CN1219092C - A high damping shape memory alloy - Google Patents
A high damping shape memory alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN1219092C CN1219092C CN 03111381 CN03111381A CN1219092C CN 1219092 C CN1219092 C CN 1219092C CN 03111381 CN03111381 CN 03111381 CN 03111381 A CN03111381 A CN 03111381A CN 1219092 C CN1219092 C CN 1219092C
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Abstract
本发明涉及阻尼材料，具体地说是一种高阻尼形状记忆合金，其特征在于在原形状记忆合金Ti-Ni-Cu中含有微量的稀土元素Y，Y的含量为0.01-5at%。本发明高阻尼合金通过调整组元Cu和Y的含量可提高和控制合金的马氏体相转变温度，从而获得更宽工作温度范围的高阻尼合金。本发明高阻尼合金可采用真空感应熔炼方法或电弧法进行熔炼，直接制备出抗振零部件产品；本发明高阻尼形状记忆合金具有阻尼性能优、应用范围较宽、成本较低、以及耐摩擦磨损和耐腐蚀等优良的综合性能，并可作为高阻尼复合材料和智能材料等加以开发利用。The invention relates to a damping material, specifically a high-damping shape memory alloy, which is characterized in that the original shape memory alloy Ti-Ni-Cu contains a small amount of rare earth element Y, and the content of Y is 0.01-5 at%. The high damping alloy of the invention can increase and control the martensitic phase transition temperature of the alloy by adjusting the contents of Cu and Y, so as to obtain a high damping alloy with a wider working temperature range. The high damping alloy of the present invention can be smelted by vacuum induction melting method or electric arc method to directly prepare anti-vibration component products; the high damping shape memory alloy of the present invention has excellent damping performance, wide application range, low cost, and friction resistance Excellent comprehensive properties such as wear and corrosion resistance, and can be developed and utilized as high damping composite materials and intelligent materials.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to damping material, specifically a kind of novel high damping shape memory alloy.
Background technology:
Along with development of modern science and technology, more and more important to vibration, impact and Noise Control.For example, rocket, satellite Failure Analysis are shown that about 2/3 fault is relevant with vibration and noise.In addition, vibration and noise also pollute the environment, harm people's physical and mental health.Therefore the research of noise reduction technology and associated materials thereof more and more is subject to people's attention.
The damping capacity of some alloy exceeds tens of times to several magnitude (ratio of damping of common metal material sees Table 1) than ordinary metallic material, come processing machinery equipment or instrument member with them, can start with from focus and noisemaker, reach the purpose of vibration and noise reducing.We are those ratio of damping SDC＞10% (or in-fighting Q
-1＞10
-2) alloy be called high damping alloy.
Characteristics such as it is easy to adopt high damping alloy to have technology on engineering, applied widely are a kind of active and effective dampings.Having developed and produced with nickel, magnesium, copper, zinc, aluminium and iron etc. both at home and abroad in recent years is the multiple high damping alloy of base, and be used to make the component that need vibration and noise reducing, improve the machine work precision to reach, prolong working life, the improve Working environment purpose of (alleviating noise nuisance), or it is stealthy with the security that improves equipment etc. to be used for sound.In defense and commercial industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, boats and ships, vehicle and machinofacture, obtained widespread use at present.As in civilian industry, being used for automobile engine cylinder head, belt pulley etc.; In military and national defense industry, be widely used in the modern systems such as guided missile, satellite, aircraft, naval vessel, tank; Inertial platform shell, Landsat PSM relay board, equipment supporter etc. on space industry, have been used for; On aircraft industry, be used for noise control etc. in air inlet guide vane wheel, jet engine fan blade, ultra-high frequency antenna, telecompass transmitter and the cabin of turbo-jet engine; On shipping industry, can realize eliminating the noise and handle, be used for the noise reduction of the hydrofoil noise abatement of hydrofoil, the water screw of making submarine and naval vessels base plate, dividing plate, seat etc.
The ratio of damping of table 1 common metal material
| Metallic substance | Bronze brass | Medium carbon steel | Soft steel | Austenitic stainless steel | Ferritic stainless steel | Spheroidal graphite cast iron | Grey cast iron |
| Ratio of damping (%) | ＜0.2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
Shape memory alloy is to utilize the mechanism of stress or temperature trigger thermoelastic martensitic transformation to realize a class material of shape memory function.Since the sixties in last century.Shape memory alloy, particularly closely wait the TiNi and the TiNi base alloy of atomic ratio, with its good shape memory effect, super-elasticity, biocompatibility, and excellent comprehensive performances such as higher damping capacity and wear resistance, caused people's extensive interest and concern, and obtained swift and violent development in industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, biomedicine, buildings.From damper mechanism, shape memory alloy belongs to twin (two) crystal formation has good damping characteristic owing to the viscoelasticity migration at the various interfaces (twining plane, phase interface, variant interface) that form in the self-coordinating of martensitic transformation and the martensite can absorb energy.And in the martensitic transformation process, martensitic nucleation and growth also can increase gradually to vibration.In addition, from the angle of damping, shape memory alloy not only can be used as the passive damping material and develops, and can also make full use of its unique shape memory effect and superelastic properties and prepare active damping system and equipment.
