CN120866813A - Method for improving inner surface quality of inner runner part - Google Patents
Method for improving inner surface quality of inner runner partInfo
- Publication number
- CN120866813A CN120866813A CN202511377579.8A CN202511377579A CN120866813A CN 120866813 A CN120866813 A CN 120866813A CN 202511377579 A CN202511377579 A CN 202511377579A CN 120866813 A CN120866813 A CN 120866813A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- flow channel
- inner flow
- metal powder
- inner runner
- conductive metal
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/082—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat without intermediate formation of a liquid in the layer
- C23C24/085—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
- B05D1/06—Applying particulate materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及增材制造技术领域，提供了一种内流道零件内表面质量的改善方法，包括：S1）采用增材制造方法制备内流道零件；S2）将液体石蜡通过内流道零件的内流道，再通入液氮；S3）在内流道零件的一端外部设置导电金属材料，且导电金属材料接地；S4）利用连接高压负电的静电喷涂装置将金属粉末自内流道零件未设置导电金属材料的内流道一端持续喷入；待形成稳定粉末流后，加热内流道零件；S5）撤去导电金属材料，同时停止静电喷涂装置和将内流道零件接地，再撤去内流道零件接地的导线；S6）将内流道零件加热。本申请提供的改善方法针对内流道零件的内流道表面质量不佳、粗糙度大的问题，通过上述方法改善了内流道的表面质量。
This invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology and provides a method for improving the surface quality of an inner flow channel part, comprising: S1) preparing the inner flow channel part using an additive manufacturing method; S2) passing liquid paraffin through the inner flow channel of the inner flow channel part, and then introducing liquid nitrogen; S3) placing a conductive metal material on the exterior of one end of the inner flow channel part, and grounding the conductive metal material; S4) continuously spraying metal powder into the inner flow channel part from the end without the conductive metal material using an electrostatic spraying device connected to a high-voltage negative power supply; after a stable powder flow is formed, heating the inner flow channel part; S5) removing the conductive metal material, simultaneously stopping the electrostatic spraying device and grounding the inner flow channel part, and then removing the grounding wire of the inner flow channel part; S6) heating the inner flow channel part. The improvement method provided in this application addresses the problem of poor surface quality and high roughness of the inner flow channel of an inner flow channel part, and improves the surface quality of the inner flow channel through the above method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of an inner runner part.
Background
Additive manufacturing techniques rely on three-dimensional model data of a part to discretize the model into a series of two-dimensional slices, followed by build-up of material layer by layer to build the part. The additive manufacturing technology can directly manufacture parts without using a die, obviously shortens the production period, improves the production efficiency, is particularly suitable for manufacturing parts with complex structures, small batches and customization, and is also commonly manufactured by adopting the additive manufacturing technology at present.
During additive manufacturing, the melting and solidification of each layer creates steps from layer to layer that accumulate on the part surface, resulting in increased surface roughness. The internal flow path relates to fluid flow, so that the surface roughness difference can cause the increase of fluid flow resistance, reduce the flow efficiency of the fluid and influence the function of the parts. Meanwhile, the poor surface roughness of the inner runner can also cause stress concentration, and the mechanical property is reduced.
Regarding the surface post-treatment technology of parts, the prior art is mostly developed and designed for the outer surface of the parts. For the inner runner surface of additively manufactured parts, conventional surface machining processes are difficult to reach, and even if they are available, the size and shape of the machining tool are limited and efficient machining is difficult. Thus, there is a lack of effective solutions to the special requirements of additive manufacturing of the inner surfaces of the inner runner components.
Therefore, development of a treatment method for improving the inner surface quality of an internal runner part in additive manufacturing is urgently needed, and wider engineering application of the additive manufacturing technology can be promoted while improving the surface quality of the internal runner part.
Disclosure of Invention
The application solves the technical problem of providing a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of an inner runner part, and the method provided by the application can improve the roughness of the inner surface of the inner runner part.
