CN120603119A - A single arc chamber three-phase AC arc plasma discharge device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a single-arc chamber three-phase AC arc plasma discharge device, comprising a housing, an electrode assembly, and an auxiliary arc-starting device. The front section of the housing is a hollow truncated cone structure, the rear section is a cylindrical hollow structure with a constricted hollow structure at the tail, a water-cooling channel is provided within the housing, and the auxiliary arc-starting device is located in the front section of the housing. The housing is provided with multiple sets of annular air inlet mechanisms along the axial front and rear sides, the annular air inlet mechanisms communicating with the air chamber of the annular air inlet mechanism via external air inlet holes, and the inner wall of the annular air inlet mechanism has a plurality of tangential air holes arranged along the inner wall circumference, communicating with the air chamber, and gas is uniformly introduced into the arc discharge region through the tangential air holes. The present invention adopts a single arc chamber design, which simplifies the device structure and reduces costs. The water-cooling design of the housing and electrode assembly effectively extends the service life of the device. The auxiliary arc-starting device can quickly and stably start an arc, improving arc discharge efficiency. The uniform gas supply ensures high efficiency in the plasma discharge region.

Description

Single arc chamber three-phase alternating current arc plasma discharge device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plasma discharge equipment, in particular to a single-arc-chamber three-phase alternating-current arc plasma discharge device.

Background

The arc plasma is widely applied to a plurality of fields such as solid waste treatment (such as household garbage, medical garbage, industrial waste and the like), energy chemical industry (such as ignition, combustion supporting, gasification and the like of a coal-fired power plant boiler), material treatment (such as metal smelting, reduction and the like) and the like due to the characteristics of high temperature, high energy density, high activity and the like. The method is used for generating arc plasmas in various forms, and has the advantages of lower equipment development and operation cost, longer service life of electrodes, higher thermal efficiency and the like compared with other modes due to the alternating-current arc plasma technology, and has wide application prospect in the industrial application field.

However, the existing three-phase ac arc plasma torch generally adopts each phase of independent arc discharge chamber to discharge, and then enters a common mixing chamber to perform intersection of three-phase arcs, so that the device structure is complex, and the operation cost is increased. If the existing arc discharge mode is changed, a plurality of alternating current arc discharges are carried out in a single arc chamber, so that electric energy can be simply and efficiently converted into heat energy, the whole discharge device is more compact in structural form, and for certain application scenes, such as the treatment fields of high-temperature pyrolysis of plasmas of toxic and harmful waste gas, a single arc discharge space is constructed, the waste gas is led into the arc chamber to realize gas harmless in a larger plasma discharge area constructed by three-phase alternating current arcs, and the treatment is more direct and efficient. To this end, the invention provides a single arc chamber three phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a single-arc-chamber three-phase alternating-current arc plasma discharge device, which aims to solve various defects in the existing arc discharge technology through innovative design and achieve the purposes of improving equipment efficiency, simplifying structure and reducing cost.

According to one purpose of the invention, the single-arc chamber three-phase alternating current arc plasma discharge device comprises a shell, an electrode assembly and an auxiliary arc striking device, wherein the shell is of a hollow structure, the front section of the shell is of a hollow round platform structure, the rear section of the shell is of a cylindrical hollow structure, the tail part of the shell is of a contracted hollow structure, a water cooling channel is arranged in the shell, the auxiliary arc striking device is positioned at the front section of the shell, a plurality of groups of annular air inlet mechanisms are arranged in front of and behind the shell along the axial direction, the annular air inlet mechanisms are communicated with an air chamber of the annular air inlet mechanisms through outer air inlet holes, a plurality of tangential air holes are arranged on the inner wall of the annular air inlet mechanisms along the circumferential direction of the inner wall, the tangential air holes are communicated with the air chamber, and gas is uniformly introduced into an arc discharge area through the tangential air holes.

Further, the electrode assemblies are uniformly distributed at 120 ° in the circumferential direction of the lateral cross section of the case.

