CN120289891A - A high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material and its preparation method - Google Patents
A high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant cable material adopts polyethylene as main resin, is a nonpolar material, has a dipole moment of 0, has very low dielectric loss of 10 ‑4, and can realize thermal breakdown of higher voltage at high frequency. Meanwhile, an insulating heat-conducting material with lower dielectric loss and higher heat conductivity is selected, when the polyethylene material is subjected to high-frequency heat generation, the temperature rise is smaller because the wire and cable material has better heat conductivity, the heat-resistant breakdown voltage of the wire and cable material can be further improved, and because the polyethylene and the insulating heat-conducting material have excellent insulativity, the wire and cable material still has volume resistivity of more than 10 15 and excellent insulating property. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material provided by the invention has good mechanical properties, is high-frequency resistant and high-voltage resistant, has a wide application prospect, and is especially suitable for manufacturing various wires and cables in the field of high frequency and high voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable materials, in particular to a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The nonmetallic outer protective layer or insulating layer of the electric wire and the cable mainly has the functions of ground insulation, water resistance, mechanical protection and the like, and serves as a first protective layer of the electric wire and the cable. Under the voltage environment of power frequency (50 Hz), the breakdown voltage of the wire and the cable can be from tens of kilovolts to hundreds of kilovolts, and when the wire and the cable run in a high-frequency environment, such as 400+/-100 kHz environment, after the high-frequency electric field is excited, the wire and the cable are subjected to the change electric field in the electric field to generate heat due to the dielectric loss of the prepared raw materials and the reason of the raw materials, so that the temperature of an insulating layer of the wire and the cable is increased, particularly under the condition of a high-voltage electric field, the heat generated by the dielectric loss is more and cannot be dissipated in a short time, the temperature of the polymer is increased due to the accumulation of the heat, the conductivity of the polymer is increased sharply according to the index rule, the conductivity loss generates more heat, the temperature is increased further, the temperature of the wire and the cable is increased sharply, the oxidation, melting and coking of the polymer are caused, so that the breakdown finally the insulation failure of the wire and the cable is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant cable material made of polyethylene and insulating heat-conducting materials, which has the voltage of 5000V at the frequency of 400+/-100 kHz and the leakage current after 60s of withstand voltage is not more than 100mA.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant cable material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-50 parts of polyethylene;
25-50 parts of insulating heat conducting material.
In some embodiments of the application, the polyethylene has a tensile strength greater than 17Mpa.
In some embodiments of the application, the insulating and thermally conductive material comprises at least one of α -Al 2O3, boron nitride, aluminum nitride.
In some embodiments of the application, the insulating and thermally conductive material has an average particle size of 1-10 μm.
In some embodiments of the application, the insulating and thermally conductive material has an average particle size of 4-7 μm.
In some embodiments of the application, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises 5-10 parts of polyolefin elastomer, wherein the polyolefin elastomer comprises at least one of metallocene-catalyzed ethylene and alpha-olefin polymerized thermoplastic elastomer, ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) and ethylene propylene copolymer (EPM).
In some embodiments of the application, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises 1-5 parts of a compatilizer, wherein the compatilizer comprises at least one of polyolefin elastomer grafts and polyethylene grafts.
In some embodiments of the application, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises 0.3-0.5 part of antioxidant, wherein the antioxidant comprises at least one of hindered phenol main antioxidant and thioether antioxidant.
In some embodiments of the application, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises 0.3-1 part of a coupling agent, wherein the coupling agent comprises at least one of an aluminate coupling agent and a titanate coupling agent.
In some embodiments of the application, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises 0.3-1 part of a sensitizer, wherein the sensitizer comprises at least one of trimethylolpropane tri (methyl) acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, triallyl isocyanate or 1, 3-butanediol dimethacrylate.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material, which comprises the following steps:
Masterbatch processing, namely banburying polyethylene and an insulating heat-conducting material according to a proportion, extruding the mixture through extrusion equipment, bracing and granulating to obtain masterbatch particles;
Extruding the wire rod, namely extruding the obtained master batch particles through extrusion equipment to obtain a semi-finished wire rod.
