CN1349106A - Calculation method of back-up period of battery in UPS - Google Patents
Calculation method of back-up period of battery in UPS Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating back up time of UPS. The reference of back up time is based on time of discharge in constant power. Since the characteristic of rectified load of UPS, the calculated back up time does not preset big jump, with jumping between different discharge curves under constant current being reduced and accuracy being increased in calculating the back up time, except the change, add or substract of load happens. The invention gives a good solution for calculating charge rate and back up time especially in underfill.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the computing method of a kind of uninterrupted power source battery backup time.
Background technology:
Calculate for the preparation time of battery, general computing method are that the constant-current discharge curve with battery is basic data, fills back how many ampere-hours when adopting battery to emit how many ampere-hours and battery charge and calculate at present." ampere-hour " this unit derives from galvanochemistry, is used for the capacity of counting cell, when the battery constant current discharge, is more convenient and intuitively with ampere-hour as unit of account.But UPS institute bringing onto load generally is a rectified load in actual the use, when electrical appliance does not change, its power consumption does not generally change, constant-current discharge curve with battery is the battery backup Time Calculation method of basic data, because battery voltage in discharge process constantly descends, simultaneously for keeping the constant of bearing power constantly to increase by discharge current, so it is just inconvenient that do battery capacity unit with ampere-hour this moment, not directly perceived yet, more because the continuous variation of electric current in the discharge process, in the battery discharge procedure preparation time show continuous saltus step phenomenon, so it is relatively poor to make the preparation time computing method degree of accuracy of basic data with the constant-current discharge curve.Occur (when not put) in discharge and the battery discharge procedure once more for (when being underfill) in the battery charging process and occur the situation of charging once more, very big based on the calculation error of constant-current discharge curve.
Summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the above problems, and the computing method of a kind of uninterrupted power source battery backup time are provided, and the data precision height, the saltus step that are calculated are few.
For achieving the above object, the computing method of a kind of uninterrupted power source battery backup time is characterized in that being calculated as follows: T=Q * T
P
Wherein T is the preparation time of the corresponding current discharge power P that calculated, and Q is the battery charge state coefficient, what of the current charge volume of expression battery, its span is 0 to 1, when battery is in full state, and Q=1, when battery discharge is put to shutting down, Q=0; T
PFor battery begins to discharge into firm power P discharge time in when point shutdown from full state.
Adopt above scheme, with the benchmark of permanent power discharge time of battery as the real-time calculating of battery discharge preparation time, because the constant output characteristic of UPS load (unless increase and decrease load), can reduce preparation time calculate between different constant-current discharge curves saltus step and improve precision, unless charge capacity change or increase and decrease, preparation time saltus step significantly can not occur, and can be applicable to that the situation of discharge appears in battery under any state.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention schematic flow sheet.
Embodiment:
Also the present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below by specific embodiment.
Unless specialize, the unit of all physical quantitys is a unit of international units system in the literary composition.Its exception has: 1) battery nominal capacity C, unit are ampere-hour; 2) in table 1 base data table, given T
PBUnit be minute, but still need be with a second office in formula, these need have changed into second substitution formula just after looking into base data table.
Flow process shown in Figure 1 is actually an application example of the present invention, wherein except having preparation time calculates, also includes the partial content of UPS battery management, such as equal, floating charge conversion etc.So-called all filling is exactly with higher constant voltage battery to be charged, when generally being used for battery underfill still, when battery is charged to a certain degree, change floating charge into, promptly use lower voltage instead, in order to avoid overcharge, and additional self-discharge of battery, but in the present invention, floating charge is not essential.
But in this process flow diagram, the calculating of battery backup time is main contents of the present invention.Among the present invention, the preparation time that battery discharges with power P calculates by following formula:
T＝QT
P
Below wherein variable is made an explanation:
(1) state-of-charge coefficient Q: it is a coefficient of characterizing battery state-of-charge, and value is 0-1, and the Q value shows when being 1 that battery is in full state.The Q of charging and discharge (direction according to battery current is judged) is described below respectively:
1) battery is when charged state, and battery charge is replenished, and the recruitment of Q is: AI
bU
bDt
Fill/ (aW
0)
Wherein:
I
bBe battery charge.
