CN1217248A - Laser welding method - Google Patents
Laser welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1217248A CN1217248A CN98122486A CN98122486A CN1217248A CN 1217248 A CN1217248 A CN 1217248A CN 98122486 A CN98122486 A CN 98122486A CN 98122486 A CN98122486 A CN 98122486A CN 1217248 A CN1217248 A CN 1217248A
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- Prior art keywords
- laser welding
- laser
- scolder
- workpiece
- weld zone
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UIFOTCALDQIDTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsanylidynenickel Chemical compound [As]#[Ni] UIFOTCALDQIDTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910016344 CuSi Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910018565 CuAl Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silver Chemical compound [Ni].[Ag] MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000635 Spelter Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000772 CuAl8 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/005—Soldering by means of radiant energy
- B23K1/0056—Soldering by means of radiant energy soldering by means of beams, e.g. lasers, E.B.
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
利用至少一束激光束(10、19、20、24)将两个或多个工件(2、3、12、13、16、17、18)与另一个工件焊接在一起的激光焊接方法,其特征在于工件优选地呈金属薄片形,在向焊接区(11)添加焊料(9)的同时激光束使焊接区(11)暴露在热辐射之下,铜基合金用作焊料(9)。可行的焊料(9)是包含重量比至少占40%的锌的黄铜焊料或包含重量比至少占40%的锌和重量比大约占10%的镍的镍银合金。更优选的焊料是CuSi3和CuAl8。同样十分有利的一种焊料是包含重量比占9%的锡、重量比占0.3%的锰和重量比占0.25%的硅的铜焊料。还说明了本方法的优选参数。
Laser welding method for welding two or more workpieces (2, 3, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18) to another workpiece by means of at least one laser beam (10, 19, 20, 24), which The feature is that the workpiece is preferably in the shape of a metal sheet, the laser beam exposes the welding area (11) to heat radiation while adding the solder (9) to the welding area (11), and a copper-based alloy is used as the solder (9). Possible solders (9) are brass solders containing at least 40% by weight zinc or nickel-silver alloys containing at least 40% by weight zinc and approximately 10% by weight nickel. More preferred solders are CuSi 3 and CuAl 8 . A solder that is also very advantageous is a copper solder comprising 9% by weight of tin, 0.3% by weight of manganese and 0.25% by weight of silicon. Preferred parameters for the method are also described.
Description
The present invention relates to method for laser welding, particularly utilize a branch of at least laser beam that two or more workpiece are welded to one another together method for laser welding, workpiece wherein preferably is sheet metal shape, at laser beam when the weld zone adds scolder the weld zone is exposed under the heat radiation.
The method for laser welding of a kind of the above-mentioned type of expectation exploitation is so that realize high operating speed.
Utilize acid bronze alloy can realize this purpose as scolder according to the present invention.Workpiece for example is the workpiece of sheet metal shape, is chosen between 0.2 meter per minute and the 10 meters per minutes with respect to the relative velocity of weld zone, and the preferred value of relative velocity is greatly near 4 meters per minutes.The speed of adding scolder to the weld zone is the twice of workpiece relative velocity preferably.
Particularly when using the plated metal thin slice, use acid bronze alloy will form local copper as scolder, weld seam is ornamental gold like this.
According to the preferred embodiment of the inventive method, the hard scolder of selection work temperature between 650 ℃ and 1000 ℃.Scolder can be to comprise weight ratio to account for 40% the zinc and the strong solder of trace tin.In addition, can also use and comprise weight ratio and account for 40% zinc, weight ratio at least and account for 10% the nickel and the nickeline scolder of trace silver greatly.Same what be suitable for is to comprise silicon, the CuSi3 mixture scolder of (that is, comprise weight ratio and account for the scolder that 97% copper and weight ratio account for 3% silicon greatly greatly), and has been proved to be favourable.Another kind of preferred solder comprises aluminium, the CuAl8 mixture scolder of (that is, comprise weight ratio and account for the scolder that 92% copper and weight ratio account for 8% aluminium greatly greatly), and has been proved to be favourable.A kind of scolder of same particularly suitable comprises copper and weight ratio and accounts for 0.3% manganese and weight ratio greatly and account for 0.25% silicon greatly.
