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CN1209714C - Server system based on network storage and expandable system structure and its method - Google Patents

Server system based on network storage and expandable system structure and its method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1209714C
CN1209714C CN 02103274 CN02103274A CN1209714C CN 1209714 C CN1209714 C CN 1209714C CN 02103274 CN02103274 CN 02103274 CN 02103274 A CN02103274 A CN 02103274A CN 1209714 C CN1209714 C CN 1209714C
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metadata
server
load
network
data
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CN1444149A (en
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许鲁
张建刚
范中磊
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Beijing Zhongke Blue Whale Information Technology Co Ltd
TIANJIN BRANCH BLUE WHALE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Institute of Computing Technology of CAS
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Abstract

一种基于网络存储和可扩展体系结构的服务器系统及方法,互连交换网络,系统中的所有服务器和网络存储设备分布式的通过互连交换网络连接;多个运行应用程序的应用服务器通过互连交换网络访问元信息服务器和负载平衡服务器的元数据信息,并通过互连交换网络直接访问存储设备上的数据;多个处理元数据信息的元信息服务器提供元数据的访问和操作服务;至少一个负载平衡服务器,完成文件到元信息服务器的动态映射和系统负载的动态平衡;网络存储设备,存储元数据和数据。本发明的扩展性好,包括性能的可扩展性和存储容量的可扩展性,在系统结构保持基本不变的情况下,系统的性能和容量都可以随着网络带宽的增加而增加。

A server system and method based on network storage and scalable architecture, interconnected switching network, all servers and network storage devices in the system are distributed and connected through the interconnected switching network; multiple application servers running application programs are connected through the interconnection Connect the switching network to access the metadata information of the metadata server and the load balancing server, and directly access the data on the storage device through the interconnection switching network; multiple metadata processing metadata information servers provide metadata access and operation services; at least A load balancing server, which completes the dynamic mapping of files to metadata servers and dynamic balancing of system load; network storage device, stores metadata and data. The present invention has good expansibility, including the expansibility of performance and the expansibility of storage capacity. Under the condition that the system structure remains basically unchanged, the performance and capacity of the system can both increase with the increase of network bandwidth.

Description

The server system of storage Network Based and expandable system structure and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to areas of information technology, the computer server system and the method for particularly a kind of storage Network Based and expandable system structure.
Background technology
The server system of storage Network Based and expandable system structure is meant in the design of server system, is core with the storage system, emphasizes reliability, high-performance, extensibility, manageability and the dynamic process ability of data, services.Technology commonly used at present is SAN (storage area network).
SAN is a kind of high-speed dedicated storage networking or subnet that is similar to common LAN (Local Area Network).Comprised independently a network or a subnet in the SAN structure, optical-fibre channel is the backbone of this network.The structure of SAN as shown in Figure 1, server 1 separates with memory device 3, server is by fiber channel network 2 accessing storage devices.Memory device comprises disk array etc.
SAN based on optical-fibre channel has good reliability, and its main shortcoming is the equipment manufacturing cost height, and interoperability is very poor each other, and system management is complicated and expensive.TFS (passing soft file system) is the canonical system that adopts the SAN structure.
