CN1346819A - Composite fertilizer and its preparing process and equipment - Google Patents
Composite fertilizer and its preparing process and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1346819A CN1346819A CN 01134728 CN01134728A CN1346819A CN 1346819 A CN1346819 A CN 1346819A CN 01134728 CN01134728 CN 01134728 CN 01134728 A CN01134728 A CN 01134728A CN 1346819 A CN1346819 A CN 1346819A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 86
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Abstract
本发明提供一种有机/无机/微生物菌三维复合肥及其制造方法和设备,包括:对有机固体废弃物进行发酵预处理;与其他物料进行配料混合;进行膨化处理;喷菌、扑粉、包衣、整粒;干燥、冷却;成品等步骤和相应装置,该复合肥养分含量高、见效快且可实现无害化、资源化。
The invention provides an organic/inorganic/microbial bacteria three-dimensional compound fertilizer and its manufacturing method and equipment, comprising: fermenting and pretreating organic solid waste; mixing ingredients with other materials; performing puffing treatment; spraying bacteria, dusting powder, wrapping Clothing, granulation; drying, cooling; finished products and other steps and corresponding devices, the compound fertilizer has high nutrient content, quick effect, and can be harmless and resourceful.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound manure and manufacture method thereof and equipment, relate in particular to a kind of fertilizer and manufacture method and equipment that is composited by fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and microbial bacteria.
Background technology
We know that the natural organic fertilizer nutrient content is low, fertilizer efficiency is slow; Chemical fertilizer has nutrient content height, instant effect, but continuous excessive use chemical fertilizer has brought soil compaction again, weakens soil fertility, reduced harm such as crop quality and contaminate environment.How to use above-mentioned two kinds of fertilizer effectively and reasonably is the problem that the insider extremely pays close attention to always.
At present, domestic research to the fertilizer aspect relatively seldom, some utilize solid waste to produce the enterprise of fertilizer, because technology and fund weak foundation, there is the unicity shortcoming in most of complete processing, and the enterprise that has is just by the just as fertilizer sources use of fermentation, drying treatment; The fertilizer that the enterprise that has produces only adopts high temperature flash baking to handle; The enterprise that has only carries out post-treatment, lacks fermenting process.Facts have proved that the organic fertilizer product that these incomplete technologies and the production technology that falls behind are produced does not have quality-guarantee.
The main effect of bio-bacterial manure is: 1. the nitrogen transformation of inorganic states is become the amino acid nitrogen of organic, improve crop to the nutrient absorbing rate; 2. improve the soil microorganisms environment of crop, the favourable flora that is beneficial to plant growth is occupied an leading position.
Present domestic most of producer stays in " certain bacterium or flora are sprayed among the fertilizer " this primary stage for the exploitation of bio-bacterial manure, and has ignored above-mentioned two kinds of functions that bacterium should reach in the microbial-bacterial fertilizer.And bacterium sprays into after the fertilizer, owing to lack the primary condition (as moisture, nutrient, space structure etc.) that it is survived, seldom has bacterium to survive.Therefore, a lot of bio-bacterial manures are " nominal ".To really make bio-bacterial manure the bacteria live in the fertilizer is got off, realize two kinds of basic functions that bacterium is given simultaneously.
At present, the compoiste fertilizer that many other enterprises produce all is organic and inorganic mixing to a great extent, and uniformity coefficient is difficult to realize that fertilizer efficiency can't improve; The way that has also adopted hydrolysis that has, but backward in technique, fertility runs off serious and is unfavorable for promoting and produces.
