CN120602818A

CN120602818A - An integrated circuit for multi-service multiplexing access network local end equipment

Info

Publication number: CN120602818A
Application number: CN202511087677.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 照尔格图; 龚南; 李传东
Original assignee: Jilin Yixin Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jilin Yixin Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2025-08-05
Filing date: 2025-08-05
Publication date: 2025-09-05
Anticipated expiration: 2045-08-05
Also published as: CN120602818B

Abstract

The application provides an integrated circuit of multi-service multiplexing access network local side equipment, which comprises a data forwarding matrix unit, a multicast service forwarding matrix unit, a unicast service forwarding matrix, a data plane control unit, a logic plane control unit and a protocol conversion unit, wherein the logic plane control unit is used for determining optimized unitized and modularized global strategy instructions, realizing protocol conversion, service multiplexing and data forwarding of communication services, broadband internet services and cable television services, and the protocol conversion unit is used for realizing live broadcast services transmitted by a cable television network in the access network local side equipment. Compared with the existing network for receiving the live television service by starting the IGMP protocol, the scheme of the embodiment greatly reduces the investment cost of CDN nodes of the core network and simultaneously does not need to be equipped with an entrance gateway at home, thereby reducing the investment cost of a convergence network of broadband service, communication service and broadcast television service.

Description

Integrated circuit of multi-service multiplexing access network local side equipment

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of multiplexing communication, and particularly relates to an integrated circuit of local side equipment of a multi-service multiplexing access network.

Background

At present, under the background of integration of a communication network, a broadband internet and a broadcast television network, the communication network can meet the characteristics of the broadband internet service, and in order to expand the broadcast television service, the communication network does not select to modify the original network characteristics to adapt to the traditional transmission characteristics of the broadcast television service, but selects technical measures for changing the traditional transmission mode of the broadcast television service to adapt to the transmission characteristics of the communication network, namely IPTV (Internet protocol television) technology, so that the goal of integration of the three networks is realized.

However, the transmission of broadcast television services adopts IPTV (Internet protocol television system) technology, especially on the transmission of broadcast television live broadcast services, and is also transmitted according to an interactive multicast technology for starting IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol, internet group management) protocol, which has the result that 1) more multicast service CDN (Content Delivery Network ) nodes are built in a core network, so that the investment cost of core network equipment is increased, 2) multicast service protection bandwidth needs to be reserved in a transmission link, which also increases the investment cost of network bandwidth, and 3) in order to reduce the pressure of the incoming transmission bandwidth of large-particle long-connection video services, deep compression is required on the video services, so that the transmission quality of a broadcasting level cannot be realized, and the standard transmission of 4K/8K ultra-high definition program broadcasting level cannot be met. When the method is concretely implemented, even if the transmission technology of a large-scale compressed video code rate and a multicast replication mode is adopted, the services still occupy a large amount of bandwidth resources of a core network and an access network in a transmission network, at least 30% of protection bandwidth needs to be reserved in the transmission link, and if the traffic bandwidth of a live program is added, the live service consumes more than 40% of the total bandwidth of the access network. This is a significant drain on network resources.

However, the broadcast television network (i.e., early cable television network) is a unidirectional network, and although the analog television digitizing process is implemented, the unidirectional network cannot meet the convergence development requirements of communication services and broadband internet. In order to realize the integration of a communication network, a broadband Internet and a broadcast television network, a broadcast television network also advances an IP (Internet protocol) type bidirectional transformation technology of multiple modes. In the IP and bidirectional process, a scheme of keeping the high-quality transmission characteristic of the broadcast television service and simultaneously integrating the communication service and the broadband Internet service is also provided, but because the cost factor cannot be widely applied, even the IPTV technology is adopted to transmit the broadcast television live broadcast service, the processing mode loses the high-quality and high-safety transmission characteristic of the broadcast television service of the broadcast television network, and the broadcast standard transmission requirement of the future 4K/8K ultra-high definition program is difficult to meet.

On the other hand, the dominant technology applied in the current access network field is PON (Passive Optical Network ) technology. The downlink data transmission mode of the PON network is to modulate downlink data of a plurality of users onto the same downlink wavelength, then transmit the downlink data according to a point-to-surface broadcasting mode, and the N users access to one PON port to receive respective data through sharing one core optical fiber under the PON port and an optical branching mode of 1:N. In the transmission of uplink data, in order to make uplink data and downlink data share one physical channel, uplink data of a plurality of users are modulated onto the same uplink wavelength according to a time division multiplexing mode and then transmitted to the same PON port corresponding to the downlink data, and the network shape is a tree structure. In order to adapt to the bidirectional service mode transmitted on the comb network, the PON network must be equipped with an entry gateway ONU in the user's home, so as to implement receiving and uploading of user data. That is, PON technology adopts a downlink data broadcast mode to transmit uplink data in a time division multiplexing mode, so that a user end must be equipped with an entry gateway ONU of an operator asset to access a CPN network of the user end, so that entry cost is high.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an access network of PON technology, which is formed by a local side device OLT (Optical LINE TERMINAL, an Optical line terminal, a local side device), a tree structure ODN (Optical Distribution Network, an Optical distribution network), an in-home gateway (ONU), and the like.

As can be seen from fig. 1, the PON network adopts a tree-structured ODN in which each PON port of the OLT is accessed to N users after passing through a 1:n optical splitter, so that the PON technology access network mainly comprises three parts, namely, the PON network office device OLT, the tree-structured ODN in which N users share a core optical fiber, and an in-home gateway ONU. The PON network has the greatest advantage that a plurality of users share a core optical fiber under one PON port and access the plurality of users under a tree structure of power allocation, thereby saving a great amount of optical fiber resources from an access network office end to a building head, but the PON network also has the following problems:

1) Because the ODN part adopts a point-to-multipoint tree network architecture, a plurality of users share a PON resource and a core optical fiber resource in front of the 1:N optical splitter, and uplink data must be transmitted by adopting a time division multiplexing transmission mechanism, so that an OLT cannot provide an access network user interface function UNI point, an entry gateway ONU must be equipped, and the OLT and the ONU jointly complete time division multiplexing and demultiplexing of the uplink data, so that the access network user interface function UNI point moves down to an entry ONU user side interface and can be connected with a user residence network, and the definition and the function definition of the access network interface can be completely realized. However, the ONU enters the user home, so that not only the home cost in the early stage of network establishment is increased, but also the upgrade and update cost for the ONU device at the user end is required to be increased for the system upgrade at the later stage, and the upgrade and update of the access network system is always related to the user side.

2) Shared fiber PON technology reduces access network investment costs when the fiber medium is expensive, but network equipment becomes complex and the cost per generation of upgrades increases significantly. In the process of the PON network iteration upgrade, the equipment cost is higher and higher, and the equipment cost is about doubled and even higher than doubled when the per-user access bandwidth is doubled.

3) After the optical splitter, a plurality of ONUs share a PON port resource, 1/N PON port bandwidth resource is obtained under the 1:N optical splitting condition, even though the PON port is improved from gigabit bandwidth to ten megabandwidths, the bandwidth distributed to each user is only improved by tens megabandwidths, but the physical interfaces of the ONUs and the physical interfaces of the OLT are upgraded to the same-level high-speed interface, which is also the reason that the home-entering ONUs are required to be upgraded when the system is upgraded and updated and the main reason that the upgrading and updating cost is high, and the network operation is required to be brought with a large repeated investment burden.

4) In the aspect of downlink data transmission, whether unicast data and multicast data of a user are all transmitted in a broadcast mode, the ONU selectively receives the data required by the user, but the data volume of downlink broadcasting is not fixed, and when the user requests to a certain level, the limited downlink bandwidth still affects the user experience. At the same time, a high security mechanism is necessary to protect the security of the user data.

5) The uplink data is transmitted in a time division multiplexing mode, a plurality of ONUs transmit data according to window time distributed by the OLT, and in order to reduce the cost of the home-entering ONUs, the existing PON system generally adopts an asymmetric scheme with large downlink and small uplink, and when the service is busy, the problem of insufficient uplink bandwidth is easy to occur, so that the user experience is influenced.

6) In the existing PON device, although the ONU of each manufacturer meets the definition specification of the user-side access network interface, there are some proprietary protocols for the LOT and ONU of each manufacturer, so that interconnection and interworking between the LOT and ONU of different manufacturers are affected.

7) In order to realize that broadcast service, communication service and broadband internet service share the same transmission channel resource, the PON network adopts IPTV (internet protocol television) technology in the transmission of broadcast television service, and in particular, in the transmission of broadcast television live broadcast service, the PON network is also transmitted according to an interactive multicast technology. The method comprises the steps of firstly constructing more multicast replication points in a core network, reducing the pressure of multicast service to an access network, but increasing the investment cost of core network equipment, secondly reserving multicast service protection bandwidth in a transmission link, increasing the investment cost of network bandwidth, and thirdly, deeply compressing video service in order to transmit large-particle long-connection video service on a limited access bandwidth, so that the broadcast-level transmission quality cannot be realized and the 4K/8K ultra-high definition program broadcast-level standard transmission cannot be met. Even if the transmission technology of a large-scale compressed video code rate and a multicast replication mode is adopted, a large amount of bandwidth resources of a core network and an access network are occupied by the services in a transmission network, at least 30% of protection bandwidth is reserved in the transmission link, and if the traffic bandwidth of a live program is added, the live service consumes more than 40% of the total resources of the transmission system. This is a tremendous drain on network resources, which is also the root cause of the PON network's continual upgrade expansion. In order to save the resource consumption caused by the method as much as possible, the IPTV technology needs to increase the investment of the duplication point of the core network, and needs to compress the video code rate of the broadcast television service as much as possible, so that the quality of the transmission program can not meet the transmission quality of the broadcast grade, and particularly, the transmission of the 4K and 8K ultra-high definition programs in the future is a great challenge.

In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide an integrated circuit of multi-service multiplexing access network local side equipment, which can reduce the cost of a broadband service, a communication service and a broadcast television service fusion network.

The application provides an integrated circuit of a multi-service multiplexing access network local side device, which is realized by the following steps:

an integrated circuit of a multi-service multiplexing access network local side device comprises a data forwarding matrix unit, a multicast service forwarding matrix unit, a unicast service forwarding matrix, a data plane control unit, a logic plane control unit and a protocol conversion unit, wherein:

The data forwarding matrix unit, the multicast service forwarding matrix unit and the unicast service forwarding matrix receive forwarding strategies and forwarding table entries of the data plane control unit through a forwarding matrix control bus and a management interface module, and complete rapid forwarding of data frames through a main control module coordination function module of the forwarding matrix;

The data plane control unit comprises a MAC control layer and a data forwarding matrix management module, wherein the MAC control layer and the data forwarding matrix management module are used for dynamically configuring and controlling a switching matrix, generating and issuing forwarding table items to the data forwarding matrix unit, the multicast service forwarding matrix unit and the unicast service forwarding matrix, monitoring network states and receiving and dynamically adjusting global strategy instructions of the logic plane control unit;

The logic plane control unit is a core control unit of the data forwarding matrix unit, the multicast service forwarding matrix unit, the unicast service forwarding matrix and the data plane control unit and is used for determining optimized unitized and modularized global strategy instructions and realizing protocol conversion, service multiplexing and data forwarding of communication services, broadband internet services and cable television services;

The protocol conversion unit is used for realizing live broadcast service transmitted by the cable television network in the access network local side equipment, and comprises the steps of carrying out protocol conversion on UDP messages and IP broadcast streams which do not start IGMP protocol, accessing the network to a home router together with communication service and broadband Internet service through an Ethernet-based access network which does not need to be equipped with a home gateway by a user side, and providing multi-service services of communication service, broadband Internet service and cable television service with unified protocol for various terminals of the user.

In one embodiment, the data forwarding matrix unit, the multicast service forwarding matrix unit and the unicast service forwarding matrix include a cross-port forwarding interface, a crossbar matrix, a forwarding matrix main control module, a queue management module, a control logic module and a search engine module, wherein:

The crossbar is used as a data exchange channel of a physical layer and is used for directly forwarding data packets of input ports to a designated output port, all the input ports can simultaneously send data to any output port, and a plurality of data packets can be simultaneously transmitted;

The search engine module is used for analyzing the head of the data packet, matching a target port according to a forwarding table item, supporting a wild card matching rule, storing the forwarding table item and performing priority-based multi-field matching;

The forwarding matrix main control module is used for coordinating the data flow between the cross switch matrix and the search engine module and the interface, and distributing the transmission time slot, congestion control and virtualization processing of the data packet;

The cross-port forwarding interface is used for interacting with an external physical link and comprises the steps of receiving, analyzing, checking and sending data packets, realizing physical transmission, logic isolation and efficient scheduling of the data packets among ports, wherein the physical interface is used for signal forwarding, the logic interface is used for isolating traffic, providing interconnection with a backboard bus and coordinating a chip module for an internal bus;

the control logic module is used for managing the running state of the forwarding matrix and comprises loading, error detection and fault recovery of forwarding table entries;

The queue management module is used for queuing and scheduling the data packets based on priority queue management and active queue management at the output port.

In one embodiment, the data plane control unit comprises a MAC layer interface module, a forwarding table management module, a strategy issuing interface module, a data plane control unit main control module, a management interface module, a state monitoring module, a strategy executing engine module and a rule synchronization module, wherein:

The data plane control unit main control module is used for receiving the input data frame of each port through the MAC layer interface module, analyzing the received data frame, managing the MAC address table and VLAN management to form a forwarding table item, and driving the forwarding matrix through the strategy issuing interface module to finish forwarding of the data frame.

The forwarding table management module is used for automatically generating forwarding table items through MAC address learning, providing the latest matching rules for the forwarding matrix and processing conflict of the forwarding table;

The policy execution engine module is used for mapping a high-level policy into a bottom forwarding rule and supporting dynamic adjustment of the policy;

The management interface module comprises a southbound interface and a northbound interface, wherein the southbound interface is communicated with an upper control plane and is used for receiving a global strategy instruction, receiving a flow table item issued by a controller through a protocol and converting the flow table item into TCAM configuration;

the state monitoring module is used for monitoring the network state and detecting abnormal events, automatically adjusting a queue scheduling algorithm when the port congestion is detected, and notifying a controller to recalculate a forwarding route and a forwarding path after the link fault is found;

The rule synchronization module is used for synchronizing forwarding table items through a consistency protocol in a distributed system, adopting a batch update strategy to update the forwarding table on line, maintaining globally consistent forwarding behaviors in a complex architecture, and supporting rule dynamic loading when a line card is hot plugged.

In one embodiment, the logic plane control unit includes a data plane control unit management module, a routing protocol module policy issuing interface module 1602, a management protocol module, a security control module, a QoS module, a spanning tree protocol module, a protocol conversion unit management module, a power management module, a VLAN management module, a multicast management module, a DHCP module, a time synchronization module, a log and alarm module, a configuration management interface module, and a logic control plane master control module, wherein:

the data plane control unit management module is used for managing configuration management, control and detection of each module in the integrated circuit according to a data forwarding strategy of a preset data plane control unit and a working mode of a protocol conversion unit;

The routing protocol module strategy issuing interface module is used for running a dynamic routing protocol, exchanging routing information with other network equipment, generating and maintaining a routing table and determining an optimal data forwarding path;

The management protocol module supports chip configuration and management protocols, and is used for providing a command line interface or a Web interface for an administrator to operate and for remotely configuring chip parameters and monitoring equipment states;

the security control module is used for accessing the control list, filtering illegal traffic and defending network attacks so as to ensure confidentiality and integrity of network data;

the QoS module is used for implementing traffic shaping, speed limiting and congestion management according to the determined traffic priority;

The spanning tree protocol module is used for detecting and eliminating network loops and automatically switching redundant links;

the protocol conversion unit management module is used for setting the working state of the protocol conversion unit and managing the protocol conversion unit through the management function of the corresponding module of the logic plane control unit;

The power supply management module is used for managing the power supply of the logic plane control unit;

The VLAN management module is used for creating and managing a virtual local area network and dividing a broadcast domain;

The multicast management module is used for managing multicast group members, supporting multicast routing protocol, supporting the protocol conversion of multicast stream without starting IGMP protocol, and optimizing the distribution of multicast traffic;

The DHCP module is used for distributing an IP address for the terminal, and managing an address pool, a lease period and DNS configuration;

The time synchronization module is used for ensuring the time consistency of log and flow statistics through synchronizing the forwarding clock, and meeting the requirements of time sensitive applications;

the log and alarm module is used for assisting in fault investigation and network audit by recording event logs and monitoring network abnormality in real time;

The configuration management interface module is configured to provide detection, configuration, test and management interface functions for the logic control plane main control module 1615, so as to implement full life cycle management of the integrated circuit;

The logic control plane main control module is used for realizing management of a data plane control unit of an integrated circuit, routing protocol management, management protocol generation, security control management, qoS management, spanning tree protocol management, management of a protocol conversion unit, power supply management, VLAN management, multicast protocol management, DHCP function management, clock synchronization management, log and alarm management so as to ensure multicast service protocol conversion, multi-service multiplexing and forwarding of data service and unicast service.

