A kind of sprayed sea water column formula fume desulphurization method and device thereof
The present invention relates to the sea water desulfuration technical field, relate in particular to the method and the device thereof of sprayed sea water column formula flue gas desulfurization.
The pollution of sulfur dioxide is the focus of world many countries environmental protection always, and the flue gas desulfurization technique that various countries successively develop has reached kind more than 200.But, can be applied to the industrial kind more than ten of but having only.Up to the present, in the Industrial Boiler and station boiler of fire coal, adopt wet process of FGD more than 90%, wherein sea water desulfuration need not any additives with it, does not also produce any discarded object, and invests the low characteristics of operating cost and extremely people's concern.In existing flue gas desulfurization with seawater technology, its desulfuration efficiency is about 90%, satisfies the desulfurization requirement under the general situation substantially.But, along with environmental protection standard is strict further, actual application toward contact require that higher desulfuration efficiency is arranged, more circlet border harm and more can adapt to the ability that load constantly changes.Chinese patent, application number: disclosed technical scheme is to use liquid column tower as the gas-liquid reflecting device in 00123472.2.Its shortcoming is that it never is very perfect separating in the pollution problem of control sulfur dioxide desorption and heavy metal.Chinese patent, publication number: disclosed technical scheme is removing of heavy metal to be placed on one independently carry out in the scrubbing tower among the 1147415A.Its shortcoming is, heavy metal removing efficient is low in the system, does not do further subsequent treatment after the heavy metal oxidation, does not fundamentally solve the secondary pollution problem of heavy metal to the marine site, and operating cost and maintenance cost are higher.
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of sprayed sea water column formula fume desulphurization method and device thereof.The simple desulfuration efficiency height of this method technology, the secondary pollution that can comprehensively avoid heavy metal etc. that the marine site is caused.Use the device of this method reasonable in design, simple in structure, operating cost is low.
In order to reach above-mentioned goal of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention realizes as follows:
A kind of sprayed sea water column formula fume desulphurization method, it comprises uses in gas fume conveying system, heavy metal removing system, sea water column desulphurization system, demister system, sea water supply system and the aeration and oxidative system.The steps include:
The flue gas of 1, discharging from industrial combustion equipment is through dedusting, by the absorption of heavy metal removing system and remove heavy metal composition in the flue gas;
2, the flue gas of removing the heavy metal composition set gas fume valve and gas-gas heat exchanger in gas fume conveying system enters the sea water column desulphurization system of being supported by the sea water supply system, sulfur dioxide in flue gas is removed, sulfur dioxide is existed with free molecule attitude and sulfurous radical ion form in liquid phase;
3, the flue gas after the desulfurization is removed moisture content and thin ash through demister system, and set air-introduced machine is discharged flue gas by chimney in gas fume conveying system again;
4, the slurries behind the desulphurization reaction are delivered in the aeration and oxidative system with the dust fine grained that removes, and the slurries after up to standard are discharged by pipeline.
According to the method step described in the technique scheme, the heavy metal composite absorption section that affiliated heavy metal removing system is made up of active carbon and zeolite molecular sieve.
Realize the device of sprayed sea water column formula fume desulphurization method, it comprises deduster, air-introduced machine, chimney, three supply-water pumps, desulfurizing tower, seawater pond and aeration tanks.Its design feature is that the top of described desulfurizing tower is connected flue respectively with the middle part of its outer wall.Be respectively equipped with gas-gas heat exchanger in above-mentioned two flues.Top in the desulfurizing tower is provided with demister, and its middle and lower part is provided with the jet pipe that can spray fluid column, and its bottom is provided with the Ta Dichi that can connect the liquid water filling, and tower Di Chi bottom is provided with pipeline and inserts in the pond of exposing to the sun.Exposing to the sun is provided with air blast by the oxidation fan air feed in the pond, and the bottom in the pond of exposing to the sun is provided with drainage pipeline.The inlet of described three supply-water pumps inserts in the seawater pond, and the outlet of supply-water pump one is supplied water to demister by pipeline; The jet pipe of the outlet of supply-water pump two in desulfurizing tower supplies water.The outlet of supply-water pump three is supplied water in the aeration tank.Carry the pipeline of seawater to insert in the seawater pond.The flue gas mouth of the inlet of described deduster and industrial burner joins, and is provided with the compound adsorption section of heavy metal in the flue of its outlet and can controls the Flue valve that flue gas enters desulfurizing tower top and middle part flue respectively.Air-introduced machine suction inlet and desulfurizing tower top flue join, and the air-introduced machine outlet inserts chimney.