But, when shape memory alloy uses as damping material, must be in martensitic state, i.e. the martensitic transformation of alloy end of a period point should be higher than the working temperature of alloy; In addition, compare with traditional high damping alloy, TiNi shape memory alloy cost height, cost an arm and a leg, and material behaviors such as the mechanical property of Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloy, processing characteristics and corrosion resistance nature are nothing like the TiNi shape memory alloy, and these have all limited their application as damping alloy greatly.Therefore, can develop the research focus that a kind of temperature limit wide (being thermo-elasticity martensitic phase transition temperature height), cost high damping alloy low, high comprehensive performance become the high damping shape memory alloy.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide the shape memory alloy that a kind of cost is low, working temperature is high, have the high damping characteristic.
The invention provides a kind of high damping shape memory alloy, it is characterized in that in former Ti-Ni-Cu shape memory alloy, containing the Y of trace.
In the high damping shape memory alloy of the present invention, the add-on of Y is preferably 0.01-5at%.The content of other element can be Ti48-52at%, Cu5-30at%, and surplus is Ni.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that at first according to shape of product that will prepare and size preparation formwork; By the certain ingredients proportioning, get Ti, Ni, Cu, Y raw metal then, adopt traditional vacuum induction melting method or arc process to carry out melting, and become nearly net shape products size and dimension 1400-1450 ℃ of direct pouring; Heat-treat at last with machining and obtain the finished product.
Except directly utilizing alloy manufacturing of the present invention to need the component product of antivibration, as gear etc., also alloy of the present invention and some high-strength structure materials can be combined, adopt methods such as sputter, rivet welding or casting to be prepared into various high damping composite materials.So not only can bring into play the advantage of traditional material and technology, more can give full play to good wear resistance of alloy of the present invention and corrosion resistance nature, thus and reduction product total cost.In addition, alloy of the present invention also can be used as intelligence/actuating material and uses.
Compare with the high damping alloy that TiNi shape memory alloy and other are traditional, alloy of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, damping capacity is good
DMTA in-fighting experiment shows (seeing accompanying drawing 1): Ti50Ni24Cu25Y alloy of the present invention can reach 0.02-0.03 at its in-fighting of martensitic state tg δ, and in the martensitic transformation process took place, its in-fighting value tg δ more can be up to 0.177 (in heat-processed) or 0.216 (in the process of cooling).
2, cost is low
Compare with the TiNi shape memory alloy, the adding of Cu in the alloy of the present invention particularly up to the adding of 25at%Cu, can reduce the alloy application cost greatly, has remarkable economical.
3, working temperature height
The interpolation of alloy middle-weight rare earths element Y of the present invention can improve the thermo-elastic martensite phase transition temperature of TiNi base alloy.M as alloy of the present invention
sTemperature is than the M of Ti49.5Ni50.5 alloy
sTemperature exceeds nearly 90 ℃.In addition, can adjust the thermo-elastic martensite phase transition temperature by the content of adjusting element Y, thereby satisfy the special applications requirement.
4, have shape memory and close characteristic
Alloy of the present invention has shape memory effect and hyperelastic characteristic simultaneously.Utilize this characteristics, can design alloy, thereby bring into play its damping characteristic better according to practical situation.Alloy of the present invention also can be used as intelligence/actuating material and uses.
5, excellent comprehensive performance
TiNiCuY alloy of the present invention also has wearing and tearing of high rub resistance and corrosion resistance nature, and this is that to remove the high damping alloy of TiNi being not available.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the Ti50Ni24Cu25Y high damping shape memory alloy DMTA in-fighting graphic representation of vacuum induction melting method preparation
Fig. 2 is the Ti50Ni25Cu25 high damping shape memory alloy DMTA in-fighting graphic representation of vacuum induction melting method preparation
Fig. 3 is Ti50Ni (25-x) the Cu25Yx high damping shape memory alloy DSC graphic representation of argon shield magnetic control tungsten electrode founding (non-consumable) arc process preparation
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Adopt the vacuum induction melting method to prepare Ti50Ni24Cu25Y and Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy.
