CN1361845A - Multipurpose Structural Members - Google Patents

Abstract

A structural member for use in the manufacture of a skeleton frame of a structure, having five substantially flat surfaces corresponding to the five surfaces of an elongated rectangular prism, namely a front face, two side faces and two end faces, the member comprising two elongated rolled angle steel elements (10), and a plurality of intermittent spacers (13, 14) extending between the angle steel elements, and an end element (16). Each flange of the angle steel element (10) is punched with a plurality of equally spaced fastener clearance holes (15), and the end element (16) is punched with two fastener clearance holes.

Description

Multipurpose Structural Members

Technical field

The present invention relates to prefabricated structural elements suitable for assembly to form a variety of demountable buildings and other structures.

Background technique

Various kits of toy construction components are known in which a plurality of identical components are provided adapted to fit together in a variety of ways to form models of a variety of different objects and structures. Usually the individual components are held together by interengaging shaping which provides some frictional restraint at disengagement. Special connectors suitable for the same engagement of two or more base members may also be provided, in some cases the structural integrity of the completed model depends on the simultaneous engagement of more than two members with each other.

The present invention does not relate to the assembly of model structures, but to the assembly of full scale, load bearing, skeletal frames of buildings and engineering structures in general.

Thus, probably the most relevant prior art is the well known demountable scaffolding for temporary auxiliary structures on building sites. Such scaffolding comprises a number of base tubular elements, and a number of different connecting elements for fastening the base tubular elements together. Typical connecting elements include clamps and pins that extend through clearance holes in the base element and are temporarily secured by cross cotter pins and U-shaped solid cleats on the base element. The cotter pin and strong cleat fit in line for mounting wedges and other quick release-fastening devices. The connecting elements and the matching of the base elements of such scaffolds with their associated connecting elements often show a remarkable novelty, which provides for the rapid erection and dismantling of scaffolding without the need for tools or other utensils, only the most basic tools are required , such as a hammer.

Contents of Invention

The focus of the scaffolding known in the prior art is the rapid installation and disassembly of individual lightweight elements which can be positioned manually. In this way, the strength of the finished scaffold is ensured through the use of a large number of closely spaced elements. This makes conventional scaffolding members unsuitable for use in knockdown structures that essentially replicate the load bearing and skeletal structure of a completed building or the like.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-purpose demountable and reusable structural element that can be used in temporary building structures or other structures on habitable construction sites, or in permanent structures on such sites Generally used by construction workers or others during construction.

Typically, the elements of the invention can be used as columns and/or beams in demountable structures such as: protective walkways adjacent to construction sites; site offices which can be integral with such walkways; multi-storey buildings under construction Multi-storey high-rise building towers that provide access and service facilities on different floors; garages; storage sheds; work sheds; and similar temporary construction aids required on the site of civil engineering structures.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention includes a manufactured structural member having five substantially flat surfaces corresponding to the five surfaces of an elongated rectangular prism, i.e. a long side comprising two longitudinally extending edges, two Long edge faces and end faces.

wherein each of said side punches has a plurality of fastener clearance holes (fastener clearance holes) arranged in two straight rows, each row extending longitudinally along a corresponding one of said edges, wherein each row of holes on said side has a A constant center-to-center spacing, wherein the distance from the center of each end hole of each column of holes on said side to each adjacent end face of the member is substantially half of said spacing, wherein from said side The distance from the centerline of each row of holes on the member to each adjacent edge face of the member is substantially half the spacing, and wherein the centerlines of the two rows of holes on the side are separated by a distance which is substantially above is equal to an integer multiple of the distance.

wherein each of said edge faces is perforated with a plurality of fastener clearance holes arranged in a row extending longitudinally along said each edge face, wherein between said row of holes on each of said edge faces The center-to-center distance of said spacing, wherein the distance from the center of each end hole of a row of holes on each edge face to each adjacent end face of the member is substantially half of said spacing , and wherein the distance from the centerline of the row of holes on each edge face to the side of the member is substantially half of said spacing. as well as

wherein each end face is punched with at least two fastener clearance holes, wherein the distance from each center of said at least two holes on each end face to said side is substantially half of said spacing, And wherein the distance from each center of said at least two holes on each end face to the respective adjacent edge face is substantially half of said spacing.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, it includes a manufactured structural member having six substantially flat surfaces corresponding to the sides of an elongated rectangular prism, comprising two members, each of said members according to the present invention The first aspect of the invention is joined together by a plurality of intermittent, isolated spacer means, whereby the respective edge faces of the two members according to the first aspect of the invention are isolated and coplanar, and wherein the spacer means The arrangement is such that the distance between the centerlines of the rows of holes on each pair of corresponding edge faces is an integer multiple of the pitch.