Can use the beam of laser bundle or use partly overlapping at least two bundle laser beams to realize method for laser welding of the present invention.In addition, can use two bundles not have laser beam overlapping or that do not overlap significantly at least to realize this method, wherein the focus of laser beam is positioned at scolder and the contacted zone of sheet metal to be welded.These focuses for example, can be designed as along the focal line (focus line) of sheet metal with respect to the relative velocity direction stretching, extension of weld zone.In addition, can also use and reciprocally moving past the scanning laser beam of weld zone with the sheet metal direction vertical with respect to the relative velocity direction of weld zone.
Can use Nd:YAG or carbon dioxide (CO
2) laser instrument generation laser beam, the laser power of Nd:YAG laser instrument is in 500W and 10, and between the 000W, the laser power of carbon dioxide laser is in 1000W and 40, between the 000W.
Yet, can also use one or more semiconductor lasers to produce laser beam, for example one or more semiconductor laser arraies.The preferred average operation wavelength of one or more semiconductor lasers is about 800 nanometers.If use semiconductor laser, laser power are preferably located in 500W and 10, between the 000W, particularly between 1000W and 5000W.If use a plurality of semiconductor lasers, particularly semiconductor laser array, just have the overlapping of diversified focus shape and light beam.
As in auto industry, can use scaling powder, particularly under the situation of welding plated metal thin slice and paint sheet metal.
Method for laser welding of the present invention can have or not protect under the situation of gas and operate.Nitrogen, argon gas, helium and/or carbon dioxide all can be as protection gas.
Method for laser welding of the present invention can produce rectangle edge weld, filler weld and flange weld seam.Method for laser welding of the present invention can cross over or be filled between the sheet metal to be welded, the highest thickness equals the slit of employed bonding wire thickness, the width in this slit is between 0.4 millimeter and 2 millimeters.
Method for laser welding of the present invention can be operated under the situation that has or do not have auxiliary current, and this electric current for example, is produced by the voltage that is applied between bonding wire and the sheet metal.Be approximately in preferred electrical power under 10 kilowatts the situation, auxiliary current is preferably between 10 amperes and 400 amperes, particularly between 100 amperes and 400 amperes.If the use auxiliary current, the relative velocity between sheet metal and the weld zone and can increase about 20% to 50% to the speed that the weld zone adds bonding wire.
In addition,, and, will make other advantage of the present invention and characteristics more obvious with reference to accompanying drawing by the following description that the preferred illustrative embodiment that provides is carried out, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of device that implement to produce the method for laser welding of the present invention of rectangle edge weld;
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of device that implement to produce the method for laser welding of the present invention of filler weld;
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic sectional view that realizes the device of method for laser welding of the present invention, and wherein bonding wire is positioned on the backboard;
Fig. 4 a is a diagrammatic sectional view of implementing the device of method for laser welding of the present invention under the situation of using double-beam technique weld flange weld seam;
Fig. 4 b is the view that obtains along the arrow IV b direction among Fig. 4 a.
Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic sectional view of implementing the device of method for laser welding of the present invention under the situation of using scanning laser beam weld flange weld seam.
Fig. 1 has described a kind of device that can be used for implementing method for laser welding of the present invention briefly.Coordinate system x, y, the z that indicates the angle orientation shown in Fig. 1 briefly example in the right hand portion of Fig. 1.Shown device comprises a flat back plate 1, and two planar metal thin slices 2,3 that are docking together each other along rectangle edge weld 4 are arranged thereon.Therefore, backboard 1 is parallel to thin sheet of metal workpiece 2,3, is parallel to the section on the engaging zones of thin sheet of metal workpiece 2,3.The soldering tip 5 that comprises laser beam importing unit 6 (not shown) and corresponding focus lens system 7 is depicted in the top of sheet metal 2,3 briefly.In addition, bonding wire gatherer 8 is installed in the inside of soldering tip 5, utilizes this bonding wire gatherer, and the scolder 9 that is bonding wire shape can add weld zone 11 to, and the focal area of the laser beam 10 that this zone is penetrated with soldering tip 5 basically is corresponding.
The top margin of sheet metal 2,3 and the angle between the direction of weld zone 11 interpolation scolders are represented with α in the y-z plane.The angle that adds between the center position of the direction of scolders and laser beam 10 to weld zone 11 in the y-z plane is represented with γ.Angle δ is oriented in the x-z plane, the center position of expression laser beam 10 and passing through on the surface of sheet metal 2,3 perpendicular to the angle between the line of the weld zone 11 of weld seam 4.
Fig. 2 briefly example the overlapped situation of two sheet metals 12,13.In this case, method for laser welding of the present invention produces filler weld 14.Same Fig. 2 example coordinate system x, a y, z, identical with Fig. 1 in this case, the direction of y direction indication weld seam 14.As can see from Figure 2 in the x-y plane interpolation direction of scolder 9 and weld seam 14 or and workpiece with respect to the angle β between the relative velocity direction of weld zone.
