CN120456794A - A patterned solar cell module and its preparation method and device - Google Patents
A patterned solar cell module and its preparation method and deviceInfo
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- CN120456794A CN120456794A CN202510954343.XA CN202510954343A CN120456794A CN 120456794 A CN120456794 A CN 120456794A CN 202510954343 A CN202510954343 A CN 202510954343A CN 120456794 A CN120456794 A CN 120456794A
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Abstract
本发明提供一种图案化太阳能电池组件及其制备方法与装置，所述制备方法至少包括：S1、在贯穿设置有P1线槽的底电极表面划分出图案区和半导体涂布区；S2、在图案区涂布纳米颗粒悬浊液，干燥后形成离岛状纳米点阵结构的非连续疏液部；S3、在半导体涂布区涂布半导体溶液，干燥后形成半导体膜层，且半导体膜层在图案区形成P2线槽，即得到图案化半导体层；S4、在图案化半导体层的表面设置顶电极，且顶电极和底电极通过P2线槽相互导通；S5、至少对顶电极贯穿设置P3线槽，形成间隔串联的电池组；其中，非连续疏液部和半导体膜层的表面能存在适配性差异。本发明提供的制备方法无需P2线槽设置工序，降低了设备成本，提高了生产效率。
The present invention provides a patterned solar cell assembly and a preparation method and device thereof. The preparation method at least comprises: S1, dividing a pattern area and a semiconductor coating area on the surface of a bottom electrode having P1 grooves therethrough; S2, coating the pattern area with a nanoparticle suspension, which forms a discontinuous lyophobic portion with an island-like nano-lattice structure after drying; S3, coating the semiconductor coating area with a semiconductor solution, which forms a semiconductor film layer after drying, and the semiconductor film layer forms P2 grooves in the pattern area, thereby obtaining a patterned semiconductor layer; S4, providing a top electrode on the surface of the patterned semiconductor layer, wherein the top electrode and the bottom electrode are electrically connected to each other through the P2 grooves; S5, providing P3 grooves through at least the top electrode to form a battery pack connected in series at intervals; wherein the surface energies of the discontinuous lyophobic portion and the semiconductor film layer differ in adaptability. The preparation method provided by the present invention does not require the P2 groove setting process, thereby reducing equipment costs and improving production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, relates to a solar cell module, and in particular relates to a patterned solar cell module and a preparation method and a device thereof.
Background
Currently, for large-sized solar cell modules, the skilled person generally applies a semiconductor liquid film by means of slot coating. Although this method can ensure full-size uniformity of an ultrathin liquid film, patterning of a semiconductor liquid film coverage is temporarily impossible in view of limitations of self-leveling characteristics of the liquid film and a coating blade liquid-out control capability.
In the current stage, three laser lines P1, P2 and P3 are used to form a series cell structure for solar cell modules with a size of 1cm×1cm or more. The laser P1 cuts off the bottom electrode, the laser P2 cuts off the semiconductor layer, and a space is reserved to enable the top electrode and the bottom electrode to be in contact with each other, and the laser P3 cuts off the top electrode, so that the arc-shaped series battery structure is achieved. The structure has the advantages that a serial structure is formed, the transverse transmission distance of a single battery is reduced, and the efficiency reduction caused by the increase of internal resistance is relieved. However, the disadvantage of this structure is that the area covered by the laser lines P1, P2, P3 is an ineffective power generation area, which adversely affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the unit area module.