Further, the electrode assembly comprises a U-shaped electrode, an isolation sleeve and a hydropower connecting piece, wherein a water flow channel is arranged in the U-shaped electrode, the isolation sleeve is connected to two ends of the U-shaped electrode through threads, the hydropower connecting piece is connected to the U-shaped electrode through threads, and the hydropower connecting piece is connected to an external water supply system.

Further, an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the U-shaped electrode, the isolation sleeve and the hydropower connecting piece.

Further, the isolation sleeve is made of polyimide electric insulation materials, and two ends of the isolation sleeve are smooth inner barrel structures.

Further, the auxiliary arc striking device adopts a high-frequency high-voltage discharge technology, the discharge voltage is not lower than 5KV, the frequency is not lower than 1KHz, and the duration of single discharge is not lower than 300ms.

Further, the shell is provided with three groups of annular air inlet mechanisms for independent air supply.

Further, a circle of air inlet holes are formed in the periphery of the auxiliary arc striking device on the shell, and the air inlet direction of the air inlet holes is parallel to the axis direction of the shell.

Further, a series of through holes are respectively formed in the inner side and the outer side of the air chamber on the cross section of the annular air inlet mechanism, and the water cooling channels in the shell are communicated through the through holes.

Further, the air chamber is an annular cavity in the circumferential direction inside the annular air inlet mechanism.

The technical scheme of the invention realizes efficient and stable arc plasma generation through an innovative structural design and an optimized gas supply system. The single arc chamber design is adopted, the equipment structure is simplified, the cost is reduced, the water cooling design of the shell and the electrode assembly effectively prolongs the service life of the equipment, the auxiliary arc striking device can rapidly and stably strike an arc, the arc discharge efficiency is improved, the gas supply is uniform, and the high efficiency of a plasma discharge area is ensured. The device has the characteristics of compact structure, stable operation, strong adaptability and the like, and is widely applicable to the fields of solid waste treatment, energy chemical industry, material treatment and the like.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an annular air intake mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an isolation sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a U-shaped electrode tip according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a hydropower connector according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a lateral layout of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure, 1, a shell, 2, an electrode assembly, 21, a U-shaped electrode, 211, a first annular groove, 22, a separation sleeve, 23, a hydroelectric connector, 231, a cable connector, 232 and a second annular groove;

3. An auxiliary arc striking device;

11. The device comprises an annular air inlet mechanism, 111, an outer air inlet, 112, an air chamber, 113, tangential air holes, 114 and through holes;

12. An air inlet hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are used in a broad sense, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, or indirectly connected via an intermediate medium, or may be in communication with the interior of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, a single arc chamber three-phase ac arc plasma discharge device includes a casing, an electrode assembly, an auxiliary arc striking device, a three-phase ac power supply, a gas supply system, a water supply system, and other key parts. Wherein:

The shell part:

The shell 1 is formed by connecting and combining a front part and a rear part through flanges. The front section of the housing 1 is of a hollow circular truncated cone structure for guiding gas into the arc chamber. The rear section is a cylindrical hollow structure, the speed of the airflow is further improved through the tail shrinkage hollow structure, and the generation condition of the plasma is optimized. The outer shell 1 is integrally formed into a stepped tubular hollow structure, and an inner space surrounded by the outer shell 1 forms a plasma discharge arc chamber.

The inside of the shell 1 is provided with a plurality of groups of water cooling channels, so that the long-term stable operation of the equipment in a high-temperature environment is ensured. Three groups of annular air inlet mechanisms are arranged in the shell 1, and a gas medium is led into an air chamber of the air inlet mechanism through an outer air inlet hole.