The relative velocity that sheet metal 2,3 or 12,13 moves along the y direction with respect to laser beam 10 in welding process is between 0.2 meter per minute and 10 meters per minutes, and preferred velocity amplitude is approximately 4 meters per minutes.Can be by way of propelling edge and sheet metal 2,3 or 12, the 13 direction interpolation scolders 9 identical with respect to the relative velocity direction of weld zone 11.In this case, β=0 °.In addition, scolder 9 can also add by driving style, promptly drags along the direction opposite with sheet metal 2,3 or 12,13 velocity attitudes that move with respect to the position of laser beam 10.In this case, β=180 °.For rectangle edge weld 4, β=0 ° is preferred.For filler weld 14, β=30 are preferred by °-50 °.For flange weld seam (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), angle beta=0 ° or β=90 ° are preferred.
The interpolation speed of scolder 9 is chosen between 0.2 meter per minute and the 30 meters per minutes.Preferably, the speed of here selecting is 3 meters per minute to 15 meter per minutes.Proved that the ratio between the pace of the pace of sheet metal 2,3 or 12,13 and scolder 9 is 1: 2nd, particularly advantageous.
Can use auxiliary current, in this case, for example, the scolder 9 that is the bonding wire form is connected to the positive terminal of voltage source, and sheet metal 2,3 or 12,13 is connected to the negative pole end of voltage source.For example, for the electrical power that is approximately 10 kilowatts, the current density of auxiliary current is between 100 amperes to 400 amperes.Usually, it is favourable using the dc voltage source, but also can use the AC voltage source.Additional auxiliary current can make sheet metal 2,3 or 12,13 improve about 20% to 50% with respect to the relative velocity of the position of laser beam 10 and the pace of scolder 9.
The angle [alpha] of adding scolders 9 to weld zone 11 in the y-z plane is between 0 ° and 90 °, and preferably α=8 are °-30 °.Simultaneously, between γ=0 ° and γ=180 °, preferably γ=30 are °-90 ° in the angular range between the interpolation direction of the injection direction of y-z plane inner laser bundle 10 and scolder 9.Fig. 3 illustrates an example, and wherein the angle α between the surface of the interpolation direction of scolder 9 and sheet metal 16 equals 0 ° in the y-z plane, and simultaneously, the angle γ between the interpolation direction of the injection direction of laser beam 10 and scolder 9 equals 90 °.In the exemplary that this illustrates, scolder 9 is crooked on sheet metal 16, and it is being pressed against on the sheet metal near the weld zone like this.
The injection direction of laser beam 10 is between 0 ° to 150 ° with respect to the inclination angle δ of foil surfaces in the X-Z plane, is between 20 ° and 90 ° in this preferred angle.As another kind of situation, between 0 ° to 90 °, the result has influenced the interpolation direction of scolder 9 and the injection direction of laser beam 10 to the angle of inclination δ of whole soldering tip 5 in the X-Z plane greatly.Under this inclination situation, the preferable range of angle δ is from 60 ° to 90 °.
The thickness of the scolder 9 that uses is between 0.4 millimeter and 2 millimeters.Preferred thickness is between 0.8 millimeter and 1.2 millimeters.
According to the present invention, use copper parent metal 9.Specifically, should use the hard scolder of operating temperature between 650 ℃ and 1000 ℃.In this case, for example, recommend to use to have the strong solder that weight ratio accounts for 40% zinc at least outside the copper removal.The tin that in strong solder, also has trace.
As another kind of scolder 9 of the present invention, can use the nickeline scolder, have weight ratio in this scolder and account for 40% zinc and weight ratio at least and account for 10% nickel.In this case, it is favourable having micro-silver.
To help increasing flowability because add a spot of silicon, so might use the scolder 9 that mainly comprises copper and silicon mixture.In this case, for example, the spelter solder 9 of recommendation comprises weight ratio and accounts for 3% silicon (CuSi
3).In addition, can be to this CuSi
3Add lead in the scolder, reduce welding temperature with this.
Be that very favourable a kind of scolder 9 is that the weight ratio of the spelter solder with aluminium mixture, particularly aluminium accounts for 8% mixture (CuAl equally
8).Another kind of very favourable scolder 9 is spelter solders, and it comprises weight ratio and accounts for 9% tin, weight ratio and account for 0.3% manganese and weight ratio and account for 0.25% silicon.
