CN1354986A - Method and apparatus for squeezing and puffing rice bran - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for extrusion and puffing of rice bran, which is characterized in that: before the raw material of rice bran enters the feed port of a closed puffing cylinder, the rice bran should be cleaned, the rice bran should be separated, and the water and temperature should be adjusted by preheating the pot Process: In the process of screw extrusion and heating into the closed puffing cylinder, steam is also injected into the cylinder; the puffed rice bran is then dried, cooled and leached. Using this equipment to process rice bran has large output, energy saving and long service life of components.

Description

A kind of squeezing and puffing rice bran method and apparatus

The present invention relates to rice bran processing method and equipment, relate in particular to extrusion method processing rice bran and the equipment thereof of adopting.

Rice bran is the accessory substance of husk rice processing, and Main Ingredients and Appearance is chaff skin and rice plumule.Owing to contain active lipolytic enzyme in the rice bran, can make the contained oil content of rice bran resolve into free fatty rapidly and become sour rottenly, influence the use value of the made grease of rice bran and the chaff dregs of rice.Therefore, effectively utilizing the key of rice bran oil resource is to solve its stability problem.

The activity methods of existing inhibition and passivation lipase is the expanded method of dry type.As the processing of rice bran and the equipment of iowa,usa state Triple F. INC., (US) 10301 Dennis Drive, Des Moines, Iowa U.S.A., the patent No. is ZL86105295; The rice bran processing apparatus patent of California, USA Bridy International Corp, the patent No. are ZL88106295.The expanded characteristics of dry method are: rice bran is in bulking machine, be squeezed, friction effect, density constantly increases, gas in the material gap is extruded, and material is subjected to shear action and produces backflow after void gas is filled, and the pressure of machine thorax is increased, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy simultaneously, the rice bran temperature is raise about 130 ℃, quick-fried through the moment spray, formed puffed rice bran with certain intensity.Lipolytic enzyme class material in the rice bran is lost activity, protein denaturation, starch gelatinization is destroyed eucaryotic cell structure grease is diffused out, and reaches the stabilizing rice bran quality and helps solvent-extracted purpose.The expanded method major defect of dry type is that treating capacity is little, energy consumption big, main working parts is short service life; And expanded leaching effect is bad, and fresh-keeping effect is poor.

It is big that goal of the invention of the present invention provides a kind of processing rice bran treating capacity, expanded leaching and good refreshing effect, and energy-conservation wet method rice bran expansion method and oil plant extruder, the parts long service life of this machine.

To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of squeezing and puffing rice bran method, mainly by in closed cylinder, promoting raw rice bran by extrusion spiral, make it constantly compress at short notice, heat, form by steps such as discharging opening step-down, cooling releases then, its characteristics are: before described raw rice bran enters the closed cylinder charging aperture, and also will be through the rice bran cleaning, carry out meter crushed rices through sorter and separate, and moisture and temperature course are regulated in foreheater; In described closed cylinder, carry out also in described cylindrical shell, injecting steam in screw extrusion, the heating process; Handle through super-dry, cooling and leaching again through the rice bran after expanded.

Said method, its characteristics are: the injection rate of described steam can be controlled automatically by stop valve, and the decanting point of steam can be a place or many places.

Said method, its characteristics are: the rice bran moisture content after the foreheater of described process is regulated is controlled at 10-13%, and temperature is 60-80 ℃.

In order to realize above-mentioned purpose better, the present invention also provides a kind of squeezing and puffing rice bran equipment, mainly form by the expanded cylindrical shell of closed screw extrusion that has charging aperture and discharging opening, the spiral pusher that is driven by drive unit is installed in the described cylindrical shell, its characteristics are: also be equipped with at described expanded cylindrical shell charging aperture front end raw material rice bran moisture content is controlled at 10-13%, temperature is controlled at 60-80 ℃ adjusting pretreatment unit, described rice bran enters described expanded cylindrical shell through the feeder buffering, on described expanded cylindrical shell, have a place or many places steam hand-hole, described steam hand-hole and steam input pipe road UNICOM, the place is equipped with fast die sinking plate in described expanded barrel discharge hole.