Electrode assembly portion:

the electrode assembly 2 consists of a U-shaped electrode 21, a spacer sleeve 22 and a hydropower connection 23. The core component of the electrode assembly 2 is a U-shaped electrode 21 which is fixedly mounted on the housing 1 through a separation sleeve 22 and which is connected with an external hydroelectric system and electrically insulated from the housing 1. The U-shaped electrode 21 is a hollow copper tube and has good conductivity and high temperature resistance, a water flow channel is arranged in the U-shaped electrode 21, and internal and external threaded connecting pieces are arranged at two ends of the U-shaped electrode. The spacer sleeve 22 is secured to both ends of the electrode by a threaded connection, ensuring good electrical contact between the electrode and the power supply system. The spacer sleeve 22 is made of polyimide material and has good electrical insulation properties. By this structure, stable operation of the electrode assembly during arc discharge can be ensured. The hydro-electrical connection 23 ensures the clear flow path for the water to cool the electrodes.

Auxiliary arc striking device:

The auxiliary arc striking device 3 is positioned at the front end of the shell 1, adopts a high-frequency high-voltage discharge technology, and is responsible for generating a high-frequency high-voltage arc to provide striking voltage for main arc discharge. The discharge voltage is not lower than 5KV, the frequency is not lower than 1KHz, the duration of single discharge is not lower than 300ms, the effective initiation of arc is ensured, and the stable discharge of arc is maintained.

Cooling and gas supply system:

The shell 1 is made of double-layer stainless steel materials, a water cooling channel is arranged in the shell, and the temperature of equipment is effectively controlled by a water cooling system. The cooling water flows through the internal water cooling channel, so that the temperature of the equipment is effectively reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

The gas inlet system of the shell consists of a plurality of annular gas chambers, and gas uniformly enters an arc discharge area through tangential gas holes. The annular air inlet mechanism 11 effectively improves the uniformity of gas supply, and ensures the full participation of the gas in the plasma discharge area through the combination of the air inlet hole and the air chamber.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, and is different in that, in this embodiment, the single arc chamber three-phase ac arc plasma discharge device includes a housing 1, an electrode assembly 2, an auxiliary arc striking device 3, a three-phase ac power supply, a gas supply system and a water supply system, the housing 1 is a hollow structure, a plasma discharge arc chamber is formed inside, and three groups of annular gas inlet mechanisms 11 are provided on the housing 1 to supply gas independently.

The shell 1 is formed by connecting a front part and a rear part through flanges, wherein the front section is of a hollow round platform structure, and the rear section is of a cylindrical hollow structure. The outer surface of the housing 1 is provided with a high temperature resistant coating to enhance its durability.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the electrode assembly 2 is composed of a U-shaped electrode 21, a separation sleeve 22 and a hydroelectric connector 23, wherein the U-shaped electrode 21 is a hollow copper tube, and a water flow channel is arranged inside the U-shaped electrode. The isolation sleeve 22 is made of polyimide electrical insulation material, an internal thread M1 is arranged inside the sleeve, and two ends of the sleeve are smooth inner cylinder structures. The two ends of the U-shaped electrode 21 are respectively provided with an internal thread M2 and an external thread M3, and the radial dimension of the external thread is smaller than the overall outer diameter of the electrode. The hydro-electrical connection 23 is sealed with the spacer sleeve 22 by an O-ring seal. The electrode assembly 2 is connected to an external water supply system through a hydro-electric connection 23.

The auxiliary arc striking device 3 is positioned at the front section of the shell 1, the discharge voltage is not lower than 5KV, the frequency is not lower than 1KHz, and the duration of single discharge is not lower than 300ms.

The shell 1 is made of double-layer stainless steel materials, and a water cooling channel is formed inside the shell. The water cooling channel in the shell 1 is communicated with the air inlet mechanism through a series of through holes. The air inlet direction of the air inlet hole is parallel to the axial direction of the shell 1. Each of the three sets of air intake mechanisms is independently supplied with air.

The electric arc in the electric arc chamber fills most of the space of the whole electric arc discharge chamber under the action of electromagnetic force and pneumatic force.