The present invention behind the flue gas ash removal of discharging in the combustion apparatus, at first passes through the compound adsorption section of active carbon and zeolite molecular sieve owing to adopted above-mentioned method step and the device supporting with it, and wherein the active carbon part has the adsorbing and removing effect to the mercuryvapour in the flue gas; Zeolite molecular sieve has efficient adsorbing and removing effect equally to heavy metals such as lead, nickel, chromium, thereby efficiently adsorbs and remove heavy metal composition in the flue gas, avoids it to enter down-stream, causes seawater pollution.
The present invention compared with prior art generating technique effect comprises: (1) adopts the liquid column-spraying seawater, helps the abundant mixing of gas-liquid, has greatly strengthened the mass transfer absorption of seawater to sulfur dioxide, thereby has obtained very high desulfuration efficiency (>95%); (2) adopt in the aeration tank and oxidation integrated structure, reduce occupation area of equipment, and the whole system complexity is lower than existing similar devices; (3) by the tower body draining and in and the injection ratio of seawater, can control the required pH value of sulfite ion optimum oxidation reaction, help the complete oxidation of sulfite ion, prevent the generation of secondary pollution; (4) the fresh water demand of whole system seldom only partly needs a spot of flushing water at heat exchanger, does not have the problem of sewage disposal basically.(5) under the normal operation of this device, the heavy metal contaminants in the flue gas removes in advance at active carbon and the compound adsorption section of zeolite molecular sieve, does not need extra any additives can reach environmental protection standard.Have technology and install simple and reliable, reasonable in design, the desulfuration efficiency height, the investment and the low characteristics of operating cost.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the step of the inventive method and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the inventive method step and apparatus structure connection layout;
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention desulfurizing tower structural representation.
The concrete steps of the inventive method are: the flue gas that discharge from combustion apparatus (1) is through dedusting, pass through the compound adsorption section of active carbon and zeolite molecular sieve then, efficiently adsorb and remove heavy metal composition in the flue gas, avoid it to enter down-stream, cause the seawater secondary pollution; (2) flue gas of removal heavy metal composition, radially enter desulfurizing tower through gas fume valve and gas-gas heat exchanger from the desulfurizing tower middle part, pass the sprayed sea water column district in the process that the cigarette device is risen in tower, sulfur dioxide in flue gas is absorbed by the seawater dissolving, thereby sulfur dioxide is efficiently removed, and sulfur dioxide exists with free molecule attitude and sulfite ion form in liquid phase; (3) seawater is upwards sprayed by the jet pipe that is contained in the middle and lower part, in tower, form from bottom to top fluid column with the flue gas following current, scatter at the top then, form from top to bottom liquid film with flue gas adverse current, spray in the process of being scattered at this, form the high-efficiency desulfurization reflection district of the mixing of gas-liquid height, mass transfer, heat transfer, regulate the liquid-gas ratio in the tower simultaneously, make it to be in best desulphurization reaction state, help the deep removal of sulfur dioxide like this and reduce system power dissipation; (4) in the process that flue gas rises in desulfurizing tower, fully mix with seawater, but flush away parts of fine particle dust, and the flue gas after the desulfurization passes the demister on desulfurizing tower top, can remove moisture and thin ash in the flue gas simultaneously, further improves the efficiency of dust collection of this system.