Above-mentioned squeezing and puffing rice bran equipment, its characteristics are feeding screw feeder in described feeder by the feeding motor control that has RHVC, described feeding motor and the main motor interlocking that drives described expanded cylindrical shell inside spin pusher.

Above-mentioned squeezing and puffing rice bran equipment, its characteristics are that described main motor drives described expanded cylindrical shell inside spin pusher by a big belt pulley and V-belt.

Above-mentioned squeezing and puffing rice bran equipment, its characteristics are that described expanded cylindrical shell adopts the branch body structure, and every section cylindrical shell connects by flange each other, and shear pin also is installed on the described cylindrical shell.

Above-mentioned squeezing and puffing rice bran equipment, its characteristics are that screw rod adopts multistage screw-casing and mandrel split sleeve structure in the described spiral pusher.

Above-mentioned squeezing and puffing rice bran equipment, its characteristics are to be evenly distributed with a plurality of shoulder holes on described fast die sinking plate, and the nib lining is installed in described shoulder hole.

Adopt said method and equipment to solve the deficiency of the expanded method of dry type, also absorbed the expanded law technology advantage of dry type simultaneously.In its feed system, feed system has been owing to adopted variable-frequency control technique, can be on a large scale inner equilibrium and regulate the feed quantity of material exactly, make the operation of start-stop car become easier.Feeding motor and main motor be mutually chain have been avoided before the main electric motor starting error starting feeding motor to shift to an earlier date feeding causing extruder to block; And when main motor stopped owing to accidentalia, feeding motor also can stop feeding because of interlocking.In the drive system part, with Y series 6 utmost point motor-driven, adopt the V-belt transmission once to slow down and put in place, saved complicated and expensive reductor parts, alleviated maintenance workload greatly, saved maintenance cost.Because big belt wheel has played the effect of flywheel, makes equipment operation more steady, has alleviated the impact of load to motor, has improved the condition of work of motor.At the machine barrel parts, machine barrel is divided into four sections by function and working condition.On the machine barrel three row shear pin plays shearing and the stirring action to material.The inner surface of machine barrel can make its longevity make prolongation through specially treated, and each section machine barrel connects with flange, is convenient to install and remove machine barrel, cleaning machine tube inner chamber and screw rod.In order to realize the wet method bulking process, the place is provided with a plurality of admission openings at the bulking machine cylindrical shell, under the control of valve, can from one or many places in body, spray into steam, like this, the effect that rice bran is not only mixed, shears, compresses in the bulking machine body also is subjected to the effect of boiling, does not have tradition to press molten condition appearance in the process.Because water is the good heat transfer medium, rice bran moisture content is high more, and the hear resistance of enzyme is just poor more, and the enzyme effect of going out is just better.In addition, add steam and can also bring a part of heat into, the friction shear heat acting in conjunction that this part heat and rice bran produce makes the temperature of rice bran be elevated to temperature required rapidly.At screw rod system, adopt special helical structure design, make that the extrusion of oil plant extruder is most effective, power consumption economizes most.Screw rod adopts the structure of screw-casing and mandrel assembling, can require to adopt the combination of different structure spiral according to different process, has strengthened the adaptability of oil plant extruder; And, should this can only change several sections screw-casings of serious wear because the wearing and tearing of spiral are not uniformly at every turn, and simplified maintenance work, saved maintenance cost.At discharge system, rice bran is discharged with stable flow rate by fast die sinking plate after breaking away from screw rod.Fast die sinking plate adopts quick change construction, can change template multi-form and size according to different output or technological requirement, to reach optimal expansion effect.

