CN120251676B - Multi-gear speed-changing driving structure of motorcycle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-gear speed-changing driving structure of a motorcycle, which relates to the technical field of multi-gear speed-changing driving and comprises a vehicle body, wherein a rear axle main body is arranged at the lower end of the vehicle body, a protective cover is fixedly arranged on the rear axle main body, a motor is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protective cover, a power output assembly, a transmission assembly and an adjusting assembly are arranged in the protective cover, and the power output assembly comprises an adjusting rod rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the rear axle main body. The invention has the advantages that the invention can automatically carry out adaptive adjustment on the rotation speed of wheels on the vehicle body, the transmission ratio of the motor, namely the vehicle body driving gear according to the gradient of the vehicle body driving road surface, thereby being beneficial to improving the stability of the vehicle body driving on the sloping road surface, and simultaneously, the invention can effectively improve the continuity and the adaptation of the vehicle body in gear shifting by the cooperation of the conical column and the adjusting component, so that the power output of the vehicle body is more stable, and the driving experience of the vehicle body is further improved.

Description

Multi-gear speed-changing driving structure of motorcycle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of multi-gear variable speed driving, in particular to a multi-gear variable speed driving structure of a motorcycle.

Background

When the vehicle runs on different road conditions, particularly on a climbing road section and a downhill road section, in order to ensure the running stability and safety of the vehicle, the vehicle is usually subjected to gear shifting according to the road gradient, for example, when the vehicle climbs a slope, the component force of gravity along the slope can increase the resistance of the vehicle in the forward running process, so that the vehicle needs to be adaptively switched to a resisting speed, otherwise, in the downhill stage of the vehicle, the gear of the vehicle needs to be adaptively adjusted for controlling the running speed of the vehicle;

However, in the stage of climbing or descending a slope, a driver is mostly matched with a plurality of gears in a vehicle transmission system through a gear shifting lever to realize the switching of the vehicle gear, but because teeth between different gears are in discrete states, a certain time is needed in the gear switching process, so that the power transmission is temporarily interrupted at the stage, the vehicle is easy to feel frustrated, the smoothness and the driving feel of the driving of the vehicle are reduced, and meanwhile, in the process of shifting the vehicle according to road conditions, the driver is easy to operate the vehicle, and the timeliness and the accuracy of shifting the vehicle are reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the background art and provides a multi-gear speed-changing driving structure of a motorcycle.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

The multi-gear speed-changing driving structure of the motorcycle comprises a motorcycle body, wherein a rear axle main body is arranged at the lower end of the motorcycle body, a protective cover is fixedly arranged on the rear axle main body, a motor is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protective cover, and a power output assembly, a transmission assembly and an adjusting assembly are arranged in the protective cover;

the power output assembly comprises an adjusting rod rotatably arranged on the inner side wall of the rear axle main body, and a speed regulating component for regulating the running speed of the vehicle body is arranged on the adjusting rod;

the transmission assembly comprises a rotating rod rotatably arranged on the inner side wall of the rear axle main body, a conical column is slidably arranged on the rotating rod, and a speed change mechanism for gear shifting is jointly arranged between the conical column and the rear axle main body;

The adjusting component comprises two round rollers rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the rear axle main body, pendulum weights are fixedly arranged on the two round rollers, and a driving mechanism is jointly arranged between the two round rollers and the rear axle main body and used for indirectly adjusting the driving gear of the vehicle body.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

According to the invention, when the vehicle body runs on a slope road section, the inclination angle of the vehicle body can be automatically detected through the matching of the adjusting component, the power output component and the transmission component, and the rotation speed of wheels on the vehicle body, the transmission ratio of the motor, namely the vehicle body running gear, are automatically adjusted in an adaptive manner according to the detection result, so that the stability of the vehicle body running on the slope road surface and the convenience of a driver on the vehicle body operation can be improved.

According to the invention, when the vehicle body climbs or descends, the transmission ratio, namely the gear of the running of the vehicle body is automatically adjusted through the matching of the adjusting component and the transmission component, the continuity and suitability of the vehicle body in gear shifting can be effectively improved through the matching of the conical column and the adjusting component, so that the power output of the vehicle body is more stable, and the driving experience of the vehicle body can be further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a motorcycle multi-gear variable speed drive structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the lower end assembly of the vehicle body of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shield of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the rear axle body of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of FIG. 4 with the motor removed;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the inner components of the rear axle body of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the power take-off assembly of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 7 rotated by a certain angle;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 8 rotated by a certain angle;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the transmission assembly of FIG. 5;

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tapered post and support bracket of FIG. 10 rotated a certain angle;

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the toothed drum of FIG. 6;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the adjustment assembly of FIG. 5;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the driving mechanism of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the pusher member of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shield of FIG. 2 after a certain degree of rotation;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the components within the enclosure of FIG. 16;

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the portion a in fig. 17.