In one embodiment, the integrated circuit operation modes provided by the logic plane control unit include a multi-service mode of communication service, broadband service and broadcast television program multicast service and a single service mode of communication service, broadband service or broadcast television program multicast service, wherein:

In the multi-service mode of communication service, broadband service and broadcast television program multicast service, there are two states supporting the start multicast group protocol state and the non-start multicast group protocol, in the state supporting the start multicast group protocol state, the protocol conversion unit is closed, the core network and the access terminal support the multicast group protocol, in the non-start multicast group protocol state, the protocol conversion unit is started, after receiving and buffering all multicast streams or broadcast streams of the service side, according to the user request, the protocol conversion is carried out on the target multicast stream or broadcast stream, and then the target multicast stream or broadcast stream is forwarded to the target user.

In the single service mode of communication service, broadband service or broadcast television program multicast service, the protocol conversion part in the chip is closed, the chip only performs signaling receiving and service forwarding of communication service and broadband service, in the single broadcast television program multicast service mode, the service side only has broadcast television program multicast service without starting multicast protocol, the protocol conversion unit is started, after receiving and caching all multicast streams or broadcast streams of the service side, protocol conversion is performed on the target multicast stream or broadcast stream according to the user request, and then the target multicast stream or broadcast stream is forwarded to the target user.

In one embodiment, the protocol conversion unit comprises a physical layer and a media independent layer, wherein:

The physical layer is used for transmitting the original data frame to the MAC control layer through the MII interface of the medium irrelevant layer for processing the data frame after converting the bit stream received from the transmission medium into the original data frame;

the media independent layer is an interface between the data link layer and the physical layer for transmitting the original frames.

In one embodiment, the protocol conversion unit further comprises a multicast stream receiving network interface layer and a unicast forwarding network interface layer, wherein the multicast stream receiving network interface layer is used for monitoring an IGMP protocol which is not started, presetting all multicast streams of multicast addresses and ports, realizing multicast stream receiving, CRC checking and VLAN stripping, and the unicast stream forwarding network interface layer is used for receiving a user request and forwarding the user request to the protocol conversion unit, packaging a target unicast stream into a data frame according to the user request and forwarding the data frame to a target user through a physical layer.

In one embodiment, the system further comprises a buffer interface and a buffer management module, wherein the buffer interface and the buffer management module are used for distributing independent annular buffer areas for multicast streams of each real-time live program, independently buffering the multicast streams according to channels or programs, writing data according to time slices, buffering the multicast data with the latest preset duration, coping with the burstiness of a user request, positioning data blocks in the buffer areas according to the time stamp of the user request, synchronously detecting and repairing packet loss or disorder in TS streams through a PCR clock, and supporting the coverage of old data according to fixed time.

In one embodiment, the integrated circuit is applied in a secondary multiplexing unit of the multi-service multiplexer, or in a primary multiplexing unit of the multi-service multiplexer, or in both the primary multiplexing unit of the multi-service multiplexer and the secondary multiplexing unit of the multi-service multiplexer.

In one embodiment, the multi-service multiplexer is one of an integrated machine type, a plugboard type machine type and a split type machine type, the multi-service multiplexer is a two-stage architecture of a two-stage multiplexing unit and a one-stage multiplexing unit, wherein the two-stage multiplexing unit faces a service side, the one-stage multiplexing unit faces a user side, a mainboard slot is arranged between the two-stage multiplexing unit and the one-stage multiplexing unit through a backboard bus and the plugboard type machine, an optical fiber interface is arranged on the split type machine, and one two-stage multiplexing unit is provided with a plurality of one-stage multiplexing units under the condition that the two-stage multiplexing unit is used as a convergence layer.

The multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages that the protocol conversion part receives all multicast messages or broadcast messages which do not start the IGMP protocol and converts the multicast messages into unicast messages according to the user requirement, the unicast messages and broadband services and communication services are accessed to a user home router together, and various terminals such as a television, a computer, a mobile phone and the like obtain multi-service services through the home router, so that the problems that the cable television service cannot be accessed to the home router, and various terminals which are caused by two local area networks of a cable television and a data network are incompatible and inconvenient to operate are solved. Compared with the existing network for receiving the live television service by starting the IGMP protocol, the scheme of the embodiment greatly reduces the investment cost of CDN nodes of the core network and simultaneously does not need to be equipped with an entrance gateway at home, thereby reducing the investment cost of a convergence network of broadband service, communication service and broadcast television service.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PON technology access network structure;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-service multiplexing type single-shared optical access network system with a multi-service multiplexer as a local side;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the current network mode and the idea of the integrated circuit approach provided by the embodiment of the present application as an access network office approach;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a basic model of a multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multicast stream receiving and buffering process in a basic model diagram of a multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multicast-to-unicast flow forwarding flow in a basic model diagram of a multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit method according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a data service forwarding flow in a basic model diagram of a multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an integrated circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application for a single-module, two-stage multiplexing unit of a multi-service multiplexer;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an integrated circuit that may be used in a single-module type two-stage multiplexing unit of a multi-service multiplexer according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an integrated circuit approach provided by an embodiment of the present application for a multi-service multiplexer primary multiplexing unit;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an integrated circuit that may be used in a single-module primary multiplexing unit of a multi-service multiplexer according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an integrated circuit embodiment provided by an embodiment of the present application with a multi-service multiplexer dual-module type two-level multiplexing unit multicast service module;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an integrated circuit that may be used for a dual-module type two-level multiplexing unit multicast service module of a multi-service multiplexer according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a data service forwarding matrix unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of the data plane control unit according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a logic plane control unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a protocol conversion unit in an integrated circuit method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

0401. A service side data service interface; 0402, multicast service interface; 0403, multicast service SerDes interface, 0404, multicast service SerDes interface, 0405, unicast service SerDes interface, 0406, unicast service SerDes interface, 0407, user side interface, 0408, configuration management interface, 0409, control management interface, 0410, monitoring interface, 0411, power interface, 0412, data forwarding matrix unit, 0413, physical layer interface, 0414, media independent layer interface, 0415, multicast service forwarding matrix unit, 0416, unicast service forwarding matrix, 0417, storage unit, 0418, clock unit, 0419, data plane control unit, 0420, logical plane control unit, 0421, media independent layer interface, 0415, data plane control unit, 0421, control plane control unit, data plane control unit, 0421, data plane control unit, data plane interface, data plane control interface, and data plane interface, The system comprises a protocol conversion unit, a 0422 cache interface management module, a 0423 MAC control layer bus, a 0424 forwarding matrix control bus, a 0425 data service forwarding bus, a 0426 multicast service forwarding bus, a 0427 unicast service forwarding bus, a 0428 configuration management, monitoring and control interface module, a 0429 power management unit, a 0430 external cache, decision making processes of 501, 502, 503 and 504 data plane control units, forwarding of the multicast service forwarding matrix unit and receiving processes of the protocol conversion unit, wherein 507 is a caching process of the protocol conversion unit cached to an external cache through the cache interface management module, and 601, 602. 603, 604 is a decision process of a data plane control unit, 605 and 606 are processes of unicast service forwarding matrix forwarding and protocol conversion unit receiving request, 607, 608, 609, 610, 611 is a process of completing multicast to unicast and unicast service forwarding matrix forwarding for the protocol conversion unit, 701, 702, 703, 704 is a decision process of a data plane control unit, 705, 706 is a forwarding process of a data forwarding matrix unit, 707, 708, 709 is a return and forwarding process of broadband internet service, 0801 is a secondary multiplexing unit of a multi-service multiplexer, 0802 is a decision process of the data plane control unit, Core module, 0803, broadband internet service core network interface, 0804, 10G/25G selectable rate core network multicast service interface, 0805, 10G/25G selectable rate multi-service interface, 0806, primary multiplexing unit, 0807, core module, 0808, service side 10G/25G selectable rate multi-service interface, 0809, 1G/10G user side interface, 0810, multi-channel integrated photoelectric converter, 0811, multi-core number tail fiber adapter, 0812, access network office end ODF terminal, 0813, multi-core number optical cable, 0814, corridor ODF terminal board, 0815, service side 10G/25G selectable rate multi-service interface, fiber to enter home, 0816, user, 0817, wifi fiber router, 1001, broadband service/communication service convergence module, 1002, 10G/25G selectable rate data service interface, 1003, multicast service relay forwarding module, 1004, 10G/25G selectable rate data service interface of user accessible 1-M primary multiplexing units, 1005, core module of multi-service multiplexer primary multiplexing unit 0806, 1006, service side 10G/25G selectable rate data service interface, 1007, multicast service interface, 1201, multicast service protocol conversion module, 1202, The user side can access the 10G/25G selectable rate unicast service interfaces of 1-M primary multiplexing units, 1203, unicast service interfaces, 1204, multi-service multiplexing access module, 1401, cross-port forwarding interface, 1402, cross-switch matrix, 1403, cross-port forwarding interface, 1404, power management module, 1405, search engine module, 1406, control logic module, 1407, queue management module, 1408, management interface module, 1409, forwarding matrix main control module, 1501, MAC layer interface module, 1502, forwarding table management module, 1503, Policy issuing interface module 1504, power management module 1505, rule synchronization module 1506, policy execution engine module 1507, state monitoring module 1508, management interface module 1509, data plane control unit main control module 1601, data plane control unit management module 1602, routing protocol module policy issuing interface module 1603, management protocol module 1604, security control module 1605, qoS (quality of service) module 1606, spanning tree protocol module 1607, protocol conversion unit management module 1608, Power management module 1609, VLAN management module, 1610, multicast management module, 1611, DHCP module, 1612, time synchronization module, 1613, log and alarm module, 1614, configuration management interface module, 1615, logic control plane master control module, 1701, input network interface module, 1702 and 1705, DMA engine, 1703, cache interface and cache management module, 1704, protocol conversion encapsulation forwarding module, 1706, unicast output network interface module, 1707, user request network interface module, 1708, User request, authority management and port mapping management module, 1709, monitoring alarm management module, 1710, protocol analysis module, 1711, main memory module, 1712, clock management module, 1713, power module, 1714, configuration management module, 1715, protocol conversion unit main control module.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the application.

Aiming at the problems of the traditional PON network, the cost problem caused by upgrading and upgrading is important, and considering that the increase of the cost mainly comes from two aspects, namely, the optical ports of the OLT and the ONU are lifted from giga to tera, and the equipment chip is lifted from giga processing chip to tera processing chip, and the equipment chip is further required to be upgraded to 25GPON, 50GPON and even to NGPON and TWDM-PON, so that the investment cost is increased. Although the cost of updating is greatly increased, the increase of the user access bandwidth is limited, so that the PON network is continuously updated, the life cycle of the device in the network is far smaller than that of the device, and the operator needs to continuously increase the cost in order to meet the requirement of the user on continuously increasing the service bandwidth.

Based on this, in this example, a multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit is provided, where a service side of the integrated circuit provides a broadband internet service, a communication service, and an access interface of a cable tv service channel independently, and a user side provides a user interface capable of accessing a plurality of users, and has an access network service port function, a core function, a transmission function, a user port function, and a management function, and meanwhile, a protocol conversion function module for performing protocol conversion on a multicast service or a broadcast service is integrated inside, so that a user can receive the multicast service or the broadcast service on a terminal and a tv set capable of receiving the internet service and the communication service without perception. After the integrated circuit is applied to a local side equipment multi-service multiplexer of a multi-service multiplexing type single-shared optical fiber access network, the problems of high investment cost, low transmission quality and insufficient compatibility of various terminals in the prior art that a core network and an access network transmit broadcast and television live broadcast services can be solved.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-service multiplexing type single-shared optical access network, where a core chip of a multi-service multiplexer of a local side device is an ASIC chip of a multi-service multiplexing type integrated circuit or an FPGA chip endowed with an equivalent function code provided in this example. The multi-service multiplexer shown in fig. 2 is provided with a multicast service or broadcast service interface independently according to the chip function of the embodiment, and is used for accessing all multicast services or broadcast services of a core network to the multi-service multiplexer closest to a user in an independent channel mode, and an access user is a multi-service multiplexer of a local side device of a multi-service multiplexing type exclusive fiber access network with a certain quantity, and the multicast-to-unicast mechanism and a large service bandwidth of the integrated circuit of the embodiment are utilized to forward the content of the live broadcast service which the user wants to watch and listen to the end user. Therefore, the multi-service of high-definition and ultra-high-definition 4K/8K, AR/VR video service, communication service and broadband Internet service can be provided for users.

The multi-service multiplexer can achieve the following technical effects by accessing the multicast service or the broadcast service through the independent interfaces:

1) The multicast service replication point with the largest occupied bandwidth is downwards moved to the multi-service multiplexer with the least number of the end users of the access network, so that the multicast service can be transmitted in the core network by adopting a relay mode with the lowest cost, the investment cost of the multicast replication point of the core network and the reserved protection bandwidth can be saved, and the delay, the packet loss rate and the bit error rate index of the video service can reach the transmission standard of the broadcasting level after the multicast service is transmitted by utilizing an independent relay channel in the core network;

2) The multicast service is accessed to the local side equipment through an independent channel, so that 30% of protection bandwidth resources are not required to be reserved for the multicast service in the communication service and the broadband internet service link of the access network, and the utilization rate of the link resources of the core network and the access network can be increased to 100% for the communication service and the broadband internet service;

3) The subscriber side of the multi-service multiplexer provides a single-shared fiber interface to each subscriber and provides access bandwidth including, but not limited to, gigabit/tera rates. If the multi-service multiplexer can provide 200 megabits of communication service and broadband internet data service processing capability for each user, when the concurrency rate is 50%, the dynamic bandwidth of each user for the communication service and the broadband internet data service can reach 400 megabits, and at this time, the concurrent users also have 600 megabits of multicast service access bandwidth. That is, when the multi-service multiplexer provides an average communication service of 400 megabytes and a broadband internet data service bandwidth for 100% of users, each user still has a multicast service access bandwidth of 600 megabytes, so that the transmission quality of high-definition and ultra-high-definition 4K/8K, AR/VR video service in the multicast service can completely reach the transmission standard of the broadcasting level, and the problem that the existing communication carrier network can deeply compress live broadcast service content in the IPTV multicast service and cannot provide high-quality video service can be solved.

Specifically, in this example, an integrated circuit of a local side device of a multi-service multiplexing access network is provided, which comprises an ethernet physical layer, a medium independent layer, a data plane control unit, a logic plane control unit, a forwarding matrix unit, a storage unit, a clock unit, a protocol conversion unit, an external buffer interface of the protocol conversion unit, a management interface, a control interface, a test interface, a power management unit and a power interface, wherein:

the Ethernet physical layer comprises a PCS physical coding sublayer, a PMA physical medium adaptation sublayer and a PMD physical medium related sublayer, and is used for converting received optical signals/electric signals into original data frames and transmitting the original data frames to a MAC control layer of a main control unit through a medium irrelevant layer, wherein the original data frames can comprise destination MAC, source MAC, frame load, CRC check and the like.