U
bBe battery charging voltage.
Dt
FillBe the duration of charging of epicycle in the time interval, in Fig. 1 flow process, the detection of charged state was carried out at interval with regular time, and software adds up to the Q increment in each time interval.Therefore, in process flow diagram 1, dt
FillEqual the time interval of the detection battery status of software setting, be generally 5S-20S.
W
0The energy of having emitted during for current battery charge (gross energy of emitting when last round of discharge) is compared the energy of loss altogether during also promptly with full capacity (Q=1).Attention: W in whole charging process
0Be definite value, only W arranged under the situation of discharge
0Just can change and (be reflected in the process flow diagram and will note W exactly
0The position of this assignment command of=W).
A is a battery charge efficient and the ratio of discharging efficiency, it is one 〉=1 coefficient (because the charge efficiency of battery is generally less than discharging efficiency), its value can be provided with according to different batteries, for example: to a certain battery, after discharging one hour with firm power, needed 1.2 hours just can reach original state-of-charge with same power charging, then its a value gets 1.2), A=1-Q
0Be capacity normalizing coefficient, same W
0The same, the A value is a definite value in whole charging process, is only having under the situation of discharge, and A just can change, so locate to use Q
0Replace the Q in the flow process, though still use this assignment command of A=1-Q in the process flow diagram, its position has guaranteed the correctness of A value.
Because the maximal value of Q is 1,, battery can directly put Q=1 when floating charge is changeed in the back when being full of.Setting the duration of charging among Fig. 1, is considered as being full of during less than 1% (promptly less than 0.01C, wherein C is the ampere-hour number, also is the numerical value of battery capacity) of the ampere-hour number of the capacity of battery greater than the value of 12 hours or charging current, changes floating charge into and puts Q=1.
2) battery is when discharge condition, and battery charge is consumed, and the reduction of Q is:
Dt
Put/ T
P '
In the formula:
Dt
PutBe the actual discharge time, power when P ' is discharge, it and P have identical physical meaning, computing method are also identical, but P ' is the power of battery when previous round discharges, and P is a discharge power current when calculating preparation time, when the two is present in the same formula, be necessary to distinguish, but separately T be discussed
PAnd T
P 'Computing formula the time, the two is without any difference, below with T
PFor example describes.
T
P=K
PM
PT
PB, its expression battery discharges into total discharge time in when point shutdown from full state with permanent power P.Wherein: T
PBBe that the unbated new battery of capacity carries out permanent power discharge from full state with P under 20 ℃ of normal temperature, the discharge time when discharging into battery shutdown point; K
PBe the residual capacity coefficient estimated according to battery life predicting, K
P≤ 1, to new battery, its value is 1, and the value during battery end of life is a volume percent that is provided with, for example, to a certain size battery, when on a certain equipment, moving, if think that volume percent is just to be done at 70% o'clock, K during battery end of life then
PValue is 70%; M
PBe temperature coefficient, to the correction of discharge time, when temperature was reference temperature when discharge, its value was 1 when environment temperature departed from reference temperature during the expression battery discharge.K
P, M
P, T
PBThe calculating of three amounts sees below.