In the figure, 1, a vehicle body, 2, a rear axle main body, 3, a protective cover, 4 and a motor;

5. The power output assembly, 51, a rotating shaft, 52, a disc, 53, a lug, 54, an adjusting rod, 55, a driving wheel, 56, a spring column, 57 and a rotating gear I;

6. The transmission assembly comprises a transmission component 61, a rotating rod 62, a rotating gear II, a conical column 63, a 64, a round rod 65, a supporting frame 66, a straight gear 67, a tooth block 68, a driving groove 69, a cylinder 610 and a toothed cylinder;

7. a differential mechanism, 8, wheel axles;

9. the device comprises an adjusting component, a spring telescopic rod, a 92, a plate body, a 93, a connecting piece, a 94, a round roller, a 95, a pendulum, a 96, a threaded rod, a 97, a sliding piece, a 98 and a push rod;

10. The heat dissipation assembly comprises a heat dissipation assembly body, a spring rod, a filter screen, a knocking plate, a 104 electric telescopic rod, a 105 driving frame, a 106 and a movable plate.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-18, a multi-gear speed-changing driving structure of a motorcycle comprises a motorcycle body 1, wherein a rear axle main body 2 is installed at the lower end of the motorcycle body 1, a protective cover 3 is fixedly installed on the rear axle main body 2, a motor 4 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the protective cover 3, a power output assembly 5 is arranged in the protective cover 3, a transmission assembly 6 is arranged in the protective cover 3, and an adjusting assembly 9 is arranged in the protective cover 3.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the power output assembly 5 includes an adjustment lever 54 rotatably mounted on an inner side wall of the rear axle body 2, and a speed regulating member for regulating a running speed of the vehicle body 1 is mounted on the adjustment lever 54.

The transmission assembly 6 comprises a rotating rod 61 rotatably mounted on the inner side wall of the rear axle main body 2, a conical column 63 is slidably mounted on the rotating rod 61, and a speed change mechanism for gear shifting is mounted between the conical column 63 and the rear axle main body 2.

The force transmission component comprises a first rotating gear 57 fixedly arranged on the adjusting rod 54, a second rotating gear 62 meshed with the first rotating gear 57 is fixedly arranged on the rotating rod 61, a straight gear 66 is fixedly arranged on the round rod 64, two cylinders 69 are rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the rear axle main body 2, a toothed cylinder 610 is fixedly arranged between the two cylinders 69 together, the toothed cylinder 610 is meshed with the straight gear 66, a differential mechanism 7 is arranged in the toothed cylinder 610, two wheel shafts 8 are arranged on the differential mechanism 7, and one ends of the two wheel shafts 8 penetrate through and are rotatably arranged on the toothed cylinder 610 and the rear axle main body 2.

When the vehicle body 1 is required to be used, the motor 4 is started, the motor 4 drives the rotating rod 61 to rotate through the cooperation of the rotating shaft 51 and the power output assembly 5 during operation, and the rotating rod 61 can drive the two wheel shafts 8 to rotate together through the cooperation of the transmission assembly 6 and the toothed cylinder 610 during rotation, and the driving force is transmitted to the two rear wheels of the vehicle body 1 (namely, the two wheels on the left side of the vehicle body 1 in the direction shown in fig. 1) through the cooperation of the two wheel shafts 8 to drive the vehicle body to rotate and travel.

Meanwhile, when the motor 4 runs to drive the vehicle body 1 to run, the rotation speed output by the motor 4 is usually higher, but the torque is relatively smaller, at the moment, the power output assembly 5 is matched with the transmission assembly 6, so that the rotation speed of wheels can be effectively reduced, the torque of the wheels can be increased, and the vehicle body 1 can obtain enough force to overcome the resistance of the vehicle body in the running process, such as the power required by climbing and loading of the vehicle body 1.

Meanwhile, the middle of the two cylinders 69 is hollow (for the purpose of facilitating the installation and replacement of the corresponding wheel shafts 8), and the two wheel shafts 8 are in threaded connection with the differential mechanism 7, as can be seen from fig. 12, the differential mechanism 7 is composed of a plurality of conical tooth columns, wherein the conical tooth columns at the upper left and the lower right are in threaded connection with the corresponding wheel shafts 8, when the two wheel shafts 8 need to be disassembled, the two wheel shafts 8 can be separated from the corresponding conical tooth columns by sequentially applying a rotation force to the wheel shafts 8, and then the two wheel shafts 8 can be removed from the toothed cylinder 610, the corresponding cylinder 69 and the rear axle body 2 by applying a certain pulling force thereto (at this time, the rear axle body 2 is separated from the two rear wheels of the vehicle body 1 in advance).

Meanwhile, when the vehicle body 1 runs on an uneven road surface or the resistance of two rear wheels of the vehicle body 1 is not uniform (for example, when the vehicle body 1 turns, the turning radius of the outer rear wheel is larger than that of the inner rear wheel, and according to circular motion, the distance travelled by the outer rear wheel is longer and larger rolling friction force needs to be overcome in the same time), at the moment, the rotation speed of the two rear wheels can be automatically adjusted through the cooperation of a plurality of conical tooth columns in the differential 7 (the principle of the conical tooth columns is similar to that of a differential device on a rear axle of the conventional electric motor tricycle, and further explanation is not made here), so that the vehicle body 1 is better adapted to road conditions, and the stability and the maneuverability of the vehicle body 1 in the running process are ensured.

Referring to fig. 13-15, the adjusting assembly 9 includes two round rollers 94 rotatably mounted on an inner wall of the rear axle body 2, a pendulum 95 is fixedly mounted on each of the two round rollers 94, and a driving mechanism is mounted between the two round rollers 94 and the rear axle body 2 together for indirectly adjusting a driving gear of the vehicle body 1.