In a word, the method and apparatus that utilizes solid waste to make compound manure does not at present still have perfect, does not particularly have the equipment of this composite fertilizer of complete production.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind ofly can carry out resource utilization, harmless treatment with feces of livestock and poultry, mud, municipal wastes solid waste, the method and apparatus of producing the three-dimensional integrated compound manure of organic/inorganic/microorganism and making this compound manure, this technical matters and equipment practicality, production efficiency height, constant product quality.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of manufacture method of composite fertilizer, its characteristics are, comprise the steps: at least
A, to the organic solid castoff pre-treatment of fermenting;
B, with unclassified stores carry out batch mixes;
C, carry out puffing;
D, spray bacterium, face powder, dressing, whole grain;
E, drying, cooling;
F, finished product.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, its characteristics are that described fermentation preprocessing process comprises: to described organic solid castoff carry out modified, pave, oxygenic aeration, turn, the back digest process.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, its characteristics are, also add some auxiliary materials that contain the charcoal composition and micropopulation in organic solid castoff organic solid castoff is carried out fermentative processing.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, its characteristics are: also comprise in the described modified process adding the bacterium process.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, its characteristics are: described unclassified stores can be meat meal tankage, dregs of beans, wilkinite, pine needle powder, potash fertilizer or urea wherein any one, perhaps its arbitrary combination.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, its characteristics are, also comprise screening process respectively after carrying out puffing and after spraying bacterium, face powder, dressing, whole grain.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, its characteristics are, described puffing process is meant carries out the instantaneous puffing process of high temperature with mixture, make mixture in Builking cavity, be subjected to instantaneous friction, shearing, rubbing, high temperature, high pressure effect, make the inorganic fertilizer gelatinization, thereby organic fertilizer and mineral manure are merged fully.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, its characteristics are that the whole grain of described spray bacterium face powder process is to utilize spraying equipment that bacterium liquid is sprayed on the puffed granule surface, carries out shaping and dressing again, and the particle after the shaping is ellipse or ball shape.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, its characteristics are that in described modified process, moisture remains on 50-65%, and carbon-nitrogen rate is 20-30: 1, add the biological bacteria of quick degradation of organic substances and fiber simultaneously; Described batching, mixing process water ratio remain on 18-24%; Described swelling temperature is 80-110 ℃, about 30 seconds of expanded time.
In order to finish above-mentioned purpose better, the present invention also provides a kind of producing apparatus of composite fertilizer, is made up of pre-processing device before the solid waste and subsequent processing device, and its characteristics are
Pre-processing device comprises before described: a shop dung-cart, be used to receive the solid waste after the modifier treatment and be sent to spreading behind the fermenter appropriate location, and one the fermentation stirrer, be used for the solid waste in the fermenter is carried out turning, stirs the companion, moved so that fermented product is loose, oxygen level increases, accelerate fermentative degradation; Described subsequent processing device comprises at least: batching whipping appts, expanding apparatus, refrigerating unit, sorting equipment, whole grain device, drying unit; Described batching whipping appts and described expanding apparatus link, after the mixture after the puffing passes through described refrigerating unit, sorting equipment, whole grain device successively, at last by making finished product after the drying unit oven dry cooling.
The producing apparatus of above-mentioned composite fertilizer, its characteristics are: described subsequent processing device also comprises the quantitative packing apparatus of an electronics, is used for described finished product are claimed to carry out quantitative package by electronic packaging.
The producing apparatus of above-mentioned composite fertilizer, its characteristics are: described expanding apparatus is a wet-process puffing machine, described wet-process puffing machine is used for described mixture is processed into the soft puffed granule with microvoid structure.
The producing apparatus of above-mentioned composite fertilizer, its characteristics are: described drying unit is a kind of compound circle vibrations drying machine, and described drying machine is formed main body by the multi-layer helical ring-shaped orifice plate, and vibrating motor is equipped with in the bottom, and is supported on the frame by spring; Material along the spiral ring orifice plate under move downward, hot blast sees through described orifice plate from bottom to top successively and passes each layer material, makes drying materials.
The present invention is a goal of the invention also, it is a kind of compound manure made from above-mentioned method and apparatus, by fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and the microbial bacteria three-dimensional compoiste fertilizer that is composited, its characteristics are, described three-dimensional compoiste fertilizer is that the pure fertilizer that is undertaken obtaining after the fermentative processing by adding microorganism species in organic solid waste in advance mixes with mineral manure, form through expanded, spray bacterium, face powder, dressing, whole grain, described three-dimensional compoiste fertilizer is the three-dimensional integrated foam sponge body particulate state outer coatings fertilizer of organic/inorganic/microorganism again.Aforesaid method and equipment are produced the three-dimensional composite fertilizer of organic/inorganic/microorganism efficiently by the processing to organic solid wastes such as feces of livestock and poultry, mud, realize innoxious, resource utilization.At first in organic waste, add suitable additive and microorganism species, to the organic waste pre-treatment of fermenting, organic further biological degradation, moisture remains on about 20%.Adopt hot spray technique then, change urea and other organic physicochemical property, realize that inorganics combines with organic, the fertilizer intermediate of this moment is very loose.On this basis fertilizer is inoculated profitable strain, face powder (adding the required nutrient of follow-up inoculation flora survival), adopt film-coating technique at last, the nutrient that organic and inorganic, microorganism species and flora existence is required etc. is bundled into one by one independently living space, realize combining of inorganic/fertilizer and bio-bacterial manure, finally obtain three-dimensional efficiently compound manure.