(2) discharge time T
PB: the new battery of its expression full capacity carries out permanent power discharge from full state with P under 20 ℃ of normal temperature, the discharge time when discharging into battery shutdown point, it can obtain with following two kinds of methods:
(1) use base data table: in actual the use, can be according to the T of full capacity battery under different discharge powers
PBBase data table, continuable time T when determining under 20 ℃ of normal temperature to be discharged to final voltage with real power P by linear interpolation
PB20 ℃ is the reference temperature when the Fundamentals of Measurement data herein, if adopt other temperature as reference temperature, only needs following temperature coefficient M
PAccount form carry out corresponding modify and get final product.Table 1 is a kind of T of battery
PBBase data table, the T that provides in the table
PBUnit be minute it will be converted to second in use.Table 1 NP12-100AH battery T
PB(MIN)
| Discharge power | 2KW | ?3KW | ?4KW | ?5KW | ?6KW | ?20.4 ?KW | ?24.5 ?KW | ?27.1 ?KW | ?32.1 ?KW |
| ?T PB | 350 | ?176 | ?130 | ?91 | ?68 | ?53 | ?43 | ?35 | ?26 |
(2) use experimental formula:
T
PB＝3600CK
i/I
Wherein: T
PBUnit is second; C is the nominal capacity of battery, and unit is ampere-hour (AH); I is a battery discharge current at that time, and unit is an ampere (A); K
iBe battery discharge efficient, by battery discharge current magnitude range segmentation value, for example following value:
Battery discharge current I is less than 5 hour rates (be nominal capacity divided by the current value of gained after 5 hours, analogize down), K
i=0.85;
Battery discharge current I greater than 5 hour rates less than 3 hour rates, K
i=0.8;
Battery discharge current I greater than 3 hour rates less than 1 hour rate, K
i=0.6;
Battery discharge current I is greater than 1 hour rate, K
i=0.5.
For nominal capacity is the battery of 100AH, discharge current K during less than 20A
i=0.85, discharge current is K during less than 33A greater than 20A
i=0.8, discharge current is K during less than 100A greater than 33A
i=0.6.
(3) residual capacity COEFFICIENT K
P: it is the battery comparative result between the capacity under the full state and the new battery capacity in use.Available following two kinds of methods obtain:
(1) based on the electric discharge of base data table: the residual capacity COEFFICIENT K that obtains in this way
PCorresponding with concrete battery, can guarantee predicts the outcome reaches than higher degree of accuracy.
The specific practice of electric discharge is as follows: in the periodic maintenance discharge (or the regular self check of battery) of battery, allow battery with firm power P at every turn
0Discharge, P
0Setting value choose can be selected by actual requirement, for example: get P during 100AH
0=9K (or 6K, 3K, can in watchdog routine, set); Get P during 65AH
0=6K; Get P when 38AH, 40AH
0=3K, the part that exceeds is provided by rectifier.Safeguard to allow battery emit 20% new battery capacity in the discharge, promptly be and P discharge time
0Corresponding T
PB20%, then detect the terminal voltage U of battery
B, with its with basic data in battery press P in the different residual capacity stage
020% capacity of emitting (is 20%T
PBTime) terminal voltage of back battery is compared, with the residual capacity K of linear interpolation result to cell degradation
PRevise.
K
P＝K
1+(U
1-U
B)·(K
2-K
1)/(U
1-U
2)
K wherein
1, K
2, U
1, U
2Be basic data, promptly working as residual capacity is K
1The time, be U with the rear end voltage that discharges down above-mentioned same discharge power and discharge time
1, when residual capacity is K
2The time, be U with the rear end voltage that discharges down above-mentioned same discharge power and discharge time
2
Table 2,3 is that 2 kinds of batteries, 20% initial capacity discharge battery end pressure compares K with corresponding residual capacity
PData: unless specifically stated otherwise in the table, all data are data of 10 battery strings translocation examinations.
Table 2, GP12-40AH battery K
P
Table 3, GP12-65AH battery K
P
| End is pressed (V) | 123.8 | ?123.4 | ?122.2 | ?121.5 | ?118.9 |
| ?K P | ?100％ | 85.1％ | 81.2％ | 76.6％ | 30.7％ |
| End is pressed (V) | 123.7 | ?123.5 | ?122.2 | ?121.2 | ?120.8 |
| ?K P | ?100％ | 86.6％ | 80.3％ | 72.6％ | 52.7％ |
Though because to the temperature compensation of float charge voltage and being provided with of battery float magnitude of voltage, the height of float charge voltage is to U
BValue has certain influence, but at present preliminary test result shows, to the accuracy of detection influence of the battery remaining power of environment temperature between 15～30 ℃ below 3%.