And the irradiation process comprises the step of irradiating the semi-finished wire rod through irradiation equipment to obtain the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
In some embodiments of the present application, during the masterbatch processing step, when the polyethylene and the insulating and heat conducting material are banburying, a polyolefin elastomer, a compatilizer, an antioxidant, a coupling agent or a sensitizer may be further added for banburying;
In some embodiments of the application, in the masterbatch processing step, the banburying temperature of the internal mixer is 100-130 ℃ and the banburying time is 10-20min;
in some embodiments of the application, in the masterbatch processing step, the extrusion temperature of the extrusion apparatus is 130-190 ℃;
in some embodiments of the application, in the extruding wire step, the extrusion temperature of the extrusion apparatus is 130-190 ℃;
In some embodiments of the application, in the irradiation process step, the irradiation dose of the irradiation apparatus is 60-200KGy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant cable material adopts polyethylene as main resin, is a nonpolar material, has a dipole moment of 0, has very low dielectric loss of 10 -4, and can realize thermal breakdown of higher voltage at high frequency. Meanwhile, an insulating heat-conducting material with lower dielectric loss and higher heat conductivity is selected, when the polyethylene material is subjected to high-frequency heat generation, the temperature rise is smaller because the wire and cable material has better heat conductivity, the heat-resistant breakdown voltage of the wire and cable material can be further improved, and because the polyethylene and the insulating heat-conducting material have excellent insulativity, the wire and cable material still has volume resistivity of more than 10 15 and excellent insulating property. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material provided by the invention has good mechanical properties, is high-frequency resistant and high-voltage resistant, has a wide application prospect, and is especially suitable for manufacturing various wires and cables in the field of high frequency and high voltage.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The description as it relates to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
The invention provides a high-frequency voltage-resistant wire and cable material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-50 parts of polyethylene;
25-50 parts of insulating heat conducting material;
The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant cable material has a voltage of 5000V at a frequency of 400+/-100 kHz, and the leakage current is not more than 100mA after 60s of withstand voltage.
The polymer is formed by connecting a plurality of atoms through covalent bonds, and valence electrons are basically in a relatively stable low-energy state, so that the polymer material is generally an insulator, and the volume resistivity is as high as more than 10 8, so that the polymer material has a relatively good voltage-resistant grade under power frequency and can reach hundreds of kV at most, but the voltage resistance of part of the polymer material is greatly reduced under high frequency, which is mainly related to the polarity, dielectric loss and frequency characteristic of an electric field of the polymer material. The high-molecular materials are classified into nonpolar, low-polar, medium-polar and high-polar materials, and the polarity is mainly caused by the fact that positive and negative charge centers in molecules are not coincident in microstructure, namely the polarity of the molecules, and the magnitude of dipole moment is commonly used for representing the magnitude of the polarity of the molecules. When the high polymer material is placed in an electric field, dipoles of molecules are arranged along the direction of the electric field due to dipole moment, so that the orientation of the molecules is generated, the high polymer material is polarized by the electric field, and part of electric energy is consumed to be converted into heat energy due to the fact that the arrangement and rotation of polar molecules along an external electric field are needed to overcome inertia and rotation resistance of the high polymer material. I.e. dielectric losses. When the frequency is very low, all polarizations have sufficient time to completely keep up with the change of an electric field, so that the energy consumption is very low and less heat is generated, but when the frequency is high, a polar polymer material consumes a part of electric energy under an alternating electric field due to dipole steering so as to overcome internal friction resistance, the conversion into heat energy is obviously increased, namely the dielectric loss is obviously increased, and the dielectric loss is large, so that the material is heated and aged so as to be damaged, and is broken down at lower voltage, namely the so-called thermal breakdown is caused.
The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant cable material adopts polyethylene as main resin, is a nonpolar material, has a dipole moment of 0, has very low dielectric loss of 10 -4, and can realize thermal breakdown of higher voltage at high frequency. Meanwhile, when the polyethylene material is subjected to high-frequency heat generation, the electric wire and cable material has better heat conductivity, smaller temperature rise and excellent insulativity, and the electric wire and cable material still has volume resistivity of more than 10 15 and excellent insulating property, so that the high-voltage resistance under the high-frequency condition can be realized.
Polyethylene is a thermoplastic polymerized from ethylene. Resins obtained by different polymerization processes are classified into High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), medium Density Polyethylene (MDPE), linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE), low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) due to the different densities.
In some embodiments of the application, the tensile strength of the polyethylene is greater than 17Mpa, and a tensile strength in this range is advantageous for improving the tensile strength of the wire and cable.
In some embodiments of the present application, the insulating and thermally conductive material comprises at least one of α -Al 2O3, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, which have low dielectric losses and can achieve higher voltage thermal breakdown at high frequencies.
In some embodiments of the application, the insulating and thermally conductive material has an average particle size of 1-10 μm.
In some embodiments of the application, the insulating and thermally conductive material has an average particle size of 4-7 μm. Too large a particle size affects the pressure resistance itself, and the pressure resistance is lowered. The particle size is too small, the dispersibility is poor, and the fluidity and the processability are affected.
