CN121400164A

CN121400164A - A pneumatic application and rotary burial device for powdered modifier

Info

Publication number: CN121400164A
Application number: CN202511971748.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王刚; 黄东岩; 孟祥雨; 刘姝妍
Original assignee: Jilin University
Current assignee: Jilin University
Priority date: 2025-12-25
Filing date: 2025-12-25
Publication date: 2026-01-27

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and discloses a pneumatic applying and burying device for a powdery modifier, which comprises a support, wherein one end of the support is provided with a traction system used for being connected with a traction vehicle, wheels are arranged on the support, one end of the support, which is close to the traction system, is provided with an applying system, and one end of the support, which is far away from the traction system, is provided with a burying system, and the applying system comprises a material box and a pneumatic conveying pipeline which are arranged on the support.

Description

Pneumatic application and rotary burying device for powdery modifier

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a pneumatic applying and burying device for a powdery modifier.

Background

In the agricultural planting process, powdery modifier is commonly used for improving the physicochemical properties of soil, so that the crop root system is easier to absorb moisture and nutrients. However, since the powder improver is fine in particles, easy to drift and easy to be influenced by wind force, uniform distribution is generally difficult to achieve when directly applied in the field. Meanwhile, the powder materials are easy to adhere, accumulate or block in the conveying process, so that stable application is difficult. In order to improve the application efficiency and the application quality of the powdery modifier, the application is usually carried out by adopting a fertilizing machine or a farming machine in combination with a manual mode, but the problems of uneven application, high labor intensity or low operation efficiency of the modes generally exist.

In existing fertilizing machines, materials are conveyed to the soil surface by adopting a mechanical fertilizer discharging structure or a gravity-based blanking mode. For powdery materials, this type of approach is prone to displacement instability. In addition, existing powder application apparatus are often relatively simple in construction and difficult to achieve stable delivery, dispensing and multiple point application of the powder improver, resulting in insufficient application accuracy. Some of the equipment has pneumatic conveying function, but there is still room for improvement in the aspects of mixing powdery materials with air flow and controlling distribution uniformity.

After application of the powdered conditioner, it is often necessary to further rake the soil to enable the powdered conditioner to be combined with the soil to facilitate subsequent crop growth. The existing harrow or soil crushing device is generally used as independent equipment, the harrowing operation is required to be carried out after the powdery modifier is applied, the operation time is prolonged due to multiple procedures, and omission or uneven application are easily caused in the repeated operation process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a pneumatic application and spin-burying device for a powdery modifier.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A pneumatic applying and burying device for a powdery modifier comprises a support, wherein a traction system used for being connected with a traction vehicle is arranged at one end of the support, wheels are arranged on the support, an applying system is arranged at one end, close to the traction system, of the support, a burying system is arranged at one end, far away from the traction system, of the support, the applying system comprises a material box and a pneumatic conveying pipeline which are arranged on the support, a pneumatic material mixer is arranged at one end of the pneumatic conveying pipeline, a discharging motor is arranged at the discharging end of the material box and used for discharging materials in the material box into the pneumatic material mixer, a centrifugal fan is arranged at one side of the pneumatic material mixer, a primary distributor, a secondary distributor and a applier which are communicated sequentially through hoses are arranged at one end, far away from the centrifugal fan, of the pneumatic conveying pipeline and used for achieving multistage distribution and uniform powder conveying of the materials, the pneumatic material mixer is of a venturi tube structure, and the burying system comprises a disc harrow and a soil crushing roller which are arranged on the support.

Preferably, one end of the air-material mixer, which is close to the centrifugal fan, is an air inlet, one end of the air-material mixer, which is close to the air-feeding pipeline, is an air-material outlet, a blanking port is arranged on the side surface of the air-material mixer, which is close to the material box, the air-material mixer of the venturi tube structure is mainly divided into three sections, namely a contraction section, a throat section and an expansion section, the blanking port is positioned at the throat section, the material in the material box is discharged to the opening of the blanking port by the discharging motor, and the material falls into the air-material mixer.

Preferably, the first-stage distributor is including installing the one-stage distribution case on the support, and one side that the one-stage distribution case is close to the air supply pipeline is equipped with one-stage pan feeding mouth, and one end that one-stage pan feeding mouth extends to one-stage distribution incasement portion is equipped with one-stage disperser, one side that one-stage distribution case kept away from one-stage pan feeding mouth is equipped with a plurality of one-stage bin outlet.