In view of the above, the present application provides a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of an inner runner component, comprising the steps of:
S1) preparing an inner runner part by adopting an additive manufacturing method;
S2) liquid paraffin passes through an inner runner of the inner runner part, and then liquid nitrogen is introduced into the inner runner of the inner runner part so as to form a paraffin film on the surface of the inner runner part;
S3) arranging a conductive metal material outside one end of the inner runner part obtained in the step S2), wherein the shape of the conductive metal material is the same as that of the corresponding end of the inner runner part, and the conductive metal material is grounded;
s4) continuously spraying metal powder from one end of the inner flow path part, which is not provided with the conductive metal material, of the inner flow path part obtained in the step S2) by utilizing an electrostatic spraying device connected with high-voltage negative electricity;
After the metal powder forms stable powder flow in the inner runner of the inner runner part, heating the inner runner part to volatilize the paraffin film;
s5) removing the conductive metal material, stopping the electrostatic spraying device and grounding the inner runner part at the same time, enabling the metal powder to be deposited on the surface of the inner runner part, and removing a wire grounded to the inner runner part;
and S6) heating the inner runner part obtained in the step S5).
In some embodiments, step S6) further comprises, after:
s7) injecting high-pressure gas into the inner runner of the inner runner component obtained in the step S6).
In some embodiments, step S7) further comprises, after:
And then sequentially repeating the steps S2) to S7) for 1-3 times.
In some embodiments, the metal powder in step S4) is the same as the material of the inner runner component, the metal powder is the same as or different from the material of the inner runner component in the repeated 1-3 times process, and/or the particle size of the metal powder is 5-20 μm.
In some embodiments, in step S3), the conductive metal material is a copper block, and/or a distance between the conductive metal material and a part end near the inner runner is 10-40 mm.
In some embodiments, in step S4), a distance between the electrostatic spraying device and one end of the inner runner component, where the conductive metal material is not disposed, is 5-10 mm, and/or in step S4), the heating is performed by induction heating or a movable heating mode of a ceramic heating plate, and the heating temperature is greater than the boiling point of the liquid paraffin.
In some specific embodiments, in step S6), the heating is performed by:
Firstly, heating the inner runner part obtained in the step S5) to 550-600 ℃, preserving heat for 30-60 min, then heating to 0.7-0.8 times of the melting point of the metal powder, and preserving heat for 120-180 min.
In some embodiments, in step S7), the high-pressure gas is air or argon, and/or the flow rate of the high-pressure gas is 4-7 l/min.
In some embodiments, the material of the inner runner component comprises GH3536 superalloy, TC4 titanium alloy, GH5188 superalloy.
In some embodiments, step S1) is specifically:
Establishing a CAD digital model of the internal runner part;
and placing metal powder into a powder bin of the additive manufacturing equipment, and preparing the inner runner part through an additive manufacturing method according to the CAD digital model.
The application provides a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of an inner runner part, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing the inner runner part by an additive manufacturing method, then spraying metal powder on the inner surface of the inner runner part by an electrostatic spraying method, and simultaneously controlling the movement direction of the metal powder by changing the direction of an electric field, so that a dense metal layer with good bonding strength is formed on the original rugged surface of the inner runner part, particularly on a concave area, the roughness of the inner surface of the inner runner part is improved, and the improvement of the surface quality of the inner runner part is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of an inner runner component according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are merely intended to illustrate further features and advantages of the invention, and are not limiting of the claims of the invention.
In view of the problem that the surface quality of an inner runner part needs to be improved in the prior art, the application provides a method for improving the surface quality of the inner runner part, a flow chart is shown in figure 1, the inner runner part is firstly prepared by using an additive manufacturing method, and then the moving direction of metal powder is controlled by changing the direction of an electric field in an electrostatic spraying mode, so that a compact metal material layer with good bonding strength is formed on the surface of the inner runner, particularly in a concave area, and the surface quality of the inner runner is improved. Specifically, the embodiment of the application discloses a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of an inner runner part, which comprises the following steps:
S1) preparing an inner runner part by adopting an additive manufacturing method;
S2) liquid paraffin passes through an inner runner of the inner runner part, and then liquid nitrogen is introduced into the inner runner of the inner runner part so as to form a paraffin film on the surface of the inner runner part;
S3) arranging a conductive metal material outside one end of the inner runner part obtained in the step S2), wherein the shape of the conductive metal material is the same as that of the corresponding end of the inner runner part, and the conductive metal material is grounded;
s4) continuously spraying metal powder from one end of the inner flow path part, which is not provided with the conductive metal material, of the inner flow path part obtained in the step S2) by utilizing an electrostatic spraying device connected with high-voltage negative electricity;
After the metal powder forms stable powder flow in the inner runner of the inner runner part, heating the inner runner part to volatilize the paraffin film;
s5) removing the conductive metal material, stopping the electrostatic spraying device and grounding the inner runner part at the same time, enabling the metal powder to be deposited on the surface of the inner runner part, and removing a wire grounded to the inner runner part;
and S6) heating the inner runner part obtained in the step S5).
