CN1239214C - Fire extinguishing apparatus using liquid nitrogen as fire extinguishing agent - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing apparatus using liquid nitrogen as fire extinguishing agent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1239214C CN1239214C CN 03111247 CN03111247A CN1239214C CN 1239214 C CN1239214 C CN 1239214C CN 03111247 CN03111247 CN 03111247 CN 03111247 A CN03111247 A CN 03111247A CN 1239214 C CN1239214 C CN 1239214C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- extinguishing
- storage tank
- ultralow temperature
- liquid nitrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an extinguishing device which uses liquid nitrogen as an extinguishing agent. A storage tank is composed of a stainless steel inner liner provided with a vacuum jacket outside and an adiabatic outer layer wound by aluminum foil, and is provided with a pressure gauge, a level gauge, an air relief valve and a safety valve. The lower part of the storage tank is provided with a liquid filling valve and a purifying valve; one side is provided with an evaporating device and the other side is provided with a liquid nitrogen applying device. An electric control system is composed of a linkage controller, an extinguishing control plate, a heat sensing detector, an alarm and a CRT monitoring device which are connected by circuits. The control is divided into manual control and automatic control. The liquid nitrogen applying device is formed by assembling an electric self-control valve, an ultralow temperature liquid pump, an adiabatic pipe and a nozzle. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, no toxic harm, no conduction, quick and valid fire-extinguishing and no traces because of the liquid nitrogen as the extinguishing agent. The extinguishing device is suitable for preserving valuable cultural relics, archives, books and instruments and for fire-extinguishing in inflammable explosive occasions and military, confidential or important departments. The device can also be arranged in buildings, vehicles, ships, naval vessels and airports.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire fighting extinguisher, particularly is the design and the manufacturing technology field of the fire fighting extinguisher of extinguishing chemical with the liquid nitrogen.
Background technology
Mainly contain portable and fixed in the existing extinguishing device.Movable type has water tender, fire-fighting foams car; Fixed mainly is important events fire hydrant that nitrogen pipeline formula automatic control fire extinguishing system, general occasion are arranged etc.The chemical fire extinguisher that also has hand-held foam fire extinguisher and its kind to differ in addition.Water is most widely used in the used extinguishing chemical.But hydrocarbon is on fire to fire-fight by water not all rightly, because of its proportion is lighter than water and water insoluble, always burns on the water surface when on fire.The chemical material is on fire effective with foam fire-fighting.But at special occasions, as the place of depositing archives, document, books, painting and calligraphy, valuables, will pollute even damage these article with fire foam.The hand-held fire extinguisher is little because of its volume, the extinguishing chemical of adorning few, can only be used to the part of going out, as the little fire in places such as kitchen fire.
In a word, existing extinguishing device uses history very long, is of wide application, and is also very suitable.But be used for special occasions, as deposit archives, document, historical relic, books, painting and calligraphy, the different defective of degree is all deposited in the occasion of valuables and relevant organizational fire extinguishing.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of is the extinguishing device of extinguishing chemical with the liquid nitrogen.Its technical scheme is:
With the liquid nitrogen is the extinguishing device (hereinafter to be referred as extinguishing device) of extinguishing chemical, is made up of extinguishing chemical storage tank (hereinafter to be referred as storage tank), evaporimeter, ultralow temperature liquid pump, electric auto-control valve sets, adiabatic pipeline and nozzle.Storage tank is by ultralow temperature stainless steel inner container and adiabatic outer composition the cylindrical, the outer tool vacuum jacket of arch end socket.Storage tank is equipped with Pressure gauge, liquid level meter, safety valve, atmospheric valve.Prefill valve is equipped with at storage tank lower central position.Storage tank bottom one side is equipped with evaporimeter, and liquid nitrogen pipe is passed through by evaporimeter.The effect of evaporimeter is, starts evaporimeter in the fire extinguishing operation, makes that a small amount of liquid nitrogen stream is gasificated into nitrogen in the storage tank behind evaporimeter, enters storage tank top and forms certain pressure in making jar.Its homonymy is also adorned one and is purified valve, as clear jar of nitrogen outlet valve before the topping up nitrogen first.Storage tank bottom opposite side constitutes liquid nitrogen dispensing mechanism by the valve, ultralow temperature liquid pump, heat-insulated pipe and the nozzle that are connected on the topping up pipe.Need bending or movable part to adopt metal hose in the adiabatic pipeline.Used valve all is the electric auto-control valve in this device.Ultralow temperature liquid pump must reach following technical indicator:
Medium temperature :-196 ℃
Inlet pressure: 0.2～0.65MPa
Outlet pressure: 1.0～1.45MPa
Yang Cheng H=80 rice
The pre-cool time of system≤15 seconds
Nozzle be single flow, turbulent flow type, fountain, revolving one or more.