The media independent layer is an interface between the data link layer and the physical layer that transmits the original frames.

The data plane control unit is a core unit of the integrated circuit and is used for processing the complete life cycle of the data frame, wherein the complete life cycle comprises receiving, decapsulating, looking up, forwarding and the like, and is also used for maintaining a MAC address table (CAM table) and supporting a dynamic learning and aging mechanism (default 300 seconds). VLAN partitioning and management, flow control (802.3 x), spanning Tree Protocol (STP), and other two-layer functions are performed.

The forwarding matrix is a data frame rapid forwarding unit controlled by the data plane control unit, and is connected with a TX differential pair signal (such as TX+/TX-) interface at the output end of the PMA sublayer of each port physical layer through a backboard, and rapidly forwards the data frame of the source port to the destination port according to a forwarding instruction of the data plane control unit so as to realize rapid forwarding of the data frame.

And the storage unit comprises SRAM, flash, CAM, TCAM for realizing data caching, running program caching, configuration storage and MAC table storage.

The clock unit is a crystal oscillator or silicon-based clock chip and is used for providing an accurate clock signal (for example, 125 MHz) for a system so as to ensure the time sequence consistency of data transceiving.

And the protocol conversion unit is a multi-user shared protocol converter for the broadcast television live broadcast service and is used for meeting the high concurrency requirement of multiple users. Meanwhile, the protocol conversion unit is also used for meeting the functions of a TCP/IP protocol transmission layer, a network layer, a data link layer and a physical layer so as to realize the protocol conversion and encapsulation functions of converting multicast or broadcast streams into unicast streams.

The system comprises a control interface, a test interface and a management interface, wherein the control interface is used for coordinating the internal resource scheduling with the adaptation of an external communication protocol, the test interface is used for guaranteeing the manufacturing yield and the service reliability of the chip so as to reduce the cost of the whole life cycle, and the management interface is used for realizing the observability and the programmability of the whole life cycle of the chip.

The power management unit includes monitoring and management of the power supply and power supply portions of all units within the integrated circuit and a power input interface.

The logic plane control unit comprises a main control CPU, a storage unit and a management interface. The main functions of the system are firstly management of the working mode of the data plane control unit, management of the MAC address and setting and management of VLAN, and secondly, the working mode of the chip is determined through an external management interface, and the chip can have a multi-service mode and a single-service mode.

The multi-service mode is that the chip service side can be accessed to communication service, broadband service, data service and cable television service. In the multi-service mode, the chip can also select two modes of opening and closing of the protocol conversion part. The on mode is adapted to protocol conversion of multicast traffic or broadcast traffic that does not initiate IGMP protocol. The closing mode is suitable for starting the receiving and forwarding of the multicast service flow of the IGMP protocol, and has the multicast copying function and the forwarding function.

The single service mode is that the chip service side is connected with communication service, broadband service, data service or cable television service. For the single communication service, broadband service and data service modes, the chip protocol conversion part is closed, and the chip only gathers and forwards the communication service, broadband service and data service, and can support the receiving and forwarding of the multicast stream with the IGMP protocol. For the single cable television service mode, the chip service side has no communication service, broadband service and data service input, the working mode of the chip protocol conversion part can have an opening mode and a closing mode, and the opening mode is suitable for the protocol conversion of multicast service or broadcast without starting the IGMP protocol. The closing mode is suitable for starting the receiving and forwarding of the multicast service flow of the IGMP protocol, and has the multicast copying and forwarding functions.

The service side of the integrated circuit can provide service interfaces meeting the bandwidth of communication service, broadband service and data service required by the number of subscribers covered by the chip, and simultaneously, the service interfaces or the broadcast service interfaces which can meet the bandwidth required by all the broadcast television multicast service or the broadcast service accessed to the service system are independently arranged. The user side of the integrated circuit may provide a user side interface capable of accessing m users, and m may be varied in value from 48, 64, 72, 96.

The integrated circuit realizes multiplexing of user signaling for communication service, broadband service and data service and forwards the user signaling to a required service platform, the service of the service platform is forwarded to a required user, the MAC control layer of the data plane control unit realizes analysis of data frames, address table management and VLAN management in the forwarding process, and rapid receiving and forwarding of the data frames are realized through a forwarding matrix.

For multicast service and broadcast service, the integrated circuit forwards all multicast streams of the multicast service interface to the physical layer of the protocol conversion unit through the data plane control unit and the forwarding matrix, and the protocol conversion unit uses the common UDP socket (non-original socket) mode to cache IP messages of multicast streams of different ports in time window slices after the physical layer of the integrated circuit peels off the head and tail of Ethernet frames of all multicast streams one by one while monitoring MAC addresses of all multicast services of the access port through the data link layer hybrid mode. When a user requests to watch a certain multicast stream, the data plane control unit forwards the user request to the protocol conversion unit through the forwarding matrix, and the protocol conversion unit packages a target message into a data frame in a unicast mode according to the user request and forwards the data frame to the target user through the forwarding matrix so as to realize the requirement of converting the multicast into the unicast.

Furthermore, the integrated circuit provided by the embodiment provides the 1G/10G service-in bandwidth for each user at the user side, is applied to a multi-service multiplexer of multi-service multiplexing single-shared optical access network local side equipment, can reduce the CDN node investment cost and the access network service-in cost of an IPTV service core network while realizing high-quality access of communication service, broadband service, data service and cable television service, and can ensure that the transmission quality of ultra-high definition code rate broadcast television service (4K/8K code rate) can reach the transmission standard of a broadcast grade.

Through the integrated circuit provided in the above example, the access of multiple services such as data service, broadband internet, communication service, broadcast television service and the like is provided for the user, and the integrated circuit is applied to the access network local side equipment, so that the requirements of multiple access network service types, low service density, high access density, low covering cost and low household cost can be met.

In the converged transmission of the communication service, the broadband internet service and the broadcast television service, there are two types of transmission modes, in which transmission technologies of the two transmission modes are basically consistent on the transmission mechanism of the communication service and the broadband internet service, but the two transmission modes are different on the transmission mechanism of the broadcast television live broadcast service, and a simplified model of the two transmission mechanisms can be shown in fig. 3.

The left part of fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for transmitting broadcast television live signals by using IPTV (internet protocol television system) technology, in which a broadcasting end transmits live contents by using a multicast group protocol after encapsulating the live television signals into UDP messages. When a user needs to watch a live broadcast content, the user enters a multicast group of the content to obtain the watching of the content. It can be seen from the system diagram that a plurality of multicast service CDN (multicast service replication point) nodes are built from the backbone layer of the core network to the convergence layer of the access network, so that when a plurality of users watch a program, the multicast stream of the set of programs is replicated from the CDN node closest to the users, thereby avoiding the problem that the bandwidth of the core network cannot meet the requirement of the bandwidth with high concurrency rate due to the fact that each user transmits the content respectively. For example, during a certain user under a certain edge CDN node watches a certain program, more users under the edge CDN node and the user are watching the program content, so that the CDN node can meet the requirements of the users by using a multicast replication mechanism, and a multicast stream is transmitted on the CDN node instead of the same multicast stream for each user, thereby greatly reducing the transmission bandwidth of the core network.

However, the multicast technology for starting the IGMP protocol transmits live services, which has the problems that firstly, the investment of the CDN nodes is increased in a transmission network, which leads to the increase of the investment cost of the multicast services, secondly, the investment cost of the CDN nodes is increased, the problem of transmission blocking caused by the fact that the burst performance of a transmission channel cannot meet the requirement of a certain time period is unavoidable, thirdly, the multicast is to transmit video programs based on connectionless characteristics of UDP, video clamping occurs due to the fact that data cannot be recovered after delay and packet loss in the multi-wave protocol and IGMP protocol transmission between a plurality of routers, fourthly, in order to reduce the investment cost of the CDN nodes, the problem of transmission blocking caused by the burst performance of the high-definition/ultra-high-definition programs and the risk of packet loss caused by the fact that the transmission quality of the live programs is difficult to reach the transmission standard of a broadcasting level, and the multicast services, the communication services and the broadband services are accessed to an access home ONU through a channel, and the compatibility of the home router and the television set-top box is insufficient for the multi-wave IGMP gateway, and the television set-top box is required to be equipped with a large-set-top box access television terminal, and the compatibility of the home television terminal is insufficient for viewing content. Further, as can be seen from fig. 3, the access network on the left side part adopts a passive optical network PON technology access network, a plurality of users access to a PON port of the OLT through an optical splitter, the plurality of users share a transmission bandwidth of the PON port, when a splitting ratio of the optical splitter is 1:n, each user obtains the transmission bandwidth of 1/N of the PON port, and simultaneously transmits a communication service, a broadband internet service and a broadcast television service in the bandwidth, and in a link bandwidth of the OLT, a 30% protection bandwidth is reserved for a multicast service, so that the bandwidth efficiency of an OLT link can be reduced, and these factors are also a main reason for adopting deep compression for a live program, so that the transmission quality of a high-definition/ultra-high-definition program hardly reaches a broadcast level transmission standard.

Compared with the left system, the right system in fig. 3 adopts a DVB broadcast mode or an IP broadcast mode for transmission of broadcast television live broadcast services, such as the dashed line part in the figure, the live broadcast services are transmitted to the access layer by using a relay mode with low cost and higher transmission quality, wherein the live broadcast services are transmitted to the set top box of a user through a separate channel after being split by a splitter in a power distribution mode, and the live broadcast services are listened to and watched by a user set top box in a channel selection mode. The channel selection mode is that like a dial switch is arranged in the set top box, each program in all programs input into the set top box is respectively connected to each code position of the dial switch, which program is wanted to be watched, and the dial switch is shifted to the corresponding code position, so that the program to be watched can be watched. In the analog television era, the dial switch is called a tuner, and in the digital television era, the dial switch is called a filter, and the filter is controlled by a remote controller to watch the required content. The splitter of the live broadcast service only distributes power, so that the access bandwidth and the platform output bandwidth of each user are the same, and therefore, various problems caused by the transmission of the IPTV live broadcast service in the multicast replication mode in the left model of fig. 3 can be solved.

The right system of fig. 3 is the same as the left system in the transmission mode of the communication service and the broadband internet service, and also adopts the passive optical network PON technology to access the network, a plurality of users access to one PON port of the OLT through an optical splitter, the plurality of users share the transmission bandwidth of the PON port, and when the splitting ratio of the optical splitter is 1:n, each user obtains the transmission bandwidth of 1/N of the PON port, but only the communication service and the broadband internet service but not the broadcast service bandwidth in the OLT link bandwidth, so that the OLT link bandwidth does not need to reserve the live broadcast service protection bandwidth, and the OLT link bandwidth utilization is also higher than the left system.

Compared with the right system, the left system in fig. 3 has the advantages that the home is a core optical fiber, only receives and transmits two wavelengths, and the home cost is low. But it is disadvantageous that the investment cost of the core network live service is much higher than that of the right system and the transmission quality of the broadcast television program is much lower than that of the right system.

The right system has the advantage of high transmission quality, but has the greatest defect that the transmission of communication service, broadband internet service and broadcast television program is accessed by two channels respectively, and two local area networks, one television watching network and one communication service and broadband service network exist in the user's home, so that the cost of entering the home is high. Meanwhile, as with the left system, television programs can only be watched on a large screen through the set top box, and the compatibility of the television programs to the home terminal is insufficient.

In fig. 3, there is an intermediate system other than the left IPTV system and the right DVB system in addition to the left IPTV system and the right DVB system. The middle system is a scheme with complementary advantages of the left scheme and the right scheme after the problem of the left system and the right system is deeply analyzed and compared. For an intermediate system, broadcasting live broadcast television content in a multicast stream mode without starting an IGMP (Internet group management protocol) or broadcasting live broadcast television signals in a broadcast mode after IP (Internet protocol) is converted, and transmitting all multicast streams or broadcast streams broadcast on the platform side to an access network side in the same way as a right system in a core network by using a multicast relay mode with low price and high transmission quality, compared with a left scheme, without investment cost of a large number of CDN (content distribution network) nodes, the access network is based on an Ethernet technology multi-service multiplexing type single-shared optical fiber access network scheme, an access network local side equipment service side provides an independent channel for accessing a multicast or broadcast service interface, and performs multicast-to-single-broadcast protocol conversion on the multicast or broadcast service, and then, as in the case of the left system, the single channel is utilized for accessing a data service and a broadcast service, thereby solving the problems that the multicast service in the left scheme is delayed and lost due to a multicast copy and exchange routing system, and the high-quality transmission problem of high-definition and ultra-high-definition live broadcast service 4K/8K and the problem that a home gateway of a PON network has to be provided for home gateway. Meanwhile, the problem that the communication service, the broadband internet service and the broadcast television live broadcast service of the right scheme are respectively registered through two channels is solved.

Furthermore, because the intermediate system adopts the independent user interface of each user exclusive local side device, the user home does not need to be equipped with a home gateway, the communication service, the broadband service and the broadcasting service converted into the unicast stream can be uniformly accessed to the home router, two networks are not existed in the user home, the television can be directly accessed to the home router to watch television programs on the premise of supporting the performance of the front-end platform and the television, and meanwhile, terminals such as mobile phones, computers and the like in the user home can watch television programs, so that the problem of insufficient compatibility of multicast or broadcasting service of the left system and the right system to the home terminal can be solved. Specifically, in this embodiment, a multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit is provided, which is a core chip capable of implementing a multi-service multiplexer of a local side device required by the intermediate system shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 4, the multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit may include a data forwarding matrix unit 0412, a multicast service forwarding matrix unit 0415, a unicast service forwarding matrix 0416, a data plane control unit 0419, a logic plane control unit 0420, a protocol conversion unit 0421, and a buffer interface management module 0422. Further, the multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit may include, in addition to the core unit, a physical layer interface 0413, a media independent layer interface 0414, a storage unit 0417, a clock unit 0418, a configuration management, monitoring, control interface module 0428, a power management unit 0429, and an external cache 0430.

Furthermore, the chip of the multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit can also comprise a MAC control layer bus 0423, a forwarding matrix control bus 0424, a data service forwarding bus 0425, a multicast service forwarding bus 0426, a unicast service forwarding bus 0427 and a logic control bus, wherein the bus interfaces can adopt a high-speed SerDes interface or Pcie interface to realize the control of data transmission, a data plane and a logic plane among internal modules.

The multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit may further include a service side data service interface 0401 and a multicast service interface 0402, a user side interface 0407, a configuration management interface 0408, a control management interface 0409, a monitoring interface 0410 and a power interface 0411.

The chip of the multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit may further include multicast service SerDes interfaces 0403 and 0404 and unicast service SerDes interfaces 0405 and 0406.

As shown in fig. 14, which is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a data forwarding matrix unit 0412, a multicast service forwarding matrix unit 0415, and a unicast service forwarding matrix 0416, a cross-port forwarding interface 1401 and 1403, a crossbar 1402, a forwarding matrix main control module 1409, a management interface module 1408, a queue management module 1407, a control logic module 1406, a lookup engine module 1405, and a power management module 1404 may be included.

The data forwarding matrix unit 0412, the multicast service forwarding matrix unit 0415, and the unicast service forwarding matrix 0416 receive the forwarding policy and the preset table entry of the data plane control unit through the forwarding matrix control bus 0424 and the management interface module 1408, and coordinate corresponding functional modules through the forwarding matrix main control module 1409 thereof, so as to complete fast forwarding of the data frame.

The crossbar 1402, which is a data exchange channel at a physical level, is used to directly forward the data packets of the input ports to the designated output ports. All input ports can send data to any output ports at the same time, and a plurality of data packets can be transmitted at the same time, so that the throughput is improved, namely, as an electronic intersection, the input line and the output line are dynamically connected through switch control signals.