In the method for improving the quality of the inner surface of the inner runner part, the inner runner part is prepared by adopting an additive manufacturing method, and the additive manufacturing method specifically comprises the following steps:
and establishing a CAD digital model of the inner runner part according to the size of the inner runner part, placing metal powder into a bin of the additive manufacturing equipment according to the material of the inner runner part, and completing the preparation of the inner runner part by utilizing an additive manufacturing technology according to the CAD digital model.
In the process of preparing the inner runner component by using the additive manufacturing method, the metal powder can be powder of single metal or powder of multiple metals, namely alloy powder, the components of the alloy powder are not particularly limited, the metal powder can be selected according to the material of the inner runner component, and the metal powder is GH3536 superalloy powder if the inner runner component is a GH3536 superalloy swirler, the metal powder is TC titanium alloy powder if the inner runner component is a TC titanium alloy vent pipe, the metal powder is GH5188 superalloy if the inner runner component is a GH5188 superalloy nozzle, and the metal powder is GH5188 superalloy. The additive manufacturing method is performed according to a method well known to those skilled in the art, and the present application is not particularly limited thereto. The inner runner of the inner runner part can be a regular-shaped inner runner or an irregular-shaped inner runner, and the improvement method provided by the application is applicable.
After the preparation of the inner runner part is completed, in the step S2), liquid paraffin passes through the inner runner of the inner runner part, liquid nitrogen is introduced into the inner runner of the inner runner part to form a paraffin film on the surface of the inner runner part, in the process, the liquid paraffin enters from one end of the inner runner and flows out from the other end, and the surface of the inner runner is fully covered under the liquid state by utilizing the fluidity of the liquid paraffin, so that the paraffin film covering the surface of the inner runner is formed. After liquid nitrogen is introduced, a paraffin film is formed on the surface of the inner runner, and the paraffin film is an insulating layer on the surface of the inner runner, so that metal powder can be prevented from accumulating at an inlet of the inner runner when the metal powder just begins to enter the inner runner, the metal powder is unevenly distributed and cannot form stable powder flow, the heating and sintering effects of the metal powder are affected, and the metal powder flow is formed in the inner runner.
In step S3), a conductive metal material is arranged outside one end of the inner runner part, the shape of the conductive metal material is the same as that of the inner runner part at the opposite end of the inner runner part, and the conductive metal material is grounded, in the process, the conductive metal material is grounded to form a positive electrode, and metal powder sprayed by the electrostatic spraying device is negatively charged, so that the metal powder moves from the electrostatic spraying device to the conductive metal material, and a metal powder flow is formed in the inner runner. In the application, the conductive metal material is selected from copper blocks, the distance between the copper blocks and the near-inner runner port is 10-40 mm, if the distance is smaller than 10mm, the space between the copper blocks and the inner runner part is too small to be positioned, the operation difficulty is high, and if the distance is larger than 40mm, the metal powder flow cannot be completely adsorbed on the surface of the copper blocks, and the possibility that the metal powder splashes outside the copper blocks is caused, so that the metal powder is wasted. Therefore, the distance between the copper block and the near-part inner flow passage port is selected to be 10-40 mm, and specifically, the distance between the copper block and the near-part inner flow passage port is 20-30 mm. The shape and the size of the port of the inner runner part near the copper block end are the same as those of the copper block, and the diameter of the controllable metal powder flow is equal to that of the inner runner, so that the stable flowing metal powder flow is formed in the inner runner.
