CN120169827A - A two-roll rolling device with ultrasonic assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration - Google Patents
A two-roll rolling device with ultrasonic assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN120169827A CN120169827A CN202510630214.5A CN202510630214A CN120169827A CN 120169827 A CN120169827 A CN 120169827A CN 202510630214 A CN202510630214 A CN 202510630214A CN 120169827 A CN120169827 A CN 120169827A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B3/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency involving a change of amplitude
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
- B21B13/02—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged horizontally
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
- B21B13/02—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged horizontally
- B21B2013/021—Twin mills
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种超声辅助纵扭复合振动的二辊轧制装置，属于极薄带轧制技术领域。该装置通过超声纵扭振动装置与轧机的结合，利用超声振动有效降低材料变形抗力，改善表面粗糙度，细化晶粒，减少残余应力。装置包括轧机机架、超声纵扭振动装置、收卷装置、助卷装置和放卷装置。超声纵扭振动装置由变幅轧辊轴、连接轴、压电陶瓷、铜电极、后盖板和内六角螺栓组成，具有单激励和双激励两种形式。单激励装置采用四分之一波长圆锥形变幅杆，其锥面开设螺旋沟槽，可将纵向振动部分转化为扭转振动；双激励装置则通过两个对称设置的纵扭变幅杆协同增大扭转振动幅值。该装置结构紧凑，能量损耗小，加工精度高，适用于高精密极薄带材的生产。
The present invention relates to a two-roll rolling device with ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, which belongs to the technical field of ultra-thin strip rolling. The device combines an ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration device with a rolling mill, and utilizes ultrasonic vibration to effectively reduce the deformation resistance of the material, improve surface roughness, refine grains, and reduce residual stress. The device includes a rolling mill frame, an ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration device, a winding device, an auxiliary winding device, and an unwinding device. The ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration device is composed of a variable amplitude rolling roller shaft, a connecting shaft, piezoelectric ceramics, a copper electrode, a rear cover plate, and a hexagon socket bolt, and has two forms: single excitation and double excitation. The single excitation device adopts a quarter-wavelength conical amplitude rod, and a spiral groove is provided on its conical surface, which can convert the longitudinal vibration part into torsional vibration; the double excitation device uses two symmetrically arranged longitudinal-torsional amplitude rods to synergistically increase the torsional vibration amplitude. The device has a compact structure, low energy loss, high processing accuracy, and is suitable for the production of high-precision ultra-thin strips.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrathin strip rolling, in particular to a two-roll rolling device with ultrasonic auxiliary longitudinal-torsional compound vibration.
Background
The high-precision ultrathin strip is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, military nuclear power, high-end electronics, automobiles, household appliances, medical treatment, petrochemical industry and the like. A thin strip with the thickness of 0.05-0.1mm can be used for an electronic element key spring plate, a thin strip with the thickness of 0.1-0.6mm can be widely used for polishing mirror products, a thin strip with the thickness of 0.02-0.2mm can be widely used for a metal film material, a thin strip with the thickness of 0.02-0.5mm can be used for a USB interface material, a thin strip with the thickness of 0.12mm can be used for a diamond blade, and a thin strip with the thickness of 0.2mm can be used for a base material of a medical needle. These tip fields place higher demands on the strength, surface roughness, geometric accuracy, fatigue resistance, etc. of the desired materials.
At present, the high-precision ultrathin strip still faces a plurality of problems in the production process, such as large residual stress, uneven distribution, high surface roughness, obvious texture, larger average grain size and the like. The conventional rolling regulation and control means of the precise thin strip are difficult to solve, so that the exploration of a brand-new rolling regulation and control process has important significance. Research shows that the volume effect and the surface effect generated by the ultrasonic vibration energy field in the plastic forming process can change the microstructure of the material, thereby reducing the deformation resistance, effectively improving the work hardening phenomenon and improving the plastic deformation capability of the metal. In addition, high-frequency vibration generated by ultrasonic vibration can promote the concave-convex body on the surface of the workpiece to generate tangential deformation, so that the barrier of metal sliding is reduced, and the surface roughness value is reduced. Meanwhile, ultrasonic vibration is applied to the deformed metal, so that migration and proliferation of dislocation inside the crystal can be promoted, and grain refinement is achieved.
