working procedure desulfurization task.Have is that the desulfurization of only the extra molten iron that occurs occasionally being carried out is handled again.The invention is characterized in less expensive secondary desulfurization method and remove [S] in the molten iron significantly, just do not alleviate steel making working procedure desulfurization task, main is the load that alleviates high cost desulfurization in the blast furnace, reduce slag basicity and reduce slag iron ratio, blast furnace can be freed from high flow rate, poor benefit.
At present the method for external desulfurization of hot metal has: with sweetening agent in trough spreading method with add the plane flow method continuously, vortex motion or machinery or induction stirring or rotating cylinder rotary method etc., or add skimmer desulfurization slag is separated with molten iron, in iron ladle, have and add suspension system behind the sweetening agent, machinery or gas blow mixing method, airlift pump method, also have blowing desulfurization agent method, insert bell jar or fire-resistant insertion rod immersion sweetening agent method, feed a silk method, tank switching method, vacuum method, electrolytic process etc., or its different methods makes up mutually.And sweetening agent is separated with molten iron.Desulfurizer therefor comprises Su Da powder, NaOH, pulverized limestone, Ca (OH)
2, dolomite, lime stone, powdered carbon, graphite, CaC
2, nitrolim, colemanite, fluorite, CaCl, Al
2O
3Desulfurization dephosphorization synthetic slag, propane, magnesium grain, magnesium coke, magnesium alloy etc. and the different mixture that forms thereof, or add in addition some addition agents promotions or buffering desulphurization reaction.Popular effective molten iron desulfurizing method is spray into lime series desulfurizing agent in hot-metal bottle after, metering sprays into magnesium or lime, magnesium mixed sweetening agent again, to improve Mg utilization and comprehensive deep desulfuration efficient, obtained good desulfurized effect (two zero is following).But facility investment is big, and it is less to be not suitable in China most producers iron ladle again, and hot metal temperature drop is big, physical conditions such as prerssure on transport.If it is big to make full use of blast furnace discharge yard, distance flows, and occupy the high good dynamic conditions of this process of tapping a blast furnace of iron ladle that pours, behind skimmer, emit sweetening agent the The Small Well top of molten iron evenly to be sprinkled into continuously with molten iron stream, make sweetening agent with the molten iron trough of flowing through, occupy height again and pour iron ladle, so just make the comprehensive engagement substantially of sweetening agent and molten iron.Its immixture of evidence is not second to jetting in the tank, and invests little instant effect, do not need the flower great amount of investment and builds the desulfurization station, and therefore all in a short time successful implementations of general producer recommend this external desulfurzation method here.It is characterized in that the lime series desulfurizing agent continuous uniform ground throwing of cheapness is spread or sprayed on the molten iron that The Small Well behind the skimming tool is emerged, or one of The Small Well downstream is located or many places or to shunting molten iron place, each hot-metal bottle position behind skimming tool, or before the molten iron stream of each hot-metal bottle is chewed, establish the storage molten iron or do not store molten iron formula skimming tool, or at the storage molten iron of setting up or after not storing molten iron formula skimming tool, throw to molten iron stream continuous uniform again and spread or spray above-mentioned desulfurizing agent, or the mixture of adding magnesium or aluminium or magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy or calcium alloy or manganese alloy or various alloys, or do not establish the storage molten iron or do not store molten iron formula skimming tool, remove slag in the hot-metal bottle to steel mill with Cinder Machine or alternate manner, or when molten iron is poured out hot-metal bottle, establish the mop pushing off the slag, or with other method for removing desulfurization slag is separated with molten iron.About at a place that sets up or many places skimming tool or mop or Cinder Machine desulfurization slag is separated with molten iron, or add with machinery and take off division or add the gas purging method of using, get rid of the quantity of slag more or less or for getting rid of the lip-deep sulphur of molten iron or its compound in the no slag situation, gases used or be nitrogen or for oxygen or for air or be hydrogen or be CO
2Or be CO or for CH