Description of drawings Fig. 1 is that manufacture method schema Fig. 2 of three-dimensional compound manure shown in the present is that to produce fertilizer pre-treating technology layout of equipment Fig. 3 be that to produce fertilizer subsequent treatment process layout of equipment Fig. 4 be that employed shop dung-cart synoptic diagram Fig. 5 is that employed fermentation stirrer synoptic diagram Fig. 6 is that employed bulking machine synoptic diagram Fig. 7 is the side-view of Fig. 6 among Fig. 3 among Fig. 2 among Fig. 2 to solid waste shown in the present to solid waste shown in the present
Embodiment
Further specify embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
In Fig. 1,2,3, the embodiment of a kind of three-dimensional composite fertilizer producing process of the present invention and equipment is made up of following steps: modified process:
Fresh solid waste is carried out modified, guarantees to possess the necessary condition of fermentation, moisture, carbon ammonia ratio, moisture generally about 50-65%, carbon-nitrogen rate 20～30: 1.Add simultaneously and contain the microbial bacteria of the auxiliary material of charcoal composition with quick degradation of organic substances and fiber.This auxiliary material comprises some paving processes:
As shown in Figure 2, shop dung-cart 11 is walked on the track 14 at fermenter 18 two ends.Ingress in the workshop, promptly fermenter 18 send that the sending and receiving of excrement termination come finish modified back solid waste (raw material input), be sent to the suitable position of fermenter 18 spreading then, the spreading that can stop also can be with walking with spreading.2 * 0.75 kilowatts of the supporting power of shop dung-cart 11,6 cubic metres of the useful volumes of shop dustpan, 0 ° ~ 180 ° of the rotation angle scopes of shop dustpan.0 ℃-50 ℃ of suitable environment temperature; Turn process:
Major equipment is a fermentation stirrer 12, is made up of stirring system and oil cylinder lifting system two parts; The stirrer 12 that ferments is walked on the track 14 of fermenter 18, and the big material toggling axle of stirring system rotates simultaneously, and the solid waste in the fermenter 18 are carried out turning, stirring, moved so that, oxygen level increase loose by fermented product promotes quick fermentation; In whipping process, adjusted the temperature of fermented product, promoted its moisture evaporation, reached rapid fermentative degradation, the purpose of decrement.In addition, turn over by stirring and to move, fermented product is moved to discharge port from feeding mouth, treat that fermenting process finishes, material moves to discharge port by feeding mouth, is beneficial to next procedure and carries out.Stirring stops when fermentation stirrer 12 moves to the terminal point of a groove, and the oil cylinder lifting system starts, and the stirrer 12 big material toggling axles that will ferment rise, and the beginning rollback is waited for the stirring of next groove.Blending process: utilize feeding device 21 that the material lifting is entered feed proportioning system 22 and prepare burden, mainly be to require each material of metering according to prescription, by the predetermined requirement of signal output control batching of pressure transmitter, to have solved the susceptible to plugging problem of screw feed.Additional unclassified stores can be selected meat meal tankage, dregs of beans, wilkinite, pine needle powder, potash fertilizer or urea etc., and mainly being increases some inorganic fertilizers, forms compound manure.
Mixing process:
The material for preparing is transported to whipping appts 23 by the material loading lift mixes, purpose is even the mixing of materials of different ratios.Major equipment is the double-shaft horizontal stirrer, mainly is made up of lifting, stirring, discharging three parts.Each only the stirring needs 1～3 minute, and mixture homogeneity reaches more than 90%.Material finally keeps water ratio 18-24%.
Puffing process:
Undertaken expanded by wet-process puffing machine 24.Swelling temperature 80-110 ℃, the time is approximately about 30 seconds kinds, has realized that the form of organic-inorganic thing changes, and makes it to have reached fully and merges, because the time is shorter, is unlikely to cause organism to decompose.The TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE of utilizing expanded generation is simultaneously killed the germ in the former fertilizer and is not destroyed wherein nutrient; Utilize the granulation principle in the puffing technique, the flash evaporation of moisture makes in the fertilizer combining closely between organic matter weaken during expanded granulation, and the fluffy one-tenth vesicular of fertilizer more helps action of microorganisms, thereby fertilizer efficiency is improved.Ingredient requirement: property during 18-22%.