Following structure accompanying drawing further specifies embodiments of the invention:

Fig. 1 is extruder of the present invention and pipeline schematic diagram thereof

Fig. 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of expanded cylindrical shell among Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a discharging opening die sinking board combining structure schematic diagram among Fig. 1

Fig. 4 be among Fig. 3 A to view

The technological process of wet method rice bran expansion of the present invention is made up of following steps: rice bran; Cleaning; Air classifier separates; Moisture content and temperature are regulated in foreheater; Steam wet method extrusion; Dry; Cooling; Leach.

In the invention process process, owing in rice bran, generally all be mixed with certain cracking rice and starch, should carry out the strictness screening, crack rice and other impurity to remove.Otherwise, not only influence the foundation of pressure in the puffing process, and can make expanded material loosely organized.Therefore, rice bran will pass through cleaning process earlier, carries out meter crushed rices through sorter then and separates, and enters foreheater and regulates moisture content and temperature.The water content of rice bran is one of essential condition that influences the rice bran expansion effect, and moisture content is too high not to have plasticity, crosses that low then elasticity is too poor, and after regulating through foreheater, moisture is generally 10～13%.The raw material rice bran is gone into the machine temperature also has certain influence to expansion effect, and after foreheater was regulated, temperature was generally 60-80 ℃.Rice bran after handling through the front operation is imported bulking machine by feeder, is mixed in cylindrical shell, the effect of shearing, compression and boiling.Because this process is a process between a high temperature, short time, the general time of staying in cylindrical shell was less than one minute, therefore the activity in the passivation rice bran effectively, do not destroy simultaneously the effective ingredient in the rice bran, this process can also be destroyed trypsase inhibin etc. to be had and cuts material and kill microorganism and worm's ovum in the rice bran, improves gelatinization degree.The expanded rice bran that comes out is because the temperature height, and vaporization moisture is loss fully as yet, and quality is soft, therefore needs dry cold cut, can form the expanded material with certain compression strength.Otherwise, not only significantly increase the fines content of material, leaching is exerted an influence, and also can go mouldy when storing, acid value still can rise.

In Fig. 1,2,3 and 4, steam wet method rice bran expansion machine of the present invention mainly is made up of fast die sinking plate 1, admission opening 2, expanded cylindrical shell 3, concentration equipment 4, feeder 5, stop valve 6, steam input pipe road 7, shear pin 8, expanded tube screw feeder 9, big belt pulley 10.The fixing template 11 of different size on fast die sinking plate 1 is evenly distributed with 24 shoulder holes on template 11, be lined with nib lining 12 in each shoulder hole.

Handle back moisture 10～13% through the front operation, temperature is 60～80 ℃, rice bran through quantitative feeder 5 bufferings, enter expanded cylindrical shell 3 after sending into concentration equipment 4 deironing by the feeding screw feeder, a plurality of admission openings 2 are arranged on bulking machine cylindrical shell 3, by stop valve 6 control, can from one or many places spray into steam.Like this, after a series of effects such as wet, the heat effect of mechanism such as rice bran is squeezed in the oil plant extruder, rubs with the hands, shears, pressurization and the steam that sprays into and frictional heat, at terminal fast die sinking plate 1 place of extruding screw, rice bran sharply expands, moisture evaporates rapidly and obtains loose porous and squeezing and puffing rice bran material that intensity is high.