4Or be propane or for coke-stove gas or for blast furnace gas or for inert gas or be other suitable gas or be the mixture of above-mentioned gas, machinery is taken off division or gas purging method or is being received molten iron or filling the hot-metal bottle of molten iron or the molten iron surface of mixed iron blast is carried out.The same with the spray pulverized limestone about method from magnesium coke to hot-metal bottle that add magnesium or magnesium alloy,, now multiplexly spray into method or insert bell jar or fire-resistant insertion rod immersion method, the complex equipment heaviness, operational danger is big.Calculation of thermodynamics and test show that all the vapour pressure of magnesium under the molten iron temperature is quite big, and a large amount of magnesium vapors that sharply produce can be blasted, and Injection In Molten Iron is splashed outside the hot-metal bottle.Therefore because more long utilization rate of magnesium desulfidation time is more high, add magnesium from trough in addition, just have more superiority to desulfurization slag is separated before steel mill enters converter with molten iron.So recommend here liquid magnesium or its alloy are cast into the porous cast iron piece, again its porous mouth is inserted downwards in the trough, will be dissolved in the magnesium vapor generation speed of molten iron at an optimal level with the size in hole and how many controls of putting into casting pig.Make magnesium flow through long trough with molten iron, occupy height and pour hot-metal bottle, long desulphurization reaction in being transported to steel mill's process again, so just can obtain than above-mentioned will good desulfurized effect with magnesium or magnesium alloy immersion hot-metal bottle.For prevent that porous casting magnesium casting pig from floating in trough, polylith can be built, or the porous cast iron piece be made vertical, have certain altitude, stand in the trough.The porous cast iron piece can be got iron on the spot and be made by the special messenger in the stokehold, need not outsourcing, does not also get rid of certainly and uses other porous casting magnesium iron block or iron alloy block.Perhaps liquid magnesium or magnesium alloy are cast in the set porous refractory brick blocks, insert this porous casting magnesium refractory brick blocks aperture in the trough downwards after the cooling, add certain pressure on it, in case in trough, float, or make the vertical porous casting magnesium refractory brick blocks with certain altitude, or add again certain pressure thereon.This porous refractory brick blocks can be used repeatedly.The used magnesium material of magnesium that is cast into or magnesium alloy can use crude magnesium (system magnesium intermediates) to replace, to reduce cost.The simple desulfuration efficiency height of this method can make blast furnace cinder basicity decrease, and is the very favourable condition of liberation converter operation refining clean steel creation.
Except that from smooth operation of furnace, the needs of the desulphurization reaction between the slag iron also are main to existing smelting process to the requirement of viscosity coefficient of dross.AL
2O
3Basicity of slag when content is more (binary) or total alkalinity (ternary) also require slightly higher, and this just certainly will make the quantity of slag increase, and make blast furnace increase depletion and imitate.
The peak viscosity that slag can flow out smoothly from blast furnace is 20-25 pool (P) (2.0-2.5Pa second).In the actual measurement finishing slag flowed out 1350-1550 ℃ of outer temperature range of stove, the slag of the most of compositions shown in the following chart (stroke frame except) can both meet above-mentioned viscosity requirement.Accompanying drawing 1 is slag corresponding viscograph under different temperatures of 1 group of interior each slag different component in the table; Accompanying drawing 2 is slag corresponding viscographs under different temperatures of 2 groups of interior each slag different components in the table; Accompanying drawing 3 is slag corresponding viscographs under different temperatures of 3 groups of interior each slag different components in the table; Accompanying drawing 4 is slag corresponding viscographs under different temperatures of 4 groups of interior each slag different components in the table; Accompanying drawing 5 is slag corresponding viscographs under different temperatures of 5 groups of interior each slag different components in the table; Accompanying drawing 6 is slag corresponding viscographs under different temperatures of 6 groups of interior each slag different components in the table; Accompanying drawing 7 is slag corresponding viscographs under different temperatures of 7 groups of interior each slag different components in the table.Some low MgO synthetic slag suitably increases a part of MgO again, still can further improve its heat endurance and chemical stability.Blast furnace slag from basicity and total alkalinity MV minium viscosity district all between 0.8-1.2 (dual alkalinity) and 1.2-1.4 (total alkalinity).Basicity is in the scope of 0.9-1.2, and increasing its stability of suitable MgO (5-15%) can be quite a lot of.Yet basicity can be better less than 0.9 stability.Just can not consider its desulphurizing ability fully in this case, because there is the external desulfurzation of above-mentioned cheapness to guarantee.Only slag compositing range is the first crystalline region of melilith, magnesium rose stone, monticellite at the quaternary slag system.In ternary is the first crystalline region of wollastonite, rankinite and gehetinite.Certainly concrete suitable basicity is still needed according to former, the fuel situation of each department, further determines through the production practices of laboratory test and blast furnace.
Method with above-mentioned cheap desulfurizing agent external desulfurzation can make blast furnace cinder basicity reduce at least more than 0.1 as calculated, and furnace processor will improve 2.5-3.5%, and comprehensive coke ratio reduces more than the 2.5-3.5%.