(2) calculate by linear aging experimental formula: according to battery nominal life estimation residual capacity coefficient, K
P≤ 1, its value can be set at decaying by linear or non-linear rule service time according to the battery nominal life, for example is set at as shown in the formula changing by linear rule:
K
P=(nominal life-service time)/nominal life
(4) be temperature coefficient M
P: depart from the discharge scenario of reference temperature for environment temperature, need T
PCarry out temperature coefficient M
PCorrection, for example define 20 ℃ for reference temperature, this moment its M
P=1, the M under other temperature then
PCan obtain with following two kinds of methods:
(1) utilizes base data table: M
PRemove with the temperature range scope mutually outside the Pass, or the function of discharge power must utilize the battery temperature coefficient to carry out the two-dimensional linear interpolation with the base data table of temperature and variable power.Concrete calculating can the corresponding data table in up and down immediate two power grades carry out linear interpolation by actual temperature, again gained to temperature coefficient that should two power grades by actual discharge power carry out again the once linear interpolation get final product actual M
PValue.Table 4,5 is observed temperature coefficient M of two kinds of batteries
PBase data table: table 4, NP100AH battery M
P
| The environment temperature discharge power | 10℃ | ?15℃ | 20℃ | ?30℃ | ?40℃ |
| ?1K | ?0.92 | ?0.96 | ?1 | ?1.06 | ?1.09 |
| ?4K | ?0.86 | ?0.93 | ?1 | ?1.12 | ?1.18 |
| ?8K | ?0.88 | ?0.93 | ?1 | ?1.03 | ?1.15 |
| ?16K | ?0.77 | ?0.85 | ?1 | ?1.23 | ?1.38 |
Table 5, GPL12-100AH battery M
P
| Environment temperature | 10℃ | ?15℃ | 20℃ | 30℃ | 40℃ |
| Discharge power | |||||
| ?1K | ?0.99 | ?1.00 | ?1 | ?1.11 | ?1 |
| ?4K | ?0.96 | ?0.94 | ?1 | ?1.27 | ?1.27 |
| ?8K | ?0.92 | ?0.88 | ?1 | ?1.39 | ?1.39 |
| ?16K | ?0.91 | ?1 | ?1 | ?1.45 | ?1.64 |
(2) use experimental formula:
Set M
P, for example be set at by linearity or nonlinearities change with environment temperature by linear change, when reference temperature is 25 when spending, M
P=1+k (t-25)
Wherein t is an environment temperature, k
tBe temperature coefficient, for example by following discharge rate scope segmentation value:
Battery discharge current is less than 10 hour rates, k
t=0.006/ ℃;
Battery discharge current greater than 10 hour rates less than 5 hour rates, k
t=0.007/ ℃;
Battery discharge current greater than 5 hour rates less than 3 hour rates, k
t=0.008/ ℃;
Battery discharge current is greater than 3 hour rates, k
t=0.01/ ℃;
(5) the electric energy total amount W that has emitted: be to be used for the variable that energy the time is emitted in the characterizing battery discharge, calculate the W in the formula of Q value above
0Be a W occurrence under given conditions, the W in the moment before promptly after discharge, charging.
Introducing the W variable is in order to solve battery under underfill electricity situation, discharge once more to occur or under the situation of not put electricity, estimate problem the discharge time when occurring charging once more.With the viewpoint of energy conservation, can solve the energy size that battery discharge can emit and change, and energy recharges the difficult problem that ratio calculates in the subsequent charging operations with discharge power.During charging, the reduction of W is:
I
bU
bDt
Fill/ a wherein each implication of measuring is the same.The recruitment of W is during discharge:
Pdt
PutWherein the implication of each amount is the same.
