Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-stage locking type lifting device for construction weight machinery, which is used for preventing parts from being broken due to slipping or overload.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The multistage locking type building weight mechanical lifting device comprises a power input structure, a locking structure and a lifting structure;
The power input structure comprises an input shaft, a pressing part and a friction transmission part;
the locking structure comprises a connecting shaft piece, a locking piece and a fixed disc;
The novel lifting mechanism comprises an outer shell, and is characterized in that an input shaft, a connecting shaft piece and a fixed disc are rotatably arranged in the outer shell, the input shaft is axially provided with a pressing component and a friction transmission component, the pressing component is used for pressing the friction transmission component, the axis of the tail end of the friction transmission component is fixedly provided with the connecting shaft piece along the axial direction, the connecting shaft piece is rotatably connected with the fixed disc, a locking piece is slidably arranged on the fixed disc, the locking piece is detachably arranged in the outer shell, the fixed disc is far away from the axis of one side of the connecting shaft piece and is axially provided with a lifting structure, and when the input shaft rotates, the lifting structure is driven to move up and down.
Further, the pressing component comprises a fixed supporting disc, a follow-up supporting cylinder, a first spring and a sliding sleeve;
The input shaft is fixedly provided with the fixed supporting disc close to the middle part, the outer wall of one side of the input shaft is axially provided with at least one sliding strip, and the sliding strip is positioned on one side of the fixed supporting disc;
The input shaft is rotatably provided with the follow-up supporting cylinder, the follow-up supporting cylinder and the sliding strip are arranged on the same side, the sliding sleeve is arranged in the supporting cylinder, and the sliding sleeve can slide along the opening end of the follow-up supporting cylinder;
the first spring is arranged between the opening end of the sliding sleeve and the inner side of the closed end of the follow-up supporting cylinder, and is sleeved on the input shaft;
The sliding sleeve is characterized in that a sliding groove matched with the sliding strip is axially formed in the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, the sliding groove is in sliding fit with the sliding strip, the opening end of the sliding sleeve is in sliding fit with the input shaft, and the closing end of the sliding sleeve is provided with the friction transmission part.
Further, a plurality of supporting blocks are arranged on the circumferential array at the outer side of the closed end of the follow-up supporting cylinder, a plurality of arc-shaped grooves matched with the supporting blocks are arranged on the circumferential array at one side of the fixed supporting disk, which is close to the follow-up supporting cylinder, and the supporting blocks are abutted against the fixed supporting disk;
The fixed support disc and the follow-up support cylinder are circumferentially arrayed with a plurality of first magnetic poles and second magnetic poles on the side close to each other respectively.
Further, the friction transmission part comprises a first flange, a first friction plate, a second flange and an intermediate connecting shaft;
One side of the first flange is in threaded connection with the first friction plate, and the other side of the first flange is fixedly connected with the closed end of the sliding sleeve; one side of the second flange is in threaded connection with the second friction plate, the other side of the second flange is fixedly connected with the intermediate connecting shaft, the intermediate connecting shaft is rotatably arranged in the outer shell, and the other end of the intermediate connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft piece;
the first friction plate abuts against the second friction plate.
Further, the follow-up support cylinder opening end circumference array has a plurality of first piece of stirring, second flange outer wall circumference array has a plurality of second piece of stirring, first piece and the second piece of stirring interval setting and lie in same perpendicular.
Further, the connecting shaft piece comprises a main shaft, a connecting piece and a split shaft;
The connecting piece is radially arranged at one end of the main shaft, and two split shafts are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the connecting piece along the main shaft;
the fixed disc is provided with two arc-shaped holes in a circumferential array, and the main shaft and the fixed disc are coaxial;
The locking piece comprises two sliding support blocks which are arranged in a mirror image mode, V-shaped holes are formed in the support blocks, and the two sliding support blocks are arranged on the fixed disc in a sliding mode;
the two split shafts respectively penetrate through one V-shaped hole and extend into one arc-shaped hole, the split shafts are in sliding fit with the arc-shaped holes, and the split shafts are attached to the inner walls of the V-shaped holes.
Further, the fixed disc is radially and symmetrically provided with two U-shaped sliding grooves with openings facing outwards from the center, the two sliding support blocks are respectively connected with one U-shaped sliding groove in a sliding mode, a plurality of second springs are respectively arranged on one sides, close to each other, of the two sliding support blocks in an array mode, and the other ends of the second springs are connected with the inner wall of the U-shaped sliding groove;
the second spring pushes the sliding support block to move radially, and the arc-shaped hole is located on the V-shaped hole moving path.