Preferably, the secondary distributor comprises a secondary distribution box arranged on the support, one side of the secondary distribution box is provided with a secondary feeding port, one end of the secondary feeding port extending to the inside of the secondary distribution box is provided with a secondary disperser, one end of the secondary feeding port extending to the outside of the secondary distribution box is communicated with an opening of the primary discharging port through a hose, and the side surface of the secondary distribution box, which is far away from the secondary feeding port, is provided with a plurality of secondary discharging ports.

Preferably, the applicator is of a funnel-shaped structure, an application disperser is arranged in the applicator, and one end of the applicator is communicated with the opening of the secondary discharge opening through a hose.

Preferably, the first-stage disperser, the second-stage disperser and the application disperser are all of conical structures, and the side walls are provided with a plurality of through holes.

Preferably, the disc rake is located between the applicator and the soil breaking roller.

Preferably, a scriber is arranged on one side of the bracket.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

In the invention, the application system and the spin-burying system are sequentially arranged on the bracket, and the whole body is driven to move on the ground by the traction system, so that the powdery modifier can finish the steps of discharging, conveying, distributing, applying, spin-burying and the like in the running process. Because the gas-material mixer adopts a Venturi tube structure, the air flow provided by the centrifugal fan forms a flow field suitable for carrying the powdery modifier therein, so that the powdery modifier discharged from the material box through the discharge motor can enter the gas-material mixer and be mixed with the air flow, thereby forming a continuous and stable gas-material mixture to flow into the gas-feeding pipeline, and being beneficial to continuous conveying of the powdery modifier.

The first-stage distributor and the second-stage distributor are sequentially arranged, and after entering the first-stage distributor, the gas mixture is dispersed by the first-stage disperser and forms diffusion distribution in the first-stage distribution box, and then is output through a plurality of first-stage discharge ports, so that the gas mixture can enter the second-stage distributor according to a plurality of flow paths. After entering the secondary distributor, the gas mixture is dispersed again through the secondary disperser and is dispersed in the secondary distribution box, so that the gas mixture flow output from the secondary discharge port is more uniform, and the powdery modifier is conveniently applied by multiple applicators at multiple points. Through the distribution mode, the powder modifier can be output from the applicator at a plurality of positions, and the powder modifier is beneficial to forming more uniform distribution on the surface layer of the soil.

The applicator is arranged at the front side of the rotary burying system, so that the powdery modifier is positioned in front of the disc harrow immediately after output. The disc harrow cuts and extrudes the soil in the advancing process of the device, so that the powdery modifier contacts with the soil and is harrowed and mixed, and the powdery modifier is favorably diffused in the soil. The soil crushing roller is arranged behind the disc harrow, and the soil treated by the disc harrow is crushed and leveled, so that the powdery modifier can be further mixed with the soil and covered in the soil, and a relatively leveled soil surface can be formed conveniently.