Extinguishing device connects with electronic control system through lead.Electronic control system comprises linkage controller, fire extinguishing control panel, heat detector, smoke detector and alarm.The linkage controller signal receiving device is connected by circuit with heat detector, smoke detector and alarm, the control output circuit of linkage controller links to each other with the fire extinguishing control panel, and the fire extinguishing control panel is controlled the motor and the evaporimeter liquid flowing valve of related valve, ultra-low temperature pump through circuit.
Six motor: D of electronic control system
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5, and D
WBe connected with the ultra-low temperature pump motor with five valves respectively through circuit.D wherein
1Be connected with the evaporator inlet valve; D
2Be connected with ultralow temperature liquid pump intake valve; D
3Be connected with ultralow temperature liquid pump discharge pipe atmospheric valve; D
4, D
5Be connected with removing the protection zone by-pass valve; D
WBe connected with the ultralow temperature liquid pump motor.The switch of each valve is finished by positive and negative the transferring of company motor.After valve wide open, the full cut-off, limit switch is arranged all, make the motor stall.
Control system is divided manually and control automatically:
Manually control meets each power switch Q
C, Q
DWhen change-over switch SA was positioned at manual position, system was in the manual work state.
Automatically control, when change-over switch SA was positioned at automated location, system promptly was in automatic control state.
Extinguishing device can be installed in the building, on car, ship, the warship and airport.
The using method of extinguishing device is: when breaking out of fire, open the closing valve that has in the valve sets, start evaporimeter.Evaporimeter is started working, and makes to keep needed malleation in the storage tank, starts ultralow temperature liquid pump simultaneously, with liquid nitrogen in the jar through heat-insulated pipe, nozzle to scene of fire tapping nitrogen.Because of the valve sets of automatic control system adopts the electric auto-control valve, therefore when in the protection zone during breaking out of fire smoke detector, heat detector give linkage controller with the signal that collects respectively.After linkage controller is confirmed as fire, just send instruction to extinguishing chemical control panel, siren.Siren is reported to the police, fire extinguishing control panel executable operations.Its operation sequence is: open the closing valve that has in the valve sets, start evaporimeter, start ultralow temperature liquid pump, the liquid nitrogen in the storage tank is discharged to the scene of fire through heat-insulated pipe, nozzle, the extinguishing chemical liquid nitrogen sharply reduces oxygen content in fire scene temperature and the air rapidly, and fire is extinguished.
Advantage of the present invention is: simple in structure, reliable in function, easy and simple to handle.Used extinguishing chemical is that liquid nitrogen is nontoxic, non-conductive, fire extinguishing is rapid, leaves no trace, and is applicable to the place of relative closures such as depositing document, historical relic, archives, valuables in.Be particularly useful for the fire extinguishing of protection zones such as inflammable and explosive place, airport, harbour such as large-scale oil depot, military installations, military warship, ship, Hazardous Chemical Substances storehouse, ammunition depot.
Description of drawings: Fig. 1 structural representation, Fig. 2 are that control program block diagram, Fig. 3 are that control system circuit diagram, Fig. 4 are pump, valve circuit diagram
Among the figure, 1-storage tank, 2-1-evaporimeter 14 inlet valves; 2-2-ultra-low temperature pump inlet valve, 2-3-pump atmospheric valve, 2-4-flow divider; 2-5-flow divider, 3-ultralow temperature liquid pump, 4-heat-insulated pipe; 5-nozzle, 6-linkage controller, 7-fire extinguishing control panel; 8-heat detector, 9-smoke detector, 10-alarm; 11-feed tube, 12-nitrogen tube, 13-blow-down pipe; 14-evaporimeter, 15-topping up valve, 16-purification valve; 17-Pressure gauge, 18-liquid level gauge, 19-safety valve; 20-CRT display system; 21-circuit, BHQ-protection zone, ZK-vacuum interface
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, extinguishing device is by storage tank 1, evaporimeter 14, ultralow temperature liquid pump 3, evaporator inlet valve 2-1, pump intake valve 2-2, atmospheric valve 2-3, flow divider 2-4, flow divider 2-5, and heat-insulated pipe 4 and nozzle 5 are formed.Storage tank 1 twines its outer adiabatic outer composition by the stainless steel inner container of a cylindrical tank, the outer tool vacuum jacket of arch end socket with the aluminium pool.Storage tank 1 is withstand voltage to be 0.8Mpa, and electro connecting pressure gauge 17, liquid level gauge 18, safety valve 19, blow-down pipe 13 are installed on it.The bottom is equipped with topping up valve 15, purifies valve 16.Storage tank 1 one sides are equipped with evaporimeter 14, and evaporimeter 14 is communicated with storage tank 1 through feed tube 11 and nitrogen tube 12.Storage tank 1 opposite side bottom is communicated with ultralow temperature liquid pump 3 through ultralow temperature liquid pump 3 inlet valve 2-2, and ultralow temperature liquid pump 3 is connected with nozzle 5 through heat-insulated pipe 4, constitutes liquid nitrogen dispensing mechanism.Ultralow temperature liquid pump 3 low temperature resistant-196 ℃, constant voltage are not leaked.Nozzle 5 can be selected single flow, turbulent flow type, fountain or rotary as required for use.Need bending or movable part to adopt metal hose in heat-insulated pipe 4 pipelines.