The driving mechanism comprises threaded rods 96 which are respectively and fixedly arranged on two round rollers 94, threads of the two threaded rods 96 rotate oppositely, plate bodies 92 are fixedly arranged on the driving wheel 55 and the conical columns 63, the two plate bodies 92 are respectively and slidably arranged on the adjusting rods 54 and the rotating rods 61, two spring telescopic rods 91 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the rear axle main body 2, connecting pieces 93 are fixedly arranged at one ends of the two spring telescopic rods 91, the two connecting pieces 93 are rotationally connected with the corresponding plate bodies 92, and pushing parts are jointly arranged between the two threaded rods 96.

The pushing member includes sliding members 97 respectively screwed on the two threaded rods 96, and two push rods 98 are fixedly mounted on both sliding members 97 (as can be seen from fig. 15, the left end of the push rod 98 on the lower left side is provided to penetrate and slidably mounted on the corresponding connecting member 93).

When the vehicle body 1 is in a climbing stage, greater power is required to overcome gravity and friction force (the vehicle body 1 is required to overcome the component force of gravity along a slope, the friction force and other resistance when climbing a slope), at this time, in order to ensure the normal running of the vehicle body 1, the vehicle body 1 is usually required to be subjected to gear shifting treatment, and meanwhile, when the vehicle body 1 is in a downhill stage, in order to control the vehicle speed, the condition that the vehicle speed is too fast and out of control due to the action of gravity is prevented, and at this time, in order to improve the stability and the safety of the vehicle body 1 in the downhill process, the vehicle body 1 is also required to be subjected to gear shifting treatment.

When the vehicle climbs a slope, a driver is usually required to shift the vehicle in time according to the gradient of the road surface, and if the operation is unskilled or the vehicle is not shifted in time, the condition that the vehicle is insufficient in power or even extinguishes may occur. And when the vehicle runs down a slope, the driver is required to shift the vehicle timely according to the gradient of the road surface, and at the moment, if the shift operation is improper or not timely, the vehicle speed can not be effectively controlled, the safety risk of the vehicle running is increased, in addition, the frequent shift can increase the operation burden of the driver, the driving attention of the driver is dispersed, and particularly under complex road conditions, traffic accidents are easily caused.

When the vehicle body 1 is in a climbing stage, the whole vehicle body 1 has an upward inclination angle relative to the ground, at this time, the two pendulums 95 always keep the effect of being perpendicular to the ground under the action of self gravity, so relative to other components in the vehicle body 1 and the rear axle main body 2, at this time, the two pendulums 95 are inclined backward, the corresponding round roller 94 is taken as the axle center to rotate clockwise, and when the two pendulums 95 drive the corresponding round roller 94 and the threaded rod 96 to rotate clockwise, the left sliding piece 97 can be forced to drive the corresponding two push rods 98 to move to the right (as shown in fig. 15, and because the threads of the two threaded rods 96 rotate oppositely), when the left threaded rod 96 is forced to drive the corresponding sliding piece 97 and the two push rods 98 to move to the right, the right threaded rod 96 is forced to drive the corresponding sliding piece 97 and the two push rods 98 to move to the left.

When the vehicle body 1 is in a climbing stage, the left sliding member 97 is forced to drive the corresponding two push rods 98 to move rightwards (in the direction shown in fig. 15), the two push rods 98 can apply right thrust to the corresponding connecting members 93, so that the two connecting members 93 drive the corresponding driving wheels 55 and the tapered column 63 to move rightwards through the cooperation with the corresponding plate 92, and when the driving wheels 55 are forced to move rightwards, namely move downwards, in combination with the directions shown in fig. 5 and 13, the effect of reducing the wheel rotation speed of the vehicle body 1 in the climbing process and increasing the wheel driving torque can be achieved through the cooperation with the power output assembly 5, and the effect of increasing the transmission ratio of the motor 4 in the stage can be achieved when the tapered column 63 moves rightwards, namely moves downwards, so that the effect of automatically switching the vehicle body 1 into a low gear to run according to the road gradient of the vehicle body 1 in the climbing process can be achieved.

When the vehicle body 1 gradually runs from the climbing to the gentle road section, at this time, the two pendulums 95 rotate and reset under the action of gravity (in the direction shown in fig. 15), and through the operation, when the two sliding pieces 97 drive the corresponding two push rods 98 to move and reset gradually, at this time, under the action of the self elasticity of the two spring telescopic rods 91, the two connecting pieces 93 can drive the driving wheels 55 and the tapered posts 63 to move and reset leftwards (in the direction shown in fig. 13) respectively through the corresponding plate bodies 92, so that the effect of automatically adjusting and resetting the running gear of the vehicle body 1 is achieved.

On the contrary, when the vehicle body 1 is in a downhill stage, the vehicle body 1 has a downward inclination angle relative to the ground, at this time, the two pendulums 95 are forced to tilt forward, that is, the corresponding round rollers 94 are used as axes to rotate anticlockwise (as shown in fig. 15), in the process, through the above operation principle, the right left threaded rod 96 is forced to drive the corresponding sliding member 97 and the two push rods 98 to move leftwards, the distance between the corresponding sliding member 97 and the two connecting members 93 is gradually increased, while when the right threaded rod 96 is forced to rotate, the corresponding sliding member 97 is driven to be matched with the two push rods 98, the two connecting members 93, the driving wheel 55 and the tapered column 63 are driven to move rightwards (as shown in fig. 13), so that the rotation speed of the wheels on the vehicle body 1 and the transmission ratio of the motor 4 are automatically adjusted, and the larger the distance between the driving wheel 55 and the tapered column 63 is set, the transmission ratio of the rotation of the two pendulums 95 is increased, and the rotation speed of the driving wheel is correspondingly increased, and the rotation ratio of the driving wheels on the driving wheel 95 is correspondingly increased, and the driving wheel is correspondingly increased, and the driving force of the driving wheel is correspondingly increased, and the driving force is applied to the driving rod is correspondingly and is correspondingly increased by the driving rod is applied to the driving rod and has a driving rod and driving rod is driven.