TFS comprises application server, the metadata processing server and the network storage equipment.Metadata processing server and application server all carry disk system, and metadata is separated storage with general data; The transmission of data is directly to deliver to application server from memory device.Advantage is that data transmission efficiency obviously is better than NFS (network file system(NFS)), and shortcoming is to have only a metadata processing server, and poor expandability, the distributed store of data cause the complexity and the poor efficiency of data management.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the server system design proposal of a kind of storage Network Based and expandable system structure, solve the problems such as poor expandability, I/O poor performance, dynamic process ability, data management complexity and cost height in the existing design proposal.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of storage Network Based and expandable system structure.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the server system of a kind of storage Network Based and expandable system structure comprises:
The interconnection exchange network, the Servers-all in the system is connected by the interconnection exchange network with the network storage equipment is distributed;
A plurality of application servers that run application, it is by the metadata information of interconnection exchange network visit metamessage server, and according to this metadata information by the data on the interconnection exchange network DASD;
At least one load balance server is finished metadata to the dynamic single mapping of metamessage server and the mobile equilibrium of system load;
The network storage equipment, storing metadata and data;
The metamessage server of a plurality of process metadata information, it provides the visit and the operate services of metadata, and each the metamessage server in described a plurality of metamessage servers comprises device:
Accept the metadata services request from application server, and judge whether metadata is mapped in the device of this metamessage server;
If this metamessage server is not known mapping relations, then this metamessage server is to the device of load balance server interrogates data map relation;
If metadata is mapped in other metamessage server, the device of the request of the metamessage server process application server at this metamessage server requests metadata place;
If metadata is mapped in this metamessage server, then this metamessage server is handled the metadata of returning from the network storage equipment to network storage equipment request metadata, and the metadata of request is returned to the device of application server.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the method for a kind of storage Network Based and expandable system structure system comprises step:
With the servers all in the expandable system structure system and the network storage equipment distributed by the interconnection exchange network be connected storing metadata and data on the network storage equipment;
At least one load balance server is finished metadata to the dynamic single mapping of metamessage server and the mobile equilibrium of system load;
A plurality of application servers that run application are by the metadata service of a metamessage server in the metamessage server of a plurality of process metadata information of interconnection exchange network request;
This metamessage server is accepted the metadata services request from application server, and judges whether metadata is mapped in this metamessage server;
If this metamessage server is not known mapping relations, then this metamessage server is to load balance server interrogates mapping relations, and the load balance server determines that according to binding mode mapping relations also return to this metamessage server with these mapping relations,
If metadata is mapped in other metamessage server, the request of the metamessage server process application server at this metamessage server requests metadata place,
If metadata is to be mapped in this metamessage server, then this metamessage server is to network storage equipment request metadata, the network storage equipment returns metadata to this metamessage server, this metamessage server process metadata, and with the request metadata return to application server;
Application server is according to the data on this metadata DASD that returns.
Favorable expandability of the present invention comprises the extensibility of performance and the extensibility of memory capacity, and under system architecture kept constant substantially situation, the performance of system and capacity can increase along with the increase of the network bandwidth.It has high I/O performance, and data access adopts directly transmission and virtual interface technology, and access speed reaches and the similar level of local file system, and throughput increases along with the increase of the network bandwidth.Its data have high manageability and reliability, and the centralised storage structure is to be easy to data are carried out unified monitoring management.It has high dynamic process ability, can carry out dynamic adjustments effectively to the load of system according to certain load balancing strategy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the building-block of logic of prior art;
Fig. 2 is an overall logic structural drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the application server process flow diagram;
Fig. 4 is metamessage server flow process figure;
Fig. 5 is load balance server flow process figure.
Embodiment
General principle of design of the present invention is: centralized decision, distributed treatment.Layout strategy of the present invention mainly comprises: on system architecture, select private server mode process metadata; On data access, select direct access mode; To the mapping of system server, select dynamic single mapping mode at file; On data consistency, select File contract mode.
Compare with serverless backup mode (Serverless mode), it is more clear to adopt private server (group) mode system architecture and function to divide; During the storage system upgrading, need not the upgrade application server; The good confidentiality of data; Storage system is easy to control, manage and optimize and is not subjected to the influence of application server; In addition, has favorable expansibility equally.
Immediate data visit is meant that memory device directly links on the network, and server directly carries out the accessing operation of data to equipment by network; Indirect data access is meant by file server and visits data.Obviously, the immediate data access mode is more fast, thereby can improve the performance of system.
The mapping of file and system server comprises dual mode: single mapping and multidimensional mapping.Single mapping is meant that at any time a file can only be mapped to a system server at most.Compare with the multidimensional mapping, single mapping realizes more simple, simplied system structure design greatly; Dirigibility is better, is easy to provide the service that storage waits restriction of sharing; The consistency problem of great reduced data is because each file only is responsible for by a system server.File is locked or contract when operation when need, these operations all are only limited to relevant some servers, rather than distributed operation.In addition, single mapping can well realize the fairness of shining upon and the logicality of mapping.