Instantaneous expanded through high temperature, material is subjected to instantaneous friction, shearing, rubbing, high temperature, high pressure effect and makes the urea gelatinization in Builking cavity, inorganic nitrogen changes the special-shaped attitude, thereby having reached organic-inorganic merges fully, when the spraying of back, can make bacterial classification avoid the interference of assorted bacterium, be able to healthy growth, also be beneficial to the microbiological degradation utilization in the soil.The expanded mineral element of interpolation and the carrier of making combines closely.When using general fertilizer, mineral element easily runs off with rainwater, and by after the expanded granulation, mineral element is fixed on the carrier, just is released when having only the microbial process in running into root system of plant soil, thereby has improved the utilization ratio of mineral element.
Compare with traditional granulation, material slaking after expanding processing, softening, it is much easier to make particle, and the wearing and tearing of mould are reduced greatly, has improved the granulation operating mode, expanded simultaneously, granulate integratedly, has both reduced facility investment, has reduced again that the place takies and energy consumption.In addition, what make is grit, and expanded granulation gained is the soft particle with microvoid structure, is beneficial to microbial survival and growth.When fertilizer was extruded cutting forming by high pressure, because cooling makes its surface compressed, the particle otch formed smooth curved surface simultaneously, and the particle shape subglobular just can well adapt with existing fertilizing equipment through round as a ball finishing again.
By expanded High Temperature High Pressure, the germ in the material fertilizer is killed, and some growth supressors are passivated, spray specific bacterial classification after, contain needed viable count in the time of can guaranteeing to apply fertilizer in the fertilizer.These profitable strains enter into root system of plant soil, work with soil microorganisms one, the quantity and the activity of root system profitable strain have been increased, can quicken the release of nutrient in the fertilizer and fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing process, promote the root system of plant development, thereby reach the best effect that increasing crop yield is increased income.Simultaneously,, increase soil aggregate, thereby make it loose, prevent to harden, acidifying, help water conservation, protect fertile, ventilation because organic existence in these microorganisms and the fertilizer can improve soil physical property.
The variation of the plain form of N in the puffing process; The preparation process of this fertilizer is earlier that various mixing of materials are even, is delivered into the warm ejector group with urea gelatinization and expanded with the urea carrier with being incubated double-deck steam regulation of texture, conditioning of texture gas, and temperature is 80-110 ℃, and the time is about 30 seconds kinds.Because puffing process mainly is a physical process, and the time is shorter, is unlikely to organism, phosphoric acid salt and nitrate and decomposes; And urea is an organic molecular species, can be condensed into biuret when high 50 ℃ of temperature, is higher than 135 ℃ and makes decomposition reaction promptly takes place.Biuret is a kind of to the deleterious material of plant, and strict restriction (less than 0.5%) is arranged in nitrogenous fertilizer
It is 0.0249% that Biuret Content in this three-dimensional fertilizer is advanced, and country is to surpass 0.5% to the content standard of one-level urea biuret at present, and this fertilizer is worth far below this, urea is described in puffing process, does not form biuret in a large number.
Owing to having adopted puffing technique, expanded in the method by the TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE highly compressed, make the gelatinization of the quick-acting nitrogen of interpolation such as urea, change its form, thereby reached the fusion fully of organic-inorganic, make two-dimentional compound being achieved truly.Screening process:
Through expanded material by air draught refrigerating unit 25 after, carry out the gradation sizing process.After material entered sieve apparatus 26 during work, macrobead was at first screened out, and finished product and small-particle enter second layer screening, and finished product enters next process by the finished product discharge port, and macrobead is returned by the small-particle discharge hole for discharge.Spray bacterium, face powder, dressing, whole grain, screening process:
By whole grain device 27, need divide and the ratio mediation on demand of bacterium liquid at the organic oxygen that adds various, utilization is shootd out equipment and is sprayed at the puffed granule surface, carries out shaping and dressing, screening afterwards.Spraying temperature is about 50 ℃, and material is ellipse or round granular.45～80 ℃ of temperature of charge.