Referring to fig. 5 to 15, the speed regulating part includes a driving wheel 55 fixedly installed on an adjusting rod 54 (the adjusting rod 54 is provided with a telescopic function, and the driving wheel 55 is fixedly installed on a telescopic end thereof, when the driving wheel 55 is forced to displace, the telescopic end of the adjusting rod 54 is stretched or compressed), spring columns 56 which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape penetrate through and are fixedly installed on the driving wheel 55, a rotating shaft 51 is fixedly installed at a driving end of the motor 4, a disc 52 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 51, a plurality of protruding blocks 53 are fixedly installed on the disc 52, and the protruding blocks 53 are matched with the plurality of spring columns 56.

The speed change mechanism comprises a round rod 64 rotatably arranged on the inner side wall of the rear axle main body 2, a supporting frame 65 is fixedly arranged on the round rod 64, annular evenly distributed tooth blocks 67 are fixedly arranged on the supporting frame 65, annular evenly distributed driving grooves 68 are formed in the conical columns 63, the driving grooves 68 are matched with the tooth blocks 67, and a force transmission component is jointly arranged between the round rod 64 and the adjusting rod 54.

When the vehicle body 1 is required to be used, the motor 4 is started, so that the rotation shaft 51 starts to rotate, at this time, through the cooperation of the rotation shaft 51 and the disc 52 with the plurality of protruding blocks 53 matched with the spring columns 56, the effect of driving the driving wheel 55 to rotate together with the adjusting rod 54 through driving the plurality of spring columns 56 can be achieved, and when the adjusting rod 54 is forced to rotate and through the cooperation of the first rotating gear 57 and the second rotating gear 62, the rotating rod 61 and the conical column 63 are driven to rotate together, the round rod 64 can rotate together with the rotating rod through the cooperation of the plurality of driving grooves 68, the plurality of tooth blocks 67 and the supporting frame 65, and when the round rod 64 is forced to rotate, the power output by the rotation shaft 51 can be transmitted to the two wheel shafts 8 through the cooperation of the straight gears 66, the toothed cylinders 610 and the differential mechanism 7 after multistage speed reduction, and the effect of driving the vehicle body 1 is achieved.

As shown in fig. 7, in the process of rotating the disc 52 by the rotating shaft 51, according to the linear velocity formula v=ωr (where v is a linear velocity, ω is an angular velocity, and r is a radius of circular motion) in which the angular velocity ω of each point on the disc 52 is the same, but the radius r is the same, and as the radius of the disc 52 gradually increases from inside to outside, the linear velocity of the disc 52 from inside to outside is in a gradually increasing state, specifically, the radius of motion of the object near the center of the disc 52 is smaller, the linear velocity thereof is relatively smaller, the arc length of rotation is shorter in the same time, the radius of motion of the object far from the center of the disc 52 is larger, the linear velocity is longer in the same time, which results in different rotational speeds of the object on the disc 52 from inside to the outside, for example, in a carousel, a carousel near the center axis and a carousel far from the center axis, when the carousel platform rotates, the carousel is significantly faster.

Meanwhile, as can be seen from fig. 9, a plurality of annular protrusions 53 are disposed on the disc 52, and each annular protrusion 53 can be engaged with a plurality of spring posts 56, so that when the plurality of spring posts 56 are located at the upper end of a certain ring of annular protrusions 53 and the disc 52 drives the annular protrusions 53 to rotate, the effect of driving the adjusting rod 54 to rotate by the driving wheel 55 can be achieved by engaging the annular protrusions 53 with the plurality of spring posts 56, and meanwhile, according to the above principle, as the distance between the protrusions 53 and the center (i.e. the rotating shaft 51) of the disc 52 increases gradually, the linear velocity of the entire ring of protrusions 53 where the protrusions 53 are located increases, and therefore, the plurality of spring posts 56 engage with the annular protrusions 53 at different positions of the disc 52, and as the distance between the driving wheel 55 and the plurality of spring posts 56 from the center of the disc 52 increases, the disc 52 is forced by engaging the plurality of protrusions 53 to drive the driving wheel 55 and the rotating speed of the adjusting rod 54, and vice versa.

Through the above operation, after the rotation shaft 51 rotates, the driving force is transmitted to the two rear wheels of the vehicle body 1 through the toothed cylinder 610 and the two wheel shafts 8 after the rotation shaft 51 is decelerated by the driving wheel 55, the rotating rod 61 and the round rod 64, so that the vehicle body 1 is driven to travel, and if the driving wheel 55 is forced to move horizontally to the left (in the direction shown in fig. 7) relative to the disc 52, that is, if the center of the disc 52 approaches, the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 51 transmitted to the wheel by the driving wheel 55 is reduced, and if the driving wheel 55 is forced to move horizontally to the right (in the direction shown in fig. 7) relative to the disc 52, the rotation speed of the wheel is increased.