Claims (9)
1, the computing method of a kind of uninterrupted power source battery backup time is characterized in that being calculated as follows: T=Q * T
P
Wherein T is the preparation time of the corresponding current discharge power P that calculated, and Q is the battery charge state coefficient, what of the current charge volume of expression battery, its span is 0 to 1, when battery is in full state, and Q=1, when battery discharge is put to shutting down, Q=0; T
PFor battery begins to discharge into firm power P discharge time in when point shutdown from full state.
2, the computing method of uninterrupted power source battery backup time as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: wherein the computing method of state-of-charge coefficient (Q) are:
When battery with arbitrary firm power P ' discharge dt
PutAfter time, Q value reduction is:
Dt
Put/ T
P '
Behind battery discharge again with current Ib, the voltage U b dt that charges
FillAfter time, Q value recruitment is:
AI
bU
bDt
Fill/ (aW
0)
After battery was full of, the Q value no longer increased, and its value is changed to 1; Wherein, W
0For battery before charging is compared the gross energy of being emitted, A=1-Q with complete full state
0Be normalization coefficient, Q
0For emitting total amount is W
0Energy after the state-of-charge coefficient, a is the charge efficiency of battery and the ratio of discharging efficiency.
3, the computing method of uninterrupted power source battery backup time as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: T wherein
PComputing method be:
T
p＝K
pM
pT
pB
T
P' formula identical, only need change wherein subscript P into P '; T wherein
PBDischarge time when beginning under reference temperature to discharge into the shutdown point from full state with firm power P for the unbated new battery of capacity; K
PBe the residual capacity coefficient of battery, the degree of aging of expression battery, to new battery, its value is 1, the value during battery end of life is a volume percent that is provided with; M
PBe temperature coefficient, to the correction of discharge time, when temperature was reference temperature when discharge, its value was 1 when environment temperature departed from reference temperature during the expression battery discharge.
4, the computing method of uninterrupted power source battery backup time as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that wherein K
PCalculate by linear aging experimental formula:
K
P=(nominal life-service time)/nominal life
5, the computing method of uninterrupted power source battery backup time as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that wherein K
PComputing method be electric discharge: after promptly allowing battery determine power discharge official hour or capacity, measure the terminal voltage U of battery with one
B, from advance at same discharge power with search immediate value U the battery basic data with measuring under discharge time
1, U
2And corresponding battery remaining power COEFFICIENT K
1, K
2, and calculate with linear interpolation:
K
P＝K
1+(U
1-U
B)·(K
2-K
1)/(U
1-U
2)
K wherein
1, K
2, U
1, U
2Be basic data, promptly working as residual capacity is K
1The time, be U with the rear end voltage that discharges down above-mentioned same discharge power and discharge time
1, when residual capacity is K
2The time, be U with the rear end voltage that discharges down above-mentioned same discharge power and discharge time
2
6, the computing method of uninterrupted power source battery backup time as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that when reference temperature be 25 when spending, M wherein
PAdopt following experimental formula to calculate::
M
P＝1+K
t(t-25)
Wherein t is an environment temperature, K
tBe temperature coefficient, the segmentation value:
Battery discharge current is less than 10 hour rates, K
t=0.006/ ℃;
Battery discharge current greater than 10 hour rates less than 5 hour rates, K
t=0.007/ ℃;
Battery discharge current greater than 5 hour rates less than 3 hour rates, K
t=0.008/ ℃;
Battery discharge current is greater than 3 hour rates, K
t=0.01/ ℃.
7, the computing method of uninterrupted power source battery backup time as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that wherein M
PComputing method be the two-dimensional linear method of interpolation: in advance with testing in the base data table of battery temperature coefficient that records with temperature and variable power, find up and down that immediate two power grades carry out linear interpolation by actual temperature, again gained to temperature coefficient that should two power grades by actual discharge power carry out again the once linear interpolation get final product actual M
PValue.