Lower such as the present used iron ore grade of AISC Ironmaking Plant, SiO in the iron ore gangue
2Content shows general slag basicity 1.11 up to (only being 1-4% in the rich ore) more than the 7-10%.Resemble 3 like this
#Blast furnace slag iron is than up to (abroad be 300kg/Tp about) about 600kg/TP.Iron ore, flux, fuel are brought AL into
2O
3Account for 8.5% for about 50kg/TP, stable is about 45kg/TP with MgO content 7.2%.Make dual alkalinity CaO%/SiO if reduce CaO
2% is 1.0, and (S) only is elevated to 0.025% from 0.019%, is one-level sulphur molten iron still≤0.03%, adds also the have substantial degradation potentiality of slag basicity of secondary desulfurization.That is to say that the blast furnace ironmaking slagging regime can not consider the desulfurization by slag problem fully, desulfurization is placed on outside the stove, and the reduction amplitude of slag basicity will far surpass 0.1, increase yield reducation consumption also far away from more than 2.5～3.5%.When the time comes, the problem of slag etch furnace lining has not just existed, and alkali-metal function is also bigger in the slag discharge stove, and prepurging has not needed yet, and adds not consider desulfuration in furnace, only needs the low temperature even running, and blast furnace will obtain once big liberation.
For reducing slag basicity, the burden structure that the Anshan iron and steel plant blast furnace can adopt: one, two row's blast furnaces (7
#Except the blast furnace) can consider with acid, the two ball sintering deposits of alkali, or high and low basicity pellet agglomerate, slag composition only needs according to the slag viscosity adjustment.All the other stoves can reduce the high basicity sinter consumption, if the acid pellet deficiency can suitably be replenished natural lump ore (Ru Aokuang) or acid small-ball sintering mine, in order to keep lower blast furnace cinder basicity.The present stage Anshan iron and steel plant blast furnace operation of tentatively basicity can being reduced to over use 1.05 or lower, and carry out the stove separation of flow outward of cheapness, in order to improve as early as possible blast furnace production economy benefit.Other producer's acid burden material can consider to adopt cold bound pellet or carbonaceous pelletizing etc.
In a word, resembling Anshan iron and steel plant smelts gangue like this and contains SiO
2Than the blast furnace of higher low-grade iron ore, the economic benefit of above-mentioned novel process is conspicuous.
In order to avoid using low intensive self-fluxed sinter when reducing slag basicity, recommend a kind of novel sintered ore deposit here in addition, namely the high-basicity sintering deposit burns the acid small-ball sintering mine of folder.Also namely in high basicity sinter folder burn acid bead, with the basicity of how much regulating of wherein high basicity sinter and acid bead consumption, in order to obtain suitably low blast furnace finishing slag basicity.
Owing to do not consider the sweetening power of slag, carry out secondary desulfurization, just have only a restriction in the slagging regime, suitably low viscosity promptly to be arranged, melting temperature.This just formulates slagging regime for the blast furnace process of various furnace charges and has created and favourable condition.Eliminate slag, close the fluorine rare earth slag, smelt such as baric blast furnace slag, height under many situations such as the high magnesioferrite of high alumina and haveed no alternative but adopt low Basicity Operation.Its desulphurizing ability is lower, and as adopting external desulfurzation, chamber test and production practices are bound to further make more suitable favourable slagging regime by experiment.
Annotate: various composition synthetic slags pairing viscograph under differing temps is seen accompanying drawing 1-7 in the 1-7 group.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of blast furnace ironmaking novel process, blast furnace ironmaking carries out smoothly for guaranteeing to smelt now, produce qualified molten iron, usually require slag that lower temperature of fusion and melting temperature and viscosity are arranged, and require to have certain high basicity, to guarantee to have enough abilities that removes sulphur in the molten iron, adopt various burden structures, generally do not carry out secondary desulfurization, or there is secondary desulfurization to carry out to indivedual off-irons or for alleviating next step steel making working procedure desulfurization task, the method of used external desulfurization of hot metal comprises: with sweetening agent in trough spreading method with add continuously the plane flow method, vortex motion or machinery or induction stirring or rotating cylinder rotary method etc., or add skimmer desulfurization slag is separated with molten iron, in iron ladle, have and add suspension system behind the sweetening agent, machinery or gas blow mixing method, the airlift pump method, also has blowing desulfurization agent method, insert bell jar or fire-resistant insertion rod and immerse the sweetening agent method, feed the silk method, the tank switching method, vacuum method, electrolytic process etc., or its different methods makes up mutually, and desulfurization slag is separated with molten iron.Desulfurizer therefor comprises Su Da, NaOH, lime, dolomite, Ca (OH)
2, lime stone, charcoal, graphite, CaC
2, nitrolim, colemanite, fluorite, CaCl, AL
2O
3Desulfurization dephosphorization synthetic slag, propane, magnesium or aluminium or various alloys etc. or its different mixtures that form, the invention is characterized in and utilize less expensive desulfurizing agent outside stove, to process molten iron, remove significantly Sulfur Content in Hot Iron, thereby effectively alleviate the desulfurization load of high cost in the blast furnace, the decrease slag basicity, reduce slag iron ratio, and can further improve, optimize burden structure and make blast furnace subtract consumption synergy.