Having adopted the face powder agglomeration technique in this method, is the cavernous body of puffy by the material after expanded, and humidity has the required space of the microbial survival of being beneficial to about 15%.Utilize spraying equipment, microorganism uniformly sprayed in this material, can avoid the expanded inefficacy that the thermo-sensitivity bacterial classification is caused effectively, spray specific bacterial classification simultaneously after, contain needed viable count in the time of can guaranteeing to apply fertilizer in the fertilizer.These profitable strains can be avoided assorted bacterium interference after entering into root system of plant soil, are able to healthy growth, also are beneficial to the microbiological degradation utilization in the soil, have therefore improved fertilizer efficiency.By the rotary drum granulator granulation, this prilling process does not have other negative impacts to material then, and the combination that is more conducive to microorganism and organic-inorganic simultaneously merges.Thereby realize the compound of the three-dimensional fertilizer of organic-inorganic microorganism.
Also adopted coating/packaging technique in this method, film-coating technique is the puffed granule dressing with the sprayed biological bacterium, puffed granule is different with general granulated pellet, puffed granule self is a vesicular cavernous body particle, when biological bacteria sprays on the particle, biological bacteria just enters into each bulk hole of particulate, this moment, the particle water ratio was about 15%, wrap a skim equably in the puffed granule outside, this film is made through exotic materials, can keep the moisture loss in the particle very slow when depositing, avoid other objectionable impuritiess to infect profitable strain simultaneously.In the time of in fertilizer is executed ground, this film disintegration rapidly discharges biological flora, organic matter and nutrient.By implementing this technology, can favourablely avoid back spray flora because long-term storage and dead problem, prolonged the staging life of bio-organic fertilizer.In addition, the particle through the dressing rounding can well adapt with existing fertilizer machinery.Existing fertilizer machinery blanking port is the regular circular opening basically, and the particle that conventional nodulizer makes is because burrs at two ends often causes the blanking inequality, and spheroidal particle can effectively address this problem.Defecation wheel shape and dimensional structure design with the little round shaped grain of chemical fertilizer, and the strong particle of post that existing nodulizer is obtained is not suitable for.In addition, the specific surface area of spheroidal particle is little, packs more save space, more convenient transportation.
Dry process of cooling:
Major equipment is compound circle vibrations drying machine 28: form main body by the multi-layer helical ring-shaped orifice plate, vibrating motor is equipped with in the bottom, is supported on the frame with spring.Utilize the exciting of vibrating motor, make material along the spiral ring orifice plate from the upper strata to lower floor's movement continuously, hot blast sees through orifice plate from bottom to top successively by each layer material, makes drying materials.Wind-warm syndrome is less than 60 ℃, and drying is cooled to product water ratio 18%.
The quantitative package process:
Major equipment is the quantitative packing apparatus 29 of electronics, it be a kind of mechanical, electrical, pneumatic combine weigh automatically, packing, sealing equipment.Dry good material belongs to finished product, is transported to the electronics packaging scale through chapelet, pack, but implementation specification is 25～50kg/ bag the quantitative package of per minute 4～6 bags.
In Fig. 1,2,3,4,5,6, in the embodiments of the invention, the complete production unit of this three-dimensional composite fertilizer mainly by: modified mixing tank 10, shop dung-cart 11, fermentation stirrer 12, move driving 13, fermenter track 14, oxygenating system 15, fermenter 18, feeding device 21, dosing unit 22, whipping appts 23, expanding apparatus 24, air draught refrigerating unit 25, sizing screen 26, whole grain device 27, drying unit 28, the quantitative packing apparatus 29 of electronics and form.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional compoiste fertilizer that utilizes method and apparatus production of the present invention is a kind of multidimensional efficient biological organic complex fertilizer, has high-quality, nutrient content, biological activity height, the abundant characteristics of trace element; In the fertilizer preparation process, added a large amount of quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer such as urea, in lying in of urea and the puffing process,, do not increase the deleterious biuret of plant because the time is short.There is fermentative degradation to a certain degree in this fertilizer when placing naturally, total nitrogen content descends to some extent, and ammonium nitrogen and pin attitude nitrogen content all are growth and become in preceding fortnight; The velocity ratio that the urea that this fertilizer adds decomposes in packing material is important slow many at soil, and the residual quantity behind the fortnight is about 80%, and this is for the volatilization that reduces ammonium and the loss of denitrification, and it is useful making this fertilizer keep higher fertilizer efficiency before using.