Extinguishing device links to each other with automatic control system (structure is shown in Fig. 2,3,4), and hierarchy of control turnkey is drawn together linkage controller 6, fire extinguishing control panel 7, heat detector 8, smoke detector 9 and alarm 10 automatically.Linkage controller 6 signal receiving devices are linked to each other by circuit 21 with heat detector 8, smoke detector 9 and alarm 10, and the control output of linkage controller 6 is connected with fire extinguishing control panel 7; Fire extinguishing control panel 7 is through circuit 21 and electric auto-control valve: pump intake valve 2-2, atmospheric valve 2-3, flow divider 2-4, flow divider 2-5, the motor of ultralow temperature liquid pump 3, evaporator inlet valve 2-1 are connected.Simultaneously, can also dispose color CRT display system 20.
Six motor D of control system
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5, and D
WBy circuit and evaporator inlet valve 2-1, pump intake valve 2-2, atmospheric valve 2-3 goes the motor of protection zone two flow divider 2-4,2-5, pump to link to each other respectively.
In the storage tank 1 liquid nitrogen is housed, as extinguishing chemical.Storage tank 1 often keeps the liquid nitrogen of enough amounts, and its pressure is 0.2～0.65Mpa, and liquid nitrogen can not leak in jar, but behind the absorbing environmental heat, has a small amount of liquid nitrogen gasification, and a jar internal pressure is increased.When pressure reached setting, safety valve 19 started, and part nitrogen is discharged, and closes when pressure returns to normal value.This part liquid nitrogen of loss can regularly replenish in storage tank 1 by topping up valve 15, can be interrupted open and close blow-down pipe 13 during fluid infusion.
When in the BHQ of protection zone during breaking out of fire, can open evaporator inlet valve 2-1 automatically or with manual mode, start evaporimeter 14, start working, make and keep required pressure in the storage tank 1; Start 3 work of ultralow temperature liquid pump, extinguishing chemical is discharged to the scene of fire through heat-insulated pipe 4, nozzle 5 from storage tank 1.Simultaneously, because this extinguishing device is connected with automatic control system, therefore also can realize self-extinguishing, its fire extinguishing procedure is as follows: in case breaking out of fire, heat detector 8, smoke detector 9 is given linkage controller 6 with the signal that collects respectively, after linkage controller 6 is confirmed as fire, to fire extinguishing control panel 7, siren 10 sends instruction, siren 10 is reported to the police, fire extinguishing control panel 7 executable operations are opened evaporator inlet valve 2-1, pump intake valve 2-2, atmospheric valve 2-3, flow divider 2-4 or flow divider 2-5 start evaporimeter 14, start ultralow temperature liquid pump 3, with the extinguishing chemical liquid nitrogen in the storage tank 1 through heat-insulated pipe 4, nozzle 5 discharges to the scene of a fire.
Claims (5)
1, with the liquid nitrogen is the extinguishing device of extinguishing chemical, forms, it is characterized in that liquid nitrogen storage tank (1) for having circle shape tank body, the stainless steel inner container of the outer tool vacuum jacket of arch end socket and twine its outer adiabatic outer composition by aluminium foil by storage tank, pipeline and valve.Electro connecting pressure gauge (17) is housed on the storage tank (1), liquid level meter (18), atmospheric valve (13) safety valve (19), topping up pipe and topping up valve (15) are equipped with in storage tank (1) lower central position, the one side is equipped with successively and purifies valve (16), with by feed tube (11), evaporator inlet valve (2-1), the evaporation mechanism that the nitrogen tube (12) that evaporimeter (14) and upper end are communicated with storage tank (1) is formed, the opposite side of topping up valve (15) topping up pipe is equipped with ultralow temperature liquid pump (3) inlet valve (2-2) that is connected in parallel on the topping up pipe, ultralow temperature liquid pump (3), the liquid nitrogen dispensing mechanism that heat-insulated pipe (4) ultralow temperature liquid pump emptying valve (2-3) and nozzle (5) connect to form successively.