In the step S4), firstly, the electrostatic spraying device connected with high-voltage negative electricity is utilized to continuously spray metal powder from one end of an inner runner of the inner runner part, where the inner runner is not provided with conductive metal materials, in the process, the distance between the electrostatic spraying device and a port of the inner runner of the near part is 5 mm-10 mm, if the distance is smaller than 5mm, the space between the electrostatic spraying device and the part is too small to position, the operation difficulty is high, if the distance is greater than 10mm, the metal powder flow cannot fully enter the inner runner, the metal powder can splash to the outside of the part, and the metal powder is wasted. Therefore, the distance between the electrostatic spraying device and the port of the flow channel in the near part is selected to be 5 mm-10 mm. The chemical composition of the metal powder is the same as that of the inner channel part, and the granularity of the metal powder is 5-20 mu m. The metal powder is introduced to ensure that a compact metal coating with good bonding strength is formed on the original rugged surface of the inner runner, particularly on the concave area through the subsequent heating and sintering process, and the surface roughness is improved by filling the concave area. The materials of the metal powder and the inner runner part can be the same or different, and the metal powder with the same chemical composition as the part is used, so that the best bonding strength can be ensured, and the problem of metallurgical incompatibility possibly existing in a heterogeneous material interface is avoided. If the granularity of the metal powder is larger than 20 mu m, the metal powder is easy to fall off from the surface of the inner runner under the action of self gravity after electrostatic treatment, the bonding effect is poor, meanwhile, the granularity is too large to fill the concave area of the surface of the inner runner, the improvement effect on the surface roughness is limited, in addition, the sintering effect of the powder with too large granularity is poor in the subsequent heating process of the inner runner part, the pores of the sintered metal are more, the bonding strength with the surface of the inner runner is influenced, the best effect of improving the surface roughness cannot be achieved, and if the granularity of the metal powder is smaller than 5 mu m, the metal powder is easy to agglomerate, the fluidity is poor, and stable powder flow is difficult to form. Therefore, the particle size of the metal powder used is 5 μm to 20 μm.
And continuously spraying metal powder along with the electrostatic spraying device, and heating the inner runner part after the metal powder forms stable powder flow in the inner runner of the inner runner part so as to volatilize paraffin films on the surface of the inner runner. In the above process, the diameter and flow rate of the powder flow were visually observed to be constant, and a stable powder flow was formed. The heating to remove the paraffin film allows the metal powder to cover the surface of the inner flow channel in step S5), and if the paraffin film is also present between the surface of the inner flow channel and the metal powder, the bonding strength of the inner flow channel surface and the metal powder may be deteriorated. The heating mode of the inner runner part is a movable heating mode such as induction heating and a ceramic heating plate, the movable heating mode is adopted because the electrostatic spraying device is still spraying powder at the moment, the difficulty of placing the powder in a heat treatment furnace for heating is high, and the movable heating mode is simpler and more convenient to use and has stronger operability. The heating temperature is higher than the boiling point of the liquid paraffin so as to ensure that the paraffin film is fully volatilized and avoid the phenomenon that the residual paraffin forms impurities on the surfaces of the metal and the inner runner after the inner runner part is heated and sintered to influence the bonding strength.
In the step S5), the conductive metal material is removed, the electrostatic spraying device is stopped, and the inner runner part is grounded, and in the step, the conductive metal material arranged outside is removed, and the inner runner part is grounded to form an anode, so that the moving direction of the metal powder is changed, the metal powder originally moving in the inner runner is adhered to the surface of the inner runner, a metal powder layer uniformly covering the surface of the inner runner is formed, and the deposition of the metal powder layer on the inner surface of the inner runner part is completed. And removing the grounding wire of the inner runner part, namely removing the external device of the inner runner part, so as to prepare for the subsequent step.
In the step S6), the obtained inner runner part is heated, in the heating process, the inner runner part is firstly heated to 550-600 ℃ from room temperature, the temperature is kept for 30-60 min, the temperature is further heated to 0.7-0.8 times of the melting point of the metal powder, the temperature is kept for 120-180 min, and finally the inner runner part is cooled to the room temperature along with a furnace, and the heating is preferably carried out in a heat treatment furnace. In the heating process, the room temperature is heated to 550-600 ℃ at first, heat is preserved for 30-60 min, so that residual paraffin is fully volatilized, defects and impurities are prevented from being formed in sintered metal, if the heating temperature is less than 550 ℃, the paraffin is low in volatilization speed, low in efficiency and insufficient in volatilization, if the heating temperature is greater than 600 ℃, the paraffin is volatilized too quickly, air hole defects are easily formed, the density of the sintered metal is damaged, therefore, the heating temperature is selected to be 550-600 ℃, if the heat preservation time is less than 30min, the paraffin volatilization is insufficient, if the heat preservation time is greater than 60min, the paraffin volatilization effect is not remarkably increased, the processing time is prolonged, the production efficiency is reduced, and therefore, the heat preservation time is selected to be 30-60 min, and particularly, the heating temperature is 570-590 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 40-50 min. After the first heating treatment, the metal powder is heated to 0.7-0.8 times of the melting point of the metal powder, and is kept for 120-180 min, so that a compact metal layer is formed by sintering the metal powder, if the heating temperature is lower than 0.7-0.8 times of the melting point of the metal powder, the growth driving force of the metal powder is insufficient, the sintering effect is not obvious, if the heating temperature is higher than 0.7-0.8 times of the melting point of the metal powder, the temperature is too high, crystal grains of the metal layer are rapidly grown after sintering, the performance of the metal layer is deteriorated, therefore, the heating temperature is 0.7-0.8 times of the melting point of the metal powder, if the heat preservation time is less than 120min, the sintering effect of the metal powder is not obvious, if the heat preservation time is longer than 180min, the sintering effect of the metal powder is not remarkably increased, the production efficiency is reduced, and therefore, the heat preservation time is selected between 120min and 180min, the heating temperature is 0.8-150 min, and the heat preservation time is 130-150 min. After heating, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, so as to achieve the effect of slow cooling, slowly release the thermal stress and avoid cracking and peeling of the sintered metal.