Further, the locking piece further comprises a ratchet, a first ratchet and a second ratchet;
the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel are overlapped and are opposite in tooth direction, and the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel are fixedly arranged in the outer shell;
one side, away from each other, of the two sliding support blocks is fixedly provided with one ratchet respectively, and the two ratchet teeth are meshed with the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel respectively.
Further, the lifting structure comprises a reel connecting shaft, a reel, a traction rope and a hoisting platform;
The winding drum is rotatably arranged on the outer shell, and two ends of the winding drum connecting shaft are respectively and fixedly connected with the winding drum and the axle center of the fixed disc;
the winding drum is provided with the traction rope, and the moving end of the traction rope is provided with the hoisting platform.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The power input structure transmits torque through the friction transmission part, and when the load exceeds the limit, the friction plate skids to trigger mechanical linkage, and the power input is automatically cut off;
The synchronous activation locking structure is that the ratchet teeth of the locking piece are embedded into the bidirectional ratchet wheel at the moment of power cut-off to immediately lock the lifting structure, so that an overload power cut-off and gravity locking double protection mechanism is formed.
Bidirectional self-locking and dynamic adaptability:
the locking structure realizes bidirectional locking through a symmetrical ratchet wheel design, and automatically prevents the lifting structure from sliding downwards when no power is input;
self-adapting to lifting direction:
The dynamic abutting mode of the split shaft in the arc-shaped hole can adapt to the moment direction change of different lifting and descending working conditions.
High reliability and low maintenance cost:
the ratchet wheel-ratchet wheel is used for replacing the traditional worm gear locking, the requirement on the machining precision of parts is reduced, abrasion is resisted, teeth are not easy to collapse, and the friction plate can be quickly restored through a manual reset mechanism after being separated, so that a core part is not required to be disassembled.
Compact linkage design:
The connecting shaft piece drives the V-shaped hole through a split shaft, radially controls the ratchet to stretch and retract, and realizes mechanical linkage of power transmission and locking release.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise indicated.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the multistage locking type construction weight mechanical lifting device comprises a power input structure 1, a locking structure 3 and a lifting structure 4;
the power input structure 1 comprises an input shaft 101, a pressing part and a friction transmission part;
the locking structure 3 comprises a connecting shaft piece, a locking piece and a fixed disc 311;
The input shaft 101 is provided with a pressing part and a friction transmission part along the axial direction, the pressing part is used for pressing the friction transmission part, the axial center of the tail end of the friction transmission part is fixedly provided with the connecting shaft part along the axial direction, the connecting shaft part is rotatably connected with the fixed disc 311, the fixed disc 311 is slidably provided with a locking part, the outer shell is internally provided with the locking part in a detachable way, the fixed disc 311 is provided with a lifting structure 4 along the axial direction far away from the axial center of one side of the connecting shaft part, and the lifting part of the lifting structure 4 is driven to move up and down when the input shaft 101 rotates;
In the actual use process, the first and second friction plates are not described in detail in the prior art, if the first and second friction plates of the friction transmission component are overloaded, the first and second friction plates slip to generate relative sliding, so that the second stirring block 116 pushes the first stirring block 113, thereby enabling the follow-up supporting cylinder 112 to rotate relative to the input shaft 101, the supporting block 109 on the follow-up supporting cylinder 112 falls into the arc-shaped slot 1021 (the second stirring block 116 and the first stirring block 113 are separated at the moment and are not located on the same vertical plane any more), and the first friction plate 108 is driven by the first and second friction plates 114 to separate and cut off power input, so that damage to each component caused by overload transmission is prevented;
When the input end (the main shaft 301) of the locking structure 3 rotates, the ratchet 304 can be driven to retract, so that the rotation of the fixed disc 311 is not influenced, namely the lifting of the lifting structure 4 is not influenced, and conversely when no power is input, the lifting structure 4 cannot realize the locking effect due to the fact that the fixed disc 311 which is pulled by the lifting structure 4 by gravity rotates, and the locking effect is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the pressing member includes a fixed support plate 102, a follower support cylinder 112, a first spring 105, and a sliding sleeve 106;
the input shaft 101 is fixedly provided with the fixed support disc 102 near the middle part, the outer wall of one side of the input shaft 101 is axially provided with at least one sliding strip 104, and the sliding strip 104 is positioned on one side of the fixed support disc 102;
The input shaft 101 is rotatably provided with the follow-up supporting cylinder 112, the follow-up supporting cylinder 112 is on the same side as the sliding strip 104, at least a part of the sliding strip 104 is positioned in the follow-up supporting cylinder 112 so as to facilitate the sliding of the sliding sleeve 106, the sliding sleeve 106 is arranged in the supporting cylinder 112, the sliding sleeve 106 can slide along the opening end of the follow-up supporting cylinder 112, and can slide out of the opening end of the follow-up supporting cylinder 112;
The first spring 105 is arranged between the opening end of the sliding sleeve 106 and the inner side of the closed end of the follow-up supporting cylinder 112, the first spring 105 is abutted with the follow-up supporting cylinder 112 and can rotate relatively to the follow-up supporting cylinder 112, the first spring 105 provides pre-tightening pressure for the first friction plate and the second friction plate, and the first spring 105 is sleeved on the input shaft 101;
The sliding sleeve 106 is provided with a sliding groove 1061 axially adapted to the sliding strip 104 on the inner wall thereof, the sliding groove 1061 is in sliding fit with the sliding strip 104, the opening end of the sliding sleeve 106 is in sliding fit with the input shaft 101, and the closing end of the sliding sleeve 106 is provided with the friction transmission component.