The three-dimensional compoiste fertilizer that utilizes the present invention to produce, be the new-type fertilizer that multi-component organic composite fertilizer integrates microbiology, ecology, soil science and Plant Nutrition newest research results, main performance index that should the three-dimensional compoiste fertilizer in following table is as follows:
| Organic (%) | 59.43 | C/p ratio | 13.52 |
| Full nitrogen (%) | 10.56 | ??PH | 7.1 |
| Full phosphorus (%) | 3.55 | Biuret N (%) | 0.0249 |
| Full potassium (%) | 5.77 | Full dose moisture content (%) | 28.01 |
| Speed P (mg/kg) | 1882.50 | Free moisture content (%) | 22.30 |
| Speed K (mg/kg) | 34623.70 | FE (effectively mg/kg) | 5524.60 |
| Ammonium nitrogen (%) | 3.01 | Mn (effectively mg/kg) | 192.60 |
| Nitric nitrogen (%) | 1.08 | Zn (effectively mg/kg) | 207.80 |
| Crude protein (%) | 56.28 | Cu (effectively mg/kg) | 55.70 |
| C/N ratio | 3.49 | B (effectively mg/kg) | 775.40 |
This three-dimensional compound organic fertilizer outward appearance is black, moistening puffy particle.Has organic content height (fermenting, organic content is 59.34 after 6 days), total nitrogen content 10.56%, ammonium nitrogen 3.01%, pin attitude nitrogen content 1.08%, nutrient contents such as phosphorus, potassium and trace element also are higher than general fertilizer content far away, have full dose nutrient height, and the fertile characteristic of the confession of this fertilizer is long and short taking into account simultaneously, and the high-content organic matter decomposition can slowly supply fertilizer constantly, and the available nutrient of while high level can be made for thing rapidly again and absorb; Merge bio-fertilizer, fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer advantage, have complementary advantages, embodied that long-acting nutrient combines with available nutrient, macroelement combines with trace element, organic substance combines with inorganic substance, biology combines with fertile biophase.Therefore 1. this biological organic complex fertilizer has three big functions can provide various required nutrients by little steadily in the long term crop, improves crop yield and 2. improves quality of agricultural product, in particular for producing green food; 3. can improve soil organic matter content, the physics of improving the soil, chemistry and biological shape.
Under same experiment condition, mu is executed Russian composite fertilizer and this compoiste fertilizer, and the latter's crop growing state is greater than the former, and the percentage of earbearing tiller also exceeds 3% than the former.Under same experiment condition, mu is executed Russian composite fertilizer and black pearl compoiste fertilizer, does experiment No. 23 with the Shandong wheat, and mean yield increases by 34 kilograms, volume increase 8.7%.Bright at plant height, the fabric width of phase capsicum in the contemporaneously and the numerical table of bearing fruit with different treatment, it is equilibrated and fertilizer efficiency utilization ratio height that this fertilizer is supplied with nutrient, and Vc and crude fat content also will exceed 5-7% simultaneously.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of compound manure, by fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and the microbial bacteria three-dimensional compoiste fertilizer that is composited, it is characterized in that, described three-dimensional compoiste fertilizer is that the pure fertilizer that is undertaken obtaining after the fermentative processing by adding microorganism species in organic solid waste in advance mixes with mineral manure, form through expanded, spray bacterium, face powder, dressing, whole grain, described three-dimensional compoiste fertilizer is the three-dimensional integrated foam sponge body particulate state outer coatings fertilizer of organic/inorganic/microorganism again.
2, a kind of manufacture method of composite fertilizer is characterized in that, comprises the steps: at least
G, to the organic solid castoff pre-treatment of fermenting;
H, with unclassified stores carry out batch mixes;
I, carry out puffing;
J, spray bacterium, face powder, dressing, whole grain;
K, drying, cooling;
L, finished product.
3, manufacture method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described fermentation preprocessing process comprises: to described organic solid castoff carry out modified, pave, oxygenic aeration, turn, the back digest process.
4, manufacture method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: also comprise in the described modified process adding the bacterium process.
5, manufacture method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises screening process respectively after carrying out puffing and after spraying bacterium, face powder, dressing, whole grain.
6, manufacture method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described puffing process is meant carries out the instantaneous puffing process of high temperature with mixture, make mixture in Builking cavity, be subjected to instantaneous friction, shearing, rubbing, high temperature, high pressure effect, make the inorganic fertilizer gelatinization, thereby organic fertilizer and mineral manure are merged fully.