The lookup engine module 1405 parses the packet header (e.g., MAC address, IP address, port number) and matches the destination port quickly according to the forwarding table. And supporting wild card matching rules, storing forwarding table entries and supporting quick reading. Low latency-single seek times are typically on the order of nanoseconds. Multidimensional matching-support for priority-based multi-field matching (e.g., L2/L3/L4 header fields).

The forwarding matrix master control module 1409, which is used as the "brain" of the forwarding matrix, is used for coordinating the data flow among the crossbar switch, the search engine and the port interface, allocating the transmission time slot of the data packet, processing congestion control (such as queue scheduling), and supporting virtualization (e.g. VLAN and VXLAN label processing).

Transport forwarding interfaces 1401 and 1403, which are used for interacting with external physical links, may include receiving, parsing, checksum sending of a data packet, implementing physical transmission, logical isolation and efficient scheduling of the data packet between ports, implementing signal forwarding by the physical interface, isolating traffic by the logical interface, providing interconnection by a backplane bus, and coordinating a chip module by an internal bus.

The control logic module 1406 is configured to manage an operation state of the forwarding matrix, including loading of forwarding entries, error detection, and fault recovery. And interacting with a data control plane, dynamically updating a forwarding table, and monitoring the link state (such as packet loss rate and delay).

The queue management module 1407 manages queuing and scheduling of packets at the output ports, ensures quality of service (QoS), and specifically, priority-based queue management and active queue management.

The forwarding matrix has the function of executing a preset item strategy of the data plane control unit, realizing line speed forwarding through hardware acceleration (such as ASIC), and avoiding the CPU from becoming a bottleneck. The packets are forwarded directly at the hardware level, with delays typically on the order of microseconds. The crossbar matrix supports multipath parallel transmission, and the throughput is higher. And supporting a protocol of dynamically updating the forwarding table, and adapting to the change of network strategies. And through hardware-accelerated pipeline processing, combining with dynamic decision of a forwarding table, completing data path selection and quick forwarding in a cross switch matrix.

As shown in fig. 15, the data plane control unit 0419 may include a MAC layer interface module 1501, a forwarding table management module 1502, a policy issuing interface module 1503, a data plane control unit host module 1509, a management interface module 1508, a status monitoring module 1507, a policy enforcement engine module 1506, a rule synchronization module 1505, and a power management module 1504.

The data plane control unit main control module 1509 receives the input data frame of each port through the MAC layer interface module 1501, parses the data frame, manages the MAC address table and VLAN management, forms a forwarding table entry, and drives the forwarding matrix through the policy issuing interface module 1403 to complete fast forwarding of the data frame.

The forwarding table management module 1502 is configured to maintain dynamic forwarding table entries (e.g. MAC address table, routing table, ACL rule), support automatic learning (e.g. learning MAC address through ARP protocol) or manual configuration of the forwarding table, and automatically generate the forwarding table through MAC address learning. Real-time performance and consistency of forwarding table items are ensured, the latest matching rule is provided for the forwarding matrix, and conflicts (such as multipath routing priority) of the forwarding table are processed.

The policy enforcement engine module 1506 is configured to map higher layer policies (e.g. QoS priority, VLAN partitioning, security policies) to underlying forwarding rules, and support dynamic adjustment of policies (e.g. traffic speed limit, port isolation). The flexible configuration of the network policy is realized, the change of service demands (such as burst traffic scheduling) is adapted, and the resource isolation in the multi-tenant environment is supported.

The management interface module 1508 communicates with an upper control plane (e.g., SDN controller), receives a global policy instruction, receives a flow entry issued by the controller through a protocol, and converts the flow entry into TCAM configuration. And the northbound interface is used for interacting with the forwarding matrix, transmitting forwarding table items and rules and transmitting QoS queue parameters to the forwarding matrix. The decoupling of the control logic and the forwarding hardware is realized, the remote centralized management is supported, the standardized protocol support is provided, and the equipment of different manufacturers is compatible.

The status monitoring module 1507 is configured to monitor a network status (e.g., link quality, port load, packet loss rate) and detect an abnormal event (e.g., link failure, loop). And when the port congestion is detected, automatically adjusting a queue scheduling algorithm. After the link failure is found, the controller is notified to recalculate the forwarding route and forwarding path. And triggering strategy dynamic adjustment (such as fault switching and load balancing), generating logs and alarm reports, and assisting in fault detection.

Rule synchronization module 1505 is configured to ensure the consistency of forwarding entries in the distributed forwarding matrix (e.g., multi-line card scenario), and support atomic updating of rules (e.g., to avoid forwarding interruption caused by rule collision). In a distributed system, forwarding entries are synchronized by a coherence protocol (e.g., RAFT). When the forwarding table is updated online, a batch updating strategy is adopted, so that service interruption is avoided. The method maintains globally consistent forwarding behavior in a complex architecture (such as a distributed switch), and supports rule dynamic loading when a line card is hot plugged.

As shown in fig. 16, the logical plane control unit 0420 may include a data plane control unit management module 1601, a routing protocol module policy issuing interface module 1602, a management protocol module 1603, a security control module 1604, a QoS (quality of service) module 1605, a spanning tree protocol module 1606, a protocol conversion unit management module 1607, a power management module 1608, a VLAN management module 1609, a multicast management module 1610, a DHCP module 1611, a time synchronization module 1612, a log and alert module 1613, a configuration management interface module 1614, and a logical control plane master module 1615.

The data plane control unit management module 1601 presets a data forwarding policy of the data plane control unit and a working mode of the protocol conversion unit through a management function of a related module in the main control unit, and manages configuration management, control and detection of other modules in the integrated circuit.

The routing protocol module policy issuing interface module 1602 is configured to run a dynamic routing protocol (e.g., OSPF, BGP, RIP), exchange routing information with other network devices, generate and maintain a routing table, and determine an optimal data forwarding path. Communication across subnets or networks is realized, complex network topology is supported, network changes (such as link faults) are automatically adapted, and the reachability of the route is ensured.

The management protocol module 1603, which supports chip configuration and management protocols, provides CLI (command line interface) or Web interface for administrator operation. For remote configuration of chip parameters (e.g., VLAN, port rate, security policy), monitoring of device status (e.g., CPU usage, port traffic, temperature, etc.).

The Security control module 1604 implements Access Control Lists (ACLs), filters illegal traffic, supports Port Security (Port Security), 802.1X authentication, MAC address binding, and defends against network attacks (e.g., MAC Flooding, ARP spoofing). The method is used for protecting the chip from unauthorized access and malicious traffic and ensuring confidentiality and integrity of network data.

QoS (quality of service) module 1605 performs traffic shaping, speed limiting, congestion management based on the DSCP, VLAN tag, port, etc. classified traffic priorities. The method is used for guaranteeing the bandwidth and low delay of key services (such as voice and video), avoiding network congestion and optimizing resource allocation.

The spanning tree protocol module 1606 runs STP (or modified version RSTP/MSTP), detects and eliminates network loops, automatically switches redundant links, and improves network reliability. The method is used for preventing broadcast storm and infinite loop of data packets, supporting network topology redundancy design and realizing rapid recovery of faults.

The protocol conversion unit management module 1607 sets the working state of the protocol conversion unit under the management action of the main control module, and manages the protocol conversion unit under the management action of the corresponding module of the logic plane control unit.

The power management module 1608 is used for ensuring power supply management and power supply management of the logic plane control unit.

VLAN management module 1609 creates and manages Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs), divides broadcast domains, supports VLAN Trunking (e.g., 802.1Q tags), and inter-VLAN routing (three layer parts are required). The method is used for isolating different service flows (such as data service, monitoring and multicast service) so as to improve the safety and efficiency, flexibly expand the network scale and simplify the management of the broadcast domain.

The multicast management module 1610 runs IGMP Snooping/Proxy (IPv 4) or MLD Snooping (IPv 6), manages multicast group members, supports multicast routing protocols such as PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast), and supports multicast stream protocol conversion without starting IGMP protocol. The method is used for optimizing multicast traffic distribution, avoiding flooding and wasting bandwidth, and realizing efficient one-to-many content transmission (such as video live broadcast).

The DHCP module 1611, acting as a DHCP server or relay, allocates an IP address to the terminal, and manages an address pool, lease, and DNS configuration. The method is used for simplifying network configuration of the terminal equipment, supporting dynamic IP allocation and adapting to the frequent access scene of the mobile equipment.

The time synchronization module 1612 supports NTP (network time protocol) or PTP (precision time protocol), and synchronizes the forwarding clocks to ensure time consistency of log and traffic statistics, and meets the requirements of time sensitive applications (e.g., data exchange and protocol conversion).

The log and alarm module 1613 logs event logs (e.g., port state changes, security events), triggers alarm notifications (e.g., SNMP Trap, mail notifications). The method is used for assisting in fault investigation and network audit, monitoring network abnormality in real time and improving operation and maintenance efficiency.

And a configuration management interface module 1614, which provides detection, configuration, test and management interface functions for the logic control plane control unit, so as to realize full life cycle management of the integrated circuit.

Further, the workflow of the logic plane control unit 0420 is completed by the main control CPU, and the protocol conversion flow is realized by scheduling the above functional modules, and the workflow is mainly as follows:

S1, initializing configuration, wherein an administrator configures VLAN, routing protocol, security policy and the like through CLI or SNMP.

And S2, protocol operation, wherein a routing protocol module generates a routing table, an STP module calculates loop-free topology, and a multicast module manages group members.

And S3, dynamically adjusting, namely updating configuration (such as switching routing paths and adjusting QoS strategies) in real time according to network states (such as link faults and traffic congestion).

S4, safety protection, namely filtering illegal traffic by an ACL and a port safety module to prevent attack.

S5, monitoring and maintaining, namely recording operation and events by a log module, and informing an administrator of abnormal states by an alarm module.

The logic control plane master control module 1615 is a core control module of the integrated circuit, and implements management of a data plane control unit of the integrated circuit, routing protocol management, management protocol generation, security control management, qoS (quality of service) management, spanning tree protocol management, management of a protocol conversion unit, power management, VLAN management, multicast protocol management, DHCP function management, clock synchronization management, log and alarm management, so as to ensure multicast service protocol conversion, multi-service multiplexing and forwarding of data services and unicast services.

Further, the logic plane control unit 0420 can set the working mode of the integrated circuit, so as to adapt to the requirements of multi-mode multi-service multiplexing and de-multiplexing and data forwarding.

The integrated circuit provided by this example may have the following optional modes of operation:

1) Multi-service modes of communication service, broadband service and broadcast television program multicast service.

In this mode, there are two states supporting the start multicast group protocol state and the non-start multicast group protocol state, in which the protocol conversion module is turned off, in which the core network and the access terminal support the multicast group protocol. In the state of not starting the multicast group protocol, the protocol conversion unit is started, receives and caches all multicast streams or broadcast streams at the service side, performs protocol conversion on the target multicast streams or broadcast streams according to the user request, and forwards the target multicast streams or broadcast streams to the target user.

2) A single service mode of a communication service, a broadband service or a broadcast television program multicast service.

In the single communication service and broadband service mode, the protocol conversion part in the chip is closed, and the chip only performs the signaling receiving and service forwarding of the communication service and the broadband service. In the single broadcast television program multicast service mode, the service side only has the broadcast television program multicast service which does not start the multicast protocol, and the protocol conversion module is started, receives and caches all multicast streams or broadcast streams of the service side, performs protocol conversion on the target multicast stream or broadcast stream according to the user request, and forwards the target multicast stream or broadcast stream to the target user.

As shown in fig. 17, the protocol conversion unit 0421 may include an input network interface module 1701, DMA engines 1702 and 1705, a cache interface and cache management module 1703, a protocol conversion encapsulation forwarding module 1704, a unicast output network interface module 1706, a user request network interface module 1707, a user request, a rights management and port mapping management module 1708, a monitoring alarm management module 1709, a protocol parsing module 1710, a main storage module 1711, a clock management module 1712, a power module 1713, a configuration management module 1714, and a protocol conversion unit main control module 1715.

The protocol conversion unit has the relevant functions of a TCP/IP protocol transmission layer, a network layer, a data link layer, a medium irrelevant layer and a physical layer, and the like, such as receiving, unloading, buffering, protocol conversion, loading, forwarding and the like.

Specifically, the network interface layer may include an input network interface module 1701, DMA engines 1702 and 1705, a unicast output network interface module 1706, and a user request network interface module 1707, and further includes a physical layer, a media independent layer, a MAC control layer, a DMA Engine (direct memory access), a receive/transmit Buffer (Rx/Tx Buffer), a hardware Offload Engine (Offload Engine), and RSS (receive side extension), wherein:

The physical layer comprises a PMD sub-layer, a PMA sub-layer and a PCS sub-layer, and is used for completing photoelectric conversion, serial-parallel conversion and clock recovery, and decoding and descrambling functions of the physical sub-layer 66B/64B. The main task of the physical layer is to convert the bit stream received from the transmission medium into an original data frame (including destination MAC, source MAC, CRC check, etc.), and then transmit the original data frame to the MAC control layer through the MII interface of the medium independent layer for processing the data frame.

The media independent layer is an interface between the data link layer and the physical layer that transmits the original frames. In this example, the following interfaces may be specifically included:

1)XAUI(10 Gigabit Attachment Unit Interface):

Rate support 10 Gbps, transmission mode 4 pairs of differential lines (3.125 Gbps each pair), total bandwidth 10 Gbps, low interference reducing signal integrity risk through serialization and channel bonding.

2) XLGMII/CGMII for 25G/25G/100G Ethernet, a higher speed serial interface (e.g., 25Gbps per channel) is used.

3) CAUI/KR4:100G Ethernet standard, by multi-channel bonding (e.g., 4X 25G or 10X 10G).

The MAC control layer (data link layer) is used for processing a data link layer protocol (such as Ethernet frame encapsulation/decapsulation), managing MAC addresses and frame check (CRC), realizing the writing of received data in a receiving/transmitting Buffer (Rx/Tx Buffer) and the reading and forwarding of forwarded data from the receiving/transmitting Buffer (Rx/Tx Buffer).

And a receiving/transmitting Buffer (Rx/Tx Buffer) for temporarily storing the data packets to be processed, balancing the difference between the network rate and the processing speed, buffering burst traffic (such as high concurrency multicast stream), and preventing packet loss.

The DMA engine (direct memory access) directly reads and writes the host memory and bypasses the CPU to realize zero-copy data transmission. Multicast data is directly transmitted to the host memory from the receiving buffer area, and unicast stream can also be directly transmitted to the forwarding buffer from the host memory, thereby reducing CPU load.

The hardware unloading engine processes specific protocols (such as tasks of TCP/UDP checksum, VLAN label, unloading CRC, VLAN stripping and the like) through special hardware, and releases CPU resources.

RSS (receive side extension) for hash distribution of data streams to multiple queues, supporting multi-core parallel processing. Different multicast streams are distributed to different CPU cores to promote concurrent processing capacity.

Furthermore, the protocol conversion unit 0421 is provided with a multicast stream receiving network interface layer and a unicast forwarding network interface layer, wherein the multicast stream receiving network interface layer is used for monitoring all multicast streams of which the IGMP protocol is not started and multicast addresses and ports (such as 239.1.1.1:5000-239.1.1:5999) are preset, so that the basic tasks of multicast stream receiving, CRC (cyclic redundancy check), VLAN (virtual local area network) stripping and the like are realized. And the hardware dependence supports the parallel receiving of the multicast streams, unloads CRC check and reduces the CPU interrupt pressure. The receiving rate is 10G/25G optional. The unicast stream forwarding network interface layer is used for receiving a user request and forwarding the user request to the protocol conversion unit 0421, and forwarding the unicast stream to a target user through the physical layer after the target unicast stream is packaged into a data frame according to the user request, so that the CPU interrupt pressure is reduced. The forwarding rate is 25G/4 x 25G optional.