It is worth noting that, in the above description of the structural member according to the second aspect of the present invention, the integers involved may have the same or different values from the integers involved in the description of the structural member according to the first aspect of the present invention. value.

In a preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the member is made of two elements of angular section, each element comprising two flanges intersecting at substantially 90 degrees, the elements being for example multi-rolled structures Sections of angle steel, the elements being separated and rigidly held together by intermittent and isolated partitions extending between and welded to the coplanar flanges of the two elements. Thus, two parallel, spaced, coplanar flanges of the two elements form the edges of said sides, and the other flanges of the two elements respectively constitute said edge faces. Of course, this isolated corner structure can be implemented in preferred embodiments of the second aspect. An important feature of the preferred embodiment described above is that it enables hand access to the inside of a member according to the second aspect of the invention when putting together a structure made from a member according to the invention, and enables hand access to One side of the member of the first aspect of the invention. This access is convenient when assembling components using removable fasteners in the form of bolts and nuts, allowing an appropriate wrench to simultaneously engage each bolt head and the nut threaded on the bolt.

The two embodiments of the invention described above are described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the end of a structural member according to a first aspect of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the member shown in Fig. 1, which is reduced in size;

Figure 3 is a plan view and an inverted plan view of the member shown in Figure 2, wherein the member is of the same shape when viewed from above and below;

Figure 4 is an end view of the member shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken from line 5-5 of Fig. 2, and the size of the view is enlarged;

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 1 of a component according to a second aspect of the invention;

Figure 7 is a front view and a rear view of the component shown in Figure 6, wherein the component is of the same shape when viewed from the front and rear, the views being reduced in size;

Figure 8 is an end view of the member shown in Figure 7;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9 of FIG. 7 .

Detailed ways

The multipurpose structural member shown in Figures 1 to 5 comprises two identically elongated elements 10 of angular section, each element 10 comprising side flanges 11 and side flanges 12, (see Figure 5), and a plurality of discontinuous Separate and isolated partitions 13 and 14 extend between the coplanar flanges 11 of the two corner section elements and are welded thereto. Thus, the two angular section elements 10 are rigidly fixed together in a parallel spaced configuration, the two coplanar flanges 11 together constituting the longitudinally extending edges of the sides of the structural member, (for this reason the flanges 11 are here indicated as side flange), likewise, each side flange 12 constitutes the edge face of the component, (for this reason, the side flange 12 is indicated here as a side flange).

The two corner-section elements 10 are further fixed and reinforced by end bulkheads 16 which form the end faces of the now described elements.

Each side flange 11 and each side flange 12 is perforated with an array of fastener clearance holes 15 extending longitudinally along the respective flange. In accordance with the present invention, as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 5, each row of holes 15 is separated by a common, center-to-center spacing "p" from the center of each row of end holes to their respective adjacent members. The distance from the end is "p/2", from the centerline of each row of holes on each side flange 12, to the distance "p/2" from the centerline of each row of holes on the side flange 11, to the side of the member. The distance between their respective adjacent edges is also "p/2", and the partitions 13, 14 and 16 are arranged such that the distance between the centerlines of the two columns of holes on the side flange 11 is "np", where "n " is an integer and plural. In the illustrated embodiment, "n" is 2, but in other embodiments, "n" may be 1 or a complex integer greater than 2.

In addition, each end bulkhead 16 is punched with two fastener clearance holes 15, as seen in FIG. /2".

In other embodiments of the invention, the end baffles may be perforated with one or more additional holes arranged in a row, the two holes shown forming the end holes of the row. In this case, all the holes of the column are equally spaced so as to have a center-to-center spacing "p".

Furthermore, some or all of the bulkheads 14 may be replaced by bulkheads of angular or T-section, wherein one angular flange or T-head corresponds to the bulkhead 14 and the other angular or T-bar wing is provided. The rim is suitably spaced from the immediately adjacent hole 15.