For laser instrument, for example, can use the Nd:YAG laser instrument of continuous operation.The operation wavelength of Nd:YAG laser instrument is usually about 1064 nanometers, but it can be used as frequency double laser and is operated in 532 nanometers.The laser power of using is in 500W and 10, between the 000W.The preferred laser power of using is between 2000W and 4000W.If the Nd:YAG laser works is in the frequency multiplication pattern, the power of selection should be between 10W and 1000W.
Can also use carbon dioxide (CO
2) laser instrument, wherein power selection is in 1000W and 40, between the 000W.The preferred power bracket of using is between 2000W and 5000W.
Yet, can also use one or more semiconductor lasers, for example one or more semiconductor laser arraies.If use a plurality of semiconductor lasers, particularly semiconductor laser diode array, may have the overlapping of a variety of focus shapes and light beam so.
The size of focus surface region is decided by the type of weld seam to be welded.The focus surface region is preferably located between the minimal surface district that determined by diffraction limit and about 25 square millimeters.
Particularly under the situation of welding plated metal thin slice, can use scaling powder, because zinc plays tackifier, and at part generation brass.In addition, the paint sheet metal that for example uses in auto industry can directly carry out laser weld and needn't use scaling powder.Can under the condition of not protecting gas, realize the inventive method, but also can use nitrogen, argon gas, helium and/or carbon dioxide as protection gas.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 example the welding method of flange weld seam.Welding method of the present invention can be crossed over 0.5 to 1 times the slit that width is the bonding wire diameter.Fig. 4 a example utilize scolder 9 and be split into the method for two sheet metals of LASER BEAM WELDING 17,18 of two beamlets 19,20.The focus of two beamlets 19,20 is positioned at sheet metal 17,18 and scolder 9 contacted intra-zones.Shown in Fig. 4 b, in this case,, can use focal line 21,23 as the alternative of focus.
Corresponding bifocus technology can also be applied to other weld seam, in this case, for example, the sheet metal material in the wideer slightly focus area of heating surface district, and the scolder 9 in the narrower focus molten solder district.Utilize suitable lens combination to produce two focuses or two focal line by single laser beam.
Fig. 5 has shown the another embodiment of method for laser welding of the present invention, and wherein sheet metal 17,18 is docking together mutually in the flange commissure.In this case, the laser instrument 23 of use can reciprocally move along arrow 24 indicated directions, like this laser instrument 23 can also guarantee scolder 9 with sheet metal 17,18 contacted zones in melt.
Claims (62)
1. a branch of at least laser beam of utilization (10,19,20,23) method for laser welding that two or more workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) are welded to one another, workpiece preferably is sheet metal shape, laser beam is exposed to weld zone (11) under the heat radiation when scolder (9) adds weld zone (11) to, it is characterized in that acid bronze alloy is used as scolder (9).
2. according to the method for laser welding of claim 1, it is characterized in that scolder (9) is the hard scolder of operating temperature between 650 ℃ and 1000 ℃.
3. according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that scolder (9) is a strong solder.
4. according to the method for laser welding of claim 3, it is characterized in that scolder (9) is a strong solder, comprise weight ratio and account for 40% zinc at least.
5. according to the method for laser welding of claim 4, it is characterized in that scolder (9) is a strong solder, account at least 40% the zinc, also comprise the tin of trace except comprising weight ratio.
6. according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that scolder (9) is the nickeline scolder.
7. according to the method for laser welding of claim 6, it is characterized in that scolder (9) is the nickeline scolder, comprise weight ratio and account for 40% zinc and weight ratio at least and account for 10% nickel greatly.
8. according to the method for laser welding of claim 7, it is characterized in that scolder (9) is the nickeline scolder, account for 40% zinc and weight ratio at least and account for greatly 10% the nickel, also comprise the silver of trace except comprising weight ratio.
9. according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that scolder (9) comprises the silicon mixture.
10. according to the method for laser welding of claim 9, it is characterized in that scolder (9) accounts for 97% copper and weight ratio greatly by weight ratio and accounts for 3% silicon greatly and constitute.
11., it is characterized in that scolder (9) is accounted for greatly by weight ratio that 97% copper and weight ratio account for 3% silicon greatly and the lead of trace constitutes according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 9 or 10.
12., it is characterized in that scolder (9) comprises the aluminium mixture according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 or 2.