Specifically, the signal flow direction of the multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit is as follows:

1. Flow of receiving data stream into Rx Buffer:

The PHY chip (physical layer chip) converts physical signals (such as optical signals and electrical signals) into digital signals to finish the physical layer processing such as clock synchronization, signal decoding and the like.

The data flow is that physical signal, PHY chip, digital signal is output to MAC controller.

The MAC controller (medium access control layer) parses the ethernet frame structure (e.g., source/destination MAC address, frame type), checks the frame integrity (CRC check), filters invalid frames (e.g., broadcast storm control), and writes valid data packets into the receive Buffer (Rx Buffer).

The data flow is PHY output, MAC controller processing, and data storage in Rx Buffer.

The DMA engine (direct memory access) directly transfers the data in the Rx Buffer to the host memory through DMA, bypassing the CPU intervention (zero copy technique).

The data flow is Rx buffer→DMA engine→host memory (for protocol stack or application program processing).

2. Flow of transmitting data stream into Tx Buffer:

and the DMA engine directly writes the data to be transmitted in the host memory into the Tx Buffer through DMA, so that the CPU is prevented from participating in data carrying.

The data flow is host memory, DMA engine, and data storage Tx Buffer.

And the MAC controller reads the data packet from the Tx Buffer, encapsulates the Ethernet frame (adds the MAC address and the CRC check code), and transmits the encapsulated frame to the PHY chip for transmission.

The data flow is Tx Buffer- & gt MAC controller processing- & gt PHY chip sending.

PHY chips convert digital signals into physical signals (e.g., optical pulses, electrical signals) that are transmitted over a physical medium (fiber/wire) to a network.

The data flow is MAC controller output- & gtPHY chip- & gtphysical network.

The protocol parsing module 1710 is configured to disassemble the multicast data, for example, strip the head and tail of the ethernet frame, and extract the IP/UDP payload. For TS stream parsing, such as parsing MPEG-TS packet structure, verifying the validity of PID and sync byte (0 x 47). For metadata extraction, for example, extracting program name, code rate, audio/video track information from PMT/PAT table.

By using a lightweight TS parsing library, the problem of CPU overload is avoided, and by generating a program information table, the program information table is used by an EPG and a monitoring module.

The cache interface and cache management module 1703 are configured to perform the following functions:

a. time window buffering, namely, an independent annular buffer (for example, 5-second capacity) is allocated for each multicast stream, data is written according to time slices, the multicast data of the last 5 seconds is buffered, and the burstiness of a user request is responded.

B. And storing in slices, namely independently caching according to channels or programs, and avoiding data mixing.

C. and (3) eliminating a time window, namely automatically discarding overtime data, and ensuring real-time performance (for example, caching the content of the last 5 seconds).

D. And the data continuity is guaranteed, namely packet loss or disorder (synchronous by a PCR clock) in the TS stream is detected and repaired.

E. and (3) quick retrieval, namely positioning the data blocks in the buffer area according to the time stamp of the user request.

Furthermore, a Memory Pool (Memory Pool) can pre-allocate Memory blocks with fixed sizes, so that the allocation overhead of dynamic Memory is reduced. Buffer partitioning, namely setting an independent buffer area (for example, 239.1.1.1:5000→buffer area 1) for each multicast stream.

In practical implementation, the memory buffer uses high-efficiency data structure (such as circular queue) to store TS packets, and the disk buffer is used for supporting time-shifting television or review function. The buffer format is a common UDP socket IP header + UDP header + TS payload (without ethernet header and FCS).

The rights management and port mapping management module 1708 is configured to implement the following functions:

Function 1, port mapping function:

the static mapping table maintains a record of the fixed binding relationship of the multicast stream to the unicast port (e.g., 239.1.1.1:5000→6000).

And detecting port conflict, namely checking whether the port is occupied by other services or not when the port conflict is started.

Configuration loading, reading port mapping rules from a configuration file or database.

Implementation example:

{"CCTV-1": { "multicast": "239.1.1.1:5000", "unicast_port": 6000},

"CCTV-2": { "multicast": "239.1.1.2:5000","unicast_port": 6001}}。

Function 2, user request processing function:

HTTP API service, receiving user request (e.g. http:// 192.168.10.100:6000), resolving target unicast port.

And checking whether the user IP or Token has the right to access the program corresponding to the port.

Session log record, recording user play behavior (start time, IP, port, code rate).

Implementation example:

GET/playchannel =cctv-1→redirect to unicast address http://192.168.10.100:6000.

Function 3, rights management function:

After receiving the user request, the multi-service multiplexer first performs authority authentication. The authority authentication function is that a user obtains and binds the authority of the viewable platform service with the unique effective characteristic of the user in a live broadcast platform user management system, and the authority content is the authority and the authority effective duration of the broadcast content of the permitted viewing live broadcast service broadcast platform. When the set top box or the intelligent television of the user is started, the authority, the IP address and the MAC address are bound into a token and sent to the authority management and port mapping management module 1708, the authority management functional module and the platform user management system check the authority of the user token, and the authority is stored in the erasable power-down memory for storage when the effective duration is long, so that the confirmation of the platform when the user requests each time is avoided. When the user set top box or the intelligent television sends out a request for acquiring live program content, the permission management function module checks the token of the user set top box or the intelligent television, and the user request is processed through the function 2 when the permission is confirmed to be within the effective duration. The user computer and the mobile phone can share the authority of the set top box or the intelligent television only after being bound with the set top box or the intelligent television which obtains the authority.

The unicast encapsulation module 1704 is configured to implement the following functions:

1) And (3) protocol encapsulation, namely re-encapsulating the cached TS data into a unicast UDP stream to replace the target IP and the port.

2) Traffic replication-independent replication of the data streams is requested for each user (e.g., user a and user B watch the same program, generating two unicast streams).

3) QoS marking, adding DSCP priority to unicast stream (e.g. EF class guarantees real-time).

Specifically, DPDK or Netmap is used for accelerating data packet encapsulation, a kernel protocol stack is bypassed, and each unicast port is bound with independent threads for multithreading parallel processing.

The monitoring and alarming module 1709 is configured to implement the following functions:

1) And (3) carrying out flow statistics, namely monitoring the bandwidth of each unicast port, the number of concurrent users and the packet loss rate.

2) And (4) detecting a buffer state, namely checking the filling rate of the annular buffer area and early warning the overflow risk.

2) And hardware health checking, namely monitoring the temperature and load of the CPU and the memory.

Specifically, the protocol converter index can be acquired in real time through Prometheus, and the flow and the system state can be visually displayed through Grafana.

The configuration and management module 1714 is configured to implement the following functions:

1) And dynamically configuring parameters such as supporting hot-loading multicast address mapping, caching strategy and the like.

2) And (3) state monitoring, namely counting indexes such as bandwidth, concurrent user number, cache hit rate and the like in real time.

3) And the log record records user access log and error log, so that the fault detection is convenient.

Specifically, the parameter is dynamically adjusted through a configuration file or an API, and the integrated Prometheus/Grafana realizes monitoring, data acquisition and visual monitoring.

When implemented, the workflow of multicast to unicast for the non-dynamic port mechanism may include:

s1, receiving and caching multicast stream:

The multicast subscription, loading port mapping table when the integrated circuit is started, the 0404 port of the protocol conversion unit 0421 monitors all preset multicast addresses (for example, 239.1.1:5000-239.1.1.1.192:5000) which pass through the multicast service interface 0402 and are flooded to the physical layer interface 0403 through VLAN by the mixed mode.

Protocol parsing, in which the network module drives to strip Ethernet frames, and transmits IP/UDP load to the protocol parsing module to parse TS packet header, and verify PID and continuity counter (Continuity Counter).

Buffer writing, namely writing TS packets into corresponding annular buffer areas (for example, 239.1.1.1:5000-buffer area 1) according to multicast addresses and ports.

The old data is overwritten by the new data, preserving the latest 5 seconds of content.

S2, processing a user request:

The user initiates a request that the user clicks on "CCTV-1" through the EPG and the browser accesses the fixed URL http://192.168.10.100:6000.

HTTP redirection-the user request processing module returns the unicast stream address (still 192.168.10.100:6000 in practice) after verifying the rights.

Player connection user equipment (e.g. VLC) initiates a UDP connection request to 6000 port of the buffer.

S3, packaging and sending unicast stream:

and (3) data retrieval, namely, the unicast stream encapsulation module searches the mapping table according to the unicast port 6000 to find the corresponding multicast stream 239.1.1.1:5000. The latest TS data is extracted from the buffer area 1.

Protocol encapsulation, namely encapsulating TS data into unicast UDP packets. For example, a source IP, a protocol converter IP (192.168.10.100), a source port, a static binding port (e.g., 6000), a destination IP, a user equipment IP (192.168.1.101), a destination port, a user equipment random port (e.g., 50000).

Traffic replication and transmission if multiple users request the same port (e.g., 6000) at the same time, the network interface module 2 replicates a separate unicast stream for each user. The data is sent in parallel in multiple queues by the multithreading or network interface module 2.

S4, session maintenance and termination:

Heartbeat monitoring (optional) the user player periodically sends heartbeat packets (e.g., RTCP messages) and the monitoring module updates the session active time.

And releasing overtime, namely if the user stops playing and does not have a heartbeat, the integrated circuit stops sending data, but the unicast port 6000 still keeps monitoring.

And releasing the resources, namely releasing the buffer and the port resources only when the integrated circuit is restarted or manually closed.

S5, protocol converter port binding mechanism:

the mapping relation of converting the port number of the multicast stream into the port number of the unicast stream is determined as a static port binding management mechanism.

The port non-dynamic binding mechanism and the port dynamic binding mechanism are described as follows:

1. Fixing unicast Port number (static mapping)

Scene description:

The EPG is preconfigured with unicast port numbers for each channel hard coded directly in the Electronic Program Guide (EPG), for example:

CCTV-1 → http://192.168.10.100:6000/udp/239.1.1.1:5000

CCTV-2 → http://192.168.10.100:6001/udp/239.1.1.2:5000。

the static rule of the protocol converter is that the ports 6000-6192 are pre-bound, and each port corresponds to a multicast stream, for example:

port 6000 is mapped to multicast stream 239.1.1.1:5000;

Port 6001 maps to 239.1.1.2:5000;

And so on.

Based on this, the user request flow may include:

s1, clicking a CCTV-1 button in the EPG by a user.

S2, the EPG generates a fixed URL, http://192.168.10.100:6000/udp/239.1.1.1:5000.

The protocol converter, upon receiving the request, extracts the data from the multicast stream 239.1.1.1:5000 and then sends it to the user through the unicast port 6000.

According to the processing method of the fixed unicast port number, the EPG is not required to be dynamically queried, and a fixed URL is directly constructed, so that the method is simple and direct, ports correspond to channels one by one, and logs and monitoring are clear, so that the method is easy to check. However, 192 ports need to be pre-allocated, resources are occupied even if no user views, the port resources are wasted, the protocol converter and the EPG configuration need to be manually modified for the newly added channel, and the expansibility is poor.

2. Dynamic unicast port numbers (distribution on demand)

Scene description:

The EPG dynamically requests that the EPG does not hard code the port number, but applies for a temporary port to the protocol converter through an API.

An example request is http://192.168.10.100/api/requestchannel =239.1.1.1:5000.

The protocol converter dynamically allocates, after receiving the request, a free port (e.g., 52000) from the dynamic port pool (e.g., 50000-65535). And establishing a mapping relation of 52000-239.1.1.1:5000. Return response { "url": "http://192.168.10.100:52000" }.

Based on this, the user request flow may include:

s1, clicking a CCTV-1 button in the EPG by a user.

S2, the EPG sends an API request to the protocol converter:

http://192.168.10.100/api/requestchannel=239.1.1.1:5000。

S3 protocol converter assignment port 52000, return { "url": "http://192.168.10.100:52000" }.

S4 user player connection 192.168.10.100:52000 receives unicast streams.

According to the processing method of the dynamic unicast port number, the ports are allocated according to needs, and are automatically released when idle, so that the effect of high-efficiency utilization of resources can be achieved, massive users and channels are supported, pre-configuration is not needed, and therefore the expansibility is high. However, the processing method needs to implement port allocation, session management and timeout recovery, so that the complexity is high, and further, the player needs to support dynamic URL acquisition (for example, through JSON API), so that the compatibility requirement of the terminal needs to be met.

The comparison of the fixed unicast port scheme and the dynamic unicast port number scheme described above can be as follows in table 1:

TABLE 1

The final configuration example is as follows:

1. fixed port scheme (EPG hard coded):

EPG channel list:

CCTV-1: http://192.168.10.100:6000/udp/239.1.1.1:5000

CCTV-2: http://192.168.10.100:6001/udp/239.1.1.2:5000

...

CCTV-192: http://192.168.10.100:6192/udp/239.1.1.192:5000。

Protocol converter configuration:

map 6000 http://192.168.

map 6001 http://192.168.

...

map 6192 http.1.1.192:5000。

2. Dynamic port scheme (API interactions):

EPG request logic, user clicks CCTV-1, sends GET/api/requestchannel =239.1.1.1:5000.

Protocol converter response 1:50001.1:5000 nel=239.1.1.1:5000/23.

Protocol converter session table:

Session 1:

User IP: 192.168.1.101

Channel: 239.1.1.1:5000

port 52000 (timeout: 2023-10-01 14:30:00).

According to the fixed port scheme, the user requests a URL such as http:// 192.168.10.100:6000/udp/239.1.1:5000, the EPG needs to hard code the port number, the system is simple in the mode, the delay is small, and compared with the dynamic port scheme, the time of 100-500 ms can be saved. According to the dynamic port scheme, a user obtains a temporary port (such as http:// 192.168.10.100:52000) through an API, the EPG does not need to preset the port, session management logic is required to be developed in the mode, the system is complex, and the delay is large.

Based on the above, it can be seen that the protocol conversion integrated circuit captures the multicast stream through the multicast stream receiving interface module, the protocol analysis module analyzes the multicast stream, the port mapping module realizes static mapping management of the multicast port and the unicast port, the cache management ensures real-time requirements, the protocol encapsulation module can realize encapsulation of the unicast stream, the unicast stream forwarding interface can realize forwarding of the unicast stream, the user request management module can manage user requests, the configuration management module can realize configuration and detection of the integrated circuit, and finally, the aim of efficient and stable multicast-to-unicast conversion is realized. The core is hardware accelerated protocol processing and intelligent resource management to handle high concurrency and low delay unicast conversion and forwarding of multicast streams.

The configuration management, monitoring and control interface module 0428 comprises a control interface, a test interface and a management interface, wherein the control interface is used for realizing coordination of internal resource scheduling and external communication protocol adaptation, the test interface ensures the manufacturing yield and the service reliability of the chip, reduces the cost of the whole life cycle, and the management interface realizes the observability and the programmability of the whole life cycle of the chip. The interface types can be an I2C interface, a USB interface and a SerDes interface.

The power management unit 0429 includes power supply and power supply portions for all units within the integrated circuit for monitoring and management and power input interfaces.

The storage unit 0417 comprises SRAM, flash, CAM and a TCAM, and is used for realizing data caching, running program caching, configuration storage and MAC table storage.

The Clock unit 0418 provides an accurate Clock signal (e.g. 125 MHz) to the system based on a crystal oscillator (Crystal Oscillator) or Silicon-based Clock chip (Silicon Clock) to ensure the timing consistency of data transmission and reception.

The cache interface management module 0422 may specifically include:

1. composition of the buffer:

The cache unit is mainly composed of the following core components:

1. The storage medium, the memory (RAM), the high-speed read-write, the very low delay (nanosecond level), is fit for the scene (for example: live stream) that the real-time requirement is high.

2. Data structure:

circular Buffer (Ring Buffer):

the method is characterized in that old data are circularly covered, the capacity is fixed, and memory overflow is avoided.

Application: live streaming buffering in real time (e.g., maintaining a ring buffer independently for each channel).

Hash Table (Hash Table):

features that cache content is located quickly (e.g., by channel ID or URL index).