Through the structural arrangement, the invention can sequentially complete the discharging, pneumatic conveying, multi-stage distribution, application and spin-burying treatment of the powdery modifier in the travelling process, so that the powdery modifier can be uniformly applied and mixed into soil, the distribution uniformity of the powdery modifier in the soil can be improved, and the application and spin-burying steps can be completed in one travelling process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pneumatic applying and burying device for a powdery modifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal fan, the air delivery pipeline and the soil crushing roller in the pneumatic applying and burying device of the powdery modifier according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view showing the structure of a centrifugal fan, an air delivery pipeline, a primary distributor, a secondary distributor and an applicator in a pneumatic application and spin-burying device for a powdery modifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first-stage distributor in a pneumatic application and burying device for a powdery modifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a secondary distributor in a pneumatic application and spin-burying device for a powdery modifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of an applicator in a pneumatic application and spin-burying device for a powdery modifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a gas-material mixer in a pneumatic applying and burying device for a powdery modifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, a 1-traction system, a 2-application system, a 3-wheel, a 4-soil breaking roller, a 5-marker, a 6-rotary burying system, a 7-bracket, an 8-material box, a 9-centrifugal fan, a 10-gas mixer, a 101-gas outlet, a 102-blanking port, a 103-air inlet, a 11-gas delivery pipeline, a 12-first-grade distributor, a 121-first-grade distribution box, a 122-first-grade feeding port, a 123-first-grade discharging port, a 124-first-grade distributor, a 13-applicator, a 14-second-grade distributor, a 141-second-grade distribution box, a 142-second-grade feeding port, a 143-second-grade discharging port, a 144-second-grade distributor, a 15-disc harrow, a 16-discharging motor and a 17-application distributor are shown.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 7, a pneumatic applying and burying device for a powdery modifier comprises a support 7, wherein one end of the support 7 is provided with a traction system 1 for being connected with a traction vehicle, wheels 3 are arranged on the support 7, one end of the support 7, which is close to the traction system 1, is provided with an applying system 2 for conveying and distributing the powdery modifier to a field, one end of the support 7, which is far away from the traction system 1, is provided with a burying system 6 for raking and crushing the powdery modifier applied to a soil surface so as to enable the powdery modifier to be fully combined with the soil; the application system 2 comprises a material box 8 and an air conveying pipeline 11 which are arranged on a support 7, wherein the material box 8 is used for storing powdery modifier, one end of the air conveying pipeline 11 is provided with a material mixer 10, the discharging end of the material box 8 is provided with a discharging motor 16, the discharging motor 16 is used for driving materials to be discharged from the material box 8 and enter the material mixer 10, one side of the material mixer 10 is provided with a centrifugal fan 9, the centrifugal fan 9 is used for providing air flow for the material mixer 10, the air flow and the powdery modifier discharged from the material box 8 are mixed in the material mixer 10, the air mixture is formed to flow into the air conveying pipeline 11, one end of the air conveying pipeline 11, which is far away from the centrifugal fan 9, is provided with a first-stage distributor 12, a second-stage distributor 14 and an applicator 13, the first-stage distributor 12, the second-stage distributor 14 and the applicator 13 are sequentially communicated through hoses, and the first-stage distributor 12 is used for distributing the air mixture conveyed through the air conveying pipeline 11, so that the air mixture enters the second-stage distributor 14 according to a set diversion path. The secondary distributor 14 serves to redistribute the gas mixture from the primary distributor 12 so that the gas mixture can be applied by a plurality of applicators 13. The applicator 13 is used for uniformly throwing the distributed powdery modifier to the soil surface, the air-material mixer 10 is of a venturi tube structure, the rotary burying system 6 comprises a disc harrow 15 and a soil crushing roller 4, the disc harrow 15 is mounted on the support 7, and the disc harrow 15 is used for cutting and throwing the powdery modifier applied to the soil surface again, so that the powdery modifier is fully mixed with the soil, and the powdery modifier is combined with the soil. The soil crushing roller 4 is arranged behind the disc harrow 15 and is used for crushing and leveling the mixed soil, so that the surface of the finally treated soil is leveled and the fusion degree of the powdery modifier and the soil is ensured to meet the requirements.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bracket 7 is of a foldable design, so that the whole machine can be folded, the occupied space during transportation is reduced, and the equipment is convenient to transfer and transport.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the volume of the tank 8 exceeds 1 ton, ensuring that frequent feeding is not required during operation, thus improving the efficiency of the operation.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wheels 3 are wide-width inflatable carrying wheels, which effectively reduce compaction and hardening of the soil.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, one end of the air-material mixer 10 close to the centrifugal fan 9 is an air inlet 103, one end of the air-material mixer 10 close to the air-feeding pipeline 11 is an air-material outlet 101, the side surface of the air-material mixer 10 close to the material box 8 is provided with a blanking port 102, the air-material mixer 10 with a venturi tube structure comprises a contraction section, a throat section and an expansion section, so that the air flow passing through the venturi tube structure generates negative pressure in the throat section, the powdery modifier discharged by the discharging motor 16 is sucked into the air flow, the powdery modifier is fully mixed with the air flow, the blanking port 102 is positioned in the throat section, the discharging motor 16 discharges the material in the material box 8 to the opening of the blanking port 102, and the material falls into the air-material mixer 10.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the primary distributor 12 comprises a primary distribution box 121 mounted on the support 7, a primary inlet 122 is arranged on one side of the primary distribution box 121 near the air supply pipeline 11, a primary disperser 124 is arranged at one end of the primary inlet 122 extending to the interior of the primary distribution box 121, the primary disperser 124 is used for dispersing the air-material mixture entering the interior of the primary distribution box 121, so that the air-material mixture can be dispersed and distributed in the interior of the primary distribution box 121, and a plurality of primary discharge outlets 123 are arranged on one side of the primary distribution box 121 far from the primary inlet 122 and used for outputting the air-material mixture in the interior of the primary distribution box 121 according to a plurality of flow paths so as to be conveyed to the subsequent secondary distributor 14.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, four primary discharge ports 123 are provided in each primary distributor 12.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the secondary distributor 14 comprises a secondary distribution box 141 mounted on the support 7, one side of the secondary distribution box 141 is provided with a secondary feed port 142, one end of the secondary feed port 142 extending into the interior of the secondary distribution box 141 is provided with a secondary disperser 144 for dispersing the gas mixture in the interior of the secondary distribution box 141, so that the gas mixture is uniformly distributed in the secondary distribution box 141, one end of the secondary feed port 142 extending to the exterior of the secondary distribution box 141 is communicated with the opening of the primary feed port 123 through a hose, so that the gas mixture distributed by the primary distributor 12 can enter the secondary distributor 14, and the side of the secondary distribution box 141 away from the secondary feed port 142 is provided with a plurality of secondary feed ports 143 for outputting the gas mixture distributed by the secondary distribution box 141 to the corresponding applicators 13 according to a plurality of flow paths, thereby realizing multi-point application of the powdery modifier.