Further, the circumference array at the outer side of the closed end of the follow-up supporting cylinder 112 is provided with a plurality of supporting blocks 109, the circumference array at one side of the fixed supporting plate 102, which is close to the follow-up supporting cylinder 112, is provided with a plurality of arc grooves 1021 adapted to the supporting blocks 109, the supporting blocks 109 are abutted to the fixed supporting plate 102, and the contact surface between the two is provided with larger friction, so that the supporting blocks 109 are ensured not to be driven by the inertia of the follow-up supporting cylinder 112 to rotate relative to the fixed supporting plate 102, and the supporting blocks 109 can be driven to rotate only through the stirring of the second stirring block 116. When the support block 109 falls into the arcuate slot 1021, it will displace the attached component to the left (shown in fig. 2) due to the relative displacement. The fixed support plate 102 and the following support cylinder 112 are circumferentially arrayed with a plurality of first magnetic poles 103 and second magnetic poles 110 on the sides close to each other, and attractive force is maintained between the first magnetic poles 103 and the second magnetic poles 110, so that the support blocks 109 can fall into the arc-shaped grooves 1021 after sliding, and separation between the first friction plates and the second friction plates is ensured.
Further, the friction transmission component comprises a first flange 107, a first friction plate 108, a second friction plate 114, a second flange 115 and an intermediate connecting shaft 117, wherein one side of the first flange 107 is in threaded connection with the first friction plate 108, the other side of the first flange is fixedly connected with the closed end of the sliding sleeve 106, one side of the second flange 115 is in threaded connection with the second friction plate 114, the other side of the second flange is fixedly connected with the intermediate connecting shaft 117, the intermediate connecting shaft 117 is rotatably arranged in the shell, the other end of the intermediate connecting shaft 117 is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft, the first friction plate 108 abuts against the second friction plate 114, the first friction plate and the second friction plate can be driven to rotate together through friction force, and when the load is overweight, slipping occurs to generate relative sliding when the friction moment is insufficient.
Further, the circumferential array at the open end of the follow-up supporting cylinder 112 is provided with a plurality of first stirring blocks 113, the circumferential array at the outer wall of the second flange 115 is provided with a plurality of second stirring blocks 116, and the first stirring blocks 113 and the second stirring blocks 116 are arranged at intervals and are located on the same vertical plane. It is to be ensured that the height of the arc slot 1021 is higher than the thickness of the first toggle block 113, i.e. when the support block 109 falls into the arc slot 1021 completely, the first toggle block 113 and the second toggle block 116 do not overlap in the vertical direction, and the mutual rotation between the two blocks does not affect. In addition, when the first and second friction plates are separated, the first and second friction plates can be manually reset by arranging an opening on the outer shell and arranging a rotating handle on the follow-up supporting cylinder 112.
As shown in fig. 4, the connecting shaft member includes a main shaft 301, a connecting piece 302, and a split shaft 303;
the connecting piece 302 is radially arranged at one end of the main shaft 301, and two sub-shafts 303 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the connecting piece 302 along the main shaft 301;
The fixed disc 311 is provided with two arc holes 312 in a circumferential array, the arc holes 312 are matched with the size of the main shaft 301 to ensure that the main shaft 301 does not move radially and can only move circularly, and the main shaft 301 and the fixed disc 311 are coaxial;
The locking member comprises two sliding support blocks 306 arranged in a mirror image manner, the two sliding support blocks 306 are provided with V-shaped holes 307, the V-shaped holes 307 are formed by overlapping a V-shaped row opening and a square opening, the widest position of the V-shaped opening (the same as the width of the square opening) is consistent with the width of the U-shaped chute 313, the width of the arc-shaped hole 312 is consistent with the width of the square opening, and the two sliding support blocks 306 are slidably arranged on the fixed disc 311;
The two sub-shafts 303 respectively penetrate through the V-shaped hole 307 and extend into the arc-shaped hole 312, the sub-shafts 303 are in sliding fit with the arc-shaped hole 312, and the sub-shafts 303 are attached to the inner wall of the V-shaped hole 307;
When the input shaft 101 is not transmitting power, the split shaft 303 is limited between the V-shaped openings and is attached to the two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped openings under the pushing action of the second spring 308, and is limited at the middle part of the arc-shaped hole 312, and when the input shaft 101 is transmitting power, the split shaft 303 actively acts to press the supporting block 306 radially inwards by pushing the attaching surface of the V-shaped opening, so that the ratchet 304 is separated from the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel, and the fixed disc 311 can rotate by itself.