In order to solve the above problems, the conventional improvement technique is to bend and etch the laser beam P1 or the laser beam P3, and to etch the laser beam P2 intermittently in the curved recess of the laser beam P1 or the laser beam P3. This approach can reduce a portion of the dead power generation area, thereby increasing the power generated per unit area of the overall assembly. However, in the preparation process, it is still necessary to fully coat the semiconductor solution and etch the pattern with the laser P2, so that the equipment cost is high, and the production efficiency needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a patterned solar cell module, a preparation method and a device thereof, which do not need to fully coat semiconductor solution, and omit a P2 wire slot setting procedure when realizing the patterning of a semiconductor film layer, thereby reducing equipment cost and improving production efficiency.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a patterned solar cell module, at least comprising the steps of:
s1, dividing a pattern area and a semiconductor coating area on the surface of a bottom electrode penetrating through a P1 wire slot, wherein the P1 wire slot is positioned in the semiconductor coating area;
S2, coating nanoparticle suspension on the pattern area, and drying to form a discontinuous lyophobic part of the island-shaped nano lattice structure;
s3, coating a semiconductor solution on the semiconductor coating area, drying to form a semiconductor film layer, and forming a P2 wire slot on the semiconductor film layer in the pattern area to obtain a patterned semiconductor layer;
S4, arranging a top electrode on the surface of the patterned semiconductor layer, wherein the top electrode and the bottom electrode are mutually communicated through the P2 wire slot;
And S5, at least penetrating the top electrode with a P3 wire slot to form a battery pack which is connected in series at intervals.
The pattern area is divided into a plurality of interval sections, the P2 wire grooves comprise a plurality of P2 sub grooves which are distributed at intervals, the P2 sub grooves are formed by the aid of the discontinuous lyophobic parts, and the suitability difference exists between the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic parts and the surface energy of the semiconductor film layer.
The preparation method provided by the invention utilizes the surface energy adaptability difference of the discontinuous lyophobic part and the semiconductor film layer to inhibit the extension of the semiconductor solution to the pattern area, thereby realizing the patterning of the semiconductor film layer, increasing the effective area of unit power generation, omitting the P2 wire slot setting procedure by means of the patterning of the semiconductor film layer, reducing the equipment cost, reducing the production beat and improving the production efficiency.
In addition, the invention adopts the thought of surface energy regulation to prepare the P2 wire slot, effectively replaces the traditional laser etching, and has obvious advantages in the aspects of process simplification, cost control and performance improvement. The method has the innovation that the traditional path dependence of laser etching is broken through, and the discontinuous lyophobic part of the island-shaped nano lattice structure is introduced into the semiconductor film layer to realize the patterning of the film layer. After all, in the preparation process of the solar cell module, laser etching (such as P1, P2 and P3 wire groove etching) is a mature technical means, and the problem of wire groove preparation is usually solved from the angle of 'physical etching', but thinking inertia is difficult to break through, and the chemical/physical combination path of 'surface energy regulation' is turned to, so that the invention provides a new technical thought for the preparation of the P2 wire groove.
As a preferred technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention, the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic portion and the semiconductor film layer satisfies the following conditions:
the discontinuous lyophobic part and the adjacent area of the semiconductor film layer can repel each other to form the pattern area and the semiconductor coating area which are distinguished.
And/or setting the contact angle of the semiconductor solution at the discontinuous lyophobic part to be theta 1 and setting the contact angle of the semiconductor solution at the semiconductor coating area to be theta 2, wherein the requirement of theta 1＞θ2 is satisfied, namely the invention can effectively inhibit the semiconductor solution from spreading to the pattern area by increasing the contact angle between the semiconductor solution and the discontinuous lyophobic part to ensure that the wettability of the semiconductor solution at the pattern area is poor, and the P2 wire slot setting procedure is omitted by virtue of the patterning of the semiconductor film layer.
The contact angle θ 1 satisfies that θ 1 is not less than 70 ° and not more than 90 °, and may be, for example, θ 1 =70 °, 71 °, 72 °, 73 °, 74 °, 75 °, 76 °, 77 °, 78 °, 79 °, 80 °, 81 °, 82 °, 83 °, 84 °, 85 °, 86 °, 87 °, 88 °, 89 °, or 90 °, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
And/or the contact angle θ 2 satisfies that θ 2 is equal to or less than 20 °, for example, θ 2 =1 °,2 °,3 °,4 °,5 °,6 °,7 °,8 °,9 °,10 °,11 °,12 °,13 °,14 °,15 °,16 °,17 °,18 °,19 °, or 20 °, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the larger the contact angle, the worse wettability of the semiconductor solution at the corresponding interface. According to the invention, the contact angle ranges of the semiconductor solution in the pattern area and the semiconductor coating area are reasonably limited, so that the extension area of the semiconductor solution is effectively defined, and a reserved space is formed for the P2 wire slot.