13., it is characterized in that scolder (9) accounts for 92% copper and weight ratio greatly by weight ratio and accounts for 8% aluminium greatly and constitute according to the method for laser welding of claim 12.
14., it is characterized in that scolder (9) accounts for 9% tin, weight ratio greatly by weight ratio and accounts for 0.3% manganese, weight ratio greatly and account for 0.25% silicon and copper greatly and constitute according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 or 2.
15. according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 14, it is characterized in that scolder (9) is bonding wire shape, its thickness is between 0.4 millimeter and 2 millimeters.
16. according to the method for laser welding of claim 15, the thickness that it is characterized in that bonding wire is between 0.8 millimeter and 1.2 millimeters.
17. according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 16, it is characterized in that rectangle edge weld, filler weld or flange weld seam are created between the workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18), workpiece preferably is sheet metal shape.
18., it is characterized in that bonding land workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18), that form weld seam (4,14) and the relative velocity between weld zone (11) are between 0.2 meter per minute and 10 meters per minutes according to the method for laser welding of claim 17.
19. according to the method for laser welding of claim 18, the bonding land and the relative velocity between weld zone (11) that it is characterized in that forming weld seam (4,14) approximately are 4 meters per minutes.
20. according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 19, the speed that it is characterized in that adding scolders (9) to weld zone (11) is between 0.2 meter per minute and 30 meters per minutes.
21. according to the method for laser welding of claim 20, the speed that it is characterized in that adding scolders (9) to weld zone (11) is between 3 meters per minutes and 15 meters per minutes.
22., it is characterized in that bonding land workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18), that form weld seam (4,14) and the relative velocity between weld zone (11) approximately are half of speed of adding scolder to weld zone (11) according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 18 to 21.
23. method for laser welding according to one of claim 1 to 22, it is characterized in that workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) is positioned on the backboard (1) that is essentially the plane, in the bonding land of workpiece, have at least beam of laser bundle (10,19,20,23) and scolder (9) to add workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) surface to back to backboard.
24., it is characterized in that scolder (9) is to add in the mode that drags or promote according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 23.
25., it is characterized in that workpiece 2,3,12,13,16,17,18 that in the section of crossing over weld zone (11), the bonding land of workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) in, measure, formation weld seam (4,14) according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 24) the direction of bonding land and the angle (β) between the interpolation direction of scolder (9) between 0 ° and 180 °.
26., it is characterized in that under rectangle edge weld situation, angle (β) is approximately 0 ° according to the method for laser welding of claim 25.
27., it is characterized in that under the filler weld situation that angle (β) is between 30 ° and 50 ° according to the method for laser welding of claim 25.
28., it is characterized in that under flange weld seam situation that angle (β) is approximately 0 ° or 90 ° according to the method for laser welding of claim 25.
29. method for laser welding according to one of claim 1 to 28, it is characterized in that by workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) with respect to weld zone (11), along in the plane of the section surface normal direction definition of the relative velocity direction of bead direction and the bonding land of workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) in weld zone (11), the angle (α) of adding scolders (9) to weld zone (11) is between 0 ° and 90 °.
30., it is characterized in that angle (α) is between 8 ° and 30 ° according to the method for laser welding of claim 29.
31. method for laser welding according to one of claim 1 to 30, it is characterized in that by workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) with respect to weld zone (11), along in the plane of the section surface normal direction definition of the relative velocity direction of bead direction and the bonding land of workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) in weld zone (11), the angle (γ) between the injection direction of the interpolation direction of scolder (9) and a branch of at least laser beam (10,19,20,23) is between 0 ° and 180 °.
32., it is characterized in that angle (γ) is between 30 ° and 90 ° according to the method for laser welding of claim 31.
33. method for laser welding according to one of claim 1 to 32, it is characterized in that by the workpiece (2 in weld zone (11), 3,12,13,16,17,18) the section surface normal on the bonding land and pass weld zone (11), be parallel to the workpiece (2 in the weld zone (11), 3,12,13,16,17,18) section on the bonding land and perpendicular to weld seam (4,14) in the plane that straight line limits, a branch of at least laser beam (10,19,20,23) workpiece (2 in injection direction and the weld zone (11), 3,12,13,16,17,18) angle between the section on the bonding land (δ) is between 0 ° and 150 °.
34., it is characterized in that angle (δ) is between 20 ° and 90 ° according to the method for laser welding of claim 33.
35., it is characterized in that the Nd:YAG laser instrument is used for producing a branch of at least laser beam (10,19,20,23) according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 34.