1, will put into vacuum induction furnace by titanium sponge, electrolytic nickel and oxygen free copper that atomic ratio prepares and carry out melting;
2,, when it was come out of the stove preceding 1 minute, element Y is added in the molten bath for the Ti50Ni24Cu25Y alloy;
3, pour into a mould at 1420-1450 ℃, fused Ti50Ni24Cu25Y and Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy are poured in formwork or the crucible;
4, treat formwork or crucible the cooling after, alloy can be taken out;
5, as required, alloy is carried out necessary thermal treatment and machining, preparation Ti50Ni24Cu25Y and Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy product or experimental sample;
6, measured the thermo-elastic martensite phase transition temperature of Ti50Ni24Cu25Y and Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy on Rheometric Scientific DSC SP type instrument, the DSC experiment condition: temperature rate is 10 ℃/min.Experimental result sees Table 2;
7, the in-fighting of on Rheometric Scientific DMTA IV type instrument, having measured Ti50Ni24Cu25Y and Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy.The DMTA experiment condition: frequency is 1Hz, and strain is 0.004%, and temperature rate is 5 ℃/min.The DMTA in-fighting graphic representation of alloy is seen attached Fig. 1 and 2.
Table 2 Ti50Ni24Cu25Y and Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy thermo-elastic martensite phase transition temperature
| M s，℃ | M f，℃ | M p，℃ | A s，℃ | A f，℃ | A p，℃ | |
| Ti50Ni24Cu25Y alloy Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy | 81.2 77.3 | 67.8 62.0 | 75.3 70.3 | 79.4 71.9 | 89.8 85.6 | 84.3 79.8 |
As seen, with the Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy phase ratio that adopts identical vacuum induction melting prepared, the thermo-elastic martensite phase transition temperature (M of Ti50Ni24Cu25Y alloy of the present invention
s) improved 3.9 ℃;
In addition, DMTA in-fighting result shows (seeing accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2): Ti50Ni24Cu25Y alloy of the present invention is under martensitic state, in-fighting tg δ can reach 0.02-0.03, and in the martensitic transformation process, its in-fighting value tg δ more can be up to 0.177 (in heat-processed) or 0.216 (in the process of cooling).Suitable substantially with the in-fighting value of Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy, in addition slightly higher.
Embodiment 2
Adopt argon shield magnetic control tungsten electrode founding (non-consumable) electric arc furnace method to prepare Ti50Ni (25-x) Cu25Yx (x=0,0.1,0.3,0.5,1 and 2) alloy.
1, will put into the water jacketed copper crucible of argon shield magnetic control tungsten electrode founding (non-consumable) electric arc furnace by industrially pure titanium, electrolytic nickel, oxygen free copper and the element Y that atomic ratio prepares;
2, heating and in addition magnetic agitation molten alloy;
3, with alloy melt back 3 times (or more than), to guarantee the homogeneity of alloying constituent;
4, treat crucible cooling after, alloy pig can be taken out;
5, as required, alloy is carried out necessary thermal treatment and machining, preparation Ti50Ni (25-x) Cu25Yx alloy product or experimental sample;
6, on Rheometric Scientific DSC SP type instrument, measured the thermo-elastic martensite phase transition temperature of Ti50Ni (25-x) Cu25Yx alloy.The DSC experiment condition: temperature rate is 10 ℃/min.Experimental result is seen accompanying drawing 3.
With the Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy phase ratio that adopts identical arc process prepared, the thermo-elastic martensite phase transition temperature (M of Ti50Ni of the present invention (25-x) Cu25Yx series alloy
s) the highlyest improved about 13 ℃.Along with the increase of rare earth element y content, transition temperature also presents decline clocklike in addition, but when element Y content was 2at%, its thermo-elastic martensite phase transition temperature still was higher than the phase transition temperature of Ti50Ni25Cu25 alloy.
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| CN 03111381 CN1219092C (en) | 2003-04-08 | 2003-04-08 | A high damping shape memory alloy |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03111381 CN1219092C (en) | 2003-04-08 | 2003-04-08 | A high damping shape memory alloy |
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| CN1219092C true CN1219092C (en) | 2005-09-14 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102925779A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-13 | 广东工业大学 | Method for preparing cobalt-nickel-aluminum (Co-Ni-Al) alloy based on electroplating and thermal diffusion |
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| WO2017184750A1 (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-26 | Fort Wayne Metals Research Products Corp. | Nickel-titanium- yttrium alloys with reduced oxide inclusions |
| CN106119794A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州市皎朝纳米科技有限公司 | A kind of containing niobium NiTi system marmem and its preparation method and application |
| CN107008905B (en) * | 2017-02-25 | 2018-08-17 | 河北工业大学 | The preparation method of TiNiCu marmem based damping composite materials |
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| CN109746445B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-07-10 | 华中科技大学 | A processing method suitable for 4D printing nickel-titanium shape memory alloy |
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| CN116694952B (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2026-01-30 | 东北大学 | A high-damping copper-titanium alloy, its preparation method and application |
| CN118773481B (en) * | 2024-06-22 | 2025-02-07 | 广东启悦未来科技股份有限公司 | A soft memory steel ring with good softness and elasticity and a preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102925779A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-13 | 广东工业大学 | Method for preparing cobalt-nickel-aluminum (Co-Ni-Al) alloy based on electroplating and thermal diffusion |
| CN102925779B (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-08-13 | 广东工业大学 | Method for preparing cobalt-nickel-aluminum (Co-Ni-Al) alloy based on electroplating and thermal diffusion |
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