According to the preferred technical scheme of the first aspect of the invention, the P1 wire groove is linear, the P3 wire groove is bent, and the bent part of the P3 wire groove is filled in the interval part of the adjacent P2 subslot.
Or the P1 wire groove is bent, the P3 wire groove is linear, and the bent part of the P1 wire groove is filled in the interval part of the adjacent P2 sub-groove.
The invention adopts the P2 subslots distributed at intervals to form the P2 trunking, and adopts the bent parts of the bent P1 trunking or the bent P3 trunking to be filled in the interval parts of the adjacent P2 subslots, so as to reduce a part of ineffective power generation areas, thereby saving the effective power generation areas and increasing the power generation power of the unit area of the battery assembly.
In addition, the top electrode is mutually communicated with the bottom electrode through the P2 sub-grooves which are distributed at intervals, the limited space of the P2 sub-grooves can meet the requirements of the battery assembly, adverse effects on current transmission among batteries connected in series are avoided, and the internal resistance of the battery assembly is not increased.
As a preferred technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention, the nanoparticle material in the nanoparticle suspension in step S2 includes any one or a combination of at least two of a metal oxide, a small molecular organic matter, and a high molecular polymer, and typical but non-limiting combinations include a combination of a metal oxide and a small molecular organic matter, a combination of a small molecular organic matter and a high molecular polymer, a combination of a metal oxide and a high molecular polymer, or a combination of a metal oxide, a small molecular organic matter, and a high molecular polymer.
The metal oxide comprises SnO 2 and/or TiO 2, the small molecular organic matter comprises stearic acid and/or oleic acid, and the high molecular polymer comprises polyethyleneimine and/or polyimide.
And/or the nanoparticle size in the nanoparticle suspension in step S2 is not more than 200nm, and may be, for example, 20nm, 40nm, 60nm, 80nm, 100nm, 120nm, 140nm, 160nm, 180nm or 200nm, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
And/or, the solvent in the nanoparticle suspension in the step S2 is a volatile solvent.
And/or, the solvent in the nanoparticle suspension in step S2 comprises ethanol and/or isopropanol.
In the present invention, the solvent used for the nanoparticle suspension may be a single solvent or a multi-solvent, and the solvent composition is not particularly limited as long as the volatile function is ensured, that is, the rapid formation of the discontinuous lyophobic portion is realized.
And/or the concentration of the nanoparticle suspension in step S2 is not more than 5mg/mL, for example, 0.5mg/mL, 1mg/mL, 1.5mg/mL, 2mg/mL, 2.5mg/mL, 3mg/mL, 3.5mg/mL, 4mg/mL, 4.5mg/mL or 5mg/mL, but not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range of values are equally applicable.
And/or, the semiconductor solution in step S3 comprises a perovskite solution.
As a preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the coating manner in step S2 includes any one of piezoelectric inkjet coating, slot coating, electrostatic spraying, ultrasonic spraying, electrofluidic spraying, screen printing, or vapor deposition.
And/or the drying mode in the step S2 comprises air knife drying.
And/or the arrangement mode of the P1 wire groove in the step S1 and the arrangement mode of the P3 wire groove in the step S5 respectively and independently comprise laser etching.
The invention provides a patterned solar cell module, which at least comprises a bottom electrode, a patterned semiconductor layer and a top electrode which are stacked, wherein the bottom electrode is provided with a P1 wire groove in a penetrating mode, the patterned semiconductor layer is filled in the P1 wire groove, a pattern area of the patterned semiconductor layer forms a P2 wire groove, the bottom electrode and the top electrode are mutually conducted through the P2 wire groove, and at least the top electrode is provided with a P3 wire groove in a penetrating mode.
The pattern area of the patterned semiconductor layer is provided with discontinuous lyophobic parts separated from the island-shaped nano lattice structure, the P2 wire grooves comprise a plurality of P2 sub grooves which are distributed at intervals, and the P2 sub grooves are formed by the discontinuous lyophobic parts; the non-pattern region of the patterned semiconductor layer is provided with a semiconductor film layer, and the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic part and the surface energy of the semiconductor film layer have adaptability difference.