The consistance of data comprises the consistance of metadata and the consistance of file data.The metadata here not only comprises the metadata in the file system, and comprises dynamic structure associated with the file, as file lock, contract etc.These data structures are complete in system, consistent, confirmability all has decisive influence for complexity, operational efficiency and the rejuvenation of system fast.Employing file contract mode realizes the consistance of file data, has reduced the complexity of system design and realization.
The operation of file can be divided into two big classes: metadata operation class and data manipulation class.Main metadata operation takies 50% system resource approximately, and the data write operation takies 50% system resource approximately.Consider from the storage system angle, not only will provide fast data transmission, and disposal system metadata effectively.The extensibility that metadata is handled is the key of total system extensibility.
In the middle of these are selected, dynamically the selection of single mapping mode is very important: adopt single mapping, the distribution of file between system server just become a complete disjoint division, simplified the design of system architecture, adopt dynamically mapping, load that can the dynamic adjusting system server, the optimization system utilization of resources, thus improve the dynamic process ability of system.
Fig. 2 has described the overall logic structure of the new services device system of storage Network Based and expandable system structure, as can be seen, present invention includes a plurality of application servers 1, a plurality of metamessage server 2, one or more load balance server 3, the network storage equipment 6 and these nodes are coupled together interconnection exchange network 4.
The present invention adopts novel server system structure---distributed network expandable system structure, all server is all distributed with the network storage equipment and be connected by the interconnection exchange network in the system, all servers all pass through exchange network accesses network memory device, and application server is by interconnection exchange network visit metamessage server.Extensibility of the present invention is based on network, promptly, increase along with the network bandwidth, under the prerequisite that does not change system architecture, only need to increase metamessage server, load balance server and the network storage equipment, network server system just can be supported the more application services device and more jumbo, more high performance data, services is provided.
Metadata among the present invention and data centralization are stored on the network storage equipment, and their visit is all finished by the interconnection exchange network.The centralized stores of data makes that manageable per capita data volume improves greatly, is convenient to adopt centralized data management, thereby improves the quality of data management and the reliability of data greatly.The centralized stores of data makes data capacity have good expandability, and only needing increases the network storage equipment, just can increase system memory size.Based on network data and metadata access interface can be easy to realize immediate data visit, make system polymerization I/O throughput almost with the proportional growth of the quantity of system memory devices, thereby provide high I/O performance to server.Because the visit of data is based on network, along with the increase of the network bandwidth, the I/O performance of system also increases thereupon; Only needing increases memory device, and the data, services of more jumbo, higher polymerization I/O throughput just can be provided.
Metamessage server among the present invention and load balance server are system's storage private server fully.Like this, the system server of storage system is clear the separation with application server.
As shown in Figure 3, application server outwards provides various services, and the various user services of operation comprise Email, WEB, Streaming Media and database etc. on application server.Application server is by metamessage server and load balance server access metadata information, by the data on the interconnection exchange network DASD.Because metadata information is that the system server cluster provides by load balance, thereby can obtain high metadata service performance; Owing to adopt the immediate data visit, thereby can obtain high data I/O performance.Take all factors into consideration, application server can obtain high metadata and data, services performance.
As shown in Figure 4, the metamessage server mainly provides visit and the operate services to metadata.For each file, the request that relative all metadata of metamessage server process are relevant.When if this document is catalogue file, the relevant meta information server also is responsible for corresponding catalogue and is handled request, as inquiring about and read catalogue etc.In addition, the metamessage server is also handled relevant request of file lock and the request of file contract.Owing to take the single mapping mode, greatly reduced the situation that needs distributed treatment.Because the operation of metadata takies 50% system resource approximately, therefore the special-purpose metamessage server cluster of employing can effectively improve the parallel processing to metadata information, improves the quality of metadata service greatly.Owing to adopt dynamic mapping mode, also become back binding mode or dynamic binding mode, when serving, request metadata determines just promptly which metamessage server this metadata information is mapped on, can effectively regulate the load of each metamessage server, make the load of metamessage server cluster be in balanced state, thereby whole resource that can the better optimize system server provides comprehensive whole high-performance metadata information service.Along with the increase of the network bandwidth, only needing increases the metamessage server, needn't change system architecture, just can improve the performance of metadata service.Therefore, the metadata service has good expandability.