The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages: 1, output is big, the output master of expanded pretreating process Knack is due to expanded production capacity, and at present dry method bulking machine processing rice bran ability is 8～20t/24hr, and wets Method bulking machine single machine yield can reach 120t/24hr. The rice bran preliminary treatment workshop that output is 100t/24hr, If join dry method bulking machine then about 5～13 of minimum needs, if join wet-process puffing machine then only anti-1. Through producing actual detection, the wet method puffing material basic proportion of giving money as a gift is 488Kg/m3, and in the butt ratio of method puffing material Heavily be 380Kg/m3, infuser is under same bed depth in the operation of extraction oil producing like this, and wet method is expanded Output will improve more than 25%. 2, power consumption is little, and the supporting power of method bulking machine is on 45～55KW left side The right side, and the supporting power of wet-process puffing machine is 90KW, take the rice bran preliminary treatment workshop of above-mentioned 100t/24hr as Example, the minimum supporting power of dry method bulking machine is 275KW, its power consumption is minimum to be that wet method is swollen More than 3 times of change machine, as to join its power consumption of the lower dry method bulking machine of output will be bigger. 3, parts use Life-span is long, because the heat of dry method bulking machine mainly pushes friction mutually by rice bran and the parts such as machine barrel, spiral And produce, thereby bigger to the wearing and tearing of the parts such as machine barrel, spiral, then need change spiral in general about 30 days, Annual maintenance cost will be very high like this. The service life of the main working parts such as the spiral of wet-process puffing machine can Reach and produce 20000 tons of rice brans, annual maintenance cost is very low. 4, the puffing material leaching effect is good, with dried Method is expanded to be compared, the expanded puffing material that produces of wet method structural better, loose porous, grease fully outside Leak, and be difficult for forming powder, this material not only can not stop up the infuser screen, and the infiltration of solvent, Diafiltration is good, and dregs of rice Residual oil is generally below 1.1%. Steam to take off at solvent and also be difficult in the process producing dust and stop up Condenser. 5, good refreshing effect, the following moisture of rice bran drying to 9% after wet method is expanded, and be cooled to Behind the normal temperature, its acid value increases slower, can store more than 60 days at normal temperatures. Like this, rice bran processing factory can Peak period in paddy processing is purchased rice bran in a large number, stores after elder generation is expanded again, has avoided the peak of paddy processing Phase dare not purchase in a large number, or becomes sour because can not in time processing after the purchase, causes the loss of raw material, the peak period Later the situation of not having again rice bran processing.

Claims (9)

1. A rice bran extruding and puffing method, which mainly consists of pushing the rice bran raw material through an extrusion screw in a closed cylinder, making it continuously compressed and heated in a short period of time, and then through the steps of reducing pressure and cooling and releasing through the discharge port. It is characterized in that: before the rice bran raw material enters the feed port of the closed cylinder, the rice bran must be cleaned, the rice bran is separated through the classifier, and the water and temperature are adjusted by the preheating pot; in the closed cylinder, the spiral During the extruding and heating process, steam is also injected into the barrel; the expanded rice bran is then dried, cooled and leached. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the injection amount of the steam can be automatically controlled by a stop valve, and the injection point of the steam can be in one or more places. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the moisture content of the rice bran regulated by the preheating pot is controlled at 10-13%, and the temperature is 60-80°C. 4. A rice bran extrusion and puffing equipment, which is mainly composed of a closed screw extrusion puffing cylinder with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet. A screw pusher driven by a driving device is installed in the cylinder, and it is characterized in that : the front end of the feed port of the puffing cylinder is also equipped with a regulating pretreatment device that controls the moisture content of the raw rice bran at 10-13% and the temperature at 60-80°C, and the rice bran is buffered into the The puffing cylinder has one or more steam injection holes on the puffing cylinder, the steam injection holes communicate with the steam input pipeline, and a quick-opening template is installed at the discharge port of the puffing cylinder. 5. The rice bran extrusion and puffing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that the feeding auger in the feeder is controlled by a feeding motor with a frequency conversion speed regulating device, and the feeding motor is connected to the drive The main motor of the screw propeller in the expansion cylinder is interlocked. 6. The rice bran extrusion and puffing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that the main motor drives the screw propeller in the puffing cylinder through a large pulley and a V-belt. 7. The rice bran extrusion and puffing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that the puffing cylinder adopts a split structure, and each section of the cylinder is connected to each other through a flange, and a shearing device is installed on the cylinder. pin. 8. The rice bran extrusion and puffing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that the screw in the auger propeller adopts a multi-segment helical sleeve and mandrel separate package structure. 9. The rice bran extrusion and puffing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that a plurality of stepped holes are evenly distributed on the quick-opening template, and die hole bushings are installed in the stepped holes.

Images