36. according to the method for laser welding of claim 35, the average operation wavelength that it is characterized in that the Nd:YAG laser instrument is near 1064 nanometers.
37. according to the method for laser welding of claim 36, the laser power that it is characterized in that using is in 500W and 10, between the 000W.
38. according to the method for laser welding of claim 37, the laser power that it is characterized in that using is between 2000W and 4000W.
39. according to the method for laser welding of claim 35, it is characterized in that the Nd:YAG laser works in the frequency multiplication pattern, wavelength is 532 nanometers.
40. according to the method for laser welding of claim 38, the laser power that it is characterized in that using is between 10W and 1000W.
41., it is characterized in that carbon dioxide laser is used for producing a branch of at least laser beam (10,19,20,23) according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 34.
42. according to the method for laser welding of claim 41, the laser power that it is characterized in that using is in 1000W and 40, between the 000W.
43. according to the method for laser welding of claim 42, the laser power that it is characterized in that using is between 2000W and 5000W.
44., it is characterized in that one or more semiconductor lasers are used for producing a branch of at least laser beam (10,19,20,23) according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 34.
45. according to the method for laser welding of claim 44, what it is characterized in that using is semiconductor laser array.
46. according to the method for laser welding of claim 44 or 45, the average operation wavelength that it is characterized in that semiconductor laser or semiconductor laser array is about 800 nanometers.
47. according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 44 to 46, the laser power that it is characterized in that using is in 500W and 10, between the 000W.
48. according to the method for laser welding of claim 47, the laser power that it is characterized in that using is between 1000W and 5000W.
49., it is characterized in that the area of section of a branch of at least laser beam (10,19,20,23) in the weld zone (11) is less than or equal to 25 square millimeters according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 48.
50., it is characterized in that the plated metal thin slice is as workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 49.
51., it is characterized in that painting sheet metal as workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 50.
52., it is characterized in that not using scaling powder according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 51.
53., it is characterized in that not using protection gas according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 52.
54. according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 52, it is characterized in that having used protection gas, particularly preferably be nitrogen and/or argon gas and/or helium and/or carbon dioxide.
55., it is characterized in that having used two bundle laser beams (19,20) according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 54.
56. method for laser welding according to claim 55, it is characterized in that two bundle laser beams are partly overlapping in the weld zone at least, a branch of cross section in the weld zone in the two bundle laser beams is greater than the cross section of another bundle, and the less laser beam incident of cross section expansion arrives equally by another bundle laser beam heats zone in the weld zone like this.
57. method for laser welding according to claim 55, it is characterized in that two bundle laser beams do not have overlapping in the weld zone, or have only a spot of overlappingly, in both cases, the focus of laser beam is located substantially in scolder (9) and the contacted zone of workpiece (17,18).
58., it is characterized in that the focus of laser beam (19,20) forms basically along the focal line of workpiece (17,18) with respect to the relative velocity direction of weld zone (11) according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 55 to 57.
59. according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 58, it is characterized in that a branch of at least laser beam (23) in weld zone (11) along moving back and forth with workpiece (17, the 18) direction vertical basically with respect to the relative velocity direction of weld zone (11).
60. according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 1 to 59, it is characterized in that having used auxiliary current, this electric current is produced by the voltage on the workpiece (2,3,12,13,16,17,18) that is applied to the scolder (9) that is bonding wire shape and is sheet metal shape.
61. according to the method for laser welding of claim 60, it is characterized in that auxiliary current between 10A and 400A, particularly between 100A and 400A.
62., it is characterized in that the electrical power corresponding with auxiliary current approximately is 10 kilowatts according to the method for laser welding of one of claim 60 or 61.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19750586.4 | 1997-11-17 | ||
| DE19750586A DE19750586B4 (en) | 1997-11-17 | 1997-11-17 | Laser soldering |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1217248A true CN1217248A (en) | 1999-05-26 |
| CN1129501C CN1129501C (en) | 2003-12-03 |
Family
ID=7848807
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98122486A Expired - Fee Related CN1129501C (en) | 1997-11-17 | 1998-11-17 | Laser welding method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1129501C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19750586B4 (en) |
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| DE10017453B4 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2004-11-04 | Audi Ag | Process for producing a welded or soldered connection |
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| US9623515B2 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2017-04-18 | Wisco Tailored Blanks Gmbh | Method for laser welding one or more workpieces of hardenable steel in a butt joint |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19750586B4 (en) | 2007-05-16 |
| CN1129501C (en) | 2003-12-03 |
| DE19750586A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
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