And the application of managing multi-channel cache and supporting quick retrieval.

Time window queue:

Is characterized by that the data fragments (such as HLS. Ts file) are stored in time sequence.

Application supporting time-shift playback and dynamic generation of a playlist (.m3u8).

3. Cache management policy:

Elimination algorithm:

LRU (least recently used) eliminates long term non-accessed data.

LFU (least frequently used) eliminates data with low access frequency.

The time window is eliminated, the old data is covered according to fixed time (for example, 5 seconds), and the method is suitable for real-time flow.

4. And a protocol adaptation module:

multicast- & gt unicast encapsulation, converting multicast stream (such as UDP/TS) into unicast format such as HTTP-FLV, HLS, etc.

Dynamic code rate adaptation, namely switching fragments with different code rates (for example, HLS multi-code rate version) according to network conditions.

2. Core functions of the cache:

1. content distribution is expedited by reducing user access latency (e.g., pushing live streams directly from memory) by providing data nearby.

2. And the source station load is reduced, repeated requests to a multicast source or a back-end server are reduced, and bandwidth bottleneck is avoided.

3. High concurrency is supported by sharing cached content, serving a large number of user requests (e.g., thousands of people watching the same channel at the same time).

4. Fault tolerance and redundancy-in the event of a failure of the source, the dependent cache continues to provide service (e.g., playing the last 5 seconds of content of the cache).

5. Protocol compatibility-adaptation of different terminal protocols (e.g. handset→hls, pc→http-FLV).

3. The cache capacity selection method comprises the following steps:

real-time live stream scene:

1. the calculation formula is total buffer (Bytes) =channel number× ((code rate of high code rate channel in channel×buffer time)/8) ×security coefficient, wherein the buffer time is 5 seconds, and the security coefficient is 1.5.

For example, assuming a total of 192 channels, 50 sets of 120Mpbs rate 8K programs, 50 sets of 36Mpbs rate 4K programs, 50 sets of 25Mpbs rate high definition programs and 42 sets of 8M standard definition programs are planned, and the average code rate of 192 channels is 48 Mmbs. Then, total buffer capacity=192× ((120000000×5)/8) ×1.5=22 GB

2. Storage medium selection:

memory has low capacity requirement (less than or equal to 32 GB), high real-time requirement and DDR5 can be selected.

Capacity is 32GB memory.

3. Capacity optimization strategy:

Deduplication and compression-deduplication of duplicate content (e.g., multi-rate streams of the same channel), using a compression algorithm (e.g., h.265) reduces storage overhead.

4. Dynamic adjustment, namely automatically expanding/contracting the buffer capacity (such as cloud server elastic storage) according to the real-time traffic.

VLAN management planning:

All multicast streams (equivalent to broadcast streams) which are broadcast by the platform and are not started with the IGMP protocol are transmitted to the integrated circuit multicast service interface 0402 in a multicast flooding mode, the inside of the integrated circuit is transmitted to the integrated circuit internal SerDes interface 0403 in a multicast flooding mode through a forwarding matrix, and the integrated circuit internal SerDes interface 0404 is accessed to the protocol conversion unit 0421 through a SerDes adaptation bus, so that the access of all multicast streams is realized. In order to ensure that the multicast stream of the integrated circuit multicast service interface 0402 cannot be flooded to other interfaces, the integrated circuit multicast service interface 0402 and the integrated circuit internal SerDes interface 0403 are divided into one VLAN, such as VLAN100, by the logic plane control unit 0420, so that all the multicast stream of the integrated circuit multicast service interface 0402 can only be transmitted to the integrated circuit internal SerDes interface 0403, but cannot be broadcast to other ports in the chip, thereby ensuring that other ports are not affected.

Further, to ensure the secure transmission and port isolation requirements of broadband traffic and unicast traffic, the user side interface 0407 and unicast traffic SerDes interface 0406 may be divided into unicast traffic VLANs, e.g. VLAN200, by the logical plane control unit 0420, while the traffic side data traffic interface 0401 and user side interface 0407 are divided into broadband traffic VLANs, e.g. VLAN 300. Meanwhile, in order to realize the test, control and management of the chip, a management VLAN, such as VLAN400, is planned, and through the VLAN management, the port isolation of multiple services can be ensured, and meanwhile, the fast forwarding QoS guarantee of each service is realized.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, a flow chart of the service side multicast service or broadcast service of the integrated circuit, all of which are connected to the protocol conversion unit and buffered is shown.

In fig. 5, a plurality of sets of program TS over UDP data frames transmitted from the broadcast platform are accessed to the physical layer 0413 through the multicast service interface 0402, the physical layer 0413 restores the data frames to original frames and transmits the original frames to the data plane control unit 0419 through the media independent layer 0414, the data plane control unit 0419 analyzes the UDP data frames, confirms that the destination IP address of the data frames is a multicast address, the destination MAC address is a multicast address of an undetermined receiving host, the multicast IP address (for example: 239.1.1.1), the mapped MAC address is 01:00:5e:01:01:01, and the data plane control unit 0419 broadcasts the UDP data frames to the SerDes interface 0413 in the VLAN through the multicast service forwarding matrix 0415 and the multicast service forwarding bus 0426 according to the MAC layer flooding rule. The intra-VLAN SerDes interface 0413 also floods all multicast streams to the SerDes interface 0404 of the protocol conversion unit 0421 through the multicast service forwarding bus 0426, the protocol conversion unit 0421 listens all multicast frames of the intra-integrated circuit SerDes interface 0403 in a hybrid mode, receives all UDP streams through a physical layer and a media independent layer, strips all UDP streams from the frame header and the frame end, and then caches the packets to an external cache 0430 in a format of an ordinary UDP socket IP header+udp header+ts payload (without ethernet header and FCS) through the cache interface management module 0422, and caches the IP packets of each program in a channel-by-channel and slice manner. And maintaining the annular buffer area according to the time length, and automatically covering after overtime, wherein the time window can be selected to be 5 seconds.

In fig. 5, the dashed lines represent execution flows, wherein 501, 502, 503, 504 are decision making processes of the data plane control unit 0419, 505, 506 are forwarding of the multicast service forwarding matrix unit 0415 and receiving processes of the protocol conversion unit 0421, and 507 is a caching process of the protocol conversion unit 0421 to the external cache 0430 through the cache interface management module 0422.

In fig. 6, a flow diagram of a process of converting multicast to unicast is shown, when a user wants to watch a program of CCTV-1, the CCTV-1 displayed by an EPG is pressed by a remote controller, an application system in the television generates a request for watching the CCTV-1 program, http:// protocol converter IP address, unicast stream port number/udp/multicast stream IP address, such as http:// 192.168.10.100:6000/udp/239.1.1:5000, and forwards a data frame to a user interface 0407 corresponding to an integrated circuit in an access network local side device through a home router, the user interface 0407 accesses the data frame to a physical layer 0413, the physical layer 0413 restores the data frame to an original frame and then transmits the original frame to a data plane control unit 0419 through a media independent layer 0414, the data plane control unit 0419 after confirming a destination IP address and a destination MAC address of the data frame and the MAC address of the data frame, maps and updates the destination address, and forwards the data frame to a unicast frame through a unicast forwarding matrix 0416 and a unicast forwarding interface 0416, the data frame is converted to a unicast interface 0405, and a data frame is forwarded from a data layer 0426 to a unicast interface 0405, a data layer is converted to a data layer 0426, and a data layer is then is converted to a data layer 0426, and a data layer is forwarded from a data layer 0426 to a data layer 0430.

The specific flow of multicast to unicast may be as shown in dashed lines in fig. 6:

1) Receiving a request:

601. 602, 603, 604 is a decision process for a data plane control unit 0419;

605 and 606 are the processes by which unicast traffic forwarding matrix 0416 forwards and protocol conversion unit 0421 receives requests;

2) And (3) a forwarding process:

607. 608, 609, 610, 611 complete the procedure of multicast-to-unicast and unicast traffic forwarding matrix 0416 forwarding for protocol conversion unit 0421.

Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of forwarding communication service and broadband internet service, when a user initiates a communication service and broadband internet service request, such as https:// www.baidu.com/, and forwards the communication service and broadband internet service request to a user side interface 0407 corresponding to an integrated circuit in an access network local side device through a home router, the user side interface 0407 accesses a data frame to a physical layer 0413, the physical layer 0413 restores the data frame to an original frame and then transmits the original frame to a data plane control unit 0419 through a media independent layer 0414, the data plane control unit 0419 analyzes the data frame, confirms a destination IP address and a destination MAC address of the data frame, maps and updates a port and a MAC address, forwards the data frame to a service side data service interface 0401 in a VLAN through a data forwarding matrix unit 0412 and a data service forwarding bus 0425, accesses the data frame to a core network server through the service side data service interface 0401, returns the requested page according to an original path after the core network server receives the request, and forwards the data frame to the user side interface 0407 through a multicast service bus 0412, the data service forwarding matrix 0412 and the data forwarding unit 0412.

The flow of forwarding communication traffic and broadband internet traffic is shown in broken lines in fig. 7:

1) Receiving a request:

701. 702, 703, 704 are decision processes of a data plane control unit 0419;

705. 706 are forwarding processes for data forwarding matrix unit 0412.

2) Service return process:

707. 708, 709 are the return and forwarding procedures for broadband internet traffic.

Furthermore, the integrated circuit provided by the embodiment meets the above functions of aggregation, forwarding and protocol conversion, and also meets the functional requirements of firstly meeting the requirement of high concurrency rate, secondly supporting the IPV4/IPV6 dual-protocol stack function, thirdly providing the core function, the transmission function and the user side node function of the access network according to the definition of the access network, fourthly meeting the characteristics of multiple service types, low service volume density and high interface density of the access network, and thirdly meeting the requirements of better reducing the coverage cost and the household cost of the access network by adopting various ASIC schemes.

First) high concurrency demand:

Assuming that one chip provides 48 user interfaces, more user access capability and request and forwarding capability of different services in the same time period, and meanwhile, to meet the access capability of a plurality of terminals in the same user interface, the packet forwarding capability of the integrated circuit in unit time can be calculated according to the peak concurrency rate. For the requirements of internet service, the chip service interface rate and the packet forwarding capability per unit time can be determined according to the number of concurrent subscribers and the average access bandwidth of each subscriber. For multicast service, the number of access channels and the code rate of each channel determine the access bandwidth of the service, and two factors and forwarding measures of the number of concurrent terminals and the simultaneous watching of the same program by multiple terminals can be considered. The forwarding of the concurrent terminal can multiply the number of the concurrent terminals according to the code rate of each program to determine the packet forwarding capability, and when multiple users watch the same program at the same time, the following processing scheme can be adopted:

1. session sharing:

Unicast stream multiplexing-all users requesting the same program share the same cached data, and the protocol conversion unit maintains an independent session state (e.g. TCP connection or UDP port) for each terminal only. The method can reduce the cost of memory and CPU and avoid repeated data extraction and data encapsulation.

For example, suppose that user A and user B simultaneously request 239.1.1.1:5000, the protocol conversion unit reads data from the same buffer, and sends the data through different TCP connections.

2. And (3) concurrent treatment:

multithreading/corouting, namely distributing independent threads or coroutines for each user session, and realizing high concurrency response.

Zero copy-data replication between user and kernel states is avoided through memory mapping (mmap) or direct I/O.

3. Bandwidth management:

Speed limiting, namely ensuring that the bandwidth of a single user does not exceed the program code rate.

And the priority queue distributes high priority for the real-time video stream to avoid being blocked by other services.

Two) dual protocol stack mechanism:

TS over UDP meets the compatibility requirement in an IPv4/IPv6 dual stack environment, supports dual protocol stacks, supports IPv4 and IPv6 protocols by chip design, correctly configures an IPv4/IPv6 multicast address and a corresponding MAC address by multicast address mapping, forcedly enables IPv6 checksum by UDP check, controls UDP load size by path MTU management to avoid fragmentation, supports dual protocol multicast flooding by all devices in network device configuration, and supports PIM/PIM6 by a router. In this way, efficient and reliable transport of TS over UDP in an IPv4/IPv6 hybrid environment can be ensured.

Third) access network definition:

The integrated circuit and the general exchange chip provided by the embodiment are different, the multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit does not need to have exchange capability among user side ports, but needs to meet the service port function, the core function, the transmission function, the user port function and the management function of the access network, and needs to have strong uplink data convergence capability and downlink data distribution capability so as to realize the multiplexing, cross connection and transmission functions of the access network. Meanwhile, the method has a protocol conversion function to realize the requirement of converting multicast into unicast.

Fourth), access network service variety is many, service volume density is low and interface density is high:

The integrated circuit of the embodiment has the multi-service access function and the high-density user interface capability, thereby supporting multi-service multiplexing and demultiplexing and high-density user interfaces and reducing the coverage cost and the household cost of an access network.

Fifth) there are various forms of ASIC schemes:

The local side equipment multi-service multiplexer of the ASIC chip can better meet the requirements of reducing the coverage cost and the household cost of an access network. Further, the ASIC itself means an application specific integrated circuit, so that the ASIC solution meets the above-mentioned part and function definition, and also meets the model and architecture characteristics of the required device, and the better the combination of the two, the higher the cost performance, so as to achieve this goal, in this example, the configuration of the ASIC solution is refined by using the proposed device model and architecture of the integrated circuit, for example, the number and bandwidth of service side interfaces, the number and bandwidth of user side interfaces, the capacities of internal buffering, buffering and memory, the number and threads of core and forwarding of the master CPU, the packet forwarding rate of the forwarding matrix, the number and threads of the protocol converter CPU, the buffering capacity, and so on, and determines the different architectures and specification shaping methods of the finally developed multi-service multiplexing ASIC chip based on the basic model shown in fig. 4.

In various embodiments, the multi-service multiplexer may be designed as an integral model, a plugboard model and a split model, and may be designed as a two-stage architecture of a two-stage multiplexing unit and a one-stage multiplexing unit in order to facilitate control of access network coverage cost and household cost, where the two-stage multiplexing unit faces a service side, the one-stage multiplexing unit faces a user side, and the two-stage multiplexing unit and the one-stage multiplexing unit are connected through a backplane bus (integral model), a motherboard slot (plugboard model), and an optical fiber interface (split model). Therefore, whether the integrated type, the plugboard type or the split type has the common point that the integrated type, the plugboard type or the split type has a secondary multiplexing unit facing a service side and a primary multiplexing unit facing a user side, and if the secondary multiplexing unit is regarded as a convergence layer, one secondary multiplexing unit can be provided with a plurality of primary multiplexing units, thereby meeting the requirements of an access network convergence layer and an access layer architecture, and meeting the requirements of deployment of various scenes by combining the structures of an integrated model, a plugboard model and a split model.

Based on the above conception, the application of the integrated circuit provided by the example on the multi-service multiplexer can comprise the following implementation forms:

Example 1:

As shown in fig. 8, the multi-service multiplexer is composed of one secondary multiplexing unit 0801 and 1-M primary multiplexing units 0806, wherein the values of M include, but are not limited to, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24.

The secondary multiplexing unit 0801 of the multi-service multiplexer may be composed of a secondary multiplexing unit core module 0802, a service side 10G/25G/100G selectable rate communication service, broadband internet service core network interfaces 0803, 10G/25G selectable rate core network multicast service interfaces 0804, and a user side 10G/25G selectable rate multi-service interface 0805 capable of accessing 1-M primary multiplexing units.

The primary multiplexing unit 0806 of the multi-service multiplexer can be composed of a core module 0807, a service side 10G/25G selectable rate multi-service interface 0808, 1-m 1G/10G user side interfaces 0809, a multi-channel integrated photoelectric converter 0810 and 1-N multi-core digital tail fiber adapters 0811.

As shown in fig. 8, in this example, an ASIC chip of an integrated circuit or an FPGA chip given an equivalent function code is used in the core module 0802 in the secondary multiplexing unit 0801 of the multi-service multiplexer, thereby satisfying broadband service, communication service convergence and multicast service protocol conversion forwarding functions to be as the core chip of the core module 0802 in the secondary multiplexing unit 0801 of the multi-service multiplexer shown in fig. 9.