The first distributor 12 and the second distributor 14 cooperate to form a plurality of stable output flow paths after two-stage distribution of the gas mixture in the application system 2, so that the powdery modifier can be applied in a dispersed manner according to the corresponding arrangement positions of the plurality of applicators 13. In the actual application process, the gas mixture first enters the first-stage distributor 12 and is dispersed by the first-stage disperser 124, and the gas mixture collides with the inner wall of the first-stage distribution box 121, is diffused and uniformly distributed, and is output to the first-stage discharge port 123. The gas mixture then enters the secondary distributor 14 and is again dispersed in the secondary distribution box 141 by the secondary disperser 144, so that the gas mixture in the secondary distribution box 141 is distributed more uniformly, and finally is output through the plurality of secondary discharge ports 143, so that the powdery modifier can be uniformly applied to the soil surface through the plurality of applicators 13.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two secondary discharge ports 143 are provided on each secondary distributor 14.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the secondary distributors 14 is 4, and the 4 secondary distributors 14 are uniformly arranged and maintained at a certain interval, so as to ensure that the 4 hoses are arranged with enough space after passing through the primary discharge port 123. The primary distributor 12 divides the modifier particles into four paths, which are then further divided into two paths by the secondary distributor 14 into 8 applicators 13. The applicator 13 is located at the front end 80 cm of the blades of the disk rake 15 to ensure that sufficient space is provided for mixing the crushed soil.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacing between the two stages of blades of the disc harrow 15 is 120 cm to ensure good mixing effect of the crushed soil. Finally, the soil crushing rollers 4 arranged at the tail ends crush and mix the soil for the second time, so that the modifier particles and the soil are uniformly fused, and the soil is restored to be flat.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the applicator 13 is of a funnel-shaped structure, the interior of the applicator 13 is provided with an applicator dispenser 17, and one end of the applicator 13 communicates with the opening of the secondary discharge port 143 through a hose.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the primary disperser 124, the secondary disperser 144 and the application disperser 17 are all of conical structure, and the side walls are provided with a plurality of through holes.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, a disc rake 15 is located between the applicator 13 and the soil breaking roller 4.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a scriber 5 is provided on one side of the stand 7, and the scriber 5 is used to define a working range, and avoid repeated work or missing a working area.

The invention has the working principle that in the traction operation process of the device, the traction system 1 is connected with a tractor, so that the bracket 7 can be pulled to advance in the field operation, in the operation process, the discharging motor 16 drives the powdery modifier to be discharged from the discharging end of the material box 8, so that the powdery modifier is led into the air-material mixer 10 in the blanking direction, the centrifugal fan 9 provides air flow for the air-material mixer 10 in the operation, and the air flow enters from the air inlet of the air-material mixer 10, so that the air flow forms a flowing state in the air-material mixer 10. The gas-material mixer 10 adopts a venturi tube structure, the venturi tube structure comprises a contraction section, a throat section and an expansion section, the air flow is accelerated at the throat section and forms negative pressure, so that the powdery modifier discharged from the material box 8 can be sucked into the air flow, the powdery modifier and the air flow are mixed in the gas-material mixer 10, and a gas-material mixture is formed to flow into the gas-feeding pipeline 11.