8, the computing method of uninterrupted power source battery backup time as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that wherein T
PBThe employing experimental formula is calculated:
T
PB＝3600C?K
i/I
Wherein: C is the nominal capacity of battery, and unit is an ampere-hour; I is a battery discharge current at that time; K
iBe battery discharge efficient, press battery discharge current magnitude range segmentation value:
Battery discharge current I is less than 5 hour rates, K
i=0.85;
Battery discharge current I greater than 5 hour rates less than 3 hour rates, K
i=0.8;
Battery discharge current I greater than 3 hour rates less than 1 hour rate, K
i=0.6;
Battery discharge current I is greater than 1 hour rate, K
i=0.5.
9, the computing method of uninterrupted power source battery backup time as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that wherein T
PBComputing method be method of interpolation: utilize in advance the new battery of full capacity with measuring T under reference temperature with different discharge powers discharges
PBBase data table, continuable time T when determining under reference temperature to be discharged to final voltage with real power P by linear interpolation
PB
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011299185A CN1164952C (en) | 2001-11-14 | 2001-11-14 | Monitoring Method of Battery Backup Time of Uninterruptible Power Supply with Constant Load |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011299185A CN1164952C (en) | 2001-11-14 | 2001-11-14 | Monitoring Method of Battery Backup Time of Uninterruptible Power Supply with Constant Load |
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|---|---|
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| CN1164952C CN1164952C (en) | 2004-09-01 |
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ID=4669556
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1862279B (en) * | 2005-05-11 | 2010-04-28 | 苏州润源电气技术有限公司 | Method for estimating aging rate and testing fault of battery, and apparatus for managing and monitoring battery |
| CN101930056A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-29 | 力博特公司 | Method for predicting power backup time of battery |
| CN102073016B (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2015-02-11 | 艾默生网络能源系统北美公司 | Methods for detecting actual capacity, residual capacity, standby time and health condition of battery |
| CN105938183A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-14 | 思创数码科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring system for predicting UPS battery life |
| CN106796271A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2017-05-31 | 株式会社Lg 化学 | The method for determining the resistance coefficient of secondary cell, and the apparatus and method that the resistance coefficient determined by estimates charge power |
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-
2001
- 2001-11-14 CN CNB011299185A patent/CN1164952C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1862279B (en) * | 2005-05-11 | 2010-04-28 | 苏州润源电气技术有限公司 | Method for estimating aging rate and testing fault of battery, and apparatus for managing and monitoring battery |
| CN101930056A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-29 | 力博特公司 | Method for predicting power backup time of battery |
| CN101930056B (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2013-07-24 | 力博特公司 | Method for predicting power backup time of battery |
| CN102073016B (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2015-02-11 | 艾默生网络能源系统北美公司 | Methods for detecting actual capacity, residual capacity, standby time and health condition of battery |
| CN106796271B (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2019-06-11 | 株式会社Lg 化学 | Method for determining resistivity of secondary battery, and apparatus and method for estimating charging power using determined resistivity |
| CN106796271A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2017-05-31 | 株式会社Lg 化学 | The method for determining the resistance coefficient of secondary cell, and the apparatus and method that the resistance coefficient determined by estimates charge power |
| CN108886661B (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2021-05-28 | 索诺瓦公司 | Method, hearing device and apparatus for monitoring the health status of a battery of a hearing device |
| CN108886661A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2018-11-23 | 索诺瓦公司 | Monitor method, hearing device and the device including hearing device of the health status of the battery of hearing device |
| CN105938183B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2018-11-02 | 思创数码科技股份有限公司 | A kind of intelligent monitor system in prediction UPS battery service life |
| CN105938183A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-14 | 思创数码科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring system for predicting UPS battery life |
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| CN112505548A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-16 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Method and related device for monitoring service life of CMOS battery |
| WO2022105439A1 (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-05-27 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Method for monitoring service life of cmos battery, and related apparatus |
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