According to the power formula p=t×ω (where P is power, T is torque, ω is angular velocity, and the rotational speed is proportional to angular velocity), under the condition that the power of the motor 4 is constant, the torque and the rotational speed are inversely proportional, that is, when the rotational speed of the wheels on the vehicle body 1 driven by the force is faster, the running torque of the wheels is correspondingly reduced, and conversely, the running torque is increased, when the vehicle body 1 is in a climbing stage, larger resistance such as component force and friction force of gravity along a slope surface need to be overcome, and this requires the motor 4 to output larger torque, at this time, under the condition that the running power of the motor 4 is unchanged, through the above operation principle, that is, when the vehicle body 1 is in a climbing stage, the left pendulum 95 is forced to rotate, the left slider 97 is driven to cooperate with the corresponding two push rods 98, so as to push the two connecting pieces 93, the driving wheels 55 and the tapered columns 63 to move to the right (in the direction shown in fig. 13), that is, so as to push the driving wheels 55 to move to the left, and when the driving force of the driving rod 54 is gradually reduced 51, the rotation axis of the vehicle body 1 is required to overcome, the rotation axis of the vehicle body 1 is required to reduce the rotation of the vehicle body 1 along the slope surface, at this time, the rotation speed of the wheels on the slope surface is steadily, the vehicle body 1 is reduced, and the vehicle body 1 is driven to increase the running torque on the climbing stage, and the climbing 1 is enough to be helpful.

When the rotating rod 61 is forced to rotate by the conical column 63 and the plurality of driving grooves 68 and the plurality of tooth blocks 67, according to the principle of the linear velocity formula of the circular motion, when the rotating rod 61 drives the conical column 63 to rotate, the angular velocity ω of each point of the conical column 63 is the same, but according to the linear velocity formula, the distance from the plurality of tooth blocks 67 to the rotation axis of the conical column 63 (i.e. the rotation radius) is gradually reduced (i.e. the direction shown in fig. 10), so that the linear velocity v is also gradually reduced, and therefore, the transmission ratio between the conical column 63 and the supporting frame 65 and the circular rod 64 is gradually reduced, for example, when the upper ends of the plurality of driving grooves 68 on the conical column 63 are matched with the plurality of tooth blocks 67 to drive the supporting frame 65 and the circular rod 64, the transmission ratio between the rotating rod 61 and the circular rod 64 is 6:1 (i.e. the direction shown in fig. 10) at the moment, and when the lower ends of the plurality of driving grooves 68 on the conical column 63 are matched with the plurality of tooth blocks 67 to rotate, the transmission ratio between the driving supporting frame 65 and the circular rod 64 is reduced to 2.5:1.

When the vehicle body 1 is in a climbing stage, the left pendulum 95 is forced to drive the driving wheel 55 and the tapered column 63 to move to the right (in the direction shown in fig. 13), that is, in the direction shown in fig. 11, when the tapered column 63 is forced to move upwards, the transmission ratio between the tapered column 63, that is, the rotating rod 61 and the round rod 64 is gradually increased (that is, the vehicle body 1 is gradually lowered in driving gear), and as the transmission ratio is increased (that is, from the original 3:1 to the original 5:1), the wheels on the vehicle body 1 generate larger torque in the driving process, and the increased wheel torque can enable the vehicle body 1 to obtain larger driving force, so that the vehicle body 1 can climb a steep slope more easily.

Meanwhile, when the vehicle body 1 is in a climbing stage, the pendulum bob 95 is matched with the adjusting assembly 9, the power output assembly 5 and the transmission assembly 6, wheels on the vehicle body 1 are automatically slowed down and torque is improved, the vehicle body 1 is adjusted to a low gear, the climbing is facilitated, the operation convenience of a driver on the vehicle body 1 is improved to a certain extent, meanwhile, the safety of the vehicle body 1 in the driving process is improved to a certain extent, for example, the gravity center of the vehicle body 1 is higher during climbing, the stability is relatively poor, the inertia of the vehicle body 1 can be reduced by reducing the driving speed, the operability is enhanced, the possibility of unstable phenomena such as shaking and rolling of the vehicle body 1 in the climbing process is reduced, the vehicle rollover risk is reduced, the climbing is safer, the situation that uneven and wet sliding can exist on the climbing road surface is reduced, the contact time of the wheels and the ground is prolonged, the effect of the friction force is improved, and the probability of skidding of the wheels due to overlarge driving force is reduced.

When the vehicle body 1 is in a downhill stage, the adjusting component 9 is matched with the power output component 5 and the transmission component 6, and the driving gear of the vehicle body 1 can be automatically adjusted according to the gradient of the driving road surface of the vehicle body 1, so that convenience of operation of a driver on the vehicle body 1 and stability of the vehicle body 1 in the driving process can be further improved.

Meanwhile, as can be seen from fig. 15, on the right slider 97, one end of the push rod 98 for pushing the right connector 93 is not attached to the surface of the right connector 93 in the initial state, and a distance is provided between the two (one end of the other push rod 98 is attached to the surface of the corresponding connector 93 in the initial state), so that when the vehicle body 1 is on a downhill road surface, but the gradient is relatively gentle, the acceleration of the vehicle body 1 obtained under the action of gravity is relatively small, the vehicle speed rises relatively slowly, the resistance of the vehicle body 1 itself, such as rolling friction force, air resistance, etc., can limit the increase of the vehicle speed to a certain extent, at this time, when the right slider 97 is driven to drive the two push rods 98 to move, only the left push rod 98 pushes the corresponding connector 93 to move to the right side, so that the driving wheel 55 gradually approaches the center position of the disc 52, that is only the rotational speed of the wheels on the vehicle body 1 is properly reduced at this stage, and the running torque is increased, so that the running speed is limited to a certain extent.