The single-arc-chamber three-phase alternating-current arc plasma discharge device is used for generating high-temperature, high-energy-density and high-activity arc plasma, realizes the effective generation of three-phase alternating-current arc plasma discharge, is suitable for a plurality of industrial fields, and has wide application prospects in the aspects of waste treatment, energy chemical industry and material treatment. The device has the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency, simple and convenient operation and the like.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the present embodiment has substantially the same structure as embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the single arc chamber three-phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus includes a housing 1, an electrode assembly 2, an auxiliary arc striking device 3, a three-phase ac power supply, a gas supply system, and a water supply system. The shell 1 is formed by combining a front part and a rear part through flange connection, the front section is of a hollow round platform structure, the rear section is of a shrinkage hollow structure with a cylindrical hollow structure and a tail part, the physical space integrally formed by the shell 1 is of a stepped tubular hollow structure, and the inner space surrounded by the shell is a plasma discharge arc chamber.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the casing 1 is provided with three groups of annular air inlet mechanisms 11 respectively along the front and rear axial direction, the annular air inlet mechanisms 11 guide gas medium into air chambers 112 of the annular air inlet mechanisms 11 through outer air inlet holes 111, the air chambers 112 are annular cavities in the circumferential direction inside the annular air inlet mechanisms 11, the inner walls of the annular air inlet mechanisms 11 are provided with a plurality of tangential air holes 113 arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner walls, the tangential air holes 113 are communicated with the annular air chambers 112, and each group of annular air inlet mechanisms 11 is used for independently supplying gas.

The shell 1 adopts a sandwich structure with a hollow interior and a water cooling channel, wherein the sandwich structure is made of double-layer stainless steel materials, a series of through holes 114 are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the air chamber 112 on the cross section of the annular air inlet mechanism 11, and the through holes 114 communicate the water cooling channel which is formed by dividing the interior of the shell 1 by the annular air inlet mechanism 11.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the electrode assemblies 2 are uniformly distributed at 120 ° in the circumferential direction of the lateral cross section of the case 1. The electrode assembly 2 is composed of a U-shaped electrode 21, an isolation sleeve 22 and a water and electricity connecting piece 23, the U-shaped electrode 21 is a hollow copper tube in a U shape, a water flow channel is arranged inside the U-shaped electrode 21, internal threads M2 and external threads M3 are respectively arranged at two ends of the U-shaped electrode 21, the major diameter of the external threads at two ends of the U-shaped electrode 21 is smaller than the outer diameter of the whole electrode, and a first annular groove 211 is respectively arranged at a copper tube part close to one side of the external threads at two ends.

The isolation sleeve 22 is made of polyimide electrical insulation material, one end of internal thread M1 is arranged in the middle of the isolation sleeve 22, and two ends of the isolation sleeve are smooth inner cylinder structures NT1 and NT2. The internal thread M1 of the isolation sleeve 22 is matched with the external thread M3 at the two ends of the U-shaped electrode 21 in size, the isolation sleeve 22 is fixedly sleeved at the two ends of the U-shaped electrode 21 through threaded connection, and an O-shaped sealing ring is placed at the annular groove 211 on the U-shaped electrode 21 to seal with the smooth inner cylinder structure NT1 of the isolation sleeve 22.

As shown in fig. 5, the hydropower connector 23 comprises a water pipe joint M4 connected with a water supply system through a water pipe, a cable joint 231 connected with a three-phase ac power supply through a cable, an electrode joint M5 connected and fixed with internal threads M2 at two ends of the U-shaped electrode 21, and an O-ring seal in the second annular groove 232 sealed with the smooth inner cylinder structure NT2 of the isolation sleeve 22.

The auxiliary arc striking device 3 is a high-frequency high-voltage discharge device, is arranged at the center of the end part of the hollow round platform structure at the front section of the shell 1, and the discharge end penetrates into the space between the minimum gaps between the three U-shaped electrodes 21 in the arc chamber inside the shell 1 on a certain section of the inner arc chamber. The discharge voltage of the auxiliary arc striking device 3 is more than or equal to 5KV, the discharge frequency is not lower than 1KHz, and the duration of single discharge is not lower than 300ms.