It will be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the structural member described in Figures 1 to 5 shows great versatility as an element of many and different, complex detachable structures. Two such members can be bolted together end-to-end or face-to-face, with varying degrees of overlap, simply by properly aligning selected fastener holes for bolts or other fasteners. , or bolted together with T-shaped or cross-shaped joints in many positions.

The structural components shown in Figures 6 to 9 can be described as double components, which include two single components, each single component shown in Figures 1 to 5 does not need to be further described, and each single component corresponds to the side flange 12, Secured in a parallel spaced configuration by spacer 17 , aligned with single-member spacer 14 and spacer 18 with single-member spacer 13 . In addition, the two single-member end bulkheads 16 are preferably integrated into the edges of the two-member end bulkhead 20 .

Also, inner cross struts 19 may be provided to align one or more of the pairs of bulkheads 17 to further stiffen the dual member.

The bulkheads 17 and 18 and the end bulkhead 20 are arranged such that the centerlines of the columns of holes corresponding to the flanges 12 of a single member are spaced from each other by an integer multiple of the pitch "p", which may be the The same or different integer multiples of the distance between the rows of holes on the side flange 11.

Claims (8)

1. the structural element of a manufacturing, it has five flat substantially surfaces corresponding to five surfaces of long rectangular prism, i.e. long side surface that comprises two longitudinal extension edges, two long edge surfaces and two end faces;

Wherein, described each side punching has a plurality of securing member mesopores that are positioned to two arrays, every row are along a longitudinal extension at corresponding described edge, every row hole on the wherein said side has the spacing of a constant center heart, the center of each stomidium the every row hole from described side wherein, arrive the distance of each adjacent face of member, come down to half of described spacing, the center line in the every row hole from the described side wherein, arrive the distance of each neighboring edge face of member, come down to half of described spacing, and the center line in row hole, two on the wherein said side, isolated by a distance, this distance equals the integral multiple of described spacing in fact;

Wherein, each described edge surface punching has a plurality of securing member mesopores, this hole is positioned to the array along described each edge surface longitudinal extension, the distance of the center heart between the row of one on wherein said each edge surface hole, equal described spacing, the center of each stomidium of row the hole from described each edge surface wherein, arrive the distance of each adjacent face of member, come down to half of described spacing, and the center line in the row hole from described each edge surface wherein, to the distance of member side, come down to half of described spacing; With

Wherein, each end face punching has at least two securing member mesopores, each center in described at least two holes from each end face wherein, distance to described side, come down to half of described spacing, and wherein each center in described at least two holes from each end face to the distance of each neighboring edge face, comes down to half of described spacing.

2. according to the structural element of claim 1, comprising identical microscler angular cross section element, each comprises a side wing edge and the edge of a wing, one side; Two end plates, each extends from an angular cross section element end to the respective end of another angular cross section element; And a plurality of interruptions and dividing plate that isolate, dividing plate is welded on the coplane side wing edge of two angular cross section elements, and between side wing edge, extend, therefore, two angular cross section elements are the configuration of parallel isolation and are rigidly fixed to together, the edge of the described side of each side wing edge member of formation wherein, the wherein edge surface of each edge of a wing, limit member of formation, and the end face of wherein said end plate member of formation.

3. according to the structural element of claim 2, wherein each dividing plate is a plate.

4. according to the structural element of claim 2, wherein at least one described dividing plate is a T section.

5. according to the structural element of claim 2, wherein at least one described dividing plate is the angle section.

6. the structural element of a manufacturing, this member has corresponding to six of the side of long rectangular prism flat substantially surfaces, this member comprises two solid memders, according to any each the described member in aforementioned claims, by baffle plate device a plurality of interruptions, that isolate in conjunction with as two members, thereby the respective edges face of two solid memders be isolate with coplane, and wherein baffle plate device is settled like this, and making the distance between the center line in every pair of multiple row hole on the respective edges face is the integral multiple of described spacing.

7. according to the structural element of claim 6, wherein said baffle plate device also comprises cross pillar at least one.

8. according to the structural element of claim 6, wherein be positioned at the end face of solid memder of the respective end of solid memder, compile the single end face of each end of accouplement.

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