2, according to claim 1, the invention is characterized in the lime of cheapness series desulfurizing agent evenly thrown continuously and be sprinkling upon on the molten iron that The Small Well is emerged behind the skimming tool, or in a place or the many places in its downstream, or be diverted to shunting place of each hot-metal bottle at molten iron, or before chewing, the molten iron stream of each hot-metal bottle establishes skimming tool, desulfurization slag is separated with molten iron, or add with other slag skimming method slagging-off, or behind a place that sets up or many places skimming tool or mop or Cinder Machine, spread again desulfurizing agent or add magnesium or the mixture of aluminium or magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy or calcium alloy or manganese alloy or various alloys, or do not establish skimming tool and get rid of slag in the hot-metal bottle to steel mill with various Cinder Machines or other slag skimming method, or when molten iron is poured out hot-metal bottle, establish the mop pushing off the slag or with other method for removing desulfurization slag is separated with molten iron.
3, according to claim 1.2, the invention is characterized at a place that sets up or many places skimming tool or mop or Cinder Machine make desulfurization slag separate with molten iron, or add with machinery and take off division, or add the gas purging method of using, get rid of the quantity of slag more or less or be the eliminating lip-deep sulphur of molten iron or its compound in the no slag situation.Gases used or be nitrogen or for oxygen or for air or for hydrogen or for CO
2Or be CO or for CH
4Or be propane or for coke-stove gas or for blast furnace gas or for inert gas or be other suitable gas or be the mixture of above-mentioned gas, gas purging method or mechanically take off division or receiving molten iron or filling the hot-metal bottle of molten iron or the molten iron surface of mixed iron blast is carried out.
4, according to claim 1.2, the invention is characterized in that the method that adds magnesium or magnesium alloy in the trough before molten iron enters iron ladle is that liquid magnesium or magnesium alloy are cast in the good porous cast iron piece of prior casting, insert this porous casting magnesium ingot pig aperture in the trough downwards after the cooling, or polylith is built, or be the vertical porous casting magnesium ingot pig of certain altitude, or be other porous casting magnesium iron block or iron alloy block, or with crude magnesium replace cast magnesium or magnesium alloy.
5, according to claim 1.2, the invention is characterized in that the method that adds magnesium or magnesium alloy in the trough before molten iron enters iron ladle is that liquid magnesium or magnesium alloy are cast in the set porous refractory brick blocks, insert this porous casting magnesium refractory brick blocks aperture in the trough downwards after the cooling, or add certain pressure thereon, or the vertical porous of making certain altitude is cast the magnesium refractory brick blocks, or add certain pressure again, or with crude magnesium replace cast magnesium or magnesium alloy.
6, according to claim 1.2, the invention is characterized in the more a spot of high basicity sinter of blast furnace burden structure, be equipped with a large amount of acidic pellet ores or acid small-ball sintering mine or natural lump ore, or cold bound pellet or carbonaceous pelletizing, or without high basicity sinter, and with acid, the two ball agglomerate of alkali or high and low basicity pellet agglomerate, in order to adjust blast-furnace slag basicity, the amplitude that makes it to reduce than normal basicity of slag is more than 0.01.
7, according to claim 1.2, the invention is characterized in that the blast furnace burden structure is used in the high basicity sinter folder and burns acid bead and burn acid small-ball sintering mine with the high-basicity folder that obtains suitable finishing slag basicity, or make amplitude that blast furnace slag basicity reduces than normal basicity of slag more than 0.01.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102586547A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Production method of low-cost clean steel |
| CN107955855A (en) * | 2016-10-16 | 2018-04-24 | 铁东区强东冶金技术咨询服务中心 | The method of no slag gasification removing Sulfur Content in Hot Iron phosphorus silicon |
-
2001
- 2001-01-09 CN CN 01101591 patent/CN1364941A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102586547A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Production method of low-cost clean steel |
| CN102586547B (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-11-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Production method of low-cost clean steel |
| CN107955855A (en) * | 2016-10-16 | 2018-04-24 | 铁东区强东冶金技术咨询服务中心 | The method of no slag gasification removing Sulfur Content in Hot Iron phosphorus silicon |
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