As shown in fig. 1, a circle of air inlet holes 12 are arranged on the periphery of the auxiliary arc striking device 3 on the shell 1, and the air inlet direction of the air inlet holes 12 is parallel to the axial direction of the shell.

The basic principle of the single arc chamber three-phase alternating current arc plasma discharge device of the invention is as follows:

By means of the auxiliary striking device 3, a high-frequency arc discharge is generated in the space with the smallest distance between the U-shaped electrodes 21, and simultaneously a voltage is applied to the main electrodes, an arc is formed between the main electrodes, the arc moves along the direction of expanding the electrode distance along the U-shaped electrodes 21 under the action of electromagnetic force and pneumatic force, the arc length is continuously increased, the arc voltage is continuously increased until the arc is extinguished, and then a new breakdown occurs in the space with the smallest distance between the electrodes, so that the above-mentioned process is repeated. The main arc moves rapidly between different electrodes, the speed depends on the current intensity, the inclination angle of the electrodes, the flow rate of working gas and the gas supply mode, and the arc moves longitudinally and transversely to fill most of the space in the arc discharge chamber.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A single-arc chamber three-phase alternating current arc plasma discharge device is characterized by comprising a shell, an electrode assembly and an auxiliary arc striking device, wherein the front section of the shell is of a hollow round platform structure, the rear section of the shell is of a cylindrical hollow structure, the tail of the shell is of a contracted hollow structure, a water cooling channel is arranged in the shell, the auxiliary arc striking device is positioned at the front section of the shell, a plurality of groups of annular air inlet mechanisms are axially arranged front and back of the shell, the annular air inlet mechanisms are communicated with an air chamber of the annular air inlet mechanisms through outer air inlet holes, a plurality of tangential air holes are formed in the inner wall of the annular air inlet mechanisms and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall, the tangential air holes are communicated with the air chamber, and gas is uniformly guided into an arc discharge area through the tangential air holes.

2. The single arc chamber three phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus of claim 1 wherein the electrode assemblies are uniformly distributed at 120 ° in the circumferential direction of the transverse cross section of the housing.

3. The single arc chamber three phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus of claim 1 wherein the electrode assembly comprises a U-shaped electrode having a water flow passage therein, an isolation sleeve threadably connected to both ends of the U-shaped electrode, and a hydro-electrical connector threadably connected to the U-shaped electrode, the hydro-electrical connector being connected to an external water supply.

4. A single arc chamber three phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein O-rings are provided between the U-shaped electrode, the isolation sleeve and the hydropower connection.

5. The single arc chamber three phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus of claim 4 wherein the isolation sleeve is made of polyimide electrically insulating material and has a smooth inner barrel structure at both ends.

6. The single arc chamber three phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus of claim 1 wherein the auxiliary arc striking apparatus employs a high frequency high voltage discharge technique with a discharge voltage of no less than 5KV, a frequency of no less than 1KHz, and a single discharge duration of no less than 300ms.

7. The single arc chamber three phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus of claim 1 wherein said housing is provided with three sets of said annular air inlet means for independent air supply.

8. The single arc chamber three phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus of claim 1 wherein said housing further comprises a ring of air inlet openings at the periphery of said auxiliary striking means, said air inlet openings having an air inlet direction parallel to the axis of said housing.

9. The single arc chamber three phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus of claim 1 wherein a series of through holes are provided in the cross section of the annular gas inlet mechanism on the inside and outside of the gas chamber, respectively, and the water cooling passages in the housing are communicated through the through holes.

10. The single arc chamber three phase ac arc plasma discharge apparatus of claim 1 wherein the gas chamber is an annular cavity circumferentially within the annular gas inlet mechanism.