If the vehicle body 1 is on a steep downhill road, the rotation angle of the right pendulum 95 will be increased (as shown in fig. 13), i.e. the distance between the right slider 97 and the corresponding two push rods 98 will be increased, and the two push rods 98 will push the connecting member 93, i.e. the driving wheel 55 and the tapered post 63 to move to the right, so as to ensure that when the vehicle body 1 is running on a steep downhill road, the running speed of the vehicle body 1 is effectively controlled by reducing the wheel rotation speed, increasing the wheel torque, and increasing the output transmission ratio of the motor 4, such as by increasing the component of gravity of the vehicle body 1 along the slope in a steep slope, a larger acceleration will be generated by the vehicle body 1, the vehicle speed will easily and rapidly rise, and it will be difficult to effectively control the vehicle speed only by the resistance of the vehicle body 1 itself, and if the vehicle speed is not timely reduced, the safe running speed range of the vehicle body 1 will be exceeded, resulting in difficult or even dangerous handling, and the running speed of the vehicle body 1 can be effectively controlled by reducing the wheel rotation speed and increasing the transmission ratio, and the safety of the vehicle body 1 in a steep downhill road can be improved.

In the gear shifting process of the existing electric motor tricycle, the gear shifting of the vehicle is achieved mostly through the cooperation of a gear shifting lever and a plurality of gears in a rear axle of the vehicle, but in the gear shifting process, teeth among different gears are in discrete states, so that a certain time is needed in the gear shifting process, short interruption of power transmission can be caused at the stage, the vehicle is easy to feel a bump, the smoothness and the driving feeling of the vehicle are reduced, the gear adjustment of the existing electric motor tricycle is limited, if the gear adjustment can only be carried out to 2 gears, the gear cannot be adjusted to 1.5 gears (namely, the transmission ratio can only be adjusted to 3:1 from 2:1, and the gear adjustment cannot be carried out to 2.5:1), and the accuracy of the gear adjustment is reduced.

As can be seen from fig. 11, the driving grooves 68 formed on the tapered column 63 are continuous strip-shaped grooves and are all in an inclined state, so when the tapered column 63 is stressed to move upwards or downwards relative to the supporting frame 65, and the transmission ratio between the rotating rod 61 and the round rod 64 is changed, the driving grooves 68 always drive the corresponding tooth blocks 67 to rotate, namely the supporting frame 65 and the round rod 64 are driven to rotate, thereby being beneficial to improving the running road gradient of the vehicle body 1, automatically adjusting the transmission ratio of the motor 4, namely the gear shifting continuity, so that the power output of the vehicle body 1 is smoother, the driving experience is better, and meanwhile, by matching the pendulum 95 with the adjusting assembly 9, the transmission ratio of the motor 4 is increased or decreased automatically according to the running road gradient of the vehicle body 1, thereby being beneficial to improving the adaptation of the device to the transmission ratio adjustment of the vehicle body 1, namely the gear shifting adaptation, and simultaneously being beneficial to improving the adaptation of the transmission ratio adjustment in the driving mode, and being beneficial to the gear shifting in the driving mode, and being capable of smoothly making the wheel 1 have more smooth running and avoiding the gear meshing and the gear shifting noise in the conventional gear shifting process due to the gear shifting noise.

Meanwhile, as can be seen from fig. 9, the upper ends of the plurality of protruding blocks 53 are all arranged by adopting the cambered surface, when the vehicle body 1 runs on a road section with a sloping surface, the driving wheel 55 and the plurality of spring columns 56 are automatically horizontally displaced relative to the disc 52 by the adjusting component 9, and if the disc 52 drives the plurality of protruding blocks 53 on the vehicle body to continuously rotate, the phenomenon that the protruding blocks 53 are blocked in the horizontal displacement process of the plurality of protruding blocks 56 under stress can be effectively avoided by the cambered surface arrangement at the upper ends of the protruding blocks 53 and the horizontal displacement driving force continuously received by the spring columns 56 relative to the protruding blocks 53 until the protruding blocks 53 are stressed and rotated to be separated, and then the spring columns 56 can be under the self-elasticity action so that the plurality of subsequent spring columns 56 continuously cooperate with the corresponding plurality of protruding blocks 53 to drive the rotation of the driving wheel 55.

In addition, if the device can further improve the road gradient of the vehicle body 1, the wheel rotating speed and gear shifting precision of the device can be changed into the existing levelness detector by the two pendulum weights 95, a motor is additionally arranged at one end of the two round rollers 94 connected with the rear axle main body 2, and one motor is matched with one levelness detector and is respectively used for accurately detecting the road gradient of the vehicle body 1 on the uphill and downhill, when the vehicle body 1 runs on a road section with the gradient, the gradient of the road surface of the vehicle body 1 can be automatically detected through the corresponding level detector, and the corresponding motor is instructed according to the detected gradient, so that the motor runs, and the corresponding sliding piece 97 is driven to move to drive the driving wheel 55 and the tapered column 63 through the matching of the corresponding round rollers 94 and the threaded rod 96.