Furthermore, the application also injects high-pressure gas into the inner runner of the obtained inner runner part so as to further clean unnecessary substances such as unsintered metal powder, impurities and the like possibly remained in the inner runner part. The high-pressure gas is common industrial compressed gas such as air and argon, the flow rate of the high-pressure gas is 4L/min-7L/min, if the flow rate of the high-pressure gas is smaller than 4L/min, the air flow is insufficient, the cleaning effect is poor, if the gas flow rate of the high-pressure gas is larger than 7L/min, the gas consumption is increased, but the cleaning effect cannot be obviously increased, but the gas use cost is increased, so that the gas flow rate of the high-pressure gas is selected to be 4L/min-7L/min, and particularly, the gas flow rate of the high-pressure gas is 5-6L/min. The high-pressure gas is selected from common industrial compressed gases such as air, argon and the like.
Further, in order to sufficiently improve the surface quality of the inner runner component, the steps S2) to S8) are repeated 1 to 3 times, that is, the steps are repeated 1, 2 or 3 times after the steps are completed, if the repetition number is less than 1, the best effect cannot be achieved, some positions may not be completely treated, if the repetition number is more than 3, the treatment effect cannot be remarkably increased, the time is prolonged, and the production efficiency is reduced. In the repeated process, the metal powder may be the same as or different from the material of the inner runner component.
The application provides a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of an inner runner part, which controls the movement direction of metal powder by changing the direction of an electric field, so that a concave area of the original concave-convex surface of the inner runner forms a compact metal layer with good bonding strength, and the surface roughness is improved by filling the concave area. The method has better accessibility and is suitable for improving the surface quality of the inner runner in additive manufacturing.
In order to further understand the present invention, the following detailed description will be given of the method for improving the quality of the inner surface of the inner runner component according to the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of a GH3536 superalloy swirler, comprising the following steps:
1) Establishing a CAD digital model of the GH3536 superalloy swirler;
2) Placing GH3536 high-temperature alloy powder into a powder bin of a laser selective melting additive manufacturing device, and completing laser selective melting additive manufacturing of the swirler according to the established CAD digital model;
3) Pouring liquid paraffin from one end of a runner in the vortex device and flowing out from the other end;
4) Introducing liquid nitrogen into the inner flow passage of the vortex device to solidify paraffin on the surface of the inner flow passage into a paraffin film;
5) A copper block is arranged outside one end of the inner flow passage of the vortex device, the copper block is grounded through a lead, the distance between the copper block and the port of the inner flow passage of the vortex device is 40mm, the shape of the opposite surfaces of the copper block and the port of the inner flow passage is circular, and the diameter of the copper block is 35mm;
6) Spraying GH3536 high-temperature alloy powder with granularity of 5-20 mu m from one end of a vortex flow channel, which is not provided with copper blocks, by using an electrostatic spraying device, wherein the spraying device is connected with high-voltage negative electricity, and the distance between the electrostatic spraying device and a port of the vortex flow channel is 10mm;
7) After GH3536 superalloy powder forms stable powder flow in the inner flow channel of the swirler, heating the swirler to 400 ℃ by using a ceramic heating plate to volatilize paraffin film on the surface of the inner flow channel;
8) Removing the externally arranged copper block, simultaneously grounding the vortex device through a lead, and stopping spraying powder by using the electrostatic spraying device;
9) Removing the grounding wire of the vortex device;
10 Placing the vortex device into a heat treatment furnace, firstly heating to 550 ℃ from room temperature, preserving heat for 30min, then heating to 1036 ℃, preserving heat for 120 min, and finally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
11 High-pressure air is injected into the inner flow passage of the vortex device, the air flow is 4L/min, and the duration is 1min;
