CN1222331C - Composition for generating gaseous fire extinguishing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for generating a gaseous fire-extinguishing agent, which is prepared from an oxidizing agent, fuel, a performance additive agent and adhesive, wherein the oxidizing agent is strontium nitrate, or the mixture of the strontium nitrate and one or several of potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and barium nitrate; the fuel is one or the mixture of several of substances, comprising guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, sucrose, pentaamino tetrazole, etc.; the performance additive agent is one or the mixture of several of aluminium powder, magnesium powder and carbon powder; and the adhesive agent is one or the mixture of phenolic resin and shellac. The composition generates a chemical reaction by the initiation of currents to generate a gaseous fire-extinguishing agent, and the gaseous fire-extinguishing agent has the advantages of high fire-extinguishing efficiency, no harm to people and livestock, no harm to atmospheric ozone layers, no generation of greenhouse effect and no secondary damage to precision instruments, comprising computers, communication equipment, etc.

Description

Composition for producing gaseous fire extinguishing agent

(1) Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fire protection, and relates to a chemical composition for producing a gaseous fire extinguishing agent, in particular to a gaseous fire extinguishing agent that can be used in a closed space to extinguish fire in a fully submerged manner, which is safe for people and the environment and has no damage to the equipment to be protected. chemical composition.

(2) Technical background

Because traditionally used "halon" gaseous fire extinguishing agents such as 1301 and 1211 have serious damage to the atmospheric ozone layer, since the 1980s, countries all over the world have been studying new fire extinguishing agents that can replace "halon". Among them, the technology of producing gaseous fire extinguishing agent on site by oxidation-reduction reaction with various chemical compositions has been developed rapidly. The fire extinguishing efficiency of this type of fire extinguishing agent is higher than that of "halon", which is ecologically safe, and the fire extinguishing system produced by this technology has the characteristics of low cost, convenient installation and storage, etc. Aerosol-forming composition and its preparation method", 99107850.0 "New aerosol fire extinguishing agent", 998III984.9 "Fire extinguishing aerosol forming material".

Potassium nitrate or barium nitrate is used in a large number as oxidizing agent in the composition described in the above-mentioned document, because potassium nitrate is used as oxidizing agent because its decomposition product potassium oxide melting point is low, and has strong hygroscopicity, it is easy to diffuse in a large amount when extinguishing a fire. Space, when attached to the surface of electrical components, can form a corrosive conductive liquid film, which can easily cause damage to electrical components, so it is not safe for electrical equipment applications. Using barium nitrate as an oxidizing agent can easily cause personnel poisoning during the processing and use of the composition, because barium compounds, like lead compounds, are heavy metal compounds that can cause precipitation poisoning in the human body.

(3) Contents of the present invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of chemical composition that produces gaseous fire extinguishing agent with reasonable composition, improve fire extinguishing efficiency, can make the gaseous fire extinguishing agent produced by the chemical reaction of the composition during processing and by electric current be harmful to people and The environment is safe, and it will not damage electrical appliances, precision instruments and other equipment, and it can effectively extinguish fire in a confined space with full submersion.

Embodiments of the present invention select strontium nitrate instead of potassium nitrate and barium nitrate as the main oxidant, and the melting point of the solid phase decomposition product of strontium nitrate is nearly twice higher than that of potassium nitrate. In this way, its diffusion amount in the fire extinguishing gas is very small, and the particle size is also small, so there is almost no attachment at the fire extinguishing site, and it will not form a corrosive conductive liquid film on the surface of the electrical appliance, and it also avoids the existence of barium salts. problem of heavy metal poisoning. Because the reactivity of strontium nitrate is poorer than potassium nitrate, barium nitrate, etc., in the selection of fuel (reducing agent) in the composition, the present invention has selected guanidine nitrate and nitro nitrate with stronger reactivity than dicyandiamide and melamine. Guanidine, sucrose and pentaaminotetrazole, etc., and this type of fuel releases a large amount of nitrogen after the reaction, which is more beneficial for fire extinguishing.

In the mixture, the weight percentage of strontium nitrate accounts for 30% to 70%. If the content of strontium nitrate is lower than 30%, the mixture will be difficult to maintain the necessary chemical reaction. If it is higher than 70%, it is difficult to guarantee the fire extinguishing performance of the product. . Strontium nitrate can also be partially replaced by one or several (2-3 types) of potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, and barium nitrate to form a mixed oxidant. The use of mixed oxidant can further improve the fire extinguishing performance and overcome the single Damage to equipment, toxicity and other problems caused by using potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, and barium nitrate as oxidants. In the mixed oxidant, the weight percentage of strontium nitrate must be kept between 50% and 86%, that is, strontium nitrate:substitute=1～6:1.

The mixture of the present invention can also add performance additives between 0% and 10% by weight, such as aluminum powder, magnesium powder and carbon powder. Adding aluminum powder and magnesium powder is to adjust the reaction process of the mixture Heat, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the reaction speed, so as to meet the requirements of different reaction speeds in the actual application process. The performance additive also includes adding carbon powder. Adding an appropriate amount of carbon powder can make the oxidant decompose more completely, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.

The chemical composition of the present invention contains 1%-15% of binder by weight, the binder is selected from phenolic resin and/or shellac, and the purpose of adding binder is to make the composition easy to process and shape. Phenolic resin and/or shellac is added to the composition in the form of a 5% to 15% alcohol solution.

The advantages and effects of the present invention are in addition to the above, there is also the ability to make the entire chemical composition have high fire extinguishing efficiency during production and use, it is non-toxic to humans and animals, and it avoids damage to the atmospheric ozone layer and greenhouse effect, especially It avoids secondary damage to precision instruments such as computers and communication equipment.

(4) Embodiment

Ten embodiments of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as No) are listed in the table below:

component name                                                             No1 No2 No3 No4 No5 No6 No7 No8 No9 No10 strontium nitrate 67 55 55 55 50 30 35 40 25 60 potassium nitrate 12 8 10 5 8 1 2 ammonium nitrate 7 11 8 15 3 barium nitrate 4 9 10 4 5 Guanidine nitrate 25 15 twenty one 4 20 5 10 5 Nitroguanidine 10 6 10 10 5 20 10

sucrose 14 15 5 10 10 5 pentaaminotetrazole 29 10 20 5 15 5 Aluminum/magnesium powder 2 2 5 1 2 6 1 charcoal powder 1 1 1 1 3 4 Phenolic Resin 5 5 5 3 7 1 4 3 shellac 4 3 8 2 5 1 1 total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Claims (4)

1. A composition producing a gaseous fire extinguishing agent is characterized in that: it is made up of oxidizing agent, fuel, performance additive and binding agent, and the percentage by weight of each composition in this type composition is: Oxidant: 30%～70% Fuel: 25%～55% Performance additives: 0%～10% Adhesive: 1%～15% Wherein the oxidant is a mixture of strontium nitrate and potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate or barium nitrate, and strontium nitrate is not mixed with potassium nitrate alone as an oxidant, and the weight ratio of strontium nitrate to other components in the oxidant is 1 to 6:1 . 2. The composition producing a gaseous fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fuel is any one of guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, sucrose or pentaaminotetrazole or a combination thereof. 3. The composition for generating a gaseous fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the performance additive is any one of aluminum powder, magnesium powder or carbon powder or a combination thereof. 4. The composition for generating a gaseous fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the binder is any one of phenolic resin or shellac or a combination thereof.