Comparing fig. 9 with fig. 4, the internal structures and components are identical, the functions and principles of the internal component modules can be detailed in the description of fig. 4, and comparing fig. 9 with fig. 4, the number of user side interfaces 0407 is determined to be M10G/25G selectable rate SerDes interfaces, and the number of M includes but is not limited to 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24, so that the architecture requirement of the multi-service multiplexer shown in fig. 8 is met, and the core function of (broadband service, communication service) convergence/multicast service protocol conversion convergence multiplexing forwarding is met.

Further, the core function of the core module 0807 in the primary multiplexing unit 0806 shown in fig. 8 is that firstly, the user communication service, broadband internet service and multicast service requests are forwarded to the secondary multiplexing unit, and secondly, the content obtained by the user from the core network through the secondary multiplexing unit is forwarded to the user, so that the primary multiplexing unit has a multi-service access function, the core chip of the core module 0807 can be an ASIC chip or a general two-layer exchange chip, or an FPGA chip endowed with the same function code, the core requirement is that the multi-core fiber adapter 0811 is provided with more user interfaces, the number of m is 1-m, the number of m is required to meet 48, 64, 72 and 96, the transmission rate is 1G/10G selectable rate, and the gigabit/ten megameter access requirement is met.

Each primary multiplexing module is provided with W multiple integrated photoelectric conversion modules 0810, and photoelectric conversion is achieved on the user interface of the multi-service access module 0806. The number of the multiple integrated photoelectric conversion units 0810 may be L, and the value of L includes, but is not limited to, 12, 24, 48. Each multi-channel integrated photoelectric conversion assembly 0810 is connected to a multi-core tail fiber adapter 0811 on the chassis panel through the multi-core tail fibers, so that the optical fibers of a plurality of users are led into the home.

Example 2:

The multi-service multiplexer shown in fig. 10 is different from fig. 8 in that the ASIC chip of the integrated circuit or the FPGA chip endowed with the same functional code proposed in this example is used in the core module 1005 of the multi-service multiplexer primary multiplexing unit 0806, so that to satisfy the broadband service, the access of the communication service, and the multicast service protocol conversion forwarding function, the core chip of the core module 1005 of the multi-service multiplexer primary multiplexing unit 0806 shown in fig. 10 can be obtained as shown in fig. 11.

In fig. 10, the two-stage multiplexing unit 0801 of the multi-service multiplexer is composed of a broadband service/communication service convergence module 1001, a multicast service relay forwarding module 1003 and 1-M one-stage multiplexing units 0806. Wherein the values of M include, but are not limited to, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24.

The broadband service/communication service convergence module 1001 of the secondary multiplexing unit 0801 of the multi-service multiplexer may be composed of a service side 10G/25G/100G selectable rate communication service, a multicast service relay forwarding module 1003, and a user side 10G/25G selectable rate data service interface 1002 capable of accessing 1-M primary multiplexing units.

The multicast service relay forwarding module 1003 of the secondary multiplexing unit 0801 of the multi-service multiplexer may be composed of a service side 10G/25G selectable rate multicast service core network interface 0804 and a user side 10G/25G selectable rate data service interface 1004 capable of accessing 1-M primary multiplexing units.

The primary multiplexing unit 0806 of the multi-service multiplexer may be composed of a core module 1005 of the multi-service multiplexer primary multiplexing unit 0806 of (broadband service, communication service) access/multicast service, a service side 10G/25G selectable rate data service interface 1006 and multicast service interface 1007, 1-m 1G/10G user side interfaces 0809, a multi-channel integrated photoelectric converter 0810 and 1-N multi-core digital pigtail adapters 0811. The primary multiplexing unit has more user interfaces, the number of the user interfaces 0810 is 1-m, the number of m is required to meet 48, 64, 72 and 96, the transmission rate is 1G/10G selectable rate, and the giga/giga household demand is met.

In fig. 10, an ASIC chip of the integrated circuit of this example or an FPGA chip given with an equivalent function code is used in the core module 1005 of the primary multiplexing unit 0806 of the multi-service multiplexer, so that broadband service, communication service convergence and multicast service protocol conversion forwarding functions are to be satisfied, and thus the core chip of the core module 1005 of the primary multiplexing unit 0806 of the multi-service multiplexer shown in fig. 10 can be obtained as shown in fig. 11.

Further, in fig. 11, compared with fig. 4 and fig. 9, the internal structure and the components are identical, and the functions and principles of the internal component modules are detailed in the description of fig. 4. Compared with fig. 11 and fig. 9, the difference is that the service-side data service and the multicast service interface rates are all 10G/25G selectable, and the number of user-side interfaces is m 1G/10G selectable rate SerDes interfaces, so that the architecture of the multi-service multiplexer shown in fig. 10 is completely satisfied, and the core functions of (broadband service, communication service) access/multicast service protocol conversion aggregation multiplexing forwarding are satisfied.

The core function of the broadband service/communication service convergence module 1001 of the secondary multiplexing unit 0801 shown in fig. 10 is to converge and forward the communication service and broadband internet service of the primary administration unit, and the functions are similar to the two-layer switching function, and the core chip may be an ASIC chip or a general two-layer switching chip, or may be an FPGA chip given with the same function code. The core function of the multicast service relay forwarding module 1003 is to relay and forward all multicast services of the platform to the M primary multiplexing units, and the core chip may be an ASIC chip or may also be implemented by using an intra-VLAN broadcasting function of the two-layer switching chip.

Further, each primary multiplexing unit 0806 is provided with W multiple integrated photoelectric conversion units 0810, and photoelectric conversion is achieved on the user interface of the primary multiplexing unit 0806. The number of the multiple integrated photoelectric conversion units 0810 may be L, and the value of L includes, but is not limited to, 12, 24, 48. Each multi-channel integrated photoelectric conversion assembly 0810 is connected to a multi-core number tail fiber adapter 0811 on the chassis panel through the multi-core number tail fibers, and fiber-to-the-home of a plurality of users is achieved.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 12, the multi-service multiplexer is composed of one secondary multiplexing unit 0801 and 1-M primary multiplexing units 0806, wherein the values of M include, but are not limited to, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24.

Further, the secondary multiplexing unit 0801 of the multi-service multiplexer may be composed of a broadband service/communication service convergence module 1001 and a multicast service protocol conversion module 1201. The broadband service/communication service convergence module 1001 is composed of a service side 10G/25G/100G selectable rate communication service, a broadband internet service core network interface 0803, and a user side 10G/25G selectable rate data service interface 1002 capable of accessing 1-M primary multiplexing units. The multicast service protocol conversion module 1201 consists of a service side 10G/25G selectable rate multicast service core network interface 0804 and a 10G/25G selectable rate unicast service interface 1202 for accessing 1-M primary multiplexing units by a user.

The multi-service multiplexer primary multiplexing unit 0806 is composed of a multi-service multiplexing access module 1204, a service side 10G/25G selectable rate data service interface 1006 and a unicast service interface 1203, a user side can provide a 1G/10G user side interface 0809 which can be accessed to 1-m users, a multi-channel integrated photoelectric converter 0810 and 1-N multi-core digital tail fiber adapters 0811.

In fig. 12, an ASIC chip of the integrated circuit of this example or an FPGA chip given with an equivalent function code is used in the multicast service protocol conversion module 1201 of the multi-service multiplexer secondary multiplexing unit 0801, so that broadband service, communication service convergence and multicast service protocol conversion forwarding functions are to be satisfied, and thus a core chip of the multicast service protocol conversion module 1201 of the multi-service multiplexer secondary multiplexing unit 0801, which is satisfied as shown in fig. 12, can be obtained as shown in fig. 13.

Fig. 13 is a two-stage multiplexing unit for the multi-service multiplexer compared with fig. 9, but the difference is that in fig. 13, the data service forwarding matrix unit 0412 and the corresponding transmission bus in fig. 9 are omitted, the service side communication service and the service side data service interface 0401 are also omitted, that is, the data service convergence part in fig. 4 is omitted, and only the multicast service interface 0402, the multicast service receiving, buffering, the multicast-to-unicast and unicast service forwarding functional units and modules are reserved, which is an independent multicast service protocol conversion-forwarding integrated circuit method for the two-stage multiplexing unit of the multi-service multiplexer. The functions and principles of the internal constituent modules are described in detail in fig. 4. Compared with fig. 13 and fig. 4, the number of the user side interfaces 0407 is determined to be M10G/25G selectable rate SerDes interfaces, so that the architecture of the multi-service multiplexer shown in fig. 12 is completely satisfied, and the core functions of (broadband service and communication service) convergence/multicast service protocol conversion convergence multiplexing forwarding are satisfied.

To sum up, in the example shown in fig. 12, the secondary multiplexing unit 0801 is independently configured with a broadband service/communication service convergence module 1001, the service side of the broadband service/communication service convergence module 1001 provides communication services, the broadband internet 10G/25G/100GSerDes interface 0803, and the user side provides a 10G/25G selectable rate SerDes interface 1002 that can access 1-M primary multiplexing units. The core chip of the broadband service/communication service convergence module 1001 may be an ASIC chip or a general two-layer exchange chip, or may be an FPGA chip endowed with the same function code, so as to implement broadband service and communication service convergence forwarding functions.

The core function of the multi-service multiplexing access module 1204 of the first-level multiplexing unit 0806 in the example shown in fig. 12 is that firstly, user communication service, broadband internet service and multicast service requests are respectively forwarded to the second-level multiplexing unit through a service side 10G/25G selectable rate data service interface 1006 and a unicast service interface 1203, secondly, content obtained by a user from a core network through the second-level multiplexing unit is forwarded to the user, so that the first-level multiplexing unit has the multi-service multiplexing access function, a core chip of the multi-service multiplexing access module 1204 can be an ASIC chip or a universal two-layer exchange chip, or an FPGA chip endowed with the same functional code, the core requirement is that the multi-service multiplexing access module 1204 is provided with more user interfaces, the number of the user interfaces 0809 is 1-m, the number of m should meet 48, 64, 72 and 96, the transmission rate is 1G/10G selectable rate, and the requirement of giga/ten megameters of the user is met.

Further, each primary multiplexing module is equipped with W multiple integrated photoelectric conversion modules 0810, and photoelectric conversion is implemented on the user interface of the multi-service multiplexing access module 1204. The number of the multiple integrated photoelectric conversion units 0810 may be L, and the value of L includes, but is not limited to, 12, 24, 48. Each multi-channel integrated photoelectric conversion assembly 0810 is connected to a multi-core number tail fiber adapter 0811 on the chassis panel through the multi-core number tail fibers, and fiber-to-the-home of a plurality of users is achieved.

Further, in the above three examples, the solution for receiving the on-demand service by various application terminals, such as mobile phones, computers and television terminals, is to implement the listening and viewing of the on-demand service through the data service channel according to the above embodiment based on the plan of fig. 3, and the system platform pushes the required content according to the code rate required by different terminals.

Specifically, the integrated circuit with the multi-service multiplexing and protocol conversion function can be applied to two forms of a multi-service multiplexing unit and a primary multiplexing unit of multi-service multiplexer local side equipment of a multi-service multiplexing access network, wherein the integrated circuit method with the multi-service multiplexing and protocol conversion function applied to the secondary multiplexing unit is provided with a 10G/25G/100G selectable rate data service interface and an independent 10G/25G selectable rate multicast service interface by a service side, and a user side is provided with the 10G/25G selectable rate interface which can be connected with M primary administration units, and the maximum value of M can be 24. The integrated circuit method with the integrated multi-service multiplexing and protocol conversion functions applied to the primary multiplexing unit is characterized in that a service side provides a 10G/25G selectable rate multi-service access interface, a user side provides a 1G/10G selectable rate user interface which can be accessed to m users, and the maximum value of m can be 96. Furthermore, the independent protocol conversion integrated circuit method can be applied to a second-level multiplexing unit and a first-level multiplexing unit of a multi-service multiplexer of the local side equipment of the multi-service multiplexing access network after being combined with a general exchange chip, and the service interface rate, the user interface rate and the interface number of the multi-service multiplexer meet the requirements.

For the mobile phone and the computer to watch the live broadcast service, two modes can be adopted to solve:

1) The live broadcasting platform broadcasts all live broadcasting contents through two code rates, one code rate is a high-definition and ultra-high-definition standard large-screen code rate for watching by a television, the television watches the live broadcasting contents of the large-screen code rate through the protocol converter channel in the embodiment, and the other code rate is a small-screen code rate suitable for watching by a mobile phone and a computer, and the mobile phone and the computer watch the live broadcasting contents of the small-screen code rate through the protocol converter channel in the embodiment as same as the television terminal.

2) When a request for watching a live channel is made by a mobile phone or a computer, the system can transcode the live channel in real time and push the transcoded live channel to a target terminal through a data service channel, so that the function of watching the live channel by listening to the mobile phone or the computer is realized.

The integrated circuits shown in fig. 9, 11 and 13 and other functional chips are combined into a multi-service multiplexer shown in fig. 8, 10 and 12, so that the multi-service multiplexer provides communication service and broadband internet service for users, and meanwhile, the protocol conversion is realized on the broadcast signals of the cable television live channels or the multicast signals of the IPTV platform, and then the broadcast signals or the multicast signals are accessed to the users in a unicast stream, thereby solving the problem of insufficient compatibility of the broadcast signals or the multicast signals to the home terminals.

Further, the multi-service multiplexer realized by the integrated circuit method and other functional chip combination shown in the above fig. 9, 11 and 13 comprises a secondary multiplexing unit and M primary multiplexing units, wherein the number of M comprises, but is not limited to, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24, the user side of each primary multiplexing unit provides M user interfaces, the value of M comprises, but is not limited to, 48, 64, 72 and 96, after the M user interfaces are converted into optical signals through W multiplexing integrated photoelectric conversion devices, the optical signals are accessed to a multi-core digital tail fiber adapter seat on a chassis panel through a multi-core digital tail fiber and a multi-core digital tail fiber adapter mother head so as to be in butt joint with a multi-core digital tail fiber adapter male head outside the chassis, and the access of each user sharing one core optical fiber independently is realized. The W value of each multiplexing unit multiplexing integrated photoelectric conversion device comprises, but is not limited to, 4, 6 and 8, and the number of paths of each multiplexing integrated photoelectric conversion device is L, so that n=m×w multicore number pigtail adapter seats can be provided on the chassis panel of the whole machine, wherein w=m/L.

If the number of users that can be accessed by each multi-service multiplexer is expressed by the letter N, each multi-service multiplexer can access the number of users n=m=m×w×l=n×l.

According to the above expression:

m includes, but is not limited to, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 (which is the number of one-level multiplexing units in each multiservice multiplexer);

m includes, but is not limited to, 48, 64, 96 (number of user side interfaces per stage multiplexing module);

W includes, but is not limited to, 4, 6, 8, 12 (the number of integrated photoelectric converters multiplexed for each stage multiplexing unit);

n includes, but is not limited to, =m×w (the number of multi-core pigtail adapters for each multi-service multiplexer);

L includes, but is not limited to, 12, 16, 24 (the number of paths for photoelectric converters in the multi-path integrated photoelectric conversion transceiver or the number of cores in the multi-core pigtails);

Thus, the first and second heat exchangers are arranged, access number N of each multi-service multiplexer =m=m=w=l=n various combinations of L. Including but not limited to 192, 256, 384, 512, 768, and 1152 users.

In example 2 shown in fig. 10, the primary multiplexing units of the multi-service multiplexer deploy the integrated circuit with the protocol conversion function shown in fig. 11, and each primary multiplexing unit can access the number of users m=96 users. Therefore, the integrated circuit shown in fig. 11 has low chip development cost as long as the concurrency rate of m=96 users is satisfied for the transfer matrix, the data plane control unit, the protocol conversion unit, the buffer unit, and the user side interface rate.