In some embodiments of the present application, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises a polyolefin elastomer comprising at least one of a metallocene-catalyzed thermoplastic elastomer of ethylene and alpha-olefin polymerization, ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), ethylene propylene copolymer (EPM). The addition of the polyolefin elastomer can improve the compatibility of the polyethylene and the insulating heat-conducting material, and can improve the breaking elongation of the wire and cable material, thereby improving the toughness and the mechanical property of the wire and cable material.
In some embodiments of the present application, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises a compatibilizer comprising at least one of a polyolefin elastomer graft and a polyethylene graft. The polyolefin elastomer grafts include maleic anhydride grafts and the polyethylene grafts include maleic anhydride grafts. The compatilizer can improve the binding force of polyethylene and the insulating heat-conducting material, can improve the tensile strength and elongation at break of the wire and cable material, further improve the tensile strength and toughness of the wire and cable material, and further improve the mechanical properties of the wire and cable material.
In some embodiments of the application, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises an antioxidant, wherein the antioxidant comprises at least one of hindered phenol main antioxidants and thioether antioxidants. The antioxidant is added, so that the oxidation resistance and ageing resistance of the wire and cable material are improved, and the service life of the wire and cable is prolonged.
In some embodiments of the present application, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises a coupling agent, wherein the coupling agent comprises at least one of an aluminate coupling agent and a titanate coupling agent. The coupling agent can improve the binding force of polyethylene and the insulating heat-conducting material, can improve the breaking elongation of the wire and cable material, further improve the toughness of the wire and cable material and improve the mechanical property of the wire and cable material.
In some embodiments of the present application, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises a sensitizer comprising at least one of trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, triallyl isocyanate, or 1, 3-butanediol dimethacrylate. The addition of the sensitizer can improve the crosslinking degree of the irradiation process and reduce the irradiation dose.
In some embodiments, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-50 parts of polyethylene and 25-50 parts of insulating heat conducting material. For example, the polyethylene may be any one of 30 to 50 parts by weight such as 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, etc., and the insulating and heat conductive material may be any one of 25 to 50 parts by weight such as 25 parts, 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, etc.
Under the limitation of the weight parts, the mixing of various raw materials is facilitated, the high-frequency and high-pressure resistance performance is met, and certain mechanical properties such as strength, toughness and the like can be achieved.
In some embodiments, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 1-5 parts of compatilizer, 0.3-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.3-1 part of coupling agent and 0.3-1 part of sensitizer. For example, the polyolefin elastomer may be 5 parts, 7 parts, 10 parts, etc. of any one of 5 to 10 parts by weight, the compatibilizer may be 1 part, 3 parts, 5 parts, etc. of any one of 1 to 5 parts by weight, the antioxidant may be 0.3 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, etc. of any one of 0.3 to 0.5 part by weight, the coupling agent may be 0.3 part, 0.5 part, 0.8 part, 1 part, etc. of any one of 0.3 to 1 part by weight, and the sensitizer may be 0.3 part, 0.5 part, 0.8 part, 1 part, etc. of any one of 0.3 to 1 part by weight.
The addition of the components can further improve the mechanical properties such as strength, toughness and the like of the wire and cable material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material, which comprises the following steps:
Masterbatch processing, namely banburying polyethylene and an insulating heat-conducting material according to a proportion, extruding the mixture through extrusion equipment, bracing and granulating to obtain masterbatch particles;
Extruding the wire rod, namely extruding the obtained master batch particles through extrusion equipment to obtain a semi-finished wire rod.
The irradiation process comprises the step of irradiating the semi-finished wire rod through irradiation equipment to obtain the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant cable material.
In some embodiments, during the masterbatch processing step, the polyolefin elastomer, the compatilizer, the antioxidant, the coupling agent or the sensitizer may be further added for banburying during banburying of the polyethylene and the insulating heat conducting material.
In some embodiments, in the masterbatch processing step, the internal mixer is at a banburying temperature of 100-130 ℃ and a banburying time of 10-20min.
In some embodiments, the extrusion temperature of the extrusion equipment is 130-190 ℃ during the masterbatch processing step.
In some embodiments, in the step of extruding the strand, the extrusion temperature of the extrusion apparatus is 130-190 ℃.
In some embodiments, the irradiation process step, the irradiation apparatus has an irradiation dose of 60-200KGy.
The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant cable material can be used for manufacturing an insulating layer of a wire and a cable and manufacturing a sheath of the wire and the cable, and meets the safety requirements of national standard GB 9706.202-2021.