12 Repeating the steps 3) to 11) for 1 time.
The surface roughness of the inner flow path of the material-increasing manufacturing vortex device is measured by using a roughness tester, and the result shows that the surface roughness of the inner flow path of the vortex device is Ra6.3 mu m, which is obviously improved compared with the surface roughness Ra12.6mu m before the material-increasing manufacturing vortex device is processed by the method.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of a TC4 titanium alloy ventilation pipe, which comprises the following steps:
1) Establishing a CAD digital model of the TC4 titanium alloy ventilation pipe;
2) Placing TC4 titanium alloy powder into a powder bin of laser selective melting additive manufacturing equipment, and completing laser selective melting additive manufacturing of the ventilation pipe according to the established CAD digital model;
3) Pouring liquid paraffin from one end of the inner flow channel of the ventilation pipe and flowing out from the other end;
4) Introducing liquid nitrogen into the inner flow passage of the ventilation pipe to solidify paraffin on the surface of the inner flow passage into a paraffin film;
5) A copper block is arranged outside one end of the inner flow passage of the ventilation pipe, the copper block is grounded through a lead, the distance between the copper block and the port of the inner flow passage of the ventilation pipe is 20mm, the shape of the opposite surfaces of the copper block and the port of the inner flow passage is circular, and the diameter is 18mm;
6) Spraying TC4 titanium alloy powder with granularity of 5-20 mu m from one end of the inner flow passage of the ventilation pipe, which is not provided with copper blocks, by using an electrostatic spraying device, wherein the spraying device is connected with high-voltage negative electricity, and the distance between the electrostatic spraying device and the port of the inner flow passage of the ventilation pipe is 8mm;
7) After TC4 titanium alloy powder forms stable powder flow in the inner flow passage of the ventilation pipe, the ventilation pipe is heated to 350 ℃ by using induction heating equipment, so that paraffin films on the surface of the inner flow passage volatilize;
8) Removing the copper block arranged outside, simultaneously grounding the ventilation pipe through a lead, and stopping spraying powder by using the electrostatic spraying device;
9) Removing the grounding wire of the ventilation pipe;
10 Placing the ventilation pipe into a heat treatment furnace, firstly heating to 570 ℃ from room temperature, preserving heat for 40min, then heating to 1232 ℃, preserving heat for 150min, and finally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
11 High-pressure air is injected into the inner flow passage of the ventilation pipe, the air flow is 6L/min, and the duration is 2min;
12 Repeating steps 3) to 11) 2 times.
The surface roughness of the additive manufactured ventilation pipe was measured by using a roughness tester, and as a result, the surface roughness of the inner flow path of the ventilation pipe was Ra5.2 μm, which was significantly improved compared with that before the treatment (surface roughness Ra11.5 μm) by using the method of the present invention.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of a GH5188 superalloy nozzle, which comprises the following steps:
1) Establishing a CAD digital model of the GH5188 superalloy nozzle;
2) Placing GH5188 high-temperature alloy powder into a powder bin of a laser selective melting additive manufacturing device, and completing laser selective melting additive manufacturing of a nozzle according to the established CAD digital model;
3) Pouring liquid paraffin from one end of a runner in the nozzle and flowing out from the other end;
4) Introducing liquid nitrogen into the inner runner of the nozzle to solidify paraffin on the surface of the inner runner into a paraffin film;
5) A copper block is arranged outside one end of the inner flow passage of the nozzle, the copper block is grounded through a lead, the distance between the copper block and the port of the inner flow passage of the nozzle is 10mm, the shape of the opposite surfaces of the copper block and the port of the inner flow passage is circular, and the diameter is 15mm;
6) Spraying GH5188 high-temperature alloy powder with the granularity of 5-20 mu m from one end of a flow passage in a nozzle, which is not provided with copper blocks, by using an electrostatic spraying device, wherein the spraying device is connected with high-voltage negative electricity, and the distance between the electrostatic spraying device and a port of the flow passage in the nozzle is 5mm;
7) After GH5188 superalloy powder forms stable powder flow in the inner runner of the nozzle, the nozzle is heated to 360 ℃ by using a ceramic heating plate, so that paraffin films on the surface of the inner runner volatilize;
8) Removing the copper block arranged outside, simultaneously grounding the nozzle through a lead, and stopping spraying powder by using the electrostatic spraying device;
9) Removing the grounding wire of the nozzle;
10 Placing the nozzle into a heat treatment furnace, firstly heating to 600 ℃ from room temperature, preserving heat for 60min, then heating to 1040 ℃, preserving heat for 180 min, and finally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
11 High-pressure air is injected into the inner flow passage of the nozzle, the air flow is 7L/min, and the duration is 4min;