Referring to fig. 16-18, a heat dissipation assembly 10 is disposed in the protective cover 3, the heat dissipation assembly 10 includes an electric telescopic rod 104 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the protective cover 3, a driving frame 105 is fixedly mounted on the electric telescopic rod 104, two limit posts are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the protective cover 3, the driving frame 105 penetrates through and is slidably mounted on the two limit posts, a plurality of movable plates 106 are rotatably mounted on the side wall of the protective cover 3, the movable plates 106 are matched with the driving frame 105, and a filtering component is mounted in the protective cover 3.

The filtering component comprises a plurality of groove bodies which are arranged in the protective cover 3, the spring rods 101 are fixedly arranged on the groove bodies, sliding blocks (drawn in the figure but not marked, and can be seen from fig. 17) are fixedly arranged on the spring rods 101, the filtering net 102 is fixedly arranged between the two sliding blocks, the two filtering net 102 are hermetically and slidably arranged in the protective cover 3, two steel plates (drawn in the figure but not marked, and can be seen from fig. 17) are fixedly arranged on the two filtering net 102, and a plurality of knocking plates 103 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protective cover 3.

When the motor 4 runs, the heat generated in the running process of the motor 4 can be conveniently dissipated through gaps between two sides of the protective cover 3 and two adjacent movable plates 106 in the running process of the vehicle body 1, and meanwhile, gas opposite to the running direction of the vehicle body 1 can enter the protective cover 3 from gaps between a plurality of movable plates 106 on the corresponding side of the protective cover 3, so that the motor 4 is subjected to heat dissipation treatment, and is dissipated from the other side of the protective cover 3 through airflow circulation, so that the stability of the motor 4 in long-time running, namely the driving stability of the vehicle body 1 caused by continuous running of the motor 4, can be ensured.

Meanwhile, through the filter screen 102, the air entering the inside of the protective cover 3 from the outside can be filtered, the dryness of the air blown to the surface of the motor 4 is ensured, meanwhile, if the running speed of the vehicle body 1 is too high, or the wind power of the environment where the vehicle body 1 is located is large, the impact force blown to the filter screen 102 from the air inlet side of the protective cover 3 is large, and is larger than the self-elasticity of the two opposite spring rods 101, at the moment, the impact force can drive the filter screen 102 and the corresponding two steel plates to move to one side until the two steel plates strike the corresponding two strike plates 103, the vibration force generated by the impact between the corresponding two strike plates 103 and the steel plates can act on the filter screen 102, at the moment, the vibration force can shake off the impurities filtered on the filter screen 102, so that the effect of filtering automatic cleaning can be realized, the effect and the efficiency of continuously filtering the air are ensured, and after the impact force of the wind power weakens, the corresponding two spring rods 101 can drive the filter screen 102 to move and reset, and the movement of the subsequent filter screen 102 is convenient for self cleaning.

Meanwhile, if the vehicle body 1 is used in a rainy day, the electric telescopic rod 104 can be started firstly, at this time, when the electric telescopic rod 104 operates, the driving frame 105 is driven to move upwards (as shown in fig. 17), and when the driving frame 105 moves upwards, two sliding ports (as can be seen from fig. 18) are formed in the driving frame 105, friction force between the driving frame 105 and the corresponding movable plates 106 can drive the movable plates 106 to rotate upwards anticlockwise by taking the driving frame as an axis until the movable plates 106 are inclined at a certain angle, at this time, external air still enters or flows out of the inside of the protective cover 3 corresponding to gaps between the movable plates 106, and continuously dissipates heat to the motor 4, but through the inclined angle between the corresponding movable plates 106 and the smaller gaps between the adjacent movable plates 106, rainwater around the protective cover 3 can be effectively intercepted, so that normal operation of the motor 4 inside the vehicle body 1 can be effectively ensured, namely, the driving stability of the motor 4 on a rainy day is ensured.

Further, the above-described fixed connection is to be understood in a broad sense, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise, as being, for example, welded, glued, or integrally formed, as is well known to those skilled in the art.

In the invention, when the vehicle body 1 is needed to be used, the motor 4 is started, the motor 4 runs, and when the rotating shaft 51 is driven to rotate, the vehicle body 1 can be driven to run through the cooperation of the rotating shaft 51, the power output assembly 5 and the transmission assembly 6, meanwhile, when the vehicle body 1 is in a climbing stage, the left pendulum 95 is under the action of self gravity and is matched with the driving mechanism (in the direction shown in fig. 15), the driving wheel 55 and the conical column 63 can be driven to move downwards (in the direction shown in fig. 10), in the process, the rotation speed of wheels on the vehicle body 1 can be automatically reduced according to the road gradient of the vehicle body 1, namely the inclination angle of the vehicle body, so that the vehicle torque is increased, enough climbing power is provided for the vehicle body 1, the running stability of the vehicle body 1 on an ascending road section is improved, and meanwhile, the transmission ratio of the motor 4 can be automatically increased in the stage, namely the running stability of the vehicle body 1 is reduced through the cooperation of the conical column 63 and the transmission assembly 6 is further improved in the climbing process.