As a preferred technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention, the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic portion and the semiconductor film layer satisfies the following conditions:
the discontinuous lyophobic part and the adjacent area of the semiconductor film layer can repel each other to form the distinguished pattern area and the non-pattern area.
Specifically, the semiconductor solution required for forming the semiconductor film layer satisfies the following conditions:
And setting the contact angle of the semiconductor solution at the discontinuous lyophobic part as theta 1 and setting the contact angle of the semiconductor solution at the non-pattern area as theta 2, wherein the contact angle of the semiconductor solution at the non-pattern area is theta 1＞θ2, namely the wettability of the semiconductor solution at the pattern area is poor by increasing the contact angle of the semiconductor solution and the discontinuous lyophobic part, so that the extension of the semiconductor solution to the pattern area is effectively inhibited, and a P2 wire groove setting procedure is omitted by patterning of the semiconductor film layer.
As a preferred technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention, the P1 wire groove is in a straight line shape, the P3 wire groove is in a bent shape, and the bent portion of the P3 wire groove is filled in the spacing portion of the adjacent P2 subslot.
Or the P1 wire groove is bent, the P3 wire groove is linear, and the bent part of the P1 wire groove is filled in the interval part of the adjacent P2 sub-groove.
As a preferred technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention, the nanoparticle material in the discontinuous lyophobic portion includes any one or a combination of at least two of metal oxide, small molecular organic matter, and high molecular polymer, and typical but non-limiting combinations include a combination of metal oxide and small molecular organic matter, a combination of small molecular organic matter and high molecular polymer, a combination of metal oxide and high molecular polymer, or a combination of metal oxide, small molecular organic matter, and high molecular polymer.
The metal oxide comprises SnO 2 and/or TiO 2, the small molecular organic matter comprises stearic acid and/or oleic acid, and the high molecular polymer comprises chitosan and/or polystyrene.
And/or the nanoparticle size in the discontinuous lyophobic portion is not more than 200nm, for example, 20nm, 40nm, 60nm, 80nm, 100nm, 120nm, 140nm, 160nm, 180nm or 200nm, but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of the values are equally applicable.
And/or the semiconductor film layer comprises a perovskite film layer.
The invention provides a device for preparing a patterned solar cell module, which at least comprises a carrier, a first coating module and a second coating module, wherein the carrier is used for fixing a bottom electrode, the surface of the bottom electrode is divided into a pattern area and a semiconductor coating area, the first coating module is used for coating nanoparticle suspension in the pattern area to form discontinuous lyophobic parts of an island-shaped nanometer lattice structure, and the second coating module is used for coating semiconductor solution in the semiconductor coating area to form a semiconductor film layer.
As a preferred technical solution of the third aspect of the present invention, a substrate is laminated on a surface of the bottom electrode, which is close to the carrier, and the substrate is directly fixed on the surface of the carrier.
And/or the first coating component comprises a first liquid storage box and a first nozzle which are communicated with each other, wherein the first liquid storage box is used for storing the nanoparticle suspension, and the first nozzle is used for coating the nanoparticle suspension along a preset track.
And/or the second coating assembly comprises a second liquid storage box and a second nozzle which are communicated with each other, wherein the second liquid storage box is used for storing the semiconductor solution, and the second nozzle is used for coating the semiconductor solution along a preset track.
And/or an air knife is arranged between the first coating component and the second coating component and is used for drying the nanoparticle suspension.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The preparation method provided by the invention utilizes the surface energy adaptability difference of the discontinuous lyophobic part and the semiconductor film layer to inhibit the extension of the semiconductor solution to the pattern area, thereby realizing the patterning of the semiconductor film layer, increasing the effective area of unit power generation, omitting the P2 wire slot setting procedure by means of the patterning of the semiconductor film layer, reducing the equipment cost, reducing the production beat and improving the production efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a patterned solar cell module according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a patterned solar cell assembly provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of the patterned solar cell assembly provided in example 1;
fig. 4 is a top view of the patterned solar cell assembly provided in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process for fabricating a patterned solar cell module according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a contact angle θ 1 of a perovskite solution in a discontinuous lyophobic portion according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the contact angle θ 2 of a perovskite solution in a semiconductor coating area according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a portion of an apparatus for preparing a patterned solar cell module according to the present invention.