(5) slurries after the desulfurization reflection flow downward along tower body with the dust fine grained that removes and enter tower bottom, and by row of conduits to the aeration tank, the pH value is 2--3 at this moment; (6) in the aeration tank, it and 5--10 sea water mixing are doubly neutralized, thereby sulfur in the liquid phase is converted into the form of sulfite ion, prevent the formed secondary pollution of parsing of sulfur dioxide, after this, seawater pH value rises to 5--6, and this pH value can adjust by the processing of neutralization stage, make it to reach the required pH value of optimum oxidation reaction, its pH value excursion is near 5.5; (7) oxidation under the airborne oxygen effect that oxidation fan is sent here of the sulfite ion in the zoneofoxidation forms sulfate ion, carbanion in the solution then is converted into carbon dioxide and discharges, after treatment, seawater pH value rises to more than 6.5, can discharge by pipeline.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, realize the device of the inventive method, it comprises deduster 2, air-introduced machine 5, chimney 6, supply-water pump 789, desulfurizing tower 17, seawater pond 11 and aeration tank 15, the top of described desulfurizing tower 17 is connected flue 19 and 18 respectively with the middle part of its outer wall.Be respectively equipped with gas-gas heat exchanger 4 in flue 19 and the flue 18.Top in the desulfurizing tower 17 is provided with demister 21, and its middle and lower part is provided with the jet pipe 24 that can spray fluid column 23, and its bottom is provided with pond 25 at the bottom of the tower that can connect fluid column water.25 bottoms, pond are provided with pipeline 16 and insert in the pond 15 of exposing to the sun at the bottom of the tower.Expose to the sun and be provided with air blast 14 in the pond 15 by oxidation fan 12 air feed.The expose to the sun bottom in pond 15 is provided with drainage pipeline 13.Described supply-water pump 7,8 and 9 inlet insert in the seawater pond 11.The outlet of supply-water pump 7 is supplied water to demister 21 by pipeline 22.The jet pipe 24 of the outlet of supply-water pump 8 in desulfurizing tower 17 supplies water.The outlet of supply-water pump 9 is supplied water in aeration tank 15.Carry the pipeline 10 of seawater to insert in the seawater pond 11.The flue gas mouth of the inlet of deduster 2 and industrial burner 1 joins, and is provided with the compound adsorption section 20 of heavy metal in the flue of its outlet and can controls the Flue valve 3 that flue gas enters flue 18 and flue gas output flue 19 respectively.Air-introduced machine 5 suction inlets and flue 19 join, and air-introduced machine 5 outlets insert chimney 6.
When this device uses, flue gas process deduster 2 and the compound adsorption section 20 of heavy metal from industrial burner 1 comes out through the control of Flue valve 3, arrive gas-gas heat exchanger 4, enter fluid column desulfurizing tower 17 by flue 18, in the process that moves upward, produce slurries and fully react with fluid column 23 jetted layers; Flue gas behind the desulphurization reaction enters demister 21 demist depositing dusts again and handles, and enters gas-gas heat exchanger 4 from exhaust pass 19, passes through the control of Flue valve 3, is taken out by air-introduced machine 5 and draws, and is discharged into chimney 6.The condensate water of coming from the seawater condensing gas enters the pipeline 10 input seawater ponds 11, supply-water pump 7 gives demister 21 for flushing water by pipeline 22, supply-water pump 8 sprays water for desulfurizing tower 17 feed flow posts by jet pipe 24 and forms fluid column 23, and supply-water pump 9 supplies water for the neutral zone of aeration tank 15.The seawater that has absorbed sulfur dioxide in the desulfurizing tower 17 by tower at the bottom of pond 25 discharge tower bodies by pipeline 16, enter aeration tank 15 and handle, 12 of oxidation fans are responsible for giving the air blast 14 in the zoneofoxidation of aeration tank 15 to supply air.Seawater with oxidation processes in the process drains into the sea by pipeline 13.