When the vehicle body 1 is in a downhill stage, at this time, through the operation, the rotation speed of the wheels on the vehicle body 1 and the transmission ratio of the motor 4 can be adjusted according to the inclination angle of the vehicle body 1, so that convenience of operation of the vehicle body 1 by a driver can be further improved, and stability of the vehicle body 1 in a running process can be further improved, meanwhile, the running transmission ratio, namely the gear of the vehicle body 1 can be adjusted by matching the adjusting component 9 and the conical column 63, the continuity and suitability of the vehicle body 1 in gear shifting can be improved, the power output of the vehicle body 1 can be more stable, and the driving experience is better.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a motorcycle multi-gear variable speed driving structure, includes automobile body (1), rear axle main part (2) are installed to automobile body (1) lower extreme, fixed mounting has protection casing (3) on rear axle main part (2), fixed mounting has motor (4) on protection casing (3) inner wall, a serial communication port, be provided with power take off subassembly (5), drive assembly (6), regulation subassembly (9) in protection casing (3);

The power output assembly (5) comprises an adjusting rod (54) rotatably mounted on the inner side wall of the rear axle main body (2), and a speed regulating component for regulating the running speed of the vehicle body (1) is mounted on the adjusting rod (54);

The transmission assembly (6) comprises a rotating rod (61) rotatably mounted on the inner side wall of the rear axle main body (2), a conical column (63) is slidably mounted on the rotating rod (61), and a speed change mechanism for gear shifting is mounted between the conical column (63) and the rear axle main body (2);

The speed change mechanism comprises a round rod (64) rotatably mounted on the inner side wall of a rear axle main body (2), a support frame (65) is fixedly mounted on the round rod (64), annular evenly-distributed tooth blocks (67) are fixedly mounted on the support frame (65), annular evenly-distributed driving grooves (68) are formed in the conical columns (63), the driving grooves (68) are matched with the plurality of tooth blocks (67), and a force transmission component is mounted between the round rod (64) and the adjusting rod (54);

The adjusting component (9) comprises two round rollers (94) which are rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the rear axle main body (2), pendulum weights (95) are fixedly arranged on the two round rollers (94), and a driving mechanism is jointly arranged between the two round rollers (94) and the rear axle main body (2) and used for indirectly adjusting the driving gear of the vehicle body (1).

2. The multi-gear speed-changing driving structure of the motorcycle according to claim 1, wherein the speed regulating component comprises a driving wheel (55) fixedly installed on an adjusting rod (54), spring columns (56) which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape are penetrated and fixedly installed on the driving wheel (55), a rotating shaft (51) is fixedly installed at the driving end of the motor (4), a disc (52) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (51), a plurality of protruding blocks (53) are fixedly installed on the disc (52), and the protruding blocks (53) are matched with the plurality of spring columns (56).

3. A motorcycle multi-gear speed change driving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the force transmission part comprises a first rotating gear (57) fixedly arranged on an adjusting rod (54), and a second rotating gear (62) meshed with the first rotating gear (57) is fixedly arranged on the rotating rod (61);

The novel bicycle is characterized in that a spur gear (66) is fixedly installed on the round rod (64), two cylinders (69) are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the rear axle main body (2), a toothed cylinder (610) is fixedly installed between the two cylinders (69), the toothed cylinder (610) is meshed with the spur gear (66), a differential mechanism (7) is installed in the toothed cylinder (610), two wheel shafts (8) are installed on the differential mechanism (7), and one ends of the two wheel shafts (8) penetrate through and are rotatably installed on the toothed cylinder (610) and the rear axle main body (2).

4. The multi-gear speed-changing driving structure of a motorcycle according to claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism comprises threaded rods (96) fixedly installed on two round rollers (94) respectively, threads of the two threaded rods (96) are opposite in rotation direction, plate bodies (92) are fixedly installed on the driving wheel (55) and the conical column (63), the two plate bodies (92) are slidably installed on the adjusting rod (54) and the rotating rod (61) respectively, two spring telescopic rods (91) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rear axle main body (2), connecting pieces (93) are fixedly installed on one ends of the two spring telescopic rods (91), the two connecting pieces (93) are rotatably connected with the corresponding plate bodies (92), and pushing parts are jointly installed between the two threaded rods (96).

5. A motorcycle multi-speed variable speed drive structure according to claim 4, wherein said pushing member comprises sliding members (97) respectively screwed on two threaded rods (96), and two push rods (98) are fixedly mounted on both of said sliding members (97).

6. The multi-gear speed-changing driving structure of the motorcycle according to claim 1, wherein a heat dissipation assembly (10) is arranged in the protective cover (3), the heat dissipation assembly (10) comprises an electric telescopic rod (104) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the protective cover (3), a driving frame (105) is fixedly installed on the electric telescopic rod (104), two limit posts are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the protective cover (3), the driving frame (105) penetrates through and is slidably installed on the two limit posts, a plurality of movable plates (106) are rotatably installed on the side wall of the protective cover (3), the movable plates (106) are matched with the driving frame (105), and a filtering part is installed in the protective cover (3).

7. The multi-gear speed-changing driving structure of a motorcycle according to claim 6, wherein the filtering component comprises a plurality of groove bodies arranged in the protective cover (3), spring rods (101) are fixedly arranged on the groove bodies, sliding blocks are fixedly arranged on the spring rods (101), filter screens (102) are fixedly arranged between the two sliding blocks, the two filter screens (102) are fixedly arranged in the protective cover (3) in a sealing sliding mode, two steel plates are fixedly arranged on the two filter screens (102), and a plurality of knocking plates (103) are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protective cover (3).