The technical scheme of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, which are to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure.
High frequency and high pressure resistance measurement
The test is carried out by adopting a medical high-frequency dielectric strength tester, the model is CS9706TY, the manufacturer is a company of Long-containing instrument intelligent technology (Hangzhou) limited, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistance measurement is carried out according to the standard requirement of national standard GB9706.202-2021, and the leakage current is not more than 100mA after the measurement passes the standard that the frequency is 400+/-100 kHz, the voltage is 5000V and the withstand voltage is 60 seconds.
Determination of thermal conductivity
Measured according to the measurement method of the standard ASTM D5470.
Determination of volume resistivity
Measured according to the figure measurement method of UL 224.
Determination of mechanical Properties
Tensile strength and elongation at break were measured according to the method of UL 224.
Example 1
Masterbatch processing
Low density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was added to an internal mixer for banburying at 100-130 ℃ for 15min. The materials obtained in the process are put into a double-screw extruder with the diameter of 30mm, extruded at the temperature of 130-190 ℃ and at the screw rotating speed of 45rpm, and then are subjected to bracing and water-cooled granulation, so that master batch particles are finally formed.
Extruded wire
The masterbatch pellets obtained above were extruded by a single screw extruder. The screw is a full-thread screw, and the semi-finished wire is obtained by extrusion molding at the screw rotating speed of 5-45rpm and the die temperature of 130-190 ℃.
Irradiation crosslinking
And irradiating the semi-finished wire with an electron accelerator device, and performing irradiation crosslinking at a dose of 180KGy to obtain the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 2
Masterbatch processing
Except that low density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/alpha-Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was replaced with linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE,LLDPE 218W)/alpha-Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was produced in the same manner as in example 1.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 3
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was replaced with medium-density polyethylene (MDPE, DOW AXELERON TM8864NT)/α-Al2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 4
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was replaced with high density polyethylene (HDPE, lyondellbasell ACP 6541A)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 5
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that α -Al 2O3 (4 μm) was replaced with α -Al 2O3 (1 μm).
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 6
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that α -Al 2O3 (4 μm) was replaced with α -Al 2O3 (7 μm).
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 7
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that α -Al 2O3 (4 μm) was replaced with α -Al 2O3 (10 μm).
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 8
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was replaced with low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/boron nitride (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 9
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was replaced with low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/aluminum nitride (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 10
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was changed to (mass ratio) =30/35/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 11
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was replaced with low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/50/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 12
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was changed to (mass ratio) =40/25/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 13
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was changed to (mass ratio) =50/25/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 14
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was conducted except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was replaced with low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/metallocene-catalyzed thermoplastic elastomer of ethylene and α -olefin polymerization (POE, ENGAGE TM 8480)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/8/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 15
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was changed to low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM, NORDEL TM 6530)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/8/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Example 16
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was replaced with low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/ethylene propylene copolymer (EPM, vistalon TM 785)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/8/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
Comparative example 1
Masterbatch processing
Adding low density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/0.4 into an internal mixer for banburying at 100-130 ℃ for 15min. The materials obtained in the process are put into a double-screw extruder with the diameter of 30mm, extruded at the temperature of 130-190 ℃ and at the screw rotating speed of 45rpm, and then are subjected to bracing and water-cooled granulation, so that master batch particles are finally formed.
Extruded wire
The masterbatch pellets obtained above were extruded by a wire extruder. The screw is a full-thread screw, and the semi-finished wire is obtained by extrusion molding at the screw rotation speed of 5-45rpm and the mold temperature of 130-190 ℃.
Irradiation crosslinking
And irradiating the semi-finished wire with an electron accelerator device, and performing irradiation crosslinking at a dose of 180KGy to obtain the wire and cable material.
Comparative example 2
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was changed to low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (20 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a wire and cable material.
Comparative example 3
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that low-density polyethylene (LDPE, lyondellbasellLupolen 2426K)/α -Al 2O3 (4 μm)/antioxidant (antioxidant 1010) (mass ratio) =30/25/0.4 was changed to (mass ratio) =30/10/0.4.
Extruded wire
Half-forming was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
Irradiation crosslinking
Irradiation was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a wire and cable material.
Comparative example 4
Masterbatch processing
The same procedure as in example 1 was carried out.
Extruded wire
Extrusion was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a wire and cable material.
Comparative example 5
PTFE electric wires and cables with the commercial model number of AWG8 are adopted.