As shown in Figure 5, the load balance server is finished file to the dynamic mapping of metamessage server and the mobile equilibrium of system load.The decision that file dynamically shines upon need be taken all factors into consideration load, the logical communication link between file and the user's of each metamessage server specific (special) requirements.By the load on the dynamic adjustments metamessage server, can at utmost bring into play the performance of metamessage server cluster, thereby make system have good dynamic process and regulating power.
System management table offers management environment of keeper, comprise that the keeper controls and operation automatically, as file backup with duplicate etc.

Claims (5)

1.一种基于网络存储和可扩展体系结构的服务器系统,包括:1. A server system based on network storage and scalable architecture, comprising: 互连交换网络,系统中的所有服务器和网络存储设备分布式的通过互连交换网络连接;Interconnection switching network, all servers and network storage devices in the system are distributed and connected through the interconnection switching network; 多个运行应用程序的应用服务器,其通过互连交换网络访问元信息服务器的元数据信息,并根据该元数据信息通过互连交换网络直接访问存储设备上的数据;A plurality of application servers running applications, which access the metadata information of the metadata information server through the interconnection switching network, and directly access the data on the storage device through the interconnection switching network according to the metadata information; 至少一个负载平衡服务器,完成元数据到元信息服务器的动态单一映射和系统负载的动态平衡;At least one load balancing server to complete the dynamic single mapping from metadata to metadata information server and the dynamic balance of system load; 网络存储设备,存储元数据和数据;Network storage devices to store metadata and data; 多个处理元数据信息的元信息服务器,其提供元数据的访问和操作服务,所述的多个元信息服务器中的每一个元信息服务器包括下述装置:A plurality of metadata servers processing metadata information, which provide metadata access and operation services, each of the plurality of metadata servers includes the following devices: 从应用服务器接受元数据服务请求,并判断元数据是否映射在该元信息服务器的装置;A device that receives a metadata service request from an application server and determines whether the metadata is mapped to the metadata server; 如果该元信息服务器不知映射关系,则该元信息服务器向负载平衡服务器询问数据映射关系的装置;If the meta-information server does not know the mapping relationship, then the meta-information server asks the load balancing server for the means of data mapping relationship; 如果元数据映射在其它元信息服务器,该元信息服务器请求元数据所在的元信息服务器处理应用服务器的请求的装置;If the metadata is mapped to another metadata server, the metadata server requests the metadata server to process the application server's request; 如果元数据映射在该元信息服务器,则该元信息服务器向网络存储设备请求元数据,处理从网络存储设备返回的元数据,并将请求的元数据返回给应用服务器的装置。If the metadata is mapped to the metadata server, the metadata server requests metadata from the network storage device, processes the metadata returned from the network storage device, and returns the requested metadata to the device of the application server. 2.一种基于网络存储和可扩展体系结构系统的方法,包括步骤:2. A method based on network storage and scalable architecture system, comprising the steps of: 将可扩展体系结构系统中所有的服务器和网络存储设备分布式的通过互连交换网络连接,在网络存储设备上存储元数据和数据;All the servers and network storage devices in the scalable architecture system are distributed and connected through the interconnection switching network, and metadata and data are stored on the network storage devices; 至少一个负载平衡服务器完成元数据到元信息服务器的动态单一映射和系统负载的动态平衡;At least one load balancing server completes the dynamic single mapping of metadata to the metadata server and the dynamic balancing of system load; 多个运行应用程序的应用服务器通过互连交换网络请求多个处理元数据信息的元信息服务器中的一个元信息服务器的元数据服务;Multiple application servers running application programs request the metadata service of one metadata information server among the multiple metadata information processing metadata information servers through the interconnection switching network; 该元信息服务器从应用服务器接受元数据服务请求,并判断元数据是否映射在该元信息服务器;The metadata server receives the metadata service request from the application server, and determines whether the metadata is mapped to the metadata server; 如果该元信息服务器不知映射关系,则该元信息服务器向负载平衡服务器询问映射关系,负载平衡服务器根据绑定方式确定映射关系并将该映射关系返回给该元信息服务器,If the meta-information server does not know the mapping relationship, the meta-information server asks the load balancing