The gas mixture is conveyed in the gas conveying pipeline 11 and sequentially enters the primary distributor 12 and the secondary distributor 14 for distribution. The gas mixture first enters the primary distributor 12 from the gas feed line 11. The primary feed port 122 introduces the gas mixture into the primary distribution box 121, and the primary disperser 124 disperses the introduced gas mixture so that the gas mixture is dispersed inside the primary distribution box 121 and distributed along the inner wall. The gas mixture in the first stage distribution box 121 is output through a plurality of first stage discharge ports 123 and is guided to the corresponding second stage feed ports 142 through hoses. After the gas mixture enters the secondary distributor 14, the secondary distributor 144 re-distributes the gas mixture inside the secondary distribution box 141, so that the gas mixture in the secondary distribution box 141 is further uniformly distributed, and the gas mixture discharged through the plurality of secondary discharge ports 143 enters the corresponding applicators 13.

The applicator 13 applies the gas mixture output from the secondary distributor 14 to the soil surface. During the forward travel of the device, the powdery modifier applied by the applicator 13 falls to the soil area in front of the embedment system 6. The disc rake 15 in the rotary burying system 6 cuts and turns the soil and the powdery conditioner applied thereto so that the powdery conditioner is mixed with the soil. The soil crushing roller 4 performs soil crushing treatment and leveling treatment on the mixed soil, so that the surface of the soil after soil mixing is leveled, and the powdery modifier can be neatly embedded into the surface layer of the soil.

Through the cooperation of the application system 2 and the rotary burying system 6, the powdery modifier can be timely mixed into soil after being applied to the soil surface, so that the powdery modifier can finish the application and rotary burying operation along the travelling direction of the device.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic application and rotary embedding device for a powdered modifier, comprising a bracket (7), one end of the bracket (7) being provided with a traction system (1) for connecting to a traction vehicle, and wheels (3) on the bracket (7), characterized in that an application system (2) is provided at the end of the bracket (7) close to the traction system (1), and a rotary embedding system (6) is provided at the end of the bracket (7) away from the traction system (1).

The application system (2) includes a material box (8) and an air delivery pipe (11) installed on a bracket (7). One end of the air delivery pipe (11) is equipped with an air-material mixer (10). The material box (8) is equipped with a discharge motor (16) at the discharge end, which is used to discharge the material in the material box (8) into the air-material mixer (10). A centrifugal fan (9) is provided on one side of the air-material mixer (10). The end of the air delivery pipe (11) away from the centrifugal fan (9) is equipped with a primary distributor (12), a secondary distributor (14) and an applicator (13) connected in sequence through a hose.

The gas-material mixer (10) has a venturi tube structure;

The rotary burial system (6) includes a disc rake (15) and a soil-breaking roller (4) mounted on a bracket (7).

2. The pneumatic application and rotary burial device for powdered modifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the gas mixer (10) near the centrifugal fan (9) is the air inlet (103), the end of the gas mixer (10) near the gas delivery pipe (11) is the gas outlet (101), and the side of the gas mixer (10) near the material box (8) is provided with a discharge port (102).

3. The powdered modifier pneumatic application and rotary burial device according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary distributor (12) includes a primary distribution box (121) installed on the bracket (7), a primary inlet (122) is provided on the side of the primary distribution box (121) near the pneumatic delivery pipe (11), a primary disperser (124) is provided at one end of the primary inlet (122) extending into the interior of the primary distribution box (121), and a plurality of primary discharge ports (123) are provided on the side of the primary distribution box (121) away from the primary inlet (122).

4. The powdered modifier pneumatic application and rotary burial device according to claim 3, characterized in that the secondary distributor (14) includes a secondary distribution box (141) installed on the bracket (7), a secondary inlet (142) is provided on one side of the secondary distribution box (141), a secondary disperser (144) is provided at one end of the secondary inlet (142) extending into the interior of the secondary distribution box (141), and a secondary discharge port (143) is provided at one end of the secondary inlet (142) extending into the exterior of the secondary distribution box (141) through a hose. A plurality of secondary discharge ports (143) are provided on the side of the secondary distribution box (141) away from the secondary inlet (142).

5. The powdered modifier pneumatic application and rotary burial device according to claim 4, characterized in that the feeder (13) is a funnel-shaped structure, the feeder (13) is provided with a feed disperser (17) inside, and one end of the feeder (13) is connected to the opening of the secondary discharge port (143) through a hose.

6. The powdered modifier pneumatic application and rotary burial device according to claim 5, characterized in that the primary disperser (124), the secondary disperser (144) and the material dispensing disperser (17) are all conical structures, and each has several through holes on its sidewall.

7. The pneumatic application and rotary burial device for powdered amendment according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc rake (15) is located between the feeder (13) and the soil crushing roller (4).

8. The powdered modifier pneumatic application and rotary embedding device according to claim 1, characterized in that a marking device (5) is provided on one side of the support (7).