When the insulating and heat conducting material is excessively high in part, although the wire can be extruded, the physical properties such as tensile strength and breaking elongation are reduced, the basic requirements of the cable cannot be met, and a proper amount of POE, EPDM, EPM and the like can be added to improve the corresponding physical properties so as to meet the use requirements of the cable.
For the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable materials prepared as described above, the preparation condition parameters of examples 1 to 16 are shown in Table 1, and the preparation condition parameters of comparative examples 1 to 5 are shown in Table 2. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant performance of the wire and cable material is measured according to the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant measuring method, the heat conductivity of the wire and cable material is measured according to the heat conductivity measuring method, the volume resistivity of the wire and cable material is measured according to the volume resistivity measuring method, and the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the wire and cable material are measured according to the mechanical property measuring method. The results of the measurements of examples 1-16 and comparative examples 1-5 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 1 parameters of the preparation conditions for examples 1-16
TABLE 2 parameters of the preparation conditions for comparative examples 1 to 5
TABLE 3 measurement results of examples 1-16, comparative examples 1-5
Examples 1-16 and comparative example 1 show that the wire and cable material prepared from polyethylene and insulating heat conducting material has good heat conductivity coefficient, so that the wire and cable material has small temperature rise under high frequency and high pressure, the voltage is 5000V under the frequency of 400+/-100 kHz, the leakage current is not more than 100mA after 60s of withstand voltage, and the safety requirement performance of GB9706.202-2021 is met. Examples 1, 14-16 show that the mechanical properties of the wire and cable materials are improved after the polyolefin elastomer is added. Examples 1 and 4 show that the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material must be irradiated and crosslinked, otherwise, the performances of the material in the aspects of heat conductivity, mechanical property, volume resistivity and the like are reduced. In conclusion, the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material provided by the invention has good mechanical properties, is high-frequency resistant and high-voltage resistant, has a wide application prospect, and is especially suitable for manufacturing various wires and cables in the high-frequency and high-voltage field.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
30-50 parts of polyethylene;
25-50 parts of insulating heat conducting material.
2. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material according to claim 1, wherein the tensile strength of the polyethylene is greater than 17Mpa.
3. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material according to claim 1, wherein the insulating and heat conducting material comprises at least one of alpha-Al 2O3, boron nitride and aluminum nitride.
4. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material according to claim 1, wherein the insulating and heat conducting material has an average particle diameter of 1-10 μm.
5. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material according to claim 1, wherein the insulating and heat conducting material has an average particle diameter of 4-7 μm.
6. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises 5-10 parts of a polyolefin elastomer, wherein the polyolefin elastomer comprises at least one of a metallocene-catalyzed thermoplastic elastomer for polymerization of ethylene and alpha-olefins, ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), and ethylene propylene copolymer (EPM).
7. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises 1-5 parts of a compatilizer, wherein the compatilizer comprises at least one of polyolefin elastomer grafts and polyethylene grafts.
8. The high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material further comprises 0.3-0.5 part of antioxidant, and the antioxidant comprises at least one of hindered phenol type main antioxidant and thioether type antioxidant;
or the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire and cable material preparation material also comprises 0.3-1 part of coupling agent, wherein the coupling agent comprises at least one of aluminate coupling agent and titanate coupling agent;
Or the high-frequency-resistant high-voltage wire and cable material preparation material also comprises 0.3-1 part of sensitizer, wherein the sensitizer comprises at least one of trimethylolpropane tri (methyl) acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, triallyl isocyanate or 1, 3-butanediol dimethacrylate.
9. The preparation method of the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Masterbatch processing, namely banburying polyethylene and an insulating heat-conducting material according to a proportion, extruding the mixture through extrusion equipment, bracing and granulating to obtain masterbatch particles;
Extruding the wire rod, namely extruding the obtained master batch particles through extrusion equipment to obtain a semi-finished wire rod.
And the irradiation process comprises the step of irradiating the semi-finished wire rod through irradiation equipment to obtain the high-frequency and high-voltage resistant wire cable material.
10. The preparation method of claim 9, wherein in the masterbatch processing step, a polyolefin elastomer, a compatilizer, an antioxidant, a coupling agent or a sensitizer can be added for banburying during banburying of the polyethylene and the insulating heat conducting material;
Or in the masterbatch processing step, the banburying temperature of the internal mixer is 100-130 ℃ and the banburying time is 10-20min;
or, in the masterbatch processing step, the extrusion temperature of the extrusion equipment is 130-190 ℃;
Or, in the step of extruding the wire rod, the extrusion temperature of the extrusion equipment is 130-190 ℃;
Or in the irradiation process step, the irradiation dose of the irradiation equipment is 60-200KGy.
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