Extinguishing device has automatic control system; comprise linkage controller (6); fire extinguishing control panel (7); heat detector (8); smoke detector (9) and alarm (10) and CRT display system (20); each one is connected by circuit (21) therebetween; the receiving system of linkage controller (6) and fire extinguishing control panel (7); heat detector (8); smoke detector (9) is connected by circuit (21); the output circuit of linkage controller (6) is connected with fire extinguishing control panel (7), and fire extinguishing control panel (7) is through circuit (21) and evaporator inlet valve (2-1); pump intake valve (2-2); atmospheric valve (2-3) and remove protection zone flow divider (2-4); flow divider (2-5); the motor of ultralow temperature liquid pump (3) connects.
2,, it is characterized in that the technical indicator of ultralow temperature liquid pump (3) is as follows according to claims 1 described extinguishing device:
Medium temperature :-196 ℃
Inlet pressure: 0.2～0.65Mpa
Outlet pressure: 1.0～1.45Mpa
Lift: H=80 rice
The pre-cool time of system :≤15 seconds
3, extinguishing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that evaporator inlet valve (2-1), pump intake valve (2-2), atmospheric valve (2-3), flow divider (2-4), flow divider (2-5), is the electric auto-control valve.
4, extinguishing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that nozzle (5) is single flow, turbulent flow type, fountain, among rotary one or more.
5,, it is characterized in that six motor D in the control system according to the described extinguishing device of claim 1
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5, and D
WBe connected with following valve, motor respectively through circuit:
D
1With evaporator inlet valve (2-1)
D
2With ultralow temperature liquid pump intake valve (2-2)
D
3With ultralow temperature liquid pump atmospheric valve (2-3)
D
4With remove protection zone flow divider (2-4)
D
5With remove protection zone flow divider (2-5)
D
WBe connected with the motor of ultralow temperature liquid pump (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03111247 CN1239214C (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2003-03-20 | Fire extinguishing apparatus using liquid nitrogen as fire extinguishing agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03111247 CN1239214C (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2003-03-20 | Fire extinguishing apparatus using liquid nitrogen as fire extinguishing agent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1454685A CN1454685A (en) | 2003-11-12 |
| CN1239214C true CN1239214C (en) | 2006-02-01 |
Family
ID=29259926
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03111247 Expired - Fee Related CN1239214C (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2003-03-20 | Fire extinguishing apparatus using liquid nitrogen as fire extinguishing agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1239214C (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100339636C (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-09-26 | 姜华 | Design and manufacture of storage tank for liquefied nitrogen explosion-proof agent for preventing gas explosion |
| CN1927424B (en) * | 2006-10-17 | 2010-05-12 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Fixed expanded graphite fire extinguishing device |
| CN101301516B (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2011-06-01 | 北京海安高科消防技术有限公司 | Nitrogen sprayer head |
| CN202086984U (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2011-12-28 | 中国北车集团大同电力机车有限责任公司 | Automatic self-extinguishing device of motor vehicles |
| CN102562125B (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2013-10-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Ground direct injection type liquid nitrogen fire preventing and extinguishing system |
| CN103961827B (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2016-08-31 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Coal-burning power plant's fire retardant spray system and control method thereof |
| CN109381832B (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2023-09-01 | 南京消防器材股份有限公司 | Low-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system |
| WO2020123349A1 (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-06-18 | Carrier Corporation | Adjustable liquid level indicators |
| CN110071009B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2024-08-09 | 华翔翔能科技股份有限公司 | Vacuum circuit breaker capable of breaking alarm according to voltage and temperature |
| CN111821615A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-27 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | A liquid nitrogen-based fire extinguishing and cooling system for a prefabricated cabin electrochemical energy storage station |
| CN111803826B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-09-24 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of integrated pipe gallery mobile liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing system and fire extinguishing method |
| CN112657097A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-04-16 | 姜华 | Fire-fighting and fire-extinguishing vehicle using liquid nitrogen as fire extinguishing agent |
| CN113058187A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-02 | 姜华 | A kind of fire extinguishing and explosion-proof equipment using liquid nitrogen as fire extinguishing agent |
-
2003
- 2003-03-20 CN CN 03111247 patent/CN1239214C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1454685A (en) | 2003-11-12 |
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Addressee: Jiang Hua Document name: Notification of Termination of Patent Right |
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Granted publication date: 20060201 |