12 Repeating steps 3) to 11) 3 times.
The surface roughness of the inner runner of the additive manufacturing nozzle is measured by using a roughness tester, and the result shows that the surface roughness of the inner runner of the nozzle is Ra6.6mu.m, which is obviously improved compared with the surface roughness Ra12.3mu.m before the method is not used for treatment.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for improving the quality of the inner surface of a GH3625 high-temperature alloy fuel spray rod, which comprises the following steps:
1) Establishing a CAD digital model of the GH3625 high-temperature alloy fuel spray rod;
2) Placing GH3625 high-temperature alloy powder into a powder bin of a laser selective melting additive manufacturing device, and completing laser selective melting additive manufacturing of a fuel spray rod according to the established CAD digital model;
3) Pouring liquid paraffin from one end of an inner runner of the fuel spray rod and flowing out from the other end;
4) Introducing liquid nitrogen into the inner runner of the fuel spray rod to solidify paraffin on the surface of the inner runner into a paraffin film;
5) The copper block is arranged outside one end of the inner flow passage of the fuel spray rod and is grounded through a lead, the distance between the copper block and the port of the inner flow passage of the fuel spray rod is 40mm, the shape of the opposite surfaces of the copper block and the port of the inner flow passage is circular, and the diameter of the copper block is 20mm;
6) Spraying GH5188 high-temperature alloy powder with granularity of 5-20 mu m from one end of an inner flow passage of a fuel spray rod, which is not provided with copper blocks, by using an electrostatic spraying device, wherein the spraying device is connected with high-voltage negative electricity, and the distance between the electrostatic spraying device and a port of the inner flow passage of a nozzle is 10mm;
7) After GH5188 high-temperature alloy powder forms stable powder flow in an inner runner of a fuel spray rod, heating the fuel spray rod to 380 ℃ by using a ceramic heating plate to volatilize paraffin films on the surface of the inner runner;
8) Removing the copper block arranged outside, simultaneously grounding the fuel spray rod through a lead, and stopping spraying powder by using the electrostatic spraying device;
9) Removing a grounding wire of the fuel spray rod;
10 Placing the fuel spray boom into a heat treatment furnace, firstly heating to 600 ℃ from room temperature, preserving heat for 60min, then heating to 910 ℃, preserving heat for 120 min, and finally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
11 High-pressure air is injected into the inner runner of the fuel spray rod, the air flow is 7L/min, and the duration is 6min;
12 Repeating steps 3) to 11) 3 times.
The surface roughness of the inner runner of the additive manufactured fuel spray rod is measured by using a roughness tester, and the result shows that the surface roughness of the inner runner of the fuel spray rod is Ra6.3 mu m, which is obviously improved compared with the surface roughness Ra11.7mu m before the additive manufactured fuel spray rod is processed by the method. Meanwhile, the highest service temperature of the GH5188 superalloy is about 1000 ℃, and the highest service temperature of the GH3625 superalloy is about 900 ℃; the GH5188 high-temperature alloy powder is used for treating the fuel spray rod, so that the high-temperature resistance of the GH5188 high-temperature alloy is exerted while the surface roughness of an inner runner is improved, the use temperature of a part is improved, and the application scene of the part is further expanded.
The above description of the embodiments is only for aiding in the understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
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| CN119928260A (en) * | 2025-01-07 | 2025-05-06 | 香港科技大学(广州) | A 3D printing method, flow channel structure and 3D printing device |
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| DE2448301A1 (en) * | 1974-10-10 | 1976-04-22 | Salzgitter Peine Stahlwerke | Electrostatic powder spraying for pre-heated metal tubes - pipes are temporarily heated about three hundred degrees C |
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