In the example 1 shown in fig. 8 and the example 3 shown in fig. 12, the two-stage multiplexing units of the multi-service multiplexer deploy the integrated circuits with the protocol conversion functions shown in fig. 9 and fig. 13, because each two-stage multiplexing unit can access M first-stage multiplexing units with M users, when m=8 and m=96, one multi-service multiplexer can access n=8×96=768 users, so that the forwarding matrix, the data plane control unit, the protocol conversion unit, the buffer unit and the user interface rate of the integrated circuits shown in fig. 9 and fig. 13 are all amplified by M times, and the chip development cost is high.

Further, although the chip development cost of the scheme shown in fig. 10 is lower than that of the scheme shown in fig. 8 and 12, the chip of the scheme shown in fig. 10 can only be shared by 96 users, and each primary multiplexing unit needs to be equipped with a protocol conversion function chip, while the chip of the scheme shown in fig. 8 and 12 is shared by 768 users, and if the price difference between the two is less than M times, the cost performance of the latter is higher than the former. The former is relatively adaptable to an integrated model, the latter is relatively suitable for plug board type machine type and split type machine type, therefore, after different schemes are matched with different framework types, better cost performance can be obtained.

The multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit method provided by the embodiment is applied to an Ethernet technology single-shared optical fiber multi-service multiplexing broadband access network system, and can solve the technical problems that the service cost is high due to the two-channel service entry of data service and broadcast service in a cable television network and the compatibility of the cable television network after the service entry of the broadcast service is insufficient, and simultaneously solve the technical problems that the IPTV technology core network investment cost is high and the transmission quality of live broadcast service cannot meet the transmission quality of a broadcast grade. Furthermore, the multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit method disclosed in the embodiment supports a single-shared optical fiber star network architecture based on the Ethernet technology, and compared with the existing tree-structured PON network, the multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit method has the advantages that the number of side ports of local side equipment users is large, one user is one optical port, the number of cores of optical cables from a local side box body to a unit box body is large, each user independently shares one core optical fiber, the number of access network gateway ONU is small, each user independently shares one core optical fiber to replace PON network gateway ONU equipment, the user access bandwidth is large, the number of access bandwidth is large, the access bandwidth comprises but is not limited to 1000M, and the cost of all users is low.

Furthermore, in the multi-service multiplexing integrated circuit provided by the embodiment, after the protocol conversion part receives all multicast messages or broadcast messages which do not start the IGMP protocol and converts the multicast messages into unicast messages according to the user requirements, the unicast messages and the broadband services are accessed to the user home router together with the communication services, under the condition that the performances of a front-end service platform and a home television can be met, the television can be provided with no set top box to watch large screen content, and various terminals such as the television, a computer and a mobile phone can obtain multi-service services through the home router, so that the problems that various terminals are incompatible and inconvenient to operate caused by the fact that a cable television service cannot be accessed to the home router and two local area networks such as a cable television and a data network must exist in the user home can be solved. Compared with the existing network for receiving the live television service by starting the IGMP protocol, the scheme of the embodiment greatly reduces the investment cost of CDN nodes of the core network and simultaneously does not need to be equipped with an entrance gateway at home, thereby reducing the investment cost of a convergence network of broadband service, communication service and broadcast television service.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for a hardware+program class embodiment, the description is relatively simple, as it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, as relevant see the partial description of the method embodiment.

The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

Although the application provides method operational steps as described in the examples or flowcharts, more or fewer operational steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one way of performing the order of steps and does not represent a unique order of execution. When implemented by an actual device or client product, the instructions may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment) as shown in the embodiments or figures.

Although the present description provides method operational steps as described in the examples or flowcharts, more or fewer operational steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one way of performing the order of steps and does not represent a unique order of execution. When implemented in an actual device or end product, the instructions may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even in a distributed data processing environment) as illustrated by the embodiments or by the figures. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, it is not excluded that additional identical or equivalent elements may be present in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a described element.

For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being functionally divided into various modules, respectively. Of course, when implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, the functions of each module may be implemented in the same or multiple pieces of software and/or hardware, or a module that implements the same function may be implemented by multiple sub-modules or a combination of sub-units, or the like. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller in a pure computer readable program code, it is well possible to implement the same functionality by logically programming the method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, etc. Such a controller can be regarded as a hardware component, and means for implementing various functions included therein can also be regarded as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for achieving the various functions may be regarded as either software modules implementing the methods or structures within hardware components.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

In one typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

The memory may include volatile memory in a computer-readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

Computer readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. Computer-readable media, as defined herein, does not include transitory computer-readable media (transmission media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present specification embodiments may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present description embodiments may take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present embodiments may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The embodiments of the specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as relevant to see a section of the description of method embodiments. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present specification. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

The foregoing is merely an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the embodiment of the present disclosure. Various modifications and variations of the illustrative embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, or the like, which is within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present specification, should be included in the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present specification.

Claims

1. An integrated circuit for a central office device of a multi-service multiplexing access network, comprising: a data forwarding matrix unit, a multicast service forwarding matrix unit, a unicast service forwarding matrix unit, a data plane control unit, a logical plane control unit, and a protocol conversion unit; wherein:

The data forwarding matrix unit, the multicast service forwarding matrix unit, and the unicast service forwarding matrix receive the forwarding strategy and forwarding table entries of the data plane control unit through the forwarding matrix control bus and the management interface module, and coordinate the functional modules through the main control module of the forwarding matrix to complete the rapid forwarding of data frames;

The data plane control unit includes: a MAC control layer and a data forwarding matrix management module, which is used to dynamically configure and control the switching matrix, generate and send forwarding table entries to the data forwarding matrix unit, the multicast service forwarding matrix unit, and the unicast service forwarding matrix, monitor the network status, receive and dynamically adjust the global policy instructions of the logical plane control unit;

The logical plane control unit is the core control unit of the data forwarding matrix unit, the multicast service forwarding matrix unit, the unicast service forwarding matrix, and the data plane control unit, and is used to determine the optimized unitized and modularized global policy instructions to implement protocol conversion, service multiplexing, and data forwarding for communication services, broadband Internet services, and cable TV services;

The protocol conversion unit is used to implement the live broadcast service transmitted by the cable TV network in the access network local end equipment, including: after protocol conversion of UDP messages and IP broadcast streams that do not start the IGMP protocol, through the Ethernet technology-based access network that does not require the user to be equipped with a home gateway, access to the home router together with the communication service and broadband Internet service, providing users' various terminals with multi-service services with unified protocol communication services, broadband Internet services, and cable TV services.

2. The integrated circuit of a multi-service multiplexing access network central office device according to claim 1, wherein the data forwarding matrix unit, the multicast service forwarding matrix unit, and the unicast service forwarding matrix comprise: an inter-port forwarding interface, a crossbar switch matrix, a forwarding matrix master control module, a queue management module, a control logic module, and a search engine module; wherein:

The crossbar switch matrix, as a data exchange channel at the physical level, is used to forward data packets from input ports directly to designated output ports. All input ports can send data to any output port at the same time, and multiple data packets can be transmitted simultaneously.

The search engine module is used to parse the data packet header and match the destination port according to the forwarding table entry, supports wildcard matching rules, stores the forwarding table entries, and is also used to perform multi-field matching based on priority;

The forwarding matrix master control module is used to coordinate the data flow between the crossbar switch matrix and the search engine module and the interface, and allocate the transmission time slot of the data packet, congestion control and virtualization processing;

The cross-port forwarding interface is used to interact with the external physical link, including: receiving, parsing, checking and sending data packets, realizing physical transmission of data packets between ports, logical isolation and efficient scheduling. The physical interface is used for signal forwarding, the logical interface is used for isolating traffic, providing interconnection with the backplane bus, and coordinating chip modules for the internal bus;

The control logic module is used to manage the operating status of the forwarding matrix, including: loading of forwarding table entries, error detection and fault recovery;

The queue management module is used to queue and schedule data packets at the output port based on priority queue management and active queue management.

3. The integrated circuit of a multi-service multiplexing access network central office device according to claim 1, wherein the data plane control unit comprises: a MAC layer interface module, a forwarding table management module, a policy delivery interface module, a data plane control unit main control module, a management interface module, a status monitoring module, a policy execution engine module, and a rule synchronization module; wherein:

The data plane control unit main control module is used to receive the input data frames of each port through the MAC layer interface module, parse the received data frames, manage the MAC address table and VLAN management, form forwarding table entries, and drive the forwarding matrix through the policy delivery interface module to complete the forwarding of data frames;

The forwarding table management module is used to automatically generate forwarding table entries through MAC address learning, provide the latest matching rules for the forwarding matrix, and handle conflicts in the forwarding table;

The policy execution engine module is used to map high-level policies to low-level forwarding rules and support dynamic adjustment of policies;

The management interface module includes a southbound interface and a northbound interface, wherein the southbound interface communicates with the upper control plane, is used to receive global policy instructions, receives flow table entries issued by the controller through the protocol, and converts them into TCAM configurations; the northbound interface interacts with the forwarding matrix, is used to issue forwarding table entries and rules, and issues QoS queue parameters to the forwarding matrix;

The status monitoring module is used to monitor the network status and detect abnormal events. When port congestion is detected, it automatically adjusts the queue scheduling algorithm. When a link failure is found, it notifies the controller to recalculate the forwarding route and forwarding path.

The rule synchronization module is used to synchronize forwarding table entries in a distributed system through a consistency protocol and upgrade the forwarding table online using a batch update strategy; maintain globally consistent forwarding behavior in complex architectures and support dynamic loading of rules when hot-plugging line cards.

4. The integrated circuit of the multi-service multiplexing access network central office device according to claim 1, wherein the logical plane control unit comprises: a data plane control unit management module, a routing protocol module policy delivery interface module 1602, a management protocol module, a security control module, a QoS module, a spanning tree protocol module, a protocol conversion unit management module, a power management module, a VLAN management module, a multicast management module, a DHCP module, a time synchronization module, a log and alarm module, a configuration management interface module, and a logical control plane master control module; wherein:

The data plane control unit management module is used to manage the configuration management, control and detection of each module in the integrated circuit according to the data forwarding strategy of the preset data plane control unit and the working mode of the protocol conversion unit;

The routing protocol module policy delivery interface module is used to run dynamic routing protocols, exchange routing information with other network devices, generate and maintain routing tables, and determine the optimal data forwarding path;

The management protocol module supports chip configuration and management protocols, is used to provide a command line interface or a web interface for administrator operation, and is also used to remotely configure chip parameters and monitor device status;

The security control module is used to access the control list, filter illegal traffic, and defend against network attacks to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of network data;

The QoS module is used to implement traffic shaping, rate limiting and congestion management according to the determined traffic priority;

The spanning tree protocol module is used to detect and eliminate network loops and automatically switch redundant links;

The protocol conversion unit management module is used to set the working state of the protocol conversion unit and manage the protocol conversion unit through the management function of the corresponding module of the logical plane control unit;

The power management module is used to manage the power supply of the logic plane control unit;

The VLAN management module is used to create and manage virtual local area networks and divide broadcast domains;

The multicast management module is used to manage multicast group members, support multicast routing protocols, support multicast stream protocol conversion without starting the IGMP protocol, and optimize multicast traffic distribution;

The DHCP module is used to allocate IP addresses to terminals and manage address pools, lease periods, and DNS configurations;

The time synchronization module is used to ensure the time consistency of logs and traffic statistics by synchronizing and forwarding clocks to meet the needs of time-sensitive applications;

The log and alarm module is used to assist in troubleshooting and network auditing by recording event logs and monitoring network anomalies in real time;

The configuration management interface module is used to provide detection, configuration, testing and management interface functions for the logic control plane main control module 1615 to achieve full life cycle management of integrated circuits;

The logical control plane master control module is used to implement management of the integrated circuit's data plane control unit, routing protocol management, management protocol generation, security control management, QoS management, spanning tree protocol management, protocol conversion unit management, power management, VLAN management, multicast protocol management, DHCP function management, clock synchronization management, and log and alarm management to ensure multicast service protocol conversion and multi-service multiplexing and forwarding of data services and unicast services.

5. The integrated circuit of a multi-service multiplexing access network central office device according to claim 1, wherein the integrated circuit operating modes provided by the logical plane control unit include: a multi-service mode of communication service, broadband service, and broadcast television program multicast service, and a single service mode of communication service, broadband service, or broadcast television program multicast service; wherein:

In the multi-service mode of communication services, broadband services, and radio and television program multicast services, there are two states: the state in which the multicast group protocol is enabled and the state in which the multicast group protocol is not enabled. In the state in which the multicast group protocol is enabled, the protocol conversion unit is disabled, and the core network and access terminals support the multicast group protocol. In the state in which the multicast group protocol is not enabled, the protocol conversion unit is enabled. After receiving and caching all multicast streams or broadcast streams on the service side, it performs protocol conversion on the destination multicast stream or broadcast stream according to the user's request and forwards it to the destination user.

In the single service mode of communication service, broadband service or radio and television program multicast service, the protocol conversion part in the chip is turned off, and the chip only performs signaling reception and service forwarding for communication service and broadband service. In the single radio and television program multicast service mode, the service side only has the radio and television program multicast service for which the multicast protocol is not started. The protocol conversion unit is started. After receiving and caching all multicast streams or broadcast streams on the service side, it performs protocol conversion on the destination multicast stream or broadcast stream according to the user's request and forwards it to the destination user.

6. The integrated circuit of the multi-service multiplexing access network central office device according to claim 1, wherein the protocol conversion unit comprises: a physical layer and a medium-independent layer; wherein:

The physical layer is used to convert the bit stream received from the transmission medium into an original data frame, and transmit the original data frame to the MAC control layer through the MII interface of the medium independent layer for data frame processing;

The medium-independent layer is an interface for transmitting original frames between the data link layer and the physical layer.

7. The integrated circuit of the multi-service multiplexing access network terminal device according to claim 6 is characterized in that the protocol conversion unit also includes: a multicast stream receiving network interface layer and a unicast stream forwarding network interface layer, wherein the multicast stream receiving network interface layer is used to monitor all multicast streams with preset multicast addresses and ports for which the IGMP protocol is not started, to realize multicast stream reception, CRC check, and VLAN stripping; the unicast stream forwarding network interface layer is used to receive user requests and forward them to the protocol conversion unit, and encapsulate the destination unicast stream into data frames according to the user request, and then forward it to the destination user through the physical layer.

8. The integrated circuit of the multi-service multiplexing access network terminal device according to claim 1 is characterized in that it also includes: a cache interface and a cache management module, which are used to allocate an independent ring buffer for the multicast stream of each real-time live program, and independently cache it by channel or program; and write data by time slice, cache the multicast data of the most recent preset duration, cope with the burstiness of user requests, and locate the data blocks in the cache area according to the timestamp of the user request, detect and repair packet loss or disorder in the TS stream through PCR clock synchronization, and support overwriting old data at a fixed time.

9. The integrated circuit of the multi-service multiplexing access network terminal device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the integrated circuit is used in the secondary multiplexing unit of the multi-service multiplexer, or, is used in the primary multiplexing unit of the multi-service multiplexer, or, is used in the primary multiplexing unit of the multi-service multiplexer and the secondary multiplexing unit of the multi-service multiplexer.

10. The integrated circuit of the multi-service multiplexing access network terminal device according to claim 9 is characterized in that the multi-service multiplexer is one of the following models: an integrated model, a plug-in type model and a split type model, and the multi-service multiplexer is a two-level architecture of a secondary multiplexing unit and a primary multiplexing unit, wherein the secondary multiplexing unit faces the service side and the primary multiplexing unit faces the user side, and between the secondary multiplexing unit and the primary multiplexing unit, the integrated model uses a backplane bus, the plug-in type is provided with a motherboard slot, and the split type is provided with an optical fiber interface; when the secondary multiplexing unit is used as a convergence layer, one secondary multiplexing unit is equipped with multiple primary multiplexing units.