7, manufacture method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the whole grain of described spray bacterium face powder process is to utilize spraying equipment that bacterium liquid is sprayed on the puffed granule surface, carries out shaping and dressing again, and the particle after the shaping is ellipse or ball shape.
8, manufacture method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in described modified process, moisture remains on 50-65%, and carbon-nitrogen rate is 20-30: 1, add the biological bacteria of quick degradation of organic substances and fiber simultaneously; Described batching, mixing process water ratio remain on 18-24%; Described swelling temperature is 80-110 ℃, about 30 seconds of expanded time.
9, a kind of producing apparatus of composite fertilizer is made up of pre-processing device before the solid waste and subsequent processing device, it is characterized in that
Pre-processing device comprises before described: a shop dung-cart, be used to receive the solid waste after the modifier treatment and be sent to spreading behind the fermenter appropriate location, and one the fermentation stirrer, be used for the solid waste in the fermenter is carried out turning, stirs the companion, moved so that fermented product is loose, oxygen level increases, accelerate fermentative degradation; Described subsequent processing device comprises at least: batching whipping appts, expanding apparatus, refrigerating unit, sorting equipment, whole grain device, drying unit; Described batching whipping appts and described expanding apparatus link, after the mixture after the puffing passes through described refrigerating unit, sorting equipment, whole grain device successively, at last by making finished product after the drying unit oven dry cooling.
10, the producing apparatus of the described composite fertilizer of claim 9 is characterized in that: described subsequent processing device also comprises the quantitative packing apparatus of an electronics, is used for described finished product are claimed to carry out quantitative package by electronic packaging.
11, the producing apparatus of the described composite fertilizer of claim 9 is characterized in that: described expanding apparatus is a wet-process puffing machine, and described wet-process puffing machine is used for described mixture is processed into the soft puffed granule with microvoid structure.
12, the producing apparatus of the described composite fertilizer of claim 9, it is characterized in that: described drying unit is a kind of compound circle vibrations drying machine, described drying machine is formed main body by the multi-layer helical ring-shaped orifice plate, and vibrating motor is equipped with in the bottom, and is supported on the frame by spring; Material along the spiral ring orifice plate under move downward, hot blast sees through described orifice plate from bottom to top successively and passes each layer material, makes drying materials.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN101538174A (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-09-23 | 新疆惠森生物技术有限公司 | Method and special bacteria-adding equipment for adding bacteria after preparing bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN102249821A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-11-23 | 王金玲 | Forced air drying bacterium packaging machine for production of granular-type microbial fertilizer |
| CN104262049A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-01-07 | 深圳市田之林农业技术开发有限公司 | Preparation method of biological organic fertilizer |
| CN104276887A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-01-14 | 深圳市田之林农业技术开发有限公司 | Bio-organic chemical fertilizer |
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| CN101538174A (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-09-23 | 新疆惠森生物技术有限公司 | Method and special bacteria-adding equipment for adding bacteria after preparing bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN101538174B (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2013-03-27 | 新疆惠森生物技术有限公司 | Method and special bacteria-adding equipment for adding bacteria after preparing bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN102249821A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-11-23 | 王金玲 | Forced air drying bacterium packaging machine for production of granular-type microbial fertilizer |
| CN102249821B (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2013-11-27 | 王金玲 | Forced air drying bacterium packaging machine for production of granular-type microbial fertilizer |
| CN104262049A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-01-07 | 深圳市田之林农业技术开发有限公司 | Preparation method of biological organic fertilizer |
| CN104276887A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-01-14 | 深圳市田之林农业技术开发有限公司 | Bio-organic chemical fertilizer |
| CN106032541A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-10-19 | 肖栋 | Straw comprehensive utilization and energy recovery technology based on multiple biodegradation |
| CN105481491A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-13 | 福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所 | Full-automatic biofertilizer production system |
| CN107716524A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-02-23 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | It is a kind of that the method for recycling house refuse is cleaned using screw extruder |
| CN107716524B (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2020-08-21 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Method for cleaning and recycling household garbage by using screw extruder |
| CN108490860A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-09-04 | 潍坊富鑫汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of manure fermentation control system |
| CN114409481A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-29 | 安徽科技学院 | Efficient liquid biological organic fertilizer produced by using edible fungus residues and preparation method thereof |
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