Wherein 10-bottom electrode, 11-P1 wire chase, 20-patterned perovskite layer, 21-P2 wire chase, 21a-P2 subslot, 21 b-spacer, 22-discontinuous lyophobic portion, 23-perovskite solution, 30-top electrode, 31-P3 wire chase, 32-additional effective power generation area, 40-substrate, 51-first nozzle, 52-second nozzle, 53-air knife.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the examples are merely to aid in understanding the invention and are not to be construed as a specific limitation thereof.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a patterned solar cell module including a substrate 40, a bottom electrode 10, a patterned perovskite layer 20, and a top electrode 30, which are stacked, as shown in fig. 2, and a method of manufacturing the same. The bottom electrode 10 is provided with a P1 wire groove 11 in a penetrating mode, the patterned perovskite layer 20 is filled in the P1 wire groove 11, a P2 wire groove 21 is formed in a pattern area of the patterned perovskite layer 20, the bottom electrode 10 and the top electrode 30 are communicated with each other through the P2 wire groove 21, and a P3 wire groove 31 is provided in the patterned perovskite layer 20 and the top electrode 30 in a penetrating mode.
As shown in fig. 5, the patterned area of the patterned perovskite layer 20 is provided with discontinuous lyophobic portions 22 separated from the island-shaped nano lattice structure, as shown in fig. 3, the P2 wire grooves 21 comprise a plurality of P2 sub-grooves 21a distributed at intervals, the P2 sub-grooves 21a are formed by means of the discontinuous lyophobic portions 22, the P1 wire grooves 11 are linear, the P3 wire grooves 31 are bent, the bent portions of the P3 wire grooves 31 are filled in the interval portions 21b adjacent to the P2 sub-grooves 21a, so that a plurality of additional effective power generation areas 32 are formed, the non-patterned area of the patterned perovskite layer 20 is provided with perovskite film layers, and the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic portions 22 and the surface energy of the perovskite film layers have adaptability difference.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the method for manufacturing the patterned solar cell module includes the steps of:
S1, dividing a pattern area and a semiconductor coating area (not shown in FIG. 5) on the surface of a bottom electrode 10 penetrating through which a P1 wire groove 11 is arranged, wherein the P1 wire groove 11 is positioned in the semiconductor coating area;
s2, coating nanoparticle suspension on the pattern area, and drying to form a discontinuous lyophobic part 22 of an island-shaped nano lattice structure;
S3, coating perovskite solution 23 on the semiconductor coating area, drying to form a perovskite film layer, and forming a P2 wire groove 21 on the perovskite film layer in the pattern area to obtain a patterned perovskite layer 20;
s4, arranging a top electrode 30 on the surface of the patterned perovskite layer 20, wherein the top electrode 30 and the bottom electrode 10 are mutually communicated through the P2 wire slot 21;
And S5, penetrating the patterned perovskite layer 20 and the top electrode 30 to form a P3 wire groove 31, so as to form a battery pack which is connected in series at intervals.
The arrangement modes of the P1 wire grooves 11 and the P3 wire grooves 31 in the step S1 and the step S5 are laser etching, the nano particles in the nano particle suspension in the step S2 are SnO 2, the average size is 180nm, the solvent is ethanol, the concentration is 0.95mg/mL, the coating modes in the step S2 and the step S3 are piezoelectric ink-jet coating, the drying in the step S2 is air knife drying, and the drying in the step S3 is natural air drying.
The pattern area is divided into a plurality of intervals, the P2 slot 21 comprises a plurality of P2 sub-slots 21a distributed at intervals, the P2 sub-slots 21a are formed by the discontinuous lyophobic portions 22, and the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic portions 22 and the surface energy of the perovskite film layer have adaptability difference. The contact angle of the perovskite solution 23 at the discontinuous lyophobic portion 22 was θ 1 =83° (see fig. 6), and the contact angle of the perovskite solution 23 at the semiconductor coating area was θ 2 =6° (see fig. 7) as measured by a contact angle detector.
In this embodiment, the materials and thicknesses of the substrate 40, the bottom electrode 10 and the top electrode 30 do not have a significant effect on the formation of the P2 wire trenches 21, and the wettability of the perovskite solution 23 and the relevant interface only needs to satisfy the above conditions, so the above condition parameters are not specifically described herein.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a patterned solar cell module including a substrate 40, a bottom electrode 10, a patterned perovskite layer 20, and a top electrode 30, which are stacked, as shown in fig. 2, and a method of manufacturing the same. The bottom electrode 10 is provided with a P1 wire groove 11 in a penetrating mode, the patterned perovskite layer 20 is filled in the P1 wire groove 11, a P2 wire groove 21 is formed in a pattern area of the patterned perovskite layer 20, the bottom electrode 10 and the top electrode 30 are communicated with each other through the P2 wire groove 21, and a P3 wire groove 31 is provided in the patterned perovskite layer 20 and the top electrode 30 in a penetrating mode.
As shown in fig. 5, the patterned area of the patterned perovskite layer 20 is provided with discontinuous lyophobic portions 22 separated from the island-shaped nano lattice structure, as shown in fig. 4, the P2 wire grooves 21 comprise a plurality of P2 sub-grooves 21a distributed at intervals, the P2 sub-grooves 21a are formed by means of the discontinuous lyophobic portions 22, the P1 wire grooves 11 are bent, the P3 wire grooves 31 are linear, the bent portions of the P1 wire grooves 11 are filled in the interval portions 21b adjacent to the P2 sub-grooves 21a, so that a plurality of additional effective power generation areas 32 are formed, the non-patterned area of the patterned perovskite layer 20 is provided with perovskite film layers, and the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic portions 22 and the surface energy of the perovskite film layers have adaptability difference.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the method for manufacturing the patterned solar cell module includes the steps of:
S1, dividing a pattern area and a semiconductor coating area (not shown in FIG. 5) on the surface of a bottom electrode 10 penetrating through which a P1 wire groove 11 is arranged, wherein the P1 wire groove 11 is positioned in the semiconductor coating area;
s2, coating nanoparticle suspension on the pattern area, and drying to form a discontinuous lyophobic part 22 of an island-shaped nano lattice structure;
S3, coating perovskite solution 23 on the semiconductor coating area, drying to form a perovskite film layer, and forming a P2 wire groove 21 on the perovskite film layer in the pattern area to obtain a patterned perovskite layer 20;
s4, arranging a top electrode 30 on the surface of the patterned perovskite layer 20, wherein the top electrode 30 and the bottom electrode 10 are mutually communicated through the P2 wire slot 21;
And S5, penetrating the patterned perovskite layer 20 and the top electrode 30 to form a P3 wire groove 31, so as to form a battery pack which is connected in series at intervals.
The arrangement modes of the P1 wire grooves 11 and the P3 wire grooves 31 in the step S1 and the step S5 are laser etching, the nano particles in the nano particle suspension in the step S2 are made of TiO 2, the average size is 160nm, the solvent is isopropanol, the concentration is 0.82mg/mL, the coating modes in the step S2 and the step S3 are piezoelectric ink-jet coating, the drying in the step S2 is air knife drying, and the drying in the step S3 is natural air drying.
The pattern area is divided into a plurality of intervals, the P2 slot 21 comprises a plurality of P2 sub-slots 21a distributed at intervals, the P2 sub-slots 21a are formed by the discontinuous lyophobic portions 22, and the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic portions 22 and the surface energy of the perovskite film layer have adaptability difference. The contact angle of the perovskite solution 23 at the discontinuous lyophobic portion 22 was θ 1 =76° (see fig. 6), and the contact angle of the perovskite solution 23 at the semiconductor coating area was θ 2 =8° (see fig. 7) as measured by a contact angle detector.
In this embodiment, the materials and thicknesses of the substrate 40, the bottom electrode 10 and the top electrode 30 do not have a significant effect on the formation of the P2 wire trenches 21, and the wettability of the perovskite solution 23 and the relevant interface only needs to satisfy the above conditions, so the above condition parameters are not specifically described herein.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a device for preparing a patterned solar cell module, which comprises a carrier, a first coating module and a second coating module. The carrier is used for fixing a substrate 40, the surface of the substrate 40 is provided with a bottom electrode 10, the surface of the bottom electrode 10 is divided into a pattern area and a semiconductor coating area, the first coating component is used for coating nanoparticle suspension in the pattern area to form a discontinuous lyophobic part 22 with an island-shaped nano lattice structure, and the second coating component is used for coating perovskite solution 23 in the semiconductor coating area to form a perovskite film layer.
As shown in fig. 8, the first coating assembly includes a first liquid storage box (not shown in the drawing) and a first nozzle 51 which are mutually communicated, the first liquid storage box is used for storing the nanoparticle suspension, the first nozzle 51 is used for coating the nanoparticle suspension along a preset track, the second coating assembly includes a second liquid storage box (not shown in the drawing) and a second nozzle 52 which are mutually communicated, the second liquid storage box is used for storing the perovskite solution 23, the second nozzle 52 is used for coating the perovskite solution 23 along the preset track, and an air knife 53 is arranged between the first coating assembly and the second coating assembly and is used for drying the nanoparticle suspension.
Therefore, the preparation method provided by the invention utilizes the surface energy adaptability difference of the discontinuous lyophobic part and the semiconductor film layer to inhibit the semiconductor solution from extending to the pattern area, thereby realizing the patterning of the semiconductor film layer, increasing the unit power generation effective area, omitting the P2 wire slot setting procedure by means of the patterning of the semiconductor film layer, reducing the equipment cost, reducing the production takt and improving the production efficiency.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that fall within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A method of fabricating a patterned solar cell module, the method comprising at least the steps of:
s1, dividing a pattern area and a semiconductor coating area on the surface of a bottom electrode penetrating through a P1 wire slot, wherein the P1 wire slot is positioned in the semiconductor coating area;
S2, coating nanoparticle suspension on the pattern area, and drying to form a discontinuous lyophobic part of the island-shaped nano lattice structure;
s3, coating a semiconductor solution on the semiconductor coating area, drying to form a semiconductor film layer, and forming a P2 wire slot on the semiconductor film layer in the pattern area to obtain a patterned semiconductor layer;
S4, arranging a top electrode on the surface of the patterned semiconductor layer, wherein the top electrode and the bottom electrode are mutually communicated through the P2 wire slot;
S5, at least penetrating the top electrode with a P3 wire slot to form a battery pack which is connected in series at intervals;
The pattern area is divided into a plurality of interval sections, the P2 wire grooves comprise a plurality of P2 sub grooves which are distributed at intervals, the P2 sub grooves are formed by the aid of the discontinuous lyophobic parts, and the suitability difference exists between the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic parts and the surface energy of the semiconductor film layer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic portion and the semiconductor film layer satisfies the following condition:
the discontinuous lyophobic part and the adjacent area of the semiconductor film layer can repel each other to form the pattern area and the semiconductor coating area which are distinguished;
And/or setting the contact angle of the semiconductor solution at the discontinuous lyophobic part as theta 1 and setting the contact angle of the semiconductor solution at the semiconductor coating area as theta 2, thereby satisfying the conditions of theta 1＞θ2;
Wherein the contact angle theta 1 is more than or equal to 70 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees and is more than or equal to theta 1;
And/or, the contact angle theta 2 is smaller than or equal to 20 degrees and is equal to theta 2.
3. The method for manufacturing a patterned solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the P1 wire groove is linear, the P3 wire groove is bent, and the bent portion of the P3 wire groove is filled in the spacer portion of the adjacent P2 subslot;
Or the P1 wire groove is bent, the P3 wire groove is linear, and the bent part of the P1 wire groove is filled in the interval part of the adjacent P2 sub-groove.
4. The method for preparing a patterned solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nanoparticle material in the nanoparticle suspension in step S2 comprises any one or a combination of at least two of metal oxide, small-molecule organic matter, or high-molecular polymer;
Wherein the metal oxide comprises SnO 2 and/or TiO 2;
And/or, the size of the nano particles in the nano particle suspension in the step S2 is less than or equal to 200nm;
And/or, the solvent in the nanoparticle suspension in the step S2 is a volatile solvent;
And/or, the solvent in the nanoparticle suspension in the step S2 comprises ethanol and/or isopropanol;
and/or the concentration of the nanoparticle suspension in the step S2 is less than or equal to 5mg/mL;
And/or, the semiconductor solution in step S3 comprises a perovskite solution.
5. The method of manufacturing a patterned solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coating in step S2 comprises any one of piezoelectric inkjet coating, slot coating, electrostatic spraying, ultrasonic spraying, electrofluidic spraying, screen printing or vapor deposition;
and/or, the drying mode in the step S2 comprises air knife drying;
And/or the arrangement mode of the P1 wire groove in the step S1 and the arrangement mode of the P3 wire groove in the step S5 respectively and independently comprise laser etching.
6. A patterned solar cell assembly, wherein the patterned solar cell assembly comprises at least a bottom electrode, a patterned semiconductor layer and a top electrode which are stacked;
The bottom electrode is provided with a P1 wire groove in a penetrating mode, and the patterned semiconductor layer is filled in the P1 wire groove;
The pattern area of the patterned semiconductor layer forms a P2 wire slot, and the bottom electrode and the top electrode are mutually communicated through the P2 wire slot;
At least the top electrode is provided with a P3 wire slot in a penetrating way;
The pattern area of the patterned semiconductor layer is provided with discontinuous lyophobic parts separated from the island-shaped nano lattice structure, the P2 wire grooves comprise a plurality of P2 sub grooves which are distributed at intervals, and the P2 sub grooves are formed by the discontinuous lyophobic parts; the non-pattern region of the patterned semiconductor layer is provided with a semiconductor film layer, and the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic part and the surface energy of the semiconductor film layer have adaptability difference.
7. The patterned solar cell assembly of claim 6, wherein the surface energy of the discontinuous lyophobic portion and the semiconductor film layer satisfies the following condition:
the discontinuous lyophobic part and the adjacent area of the semiconductor film layer can repel each other to form the distinguished pattern area and the non-pattern area.
8. The patterned solar cell assembly of claim 6 or 7, wherein the P1 wire chase is linear, the P3 wire chase is bent, and the bent portion of the P3 wire chase is filled in a spacer portion adjacent to the P2 subslot;
Or the P1 wire groove is bent, the P3 wire groove is linear, and the bent part of the P1 wire groove is filled in the interval part of the adjacent P2 sub-groove.
9. The patterned solar cell module of claim 6 or 7, wherein the nanoparticle material in the discontinuous lyophobic portion comprises any one or a combination of at least two of metal oxide, small molecular organic matter, or high molecular polymer;
Wherein the metal oxide comprises SnO 2 and/or TiO 2;
and/or, the size of the nano particles in the discontinuous lyophobic part is less than or equal to 200nm;
And/or the semiconductor film layer comprises a perovskite film layer.
10. An apparatus for preparing a patterned solar cell module, the apparatus comprising at least a carrier, a first coating assembly and a second coating assembly;
the carrier is used for fixing the bottom electrode, and the surface of the bottom electrode is divided into a pattern area and a semiconductor coating area;
the first coating component is used for coating nanoparticle suspension in the pattern area to form a discontinuous lyophobic part of an island-shaped nano lattice structure;
the second coating component is used for coating the semiconductor solution on the semiconductor coating area to form a semiconductor film layer.
11. The apparatus for preparing a patterned solar cell module according to claim 10, wherein a substrate is laminated on a surface of the bottom electrode adjacent to the carrier, and the substrate is directly fixed to the surface of the carrier;
And/or the first coating component comprises a first liquid storage box and a first nozzle which are communicated with each other, wherein the first liquid storage box is used for storing the nanoparticle suspension, and the first nozzle is used for coating the nanoparticle suspension along a preset track;
And/or the second coating assembly comprises a second liquid storage box and a second nozzle which are communicated with each other, wherein the second liquid storage box is used for storing the semiconductor solution, and the second nozzle is used for coating the semiconductor solution along a preset track;
And/or an air knife is arranged between the first coating component and the second coating component and is used for drying the nanoparticle suspension.
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| CN118591242A (en) * | 2024-07-01 | 2024-09-03 | 郑州大学 | A method for preparing a patterned perovskite film |
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| CN104253177A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | 台积太阳能股份有限公司 | Nozzle assembly and method for fabricating solar cell |
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