When lifting the moving end of the lifting structure 4, the moment direction of the split shaft 303 is opposite to the moment direction of the lifting structure 4 to the fixed disc 311, at this time, the two split shafts 303 are respectively abutted against the top of the left arc hole 312 and the bottom of the right arc hole 312 (as shown in fig. 1, the axial direction of the input shaft 101 is observed towards the drum 401, and the subsequent viewing angle is the same), and the two split shafts 303 rotate clockwise to drive the fixed disc 311 to rotate clockwise, so as to lift the moving end of the lifting structure 4.
When the motion end of the lifting structure 4 is lowered, the moment direction of the split shaft 303 is the same as the moment direction of the lifting structure 4 to the fixed disc 311, ① when the rotation speed of the split shaft 303 is greater than the rotation speed of the lifting structure 4 to the fixed disc 311, the two split shafts 303 are respectively abutted to the bottom of the left arc hole 312 and the top of the right arc hole 312, and the two split shafts 303 rotate anticlockwise to drive the fixed disc 311 to rotate anticlockwise, so that the motion end of the lifting structure 4 is lowered. ② When the rotation speed of the sub-shafts 303 is smaller than the rotation speed of the fixed disc 311 brought by the lifting structure 4, the two sub-shafts 303 are respectively abutted to the top of the left arc hole 312 and the bottom of the right arc hole 312, and the two sub-shafts 303 rotate anticlockwise to drive the fixed disc 311 to rotate anticlockwise, so that the moving end of the lifting structure 4 is lifted.
When the load exceeds a preset value, the first friction plate and the second friction plate slip to separate from each other in the mode described above, so that transmission power is cut off, the input end of the main shaft 301 does not have driving moment any more, at the moment, no matter where the split shaft 303 is positioned in the arc-shaped hole 312, the split shaft 303 moves to the middle part of the V-shaped opening to be attached to the two side walls of the V-shaped opening under the pushing of the second spring 308, and meanwhile, the two ratchets 304 are embedded into the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel to realize locking.
In summary, the device not only realizes the locking of the lifting structure 4 in the preset load during the up-and-down movement, but also simultaneously realizes the locking of the input power cut-off during overload. The structure of the ratchet wheel and the ratchet is lower than the precision requirement of the existing worm wheel and worm locking structure on the parts, the transmission and locking effect can be affected when the worm wheel and the worm are in fine abrasion, the teeth are easy to collapse when the load of the user is too high, and the transmission and locking effect can not be affected even if the ratchet wheel and the ratchet structure are in fine abrasion, so that the ratchet wheel and the ratchet locking structure are more reliable.
In addition, the fixed disc 311 is radially symmetrically provided with two U-shaped sliding grooves 313 with openings facing outward from the center, two sliding support blocks 306 are respectively connected with one U-shaped sliding groove 313 in a sliding manner, a plurality of second springs 308 are respectively arranged on one sides, close to each other, of the two sliding support blocks 306, and the other ends of the second springs 308 are connected with the inner wall of the U-shaped sliding groove 313;
the second spring 308 pushes the sliding support block 306 to move radially, and the arc-shaped hole 312 is located on the moving path of the V-shaped hole 307.
The lock-out member further includes a ratchet 304, a first ratchet 309 and a second ratchet 310;
The first ratchet 309 and the second ratchet 310 are overlapped and have opposite teeth, and the first ratchet 309 and the second ratchet 310 are fixedly arranged in the outer housing;
One side of the sliding support block 306, which is far away from each other, is fixedly provided with one ratchet 304, and the two ratchet 304 are respectively engaged with the first ratchet 309 and the second ratchet 310.
Further, the lifting structure 4 comprises a reel connecting shaft, a reel 401, a traction rope 402 and a hoisting platform;
The winding drum 401 is rotatably arranged on the outer shell, and two ends of the winding drum connecting shaft are respectively and fixedly connected with the axes of the winding drum 401 and the fixed disc 311;
The winding drum 401 is provided with a traction rope 402, and the motion end of the traction rope 402 is provided with the hoisting platform.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications, variations, alterations, substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention.