CN120332004A - A high temperature span Carnot battery system based on multi-cycle cascade and its operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and discloses a large temperature span Carnot battery system based on multi-cycle cascade, including: an absorption subsystem, which realizes waste heat absorption and release through solution circulation, and is coupled with a medium-temperature heat storage/cold unit to regulate medium-temperature energy storage; a vapor compression cycle subsystem, which realizes a low-temperature refrigeration cycle through a multi-stage compression-expansion process of an organic working fluid to form a low-temperature cold energy storage; the Brayton reverse cycle subsystem, which breaks through the temperature limit of the heat storage medium through the reverse cycle compression and expansion of the gas working fluid, and converts energy into high-temperature thermal energy storage; the Stirling cycle subsystem, which directly converts the stored high-temperature thermal energy and low-temperature cold energy into electrical energy output through a temperature difference driving mechanism. The new large temperature span Carnot battery system proposed in the present invention meets the needs of source (i.e., source)-load (i.e., load) cross-temporal and spatial regulation, and smoothes the peak-to-valley difference caused by the power load.

Description

Multi-cycle overlapping-based large-temperature transcarbamylar battery system and operation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a large-temperature transcranol battery system based on multi-cycle overlapping and an operation method thereof.

Background

The carnot battery, also called heat pump energy storage, is used for driving a charging process by using residual electric power, storing electric power in the form of heat energy, and when electric power is needed, the power generation process drives a thermodynamic cycle to generate power through the stored heat energy so as to realize power conversion. Conventional carnot battery systems are more concerned with storing heat temperatures than cold temperatures. Further reducing the cold storage temperature, i.e. the heat sink temperature of the power cycle, can improve the electric energy output characteristics of the power cycle.

In the high-temperature heat storage stage, taking vapor compression cycle based on organic working medium as an example, the heating capacity is limited by the thermal stability of the working medium, and if the Brayton reverse cycle is adopted, the larger heating capacity means larger pressure rise, so that the system performance is poor. In the low-temperature cold storage stage, the problems existing in the single use absorption refrigeration cycle, vapor compression refrigeration cycle or brayton reverse cycle are the same as those in the high-temperature heat storage stage.

The power cycle of a carnot cell typically employs an organic rankine cycle, a brayton cycle, and the like, the narrow point of heat transfer between which and the heat source/sink limits the power output performance of the carnot cell. The ideal stirling cycle has an isothermal process, which may approach carnot efficiency in some cases. However, the application of the Stirling cycle in a Carnot cell has yet been studied.

The temperature zone matching of each subcycle is improved through multi-cycle overlapping, the power output characteristic of the Kano battery is enhanced by utilizing Stirling cycle, the heat storage temperature is further improved, the cold storage temperature is reduced, and the round trip efficiency of the Kano battery is a key problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of low reciprocating efficiency and low energy storage grade of a conventional Carnot battery system in the prior art, and provides a large-temperature cross-Carnot battery system based on multi-cycle overlapping.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a multi-cycle cascade based large temperature transconnel battery system comprising:

The absorption subsystem realizes waste heat absorption and release through solution circulation and is coupled with the medium-temperature heat storage/cooling unit to adjust medium-temperature energy storage;

the vapor compression circulation subsystem realizes low-temperature refrigeration circulation through a multistage compression-expansion process of an organic working medium to form low-temperature cold energy storage;

the brayton reverse circulation subsystem breaks through the temperature limitation of a heat storage medium through reverse circulation compression and expansion of a gas working medium, and converts energy into high-temperature heat energy for storage;

the Stirling cycle subsystem directly converts stored high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy into electric energy for output through a temperature difference driving mechanism.

Preferably, the absorption subsystem comprises a generator, a condenser, a first throttle valve, an evaporator, an absorber, a solution pump, a regenerator, a first circulating pump, a high Wen Huancun tank, a second circulating pump, a low-temperature buffer tank, a first control valve, a second control valve, a third control valve, a fourth control valve and a third circulating pump;

the refrigerant side outlet of the generator is connected with the refrigerant side inlet of the condenser, and the concentrated absorbent side outlet is connected with the concentrated absorbent side inlet of the regenerator;

The outlet of the first throttle valve is connected with the inlet of the refrigerant side of the evaporator;

The refrigerant side outlet of the evaporator is connected with the refrigerant side inlet of the absorber, the concentrated absorbent side inlet of the absorber is connected with the concentrated absorbent side outlet of the regenerator, the dilute solution side outlet is connected with the dilute absorbent side inlet of the regenerator through a solution pump, and the dilute absorbent side outlet of the regenerator is connected with the dilute absorbent side inlet of the generator;

The outlet of the high Wen Huancun tank and the inlet of the heat conduction oil side of the condenser form a closed loop;

The heat conduction oil side outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature buffer tank, and the outlet of the low-temperature buffer tank forms a closed loop with the heat conduction oil side inlet of the evaporator through the second circulating pump.

Preferably, an energy storage medium outlet of the high-temperature buffer tank is connected with an inlet of a third circulating pump through a first control valve, and an outlet of the third circulating pump is connected with an energy storage medium side inlet of the first heat exchanger;

the energy storage medium side outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the energy storage medium inlet of the high-temperature cache tank and the energy storage medium inlet of the low-temperature cache tank through a second control valve and a fourth control valve respectively;

the outlet of the third control valve is connected in parallel with the inlet of the third circulating pump and is used for adjusting the distribution path of the energy storage medium between the high Wen Huancun tank and the low-temperature cache tank;

The energy storage medium of the absorption subsystem exchanges heat with the vapor compression circulation subsystem or the brayton reverse circulation subsystem through the first heat exchanger, so that the medium temperature Duan Reneng is stored and released. .

Preferably, the vapor compression cycle subsystem comprises a first heat exchanger, a fifth control valve, a second throttle valve, a sixth control valve, a seventh control valve, a first compressor, an eighth control valve, a ninth control valve, a third throttle valve, a tenth control valve, an eleventh control valve, a second compressor, a twelfth control valve and a second heat exchanger;

The organic working medium side outlet/inlet of the first heat exchanger is respectively connected with the inlet of the fifth control valve and the outlet of the seventh control valve;

The outlet of the fifth control valve is connected with the inlet of the second throttle valve, and the outlet of the second throttle valve is connected with the inlet of the sixth control valve;

an inlet of the seventh control valve is connected with an outlet of the first compressor, and an inlet of the first compressor is connected with an outlet of the eighth control valve;

The outlet of the sixth control valve and the inlet of the eighth control valve are commonly connected to the inlet/outlet of the organic working medium side of the second heat exchanger;

the outlet/inlet of the organic working medium side of the second heat exchanger is respectively connected with the outlet of the tenth control valve and the inlet of the twelfth control valve;

an inlet of the tenth control valve is connected with an outlet of the third throttle valve, and an inlet of the third throttle valve is connected with an outlet of the ninth control valve;

The outlet of the twelfth control valve is connected with the inlet of the second compressor, and the outlet of the second compressor is connected with the inlet of the eleventh control valve;

and the inlet of the ninth control valve and the outlet of the eleventh control valve are commonly connected to the inlet/outlet of the organic working medium side of the first heat exchanger to form a closed-loop working medium circulation loop.

Preferably, the brayton reverse cycle subsystem comprises a thirteenth control valve, a first expander, a fourteenth control valve, a fifteenth control valve, a third compressor, a sixteenth control valve, a seventeenth control valve, a second expander, an eighteenth control valve, a nineteenth control valve, a fourth compressor, a twentieth control valve, and a third heat exchanger;

The gas side outlet/inlet of the second heat exchanger is respectively connected with a thirteenth control valve inlet and a fifteenth control valve outlet, the thirteenth control valve outlet is connected with a first expander inlet, the first expander outlet is connected with a fourteenth control valve inlet, the fifteenth control valve inlet is connected with a third compressor outlet, the third compressor inlet is connected with a sixteenth control valve outlet, the fourteenth control valve outlet and the sixteenth control valve inlet are respectively connected with a gas side/outlet of the third heat exchanger, the organic working medium side outlet/inlet of the third heat exchanger is respectively connected with an eighteenth control valve outlet and a twentieth control valve inlet, the eighteenth control valve inlet is connected with a second expander outlet, the second expander inlet is connected with a seventeenth control valve outlet, the twentieth control valve outlet is connected with a fourth compressor inlet, the fourth compressor outlet is connected with a nineteenth control valve inlet, and the seventeenth control valve inlet and the nineteenth control valve outlet are respectively connected with a gas side/outlet of the second heat exchanger.

Preferably, the Stirling cycle subsystem comprises a twenty-first control valve, a high temperature heat storage tank, a twenty-second control valve, a twenty-third control valve, a low temperature heat storage tank, a twenty-fourth control valve, a fourth circulating pump, a twenty-fifth control valve, a twenty-sixth control valve, a twenty-seventh control valve, a twenty-eighth control valve, and a Stirling generator;

The heat transfer oil side outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected with the twenty-first control valve inlet and the twenty-third control valve inlet, the twenty-first control valve outlet is connected with the heat transfer oil inlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the heat transfer oil outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the twenty-second control valve inlet, the twenty-third control valve outlet is connected with the heat transfer oil inlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank, the heat transfer oil outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the twenty-fourth control valve inlet, the twenty-second control valve outlet is connected with the twenty-fourth control valve outlet and the fourth circulating pump inlet, the fourth circulating pump outlet is connected with the heat transfer oil side inlet of the third heat exchanger, the heat storage medium outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the twenty-fifth control valve inlet, the twenty-fifth control valve outlet is connected with the heat storage medium inlet of the Stirling generator, the twenty-sixth control valve outlet is connected with the heat storage medium inlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the cold storage medium outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the Stirling seventh control valve inlet, the twenty-seventh control valve outlet is connected with the heat storage medium inlet of the generator cooling medium outlet, the generator cooling inlet is connected with the twenty-seventh control valve inlet, the generator cooling medium outlet is connected with the eighth control valve inlet, the heat storage medium outlet is connected with the cooling medium outlet of the high temperature storage medium inlet of the high temperature storage tank, the high temperature storage medium is connected with the high temperature storage medium inlet, the high temperature storage tank, the outlet is connected with the high temperature medium outlet is and the high.

Preferably, the brayton reverse cycle subsystem flexibly adjusts the operation mode by adjusting the control valve switch, converts the heat or cold in the high Wen Huancun tank and the low-temperature buffer tank into high-temperature heat energy or low-temperature cold energy for storage, and the proportion can be flexibly adjusted.

The operation method of the large-temperature transconnel battery system based on the multi-cycle cascade is applied to the large-temperature transconnel battery system based on the multi-cycle cascade, and comprises the following steps:

heat storage mode:

In the vapor compression circulation subsystem, a fifth control valve, a sixth control valve, an eleventh control valve and a twelfth control valve are closed, in the brayton reverse circulation subsystem, a thirteenth control valve, a fourteenth control valve, a nineteenth control valve and a twentieth control valve are closed, and the Stirling generator stops running;

The heat storage process is that a heat storage medium enters a third circulating pump from a high Wen Huancun tank through a first control valve, enters a first heat exchanger, flows out of the first heat exchanger, and returns to a high-temperature buffer tank through a second control valve, so that the heat storage medium is circulated and reciprocated; after the heat exchange of the organic working medium in the first heat exchanger and the heat storage medium, the organic working medium enters the first compressor through a seventh control valve, superheated steam flowing out of the first compressor enters the second heat exchanger through an eighth control valve to be subjected to heat release and change into liquid state, and the liquid working medium enters the third throttle valve through the tenth control valve to be subjected to temperature reduction and pressure reduction, and then enters the first heat exchanger through a ninth control valve to be subjected to cyclic reciprocation; after the gas working medium exchanges heat with the organic working medium, the gas working medium enters a third compressor through a fifteenth control valve, the high-temperature high-pressure gas working medium flowing out of the third compressor enters the third heat exchanger through a sixteenth control valve to release heat, and the low-temperature high-pressure gas working medium enters a second expansion machine through an eighteenth control valve to cool and reduce pressure, and then enters the second heat exchanger through a seventeenth control valve to circularly reciprocate; after absorbing heat by the third heat exchanger, the heat conduction oil enters a high-temperature heat storage tank through a twenty-first control valve to heat a heat storage medium, enters a fourth circulating pump through a twenty-second control valve, and returns to the third heat exchanger, so that the heat conduction oil is circulated and reciprocated;

the electric energy is absorbed through the first compressor and the third compressor, and is converted into high-temperature heat energy to be stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank;

Cold storage mode:

In the vapor compression circulation subsystem, a seventh control valve, an eighth control valve, a ninth control valve and a tenth control valve are closed, in the brayton reverse circulation subsystem, a fifteenth control valve, a sixteenth control valve, a seventeenth control valve and an eighteenth control valve are closed, and the Stirling generator stops running;

The cold storage process comprises the steps that cold storage medium enters a third circulating pump from a low-temperature buffer tank through a third control valve and then enters a first heat exchanger, after flowing out of the first heat exchanger, the cold storage medium returns to the low-temperature buffer tank through a fourth control valve to be circularly reciprocated, organic working medium enters a second throttle valve through a fifth control valve after heat exchange between the first heat exchanger and the cold storage medium, low-temperature low-pressure working medium flowing out of the second throttle valve enters the second heat exchanger through a sixth control valve to absorb heat and become gaseous state, gaseous working medium enters a second compressor through a twelfth control valve to be heated and boosted, and then enters the first heat exchanger through an eleventh control valve to be circularly reciprocated;

the electric energy is absorbed by the second compressor and the fourth compressor, and is converted into high-temperature heat energy to be stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank.

Preferably, the method further comprises an energy release strategy:

In the absorption subsystem, the first control valve, the second control valve, the third control valve and the fourth control valve are all closed;

In the vapor compression refrigeration cycle subsystem, a fifth control valve, a sixth control valve, a seventh control valve, an eighth control valve, a ninth control valve, a tenth control valve, an eleventh control valve and a twelfth control valve are all closed;

In the brayton reverse cycle subsystem, a thirteenth control valve, a fourteenth control valve, a fifteenth control valve, a sixteenth control valve, a seventeenth control valve, an eighteenth control valve, a nineteenth control valve and a twentieth control valve are all closed;

In the Stirling cycle subsystem, a twenty-first control valve, a twenty-second control valve, a twenty-third control valve and a twenty-fourth control valve are all closed, a high-temperature heat storage medium enters a heating surface of a Stirling engine through a twenty-fifth control valve and then returns to a high-temperature heat storage tank through a twenty-sixth control valve, a low-temperature cold storage medium enters a cold receiving surface of the Stirling engine through a twenty-seventh control valve and then returns to a low-temperature cold storage tank through a twenty-eighth control valve, and a Stirling generator converts stored heat energy and cold energy into electric energy to be output under the driving of temperature difference.

Preferably, an energy storage strategy is adopted for the demand scene of power consumption and waste heat storage in the cold season, and a heat exchanger is supplemented for the low-temperature cache tank so as to supply cold for users;

aiming at the demand scene of peak shaving of the power grid in the cold supply season, adopting an energy release strategy to supplement a heat exchanger for the low-temperature cold storage tank so as to supply cold for users;

aiming at the demand scene of electric power consumption in a heating season, an energy storage strategy is adopted to flexibly regulate and control the heat output of industrial waste heat and a high-temperature cache tank so as to supply heat to users;

Aiming at the demand scene of peak shaving of a heating season power grid, an energy release strategy is adopted to flexibly regulate and control the heat output of the industrial waste heat and the high-temperature heat storage tank, so as to supply heat to users.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention carries out cascade on multiple cycles, provides a novel large-temperature-span Carnot battery system for the first time, is applied to energy storage, and can solve the problems of low level difference, small temperature difference between stored cold and hot energy, low round trip efficiency and the like of conventional energy storage products;

2. Because the stability of the gas working medium at high temperature in the brayton reverse cycle, the heat storage temperature is only limited by the property of the container material, and the limitation of a heat storage medium is broken through;

3. through multiple refrigeration, the storage Leng Wen is effectively reduced;

4. the demand of source (i.e. source) -load (i.e. load) cross space-time scheduling is met, and peak-valley difference caused by electricity load is stabilized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage (cold) mode of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the energy (heat) storage mode of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a system of the present invention a schematic of the energy release mode.

In the figure, 1, a generator; 2, a condenser; 3, a first throttle valve; the heat storage device comprises a heat storage device, an evaporator, a absorber, a 6, a solution pump, a 7, a regenerator, an 8, a first circulating pump, a 9, a high Wen Huancun tank, a 10, a second circulating pump, an 11, a low Wen Huancun tank, a 12, a first control valve, a 13, a second control valve, a 14, a third control valve, a 15, a fourth control valve, a 16, a third circulating pump, a 17, a first heat exchanger, a 18, a fifth control valve, a 19, a second throttling valve, a 20, a sixth control valve, a 21, a seventh control valve, a 22, a first compressor, a 23, an eighth control valve, a 24, a ninth control valve, a 25, a third throttling valve, a 26, a tenth control valve, a 27, an eleventh control valve, a 28, a second compressor, a 29, a twelfth control valve, a 30, a second heat exchanger, a 31, a thirteenth control valve, a 32, a first expansion machine, a 33, a fourteenth control valve, a 34, a fifteenth control valve, a 35, a third compressor, a 36, a sixteenth control valve, a 37, a seventeenth control valve, a 38, a twenty-eighth control valve, a 24, a ninth control valve, a twenty-fourth control valve, a 35, a twenty-second heat storage device, a twenty-fourth control valve, a 35, a twenty-fourth control valve, a 35, a twenty-fourth heat storage device, a twenty-fourth control valve, a 35, a twenty-fourth control valve, a second heat storage device, a fourth control valve, a heat storage device, a fourth, a high control valve, a high pressure, a high pressure, a low pressure, a low, a high, a,.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and/or the like, as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

All terms, including technical and scientific terms, used herein have the meaning commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be construed to have meanings consistent with the context of the present specification and should not be construed in an idealized or overly formal manner.

Where a formulation similar to at least one of "A, B and C, etc." is used, such as "a system having at least one of A, B and C" shall be interpreted in the sense one having ordinary skill in the art would understand the formulation generally, for example, including but not limited to systems having a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc. Where a formulation similar to at least one of "A, B or C, etc." is used, such as "a system having at least one of A, B or C" shall be interpreted in the sense one having ordinary skill in the art would understand the formulation generally, for example, including but not limited to systems having a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc.

As shown in fig. 1-4, a multi-cycle cascade-based large temperature transconnel battery system includes an absorption subsystem, a vapor compression cycle subsystem, a brayton reverse cycle subsystem, and a stirling cycle subsystem;

the absorption subsystem comprises a generator 1, a condenser 2, a first throttle valve 3, an evaporator 4, an absorber 5, a solution pump 6, a regenerator 7, a first circulating pump 8, a high Wen Huancun tank 9, a second circulating pump 10, a low-temperature buffer tank 11, a first control valve 12, a second control valve 13, a third control valve 14, a fourth control valve 15 and a third circulating pump 16;

The refrigerant side outlet of the generator 1 is connected with the refrigerant side inlet of the condenser 2, the concentrated absorbent side outlet of the generator 1 is connected with the concentrated absorbent side inlet of the regenerator 7, the refrigerant side outlet of the condenser 2 is connected with the inlet of the first throttle valve 3, the outlet of the first throttle valve 3 is connected with the refrigerant side inlet of the evaporator 4, the refrigerant side outlet of the evaporator 4 is connected with the refrigerant side inlet of the absorber 5, the concentrated absorbent side inlet of the absorber 5 is connected with the concentrated absorbent side outlet of the regenerator 7, the dilute solution side outlet of the absorber 5 is connected with the inlet of the solution pump 6, the outlet of the solution pump 6 is connected with the dilute absorbent side inlet of the regenerator 7, the dilute absorbent side outlet of the regenerator 7 is connected with the dilute absorbent side inlet of the generator 1, the conductive oil side outlet of the condenser 2 is connected with the inlet of the first circulating pump 8, the outlet of the first circulating pump 8 is connected with the inlet of the high Wen Huancun tank 9, the outlet of the high Wen Huancun tank 9 is connected with the heat conducting oil side inlet of the condenser 2, the heat conducting oil side outlet of the evaporator 4 is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature buffer tank 11, the outlet of the low-temperature buffer tank 11 is connected with the inlet of the second circulating pump 10, the outlet of the second circulating pump 10 is connected with the heat conducting oil side inlet of the evaporator 4, the outlet of the high Wen Huancun tank 9 energy storage medium is connected with the inlet of the first control valve 12, the outlet of the first control valve 12 and the outlet of the third control valve 14 are connected with the inlet of the third circulating pump 16, the outlet of the third circulating pump 16 is connected with the energy storage medium side inlet of the first heat exchanger 17, the outlet of the energy storage medium side of the first heat exchanger 17 is connected with the inlet of the second control valve 13 and the inlet of the fourth control valve 15, the outlet of the second control valve 13 is connected with the energy storage medium inlet of the high Wen Huancun tank 9, and the outlet of the fourth control valve 15 is connected with the energy storage medium inlet of the low-temperature buffer tank 11.

The vapor compression cycle subsystem comprises a first heat exchanger 17, a fifth control valve 18, a second throttle valve 19, a sixth control valve 20, a seventh control valve 21, a first compressor 22, an eighth control valve 23, a ninth control valve 24, a third throttle valve 25, a tenth control valve 26, an eleventh control valve 27, a second compressor 28, a twelfth control valve 29, and a second heat exchanger 30.

The first heat exchanger 17 has an organic working medium side outlet/inlet connected to the fifth control valve 18 inlet and the seventh control valve 21 outlet, the fifth control valve 18 outlet connected to the second throttle valve 19 inlet, the second throttle valve 19 outlet connected to the sixth control valve 20 inlet, the seventh control valve 21 inlet connected to the first compressor 22 outlet, the first compressor 22 inlet connected to the eighth control valve 23 outlet, the sixth control valve 20 outlet and the eighth control valve 23 inlet connected to the second heat exchanger 30 organic working medium side outlet/outlet, the second heat exchanger 30 organic working medium side outlet/inlet connected to the tenth control valve 26 outlet and the twelfth control valve 29 inlet, the tenth control valve 26 inlet connected to the third throttle valve 25 outlet, the third throttle valve 25 inlet connected to the ninth control valve 24 outlet connected to the second compressor 28 inlet, the second compressor 28 outlet connected to the eleventh control valve 27 inlet, the ninth control valve 24 inlet and the eleventh control valve 27 outlet connected to the first heat exchanger 17 organic working medium side outlet.

The brayton reverse cycle subsystem comprises a thirteenth control valve 31, a first expander 32, a fourteenth control valve 33, a fifteenth control valve 34, a third compressor 35, a sixteenth control valve 36, a seventeenth control valve 37, a second expander 38, an eighteenth control valve 39, a nineteenth control valve 40, a fourth compressor 41, a twentieth control valve 42, and a third heat exchanger 43.

The gas side outlet/inlet of the second heat exchanger 30 is connected with the inlet of the thirteenth control valve 31 and the outlet of the fifteenth control valve 34, the outlet of the thirteenth control valve 31 is connected with the inlet of the first expansion machine 32, the outlet of the first expansion machine 32 is connected with the inlet of the seventeenth control valve 33, the inlet of the fifteenth control valve 34 is connected with the outlet of the third compressor 35, the inlet of the third compressor 35 is connected with the outlet of the sixteenth control valve 36, the outlet of the fourteenth control valve 33 and the inlet of the sixteenth control valve 36 are connected with the gas side/outlet of the third heat exchanger 43, the organic working side outlet/inlet of the third heat exchanger 43 is connected with the outlet of the eighteenth control valve 39 and the inlet of the twentieth control valve 42, the inlet of the eighteenth control valve 39 is connected with the outlet of the second expansion machine 38, the outlet of the twenty-eighth control valve 42 is connected with the inlet of the fourth compressor 41, the outlet of the fourth compressor 41 is connected with the inlet of the nineteenth control valve 40, and the inlet of the seventeenth control valve 37 is connected with the outlet of the nineteenth control valve 37.

The Stirling cycle subsystem includes a twenty-first control valve 44, a high temperature heat storage tank 45, a twenty-second control valve 46, a twenty-third control valve 47, a low temperature heat storage tank 48, a twenty-fourth control valve 49, a fourth circulation pump 50, a twenty-fifth control valve 51, a twenty-sixth control valve 52, a twenty-seventh control valve 53, a twenty-eighth control valve 54, and a Stirling generator 55.

The outlet of the third heat exchanger 43 on the heat conducting oil side is connected with the inlet of the twenty-first control valve 44 and the inlet of the twenty-third control valve 47, the outlet of the twenty-first control valve 44 is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank 45, the heat conducting oil outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank 45 is connected with the inlet of the twenty-second control valve 46, the outlet of the twenty-third control valve 47 is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank 48, the heat conducting oil outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank 48 is connected with the inlet of the twenty-fourth control valve 49, the outlet of the twenty-second control valve 46 is connected with the outlet of the twenty-fourth control valve 49 and the inlet of the fourth circulating pump 50, the outlet of the fourth circulating pump 50 is connected with the heat conducting oil side inlet of the third heat exchanger 43, the high-temperature heat storage tank 45 heat storage medium outlet is connected with the inlet of the twenty-fifth control valve 51, the outlet of the twenty-fifth control valve 51 is connected with the inlet of the heated side of the Stirling generator 55, the outlet of the heated side of the Stirling generator 55 is connected with the inlet of the twenty-sixth control valve 52, the outlet of the twenty-sixth control valve 52 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank 45 heat storage medium, the outlet of the cold storage medium of the low-temperature heat storage tank 48 is connected with the inlet of the twenty-seventh control valve 53, the outlet of the twenty-seventh control valve 53 is connected with the inlet of the cooled side of the Stirling generator 55, the outlet of the cooled side of the Stirling generator 55 is connected with the inlet of the twenty-eighth control valve 54, and the outlet of the twenty-eighth control valve 54 is connected with the inlet of the cold storage medium of the low-temperature heat storage tank 48.

The carnot battery system implements two basic modes of operation, namely a discharging mode and an energy storage mode.

Further technical requirements are as follows:

The energy release mode, the absorption subsystem, the vapor compression circulation subsystem and the brayton reverse circulation subsystem do not work, the Stirling circulation subsystem converts stored heat energy into electric energy, peak shaving of a power grid is realized, heat is released into the low-temperature heat-storage tank, and the heat-storage medium in the low-temperature heat-storage tank is heated.

The energy storage mode is that the Stirling cycle subsystem does not work, the absorption subsystem absorbs industrial waste heat and converts the industrial waste heat into heat energy with slightly lower temperature and cold energy with lower temperature for storage, the vapor compression refrigeration cycle subsystem and the Brayton reverse cycle subsystem respectively convert the heat energy with slightly lower temperature and the cold energy with lower temperature into high-temperature heat energy with higher temperature and low-temperature cold energy with lower temperature, the temperature of a high-temperature heat storage medium is increased, the temperature of the low-temperature heat storage medium is reduced, and redundant power of a power grid is consumed.

The other energy supply modes can realize the functions of cooling or heating by adding devices such as a heat exchanger and the like under the inspiring of the invention.

Wherein, the operation working medium and the cold/heat storage medium of the invention comprise but are not limited to organic working medium, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, air and the like,

Working principle:

When the electric quantity of the power grid is excessive, the electric energy is converted into high-temperature heat energy or low-temperature cold energy based on an absorption subsystem, a vapor compression refrigeration cycle subsystem and a Brayton reverse cycle subsystem, the quality improvement storage of waste heat and the effective dissipation of abandoned electricity are completed, and when the electric quantity of the power grid is insufficient, the conversion of heat energy into electric energy is realized by means of a Stirling engine between the high-temperature heat storage tank 45 and the low-temperature heat storage tank 48. According to the invention, the multi-cycle cascade Carnot battery energy storage system is utilized to store the abandoned electricity into the high-temperature heat storage unit and the low-temperature heat storage unit respectively, so that the abandoned electricity of the power grid can be efficiently consumed, and meanwhile, the heat storage and the cold storage with large temperature difference can be realized.

The specific operation of the three subunits is described as follows:

In the energy storage mode, a lithium bromide dilute solution in a generator 1 is heated by industrial waste heat to become water vapor and a lithium bromide concentrated solution, the lithium bromide concentrated solution flows into an absorber 5 through a regenerator 7, the water vapor enters a condenser 2 to be condensed into a liquid state, liquid water enters an evaporator 4 to release cold energy to heat conduction oil after being cooled and depressurized through a first throttle valve 3, self-heat-absorption changes into a gaseous state, then enters the absorber 5 to be absorbed by the lithium bromide concentrated solution, the lithium bromide concentrated solution becomes the lithium bromide dilute solution, the lithium bromide dilute solution enters the generator 1 after being conveyed into the regenerator 7 through a solution pump 6 and the lithium bromide concentrated solution from the generator 1 to exchange heat, and the waste heat absorption heat is changed into the water vapor and the lithium bromide concentrated solution, so that the liquid water and the lithium bromide concentrated solution are circularly reciprocated. Meanwhile, the evaporator 4 stores cold energy in the low-temperature buffer tank 11 by cooling the heat conduction oil, and the condenser 2 stores heat energy in the high Wen Huancun tank 9 by heating the heat conduction oil.

The heat storage process in the energy storage mode comprises the steps that a heat storage medium enters a third circulating pump 16 from a high Wen Huancun tank 9 through a first control valve 12 and then enters a first heat exchanger 17, flows out of the first heat exchanger 17 and returns to the high Wen Huancun tank 9 through a second control valve 13, so that the heat storage medium circularly reciprocates, an organic working medium enters a first compressor 22 through a seventh control valve 21 after heat exchange between the first heat exchanger 17 and the heat storage medium, superheated steam flowing out of the first compressor 22 enters a second heat exchanger 30 through an eighth control valve 23, the superheated steam is released into a liquid state, the liquid working medium enters a third throttling valve 25 through a tenth control valve 26, and then enters the first heat exchanger 17 through a ninth control valve 24, so that the liquid working medium circularly reciprocates. After the gas working medium exchanges heat with the organic working medium in the second heat exchanger 30, the gas working medium enters the third compressor 35 through the fifteenth control valve 34, the high-temperature high-pressure gas working medium flowing out of the third compressor 35 enters the third heat exchanger 43 through the sixteenth control valve 36 to release heat, the low-temperature high-pressure gas working medium enters the second expander 38 through the eighteenth control valve 39 to be cooled and depressurized, and then enters the second heat exchanger 30 through the seventeenth control valve 37 to be circularly reciprocated. After absorbing heat by the third heat exchanger 43, the heat transfer oil enters the high-temperature heat storage tank 45 through the twenty-first control valve 44 to heat the heat storage medium, enters the fourth circulating pump 50 through the twenty-second control valve 46, and returns to the third heat exchanger 43, thereby circulating and reciprocating.

The cold storage process in the energy storage mode comprises the steps that cold storage medium enters a third circulating pump 16 from a low-temperature buffer tank 11 through a third control valve 14 and then enters a first heat exchanger 17, flows out of the first heat exchanger 17 and returns to the low-temperature buffer tank 11 through a fourth control valve 15 to circularly reciprocate, organic working media enter a second throttle valve 19 through a fifth control valve 18 after heat exchange between the first heat exchanger 17 and the cold storage medium, low-temperature low-pressure working media flowing out of the second throttle valve 19 enter a second heat exchanger 30 through a sixth control valve 20 to absorb heat to be in a gaseous state, and the gaseous working media enter a second compressor 28 through a twelfth control valve 29 to be heated and boosted, and then enter the first heat exchanger 17 through an eleventh control valve 27 to circularly reciprocate. After the gas working medium exchanges heat with the organic working medium in the second heat exchanger 30, the gas working medium enters the first expander 32 through the thirteenth control valve 31, the low-temperature low-pressure gas working medium flowing out of the first expander 32 enters the third heat exchanger 43 through the fourteenth control valve 33 to absorb heat, the high-temperature low-pressure gas working medium enters the fourth compressor 41 through the twentieth control valve 42 to raise temperature and pressure, and then enters the second heat exchanger 30 through the nineteenth control valve 40 to circularly reciprocate. After the heat transfer oil exchanges heat in the third heat exchanger 43, the heat transfer oil enters the low-temperature heat-storage tank 48 through the twenty-third control valve 47 to heat the heat-storage medium, enters the fourth circulating pump 50 through the twenty-fourth control valve 49, and returns to the third heat exchanger 43, thereby circulating and reciprocating.

In the energy release mode, the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the heating surface of the Stirling engine 55 through the twenty-fifth control valve 51, then returns to the high-temperature heat storage tank 45 through the twenty-sixth control valve 52, the low-temperature heat storage medium enters the cooling surface of the Stirling engine 55 through the twenty-seventh control valve 53, then returns to the low-temperature heat storage tank 48 through the twenty-eighth control valve 54, and the Stirling generator 55 converts the stored heat energy and cold energy into electric energy under the driving of temperature difference.

Including but not limited to scroll compressors, screw compressors, rotor compressors, and magnetic levitation compressors;

The expander includes, but is not limited to, a scroll expander, a screw expander, a rotor expander.

The heat exchangers include, but are not limited to, shell and tube heat exchangers, double tube heat exchangers, and plate heat exchangers.

The operation method of the large-temperature transconnel battery system based on multi-cycle overlapping comprises basic strategies such as energy storage, energy release and the like, wherein the basic strategies such as energy storage, energy release and the like are as follows:

heat storage mode:

In the vapor compression cycle subsystem, the fifth control valve 18, the sixth control valve 20, the eleventh control valve 27 and the twelfth control valve 29 are closed, in the brayton reverse cycle subsystem, the thirteenth control valve 31, the fourteenth control valve 33, the nineteenth control valve 40 and the twentieth control valve 42 are closed, and the stirling generator 55 stops operating;

In the energy storage mode, a heat storage medium enters a third circulating pump 16 from a high Wen Huancun tank 9 through a first control valve 12 and then enters a first heat exchanger 17, flows out of the first heat exchanger 17 and returns to the high Wen Huancun tank 9 through a second control valve 13, so that the heat storage medium is circularly reciprocated, after the heat exchange between the first heat exchanger 17 and the heat storage medium, an organic working medium enters a first compressor 22 through a seventh control valve 21, overheated steam flowing out of the first compressor 22 enters a second heat exchanger 30 through an eighth control valve 23, is released into a liquid state, and the liquid working medium enters a third throttle valve 25 through a tenth control valve 26, is cooled and depressurized, and then enters the first heat exchanger 17 through a ninth control valve 24, so that the organic working medium is circularly reciprocated. After the gas working medium exchanges heat with the organic working medium in the second heat exchanger 30, the gas working medium enters the third compressor 35 through the fifteenth control valve 34, the high-temperature high-pressure gas working medium flowing out of the third compressor 35 enters the third heat exchanger 43 through the sixteenth control valve 36 to release heat, the low-temperature high-pressure gas working medium enters the second expander 38 through the eighteenth control valve 39 to be cooled and depressurized, and then enters the second heat exchanger 30 through the seventeenth control valve 37 to be circularly reciprocated. After absorbing heat by the third heat exchanger 43, the heat transfer oil enters the high-temperature heat storage tank 45 through the twenty-first control valve 44 to heat the heat storage medium, enters the fourth circulating pump 50 through the twenty-second control valve 46, and returns to the third heat exchanger 43, thereby circulating and reciprocating.

The electric energy is consumed by the first compressor 22 and the third compressor 35, and is converted into high-temperature heat energy to be stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank 45.

Cold storage mode:

in the vapor compression circulation subsystem, the seventh control valve 21, the eighth control valve 23, the ninth control valve 24 and the tenth control valve 26 are closed, in the brayton reverse circulation subsystem, the fifteenth control valve 34, the sixteenth control valve 36, the seventeenth control valve 37 and the eighteenth control valve 39 are closed, and the stirling generator 55 stops running;

The cold storage process in the energy storage mode comprises the steps that cold storage medium enters a third circulating pump 16 from a low-temperature buffer tank 11 through a third control valve 14 and then enters a first heat exchanger 17, flows out of the first heat exchanger 17 and returns to the low-temperature buffer tank 11 through a fourth control valve 15 to circularly reciprocate, organic working media enter a second throttle valve 19 through a fifth control valve 18 after heat exchange between the first heat exchanger 17 and the cold storage medium, low-temperature low-pressure working media flowing out of the second throttle valve 19 enter a second heat exchanger 30 through a sixth control valve 20 to absorb heat to be in a gaseous state, and the gaseous working media enter a second compressor 28 through a twelfth control valve 29 to be heated and boosted, and then enter the first heat exchanger 17 through an eleventh control valve 27 to circularly reciprocate. After the gas working medium exchanges heat with the organic working medium in the second heat exchanger 30, the gas working medium enters the first expander 32 through the thirteenth control valve 31, the low-temperature low-pressure gas working medium flowing out of the first expander 32 enters the third heat exchanger 43 through the fourteenth control valve 33 to absorb heat, the high-temperature low-pressure gas working medium enters the fourth compressor 41 through the twentieth control valve 42 to raise temperature and pressure, and then enters the second heat exchanger 30 through the nineteenth control valve 40 to circularly reciprocate. After the heat transfer oil exchanges heat in the third heat exchanger 43, the heat transfer oil enters the low-temperature heat-storage tank 48 through the twenty-third control valve 47 to heat the heat-storage medium, enters the fourth circulating pump 50 through the twenty-fourth control valve 49, and returns to the third heat exchanger 43, thereby circulating and reciprocating.

The electric energy is consumed by the second compressor 28 and the fourth compressor 41, and is converted into high-temperature heat energy to be stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank 45.

The energy release strategy of the large-temperature transcarbamylar battery system based on multi-cycle overlapping is as follows:

In the absorption subsystem, the first control valve 12, the second control valve 13, the third control valve 14 and the fourth control valve 15 are all closed;

In the vapor compression refrigeration cycle subsystem, the fifth control valve 18, the sixth control valve 20, the seventh control valve 21, the eighth control valve 23, the ninth control valve 24, the tenth control valve 26, the eleventh control valve 27, and the twelfth control valve 29 are all closed;

In the brayton reverse cycle subsystem, the thirteenth control valve 31, the fourteenth control valve 33, the fifteenth control valve 34, the sixteenth control valve 36, the seventeenth control valve 37, the eighteenth control valve 39, the nineteenth control valve 40 and the twentieth control valve 42 are all closed;

in the stirling cycle subsystem, the twenty-first control valve 44, the twenty-second control valve 46, the twenty-third control valve 47 and the twenty-fourth control valve 49 are all closed, the high-temperature heat storage medium enters the heating surface of the stirling engine 55 through the twenty-fifth control valve 51, then returns to the high-temperature heat storage tank 45 through the twenty-sixth control valve 52, the low-temperature heat storage medium enters the cooling surface of the stirling engine 55 through the twenty-seventh control valve 53, then returns to the low-temperature heat storage tank 48 through the twenty-eighth control valve 54, and the stored heat energy and cold energy are converted into electric energy by the stirling generator 55 under the driving of a temperature difference.

The stored heat energy is converted to electrical energy output via the Stirling generator 55.

When the power grid is in excess power, the large-temperature transconnel battery system based on multi-cycle overlapping adopts an energy storage mode to consume the excess power, and when the power grid is in insufficient power, the large-temperature transconnel battery system based on multi-cycle overlapping adopts an energy release mode to support the power grid.

Compared with the prior art, the invention establishes a large-temperature transcutol battery system by creatively carrying out multistage thermodynamic coupling on an absorption cycle, a vapor compression cycle, a Brayton reverse cycle and a Stirling cycle, successfully solves the core bottleneck problems of traditional energy storage such as energy grade regulation and control, narrow heat storage/cold temperature difference range, low system round trip efficiency and the like, and has the following effects:

1. the high-temperature tolerance characteristic of the gas working medium in the brayton reverse cycle is utilized to change the upper limit of the heat storage temperature from the physical property constraint of the traditional medium to the mechanical strength constraint of the container material, so that the application scene of high-temperature heat storage is remarkably widened;

2. The continuous temperature range coverage from deep cooling to ultra-high temperature is realized through the cooperation of the vapor compression cycle and the deep refrigeration of the Brayton reverse cycle, so that the industrial problem of limited heat storage/cold temperature difference of a single circulation system is solved;

3. based on the thermal-electric coupling characteristic of a multi-cycle architecture, the space-time decoupling and on-demand conversion of electric energy, industrial waste heat and terminal cold/heat load are realized, and the peak-to-valley load of a power grid is effectively balanced through flexible switching of energy storage/release modes while the energy conversion efficiency is improved.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-cycle cascade based large temperature transconnel battery system comprising:

The absorption subsystem realizes waste heat absorption and release through solution circulation and is coupled with the medium-temperature heat storage/cooling unit to adjust medium-temperature energy storage;

the vapor compression circulation subsystem realizes low-temperature refrigeration circulation through a multistage compression-expansion process of an organic working medium to form low-temperature cold energy storage;

the brayton reverse circulation subsystem breaks through the temperature limitation of a heat storage medium through reverse circulation compression and expansion of a gas working medium, and converts energy into high-temperature heat energy for storage;

the Stirling cycle subsystem directly converts stored high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy into electric energy for output through a temperature difference driving mechanism.

2. The multi-cycle cascade based large temperature cross-Carnot battery system of claim 1, wherein the absorption subsystem comprises a generator, a condenser, a first throttle valve, an evaporator, an absorber, a solution pump, a regenerator, a first circulation pump, a high Wen Huancun tank, a second circulation pump, a low-temperature buffer tank, a first control valve, a second control valve, a third control valve, a fourth control valve, and a third circulation pump;

the refrigerant side outlet of the generator is connected with the refrigerant side inlet of the condenser, and the concentrated absorbent side outlet is connected with the concentrated absorbent side inlet of the regenerator;

The outlet of the first throttle valve is connected with the inlet of the refrigerant side of the evaporator;

The refrigerant side outlet of the evaporator is connected with the refrigerant side inlet of the absorber, the concentrated absorbent side inlet of the absorber is connected with the concentrated absorbent side outlet of the regenerator, the dilute solution side outlet is connected with the dilute absorbent side inlet of the regenerator through a solution pump, and the dilute absorbent side outlet of the regenerator is connected with the dilute absorbent side inlet of the generator;

The outlet of the high Wen Huancun tank and the inlet of the heat conduction oil side of the condenser form a closed loop;

The heat conduction oil side outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature buffer tank, and the outlet of the low-temperature buffer tank forms a closed loop with the heat conduction oil side inlet of the evaporator through the second circulating pump.

3. The multi-cycle cascade-based large-temperature-span Carnot battery system of claim 2, wherein an energy storage medium outlet of the high-temperature buffer tank is connected with an inlet of a third circulating pump through a first control valve, and an outlet of the third circulating pump is connected with an energy storage medium side inlet of the first heat exchanger;

the energy storage medium side outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the energy storage medium inlet of the high-temperature cache tank and the energy storage medium inlet of the low-temperature cache tank through a second control valve and a fourth control valve respectively;

the outlet of the third control valve is connected in parallel with the inlet of the third circulating pump and is used for adjusting the distribution path of the energy storage medium between the high Wen Huancun tank and the low-temperature cache tank;

The energy storage medium of the absorption subsystem exchanges heat with the vapor compression circulation subsystem or the brayton reverse circulation subsystem through the first heat exchanger, so that the medium temperature Duan Reneng is stored and released. .

4. The multi-cycle cascade based large temperature cross-Carnot battery system of claim 3, wherein the vapor compression cycle subsystem comprises a first heat exchanger, a fifth control valve, a second throttle valve, a sixth control valve, a seventh control valve, a first compressor, an eighth control valve, a ninth control valve, a third throttle valve, a tenth control valve, an eleventh control valve, a second compressor, a twelfth control valve, and a second heat exchanger;

The organic working medium side outlet/inlet of the first heat exchanger is respectively connected with the inlet of the fifth control valve and the outlet of the seventh control valve;

The outlet of the fifth control valve is connected with the inlet of the second throttle valve, and the outlet of the second throttle valve is connected with the inlet of the sixth control valve;

an inlet of the seventh control valve is connected with an outlet of the first compressor, and an inlet of the first compressor is connected with an outlet of the eighth control valve;

The outlet of the sixth control valve and the inlet of the eighth control valve are commonly connected to the inlet/outlet of the organic working medium side of the second heat exchanger;

the outlet/inlet of the organic working medium side of the second heat exchanger is respectively connected with the outlet of the tenth control valve and the inlet of the twelfth control valve;

an inlet of the tenth control valve is connected with an outlet of the third throttle valve, and an inlet of the third throttle valve is connected with an outlet of the ninth control valve;

The outlet of the twelfth control valve is connected with the inlet of the second compressor, and the outlet of the second compressor is connected with the inlet of the eleventh control valve;

and the inlet of the ninth control valve and the outlet of the eleventh control valve are commonly connected to the inlet/outlet of the organic working medium side of the first heat exchanger to form a closed-loop working medium circulation loop.

5. The multi-cycle cascade based large temperature cross-Carnot battery system of claim 4, wherein said Brayton reverse cycle subsystem comprises a thirteenth control valve, a first expander, a fourteenth control valve, a fifteenth control valve, a third compressor, a sixteenth control valve, a seventeenth control valve, a second expander, an eighteenth control valve, a nineteenth control valve, a fourth compressor, a twentieth control valve, and a third heat exchanger;

The gas side outlet/inlet of the second heat exchanger is respectively connected with a thirteenth control valve inlet and a fifteenth control valve outlet, the thirteenth control valve outlet is connected with a first expander inlet, the first expander outlet is connected with a fourteenth control valve inlet, the fifteenth control valve inlet is connected with a third compressor outlet, the third compressor inlet is connected with a sixteenth control valve outlet, the fourteenth control valve outlet and the sixteenth control valve inlet are respectively connected with a gas side/outlet of the third heat exchanger, the organic working medium side outlet/inlet of the third heat exchanger is respectively connected with an eighteenth control valve outlet and a twentieth control valve inlet, the eighteenth control valve inlet is connected with a second expander outlet, the second expander inlet is connected with a seventeenth control valve outlet, the twentieth control valve outlet is connected with a fourth compressor inlet, the fourth compressor outlet is connected with a nineteenth control valve inlet, and the seventeenth control valve inlet and the nineteenth control valve outlet are respectively connected with a gas side/outlet of the second heat exchanger.

6. The multi-cycle cascade based large temperature cross-Carnot battery system of claim 5 wherein said Stirling cycle subsystem comprises a twenty-first control valve, a high temperature heat storage tank, a twenty-second control valve, a twenty-third control valve, a low temperature heat storage tank, a twenty-fourth control valve, a fourth circulation pump, a twenty-fifth control valve, a twenty-sixth control valve, a twenty-seventh control valve, a twenty-eighth control valve, a Stirling generator;

The heat transfer oil side outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected with the twenty-first control valve inlet and the twenty-third control valve inlet, the twenty-first control valve outlet is connected with the heat transfer oil inlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the heat transfer oil outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the twenty-second control valve inlet, the twenty-third control valve outlet is connected with the heat transfer oil inlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank, the heat transfer oil outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the twenty-fourth control valve inlet, the twenty-second control valve outlet is connected with the twenty-fourth control valve outlet and the fourth circulating pump inlet, the fourth circulating pump outlet is connected with the heat transfer oil side inlet of the third heat exchanger, the heat storage medium outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the twenty-fifth control valve inlet, the twenty-fifth control valve outlet is connected with the heat storage medium inlet of the Stirling generator, the twenty-sixth control valve outlet is connected with the heat storage medium inlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the cold storage medium outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the Stirling seventh control valve inlet, the twenty-seventh control valve outlet is connected with the heat storage medium inlet of the generator cooling medium outlet, the generator cooling inlet is connected with the twenty-seventh control valve inlet, the generator cooling medium outlet is connected with the eighth control valve inlet, the heat storage medium outlet is connected with the cooling medium outlet of the high temperature storage medium inlet of the high temperature storage tank, the high temperature storage medium is connected with the high temperature storage medium inlet, the high temperature storage tank, the outlet is connected with the high temperature medium outlet is and the high.

7. The multi-cycle cascade-based large-temperature-span Carnot battery system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the Brayton reverse cycle subsystem is flexibly adjusted in operation mode by adjusting a control valve switch, and the heat or cold in a high Wen Huancun tank and a low-temperature buffer tank is converted into high-temperature heat energy or low-temperature cold energy for storage, and the proportion is flexibly adjustable.

8. A method for operating a multi-cycle cascade-based large temperature transconnel battery system, applied to the multi-cycle cascade-based large temperature transconnel battery system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:

heat storage mode:

In the vapor compression circulation subsystem, a fifth control valve, a sixth control valve, an eleventh control valve and a twelfth control valve are closed, in the brayton reverse circulation subsystem, a thirteenth control valve, a fourteenth control valve, a nineteenth control valve and a twentieth control valve are closed, and the Stirling generator stops running;

The heat storage process is that a heat storage medium enters a third circulating pump from a high Wen Huancun tank through a first control valve, enters a first heat exchanger, flows out of the first heat exchanger, and returns to a high-temperature buffer tank through a second control valve, so that the heat storage medium is circulated and reciprocated; after the heat exchange of the organic working medium in the first heat exchanger and the heat storage medium, the organic working medium enters the first compressor through a seventh control valve, superheated steam flowing out of the first compressor enters the second heat exchanger through an eighth control valve to be subjected to heat release and change into liquid state, and the liquid working medium enters the third throttle valve through the tenth control valve to be subjected to temperature reduction and pressure reduction, and then enters the first heat exchanger through a ninth control valve to be subjected to cyclic reciprocation; after the gas working medium exchanges heat with the organic working medium, the gas working medium enters a third compressor through a fifteenth control valve, the high-temperature high-pressure gas working medium flowing out of the third compressor enters the third heat exchanger through a sixteenth control valve to release heat, and the low-temperature high-pressure gas working medium enters a second expansion machine through an eighteenth control valve to cool and reduce pressure, and then enters the second heat exchanger through a seventeenth control valve to circularly reciprocate; after absorbing heat by the third heat exchanger, the heat conduction oil enters a high-temperature heat storage tank through a twenty-first control valve to heat a heat storage medium, enters a fourth circulating pump through a twenty-second control valve, and returns to the third heat exchanger, so that the heat conduction oil is circulated and reciprocated;

the electric energy is absorbed through the first compressor and the third compressor, and is converted into high-temperature heat energy to be stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank;

Cold storage mode:

In the vapor compression circulation subsystem, a seventh control valve, an eighth control valve, a ninth control valve and a tenth control valve are closed, in the brayton reverse circulation subsystem, a fifteenth control valve, a sixteenth control valve, a seventeenth control valve and an eighteenth control valve are closed, and the Stirling generator stops running;

The cold storage process comprises the steps that cold storage medium enters a third circulating pump from a low-temperature buffer tank through a third control valve and then enters a first heat exchanger, after flowing out of the first heat exchanger, the cold storage medium returns to the low-temperature buffer tank through a fourth control valve to be circularly reciprocated, organic working medium enters a second throttle valve through a fifth control valve after heat exchange between the first heat exchanger and the cold storage medium, low-temperature low-pressure working medium flowing out of the second throttle valve enters the second heat exchanger through a sixth control valve to absorb heat and become gaseous state, gaseous working medium enters a second compressor through a twelfth control valve to be heated and boosted, and then enters the first heat exchanger through an eleventh control valve to be circularly reciprocated;

the electric energy is absorbed by the second compressor and the fourth compressor, and is converted into high-temperature heat energy to be stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank.

9. The method for operating a multi-cycle cascade based large temperature transconnel battery system of claim 8, further comprising an energy release strategy of:

In the absorption subsystem, the first control valve, the second control valve, the third control valve and the fourth control valve are all closed;

In the vapor compression refrigeration cycle subsystem, a fifth control valve, a sixth control valve, a seventh control valve, an eighth control valve, a ninth control valve, a tenth control valve, an eleventh control valve and a twelfth control valve are all closed;

In the brayton reverse cycle subsystem, a thirteenth control valve, a fourteenth control valve, a fifteenth control valve, a sixteenth control valve, a seventeenth control valve, an eighteenth control valve, a nineteenth control valve and a twentieth control valve are all closed;

In the Stirling cycle subsystem, a twenty-first control valve, a twenty-second control valve, a twenty-third control valve and a twenty-fourth control valve are all closed, a high-temperature heat storage medium enters a heating surface of a Stirling engine through a twenty-fifth control valve and then returns to a high-temperature heat storage tank through a twenty-sixth control valve, a low-temperature cold storage medium enters a cold receiving surface of the Stirling engine through a twenty-seventh control valve and then returns to a low-temperature cold storage tank through a twenty-eighth control valve, and a Stirling generator converts stored heat energy and cold energy into electric energy to be output under the driving of temperature difference.

10. The method of operating a multi-cycle cascade based large temperature transconnel battery system of claim 9, wherein:

Aiming at the demand scene of power consumption and waste heat storage in the cold season, adopting an energy storage strategy to supplement a heat exchanger for the low-temperature cache tank so as to supply cold for users;

aiming at the demand scene of peak shaving of the power grid in the cold supply season, adopting an energy release strategy to supplement a heat exchanger for the low-temperature cold storage tank so as to supply cold for users;

aiming at the demand scene of electric power consumption in a heating season, an energy storage strategy is adopted to flexibly regulate and control the heat output of industrial waste heat and a high-temperature cache tank so as to supply heat to users;

Aiming at the demand scene of peak shaving of a heating season power grid, an energy release strategy is adopted to flexibly regulate and control the heat output of the industrial waste heat and the high-temperature heat storage tank, so as to supply heat to users.