server for the mapping relationship, and the load balancing server determines the mapping relationship according to the binding method and returns the mapping relationship to the meta information server, 如果元数据映射在其它元信息服务器,该元信息服务器请求元数据所在的元信息服务器处理应用服务器的请求,If the metadata is mapped to other metadata servers, the metadata server requests the metadata server to process the request of the application server, 如果元数据是映射在该元信息服务器,则该元信息服务器向网络存储设备请求元数据,网络存储设备将元数据返回该元信息服务器,该元信息服务器处理元数据,并将请求的元数据返回给应用服务器;If the metadata is mapped on the metadata server, the metadata server requests the metadata from the network storage device, and the network storage device returns the metadata to the metadata server, and the metadata server processes the metadata and sends the requested metadata return to the application server; 应用服务器根据该返回的元数据直接访问存储设备上的数据。The application server directly accesses the data on the storage device according to the returned metadata. 3.按权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于所述的负载平衡服务器完成系统负载的动态平衡的步骤包括:3. by the described method of claim 2, it is characterized in that the step that described load balancing server completes the dynamic balancing of system load comprises: 根据每个元信息服务器的负载、元数据的逻辑联系和用户的特殊要求对元数据进行动态的映射和元信息服务器之间的动态负载平衡。According to the load of each metadata server, the logical connection of metadata and the special requirements of users, the metadata is dynamically mapped and the dynamic load balance between metadata servers is carried out. 4.按权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于还包括以下步骤;4. by the described method of claim 2, it is characterized in that also comprising the following steps; 用户数据访问请求由外部网络传送到应用服务器;The user data access request is transmitted from the external network to the application server; 应用服务器向元信息服务器发送元数据服务请求;The application server sends a metadata service request to the metadata server; 应用服务器根据返回的元数据向网络存储设备请求数据服务;The application server requests data services from the network storage device according to the returned metadata; 网络存储设备处理应用服务器的数据请求,并将请求的数据返回给应用服务器;The network storage device processes the data request from the application server and returns the requested data to the application server; 应用服务器将返回的数据通过外部网络传送到用户。The application server transmits the returned data to the user through the external network. 5.按权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于所述的负载平衡服务器完成系统负载的动态平衡的步骤包括:5. by the described method of claim 2, it is characterized in that the step that described load balancing server completes the dynamic balancing of system load comprises: 接受元信息服务器发送的负载转移请求或根据元信息服务器负载情况决定是否进行负载平衡;Accept the load transfer request sent by the meta information server or decide whether to perform load balancing according to the load of the meta information server; 通知元信息服务器进行负载转移;Notify the meta information server to transfer the load; 转出负载的元信息服务器向转入负载的元信息服务器发送负载转移的请求;The meta-information server that transfers out load sends a request for load transfer to the meta-information server that transfers in load; 转入负载的元信息服务器处理负载转移请求,并将处理结果返回给转出负载的元信息服务器;The meta information server of the transferred load processes the load transfer request, and returns the processing result to the meta information server of the transferred load; 元信息服务器将负载转移结果通知负载平衡服务器。The meta information server notifies the load balancing server of the load transfer result.
CN 02103274 2002-03-12 2002-03-12 Server system based on network storage and expandable system structure and its method Expired - Fee Related CN1209714C (en)

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CN101668028B (en) * 2008-09-03 2013-03-27 浙江大学 Extendable system structure-based distributed system and application method thereof
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CN102012933B (en) * 2010-12-02 2013-01-30 清华大学 Distributed file system and method for storing data and providing services by utilizing same
CN103188205B (en) * 2011-12-27 2017-09-12 腾讯科技(北京)有限公司 A kind of information method for uploading and system based on LVS framework
CN103595736B (en) * 2012-08-14 2019-02-15 杭州海康威视系统技术有限公司 Access request treating method and apparatus in video monitoring system
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