In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to invent a two-roll rolling device with ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional vibration to solve the problems of large surface roughness, large residual stress, large grain size and the like of the conventional thin strip in the rolling process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-roll rolling device with ultrasonic auxiliary longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, which aims to effectively solve the problems in the traditional ultrathin strip rolling process by constructing an ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional composite vibration field of a roll-strip system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a two-roll rolling device for ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional compound vibration, which comprises:
a rolling mill stand mounted on the rolling mill body;
The ultrasonic longitudinal torsion vibration device is arranged in the rolling mill frame and used for connecting the ultrasonic generation device and a roller shaft of the rolling mill, and comprises an amplitude-variable roller shaft, a connecting shaft, piezoelectric ceramics, a copper electrode, a rear cover plate and an inner hexagon bolt, wherein one end of the amplitude-variable roller shaft is provided with a stepped shaft, the other end of the amplitude-variable roller shaft is connected with a longitudinal torsion amplitude rod, the longitudinal torsion amplitude rod is a conical amplitude rod, the conical surface of the amplitude-variable rod is provided with a spiral groove, the length of the spiral groove is the same as that of the conical surface, and the rotation direction of the spiral groove is the same as that of the amplitude-variable roller shaft;
the winding device, the auxiliary winding device and the unwinding device are arranged at two sides of the rolling mill and are used for providing a strip to be rolled, guiding the strip to be transported and winding the rolled strip into coiled materials.
Furthermore, the connecting shaft is a stepped shaft, one end of the connecting shaft is in threaded connection with the longitudinal torsion amplitude rod, and the other end of the connecting shaft is coaxially assembled with the piezoelectric ceramics and the copper electrodes which are alternately stacked, and is pre-fastened and fixed with the rear cover plate through the inner hexagon bolt.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric ceramics are even pieces, the longitudinal polarization directions of two adjacent pieces of piezoelectric ceramics are opposite, and the piezoelectric ceramics are bonded through an adhesive to form a piezoelectric ceramic crystal stack.
Further, the ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device is a single-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device or a double-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device.
Furthermore, the single-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsion vibration device comprises a single-amplitude-variable roller shaft, wherein one end of the single-amplitude-variable roller shaft is designed into a stepped shaft, the other end of the single-amplitude-variable roller shaft is provided with a longitudinal torsion amplitude rod, the longitudinal torsion amplitude rod is a quarter-wavelength amplitude rod, and the input end area of the longitudinal torsion amplitude rod is larger than the output end area of the longitudinal torsion amplitude rod so as to realize energy aggregation.
Further, the double-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsion vibration device comprises a double-amplitude-variable roller shaft, the double-amplitude-variable roller shaft comprises two longitudinal torsion amplitude-variable rods which are symmetrically arranged, and spiral grooves of the two amplitude-variable rods are opposite in rotation direction so as to cooperatively increase torsional vibration amplitude.
Further, the height h, the width b, the helix angle theta and the conical surface radii R and R of the spiral grooves are adjusted according to production requirements so as to achieve different longitudinal torsion vibration amplitudes.
Further, the helix angle of the spiral groove is 45 degrees, and four spiral grooves are uniformly formed along the conical surface.
Further, a pressing device is arranged above the rolling mill stand, and a supporting mechanism is arranged on the side face of the pressing device.
Further, the ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration two-roll rolling device further comprises a controller and an electrical cabinet, wherein the controller and the electrical cabinet are arranged on the rolling mill body, the controller is used for tension control and parameter adjustment, and the electrical cabinet is used for providing power supply.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a two-roll rolling device for ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, which realizes high-precision ultrathin strip longitudinal-torsional composite vibration rolling by combining an ultrasonic generating device with a rolling mill. The "volume effect" and "surface effect" of the ultrasonic vibration energy field during plastic forming play an important role.
The volume effect can reduce the flow stress in the material, reduce the deformation resistance of the material and improve the plastic deformation capability of the metal. Meanwhile, the acoustic softening effect in the volume effect can promote the micro-convex body on the surface of the material to deform, so that the surface quality of the high-precision ultrathin belt is improved, and the surface roughness is improved.
The "surface effect" of the ultrasonic vibration field can cause the frictional force between the roll and the high-precision ultrathin belt to change periodically, thereby reducing the sliding frictional force between the roll and the ultrathin belt. In addition, after the ultrasonic vibration energy field is subjected to severe plastic deformation on the surface of the material, grain refinement can be realized, and residual stress distribution can be counteracted or reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional compound vibration two-roll rolling device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a single-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device in the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic view of a single-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device in the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of a single-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device of the apparatus of the present invention at the time of assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a dual-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device in the device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded schematic view of a dual-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device in the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a spiral groove of a conical horn in the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a spiral groove of a conical horn in an apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a rolling mill body, 2, a rolling mill stand, 201, a shaft sleeve, 202, a rolling bearing, 203, a shaft collar, 204, a bearing support, 205, a bearing end cover, a 3, an ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device, 31, a single excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device, 32, a double excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device, 301, a single variable amplitude roll shaft, 302, a double variable amplitude roll shaft, 303, a connecting shaft, 304, piezoelectric ceramics, 305, a copper electrode, 306, a rear cover plate, 307, an inner hexagon bolt, 311, a key slot, 312, a roller, 313, a longitudinal variable amplitude rod, 314, a threaded rod, 315, a threaded hole, 4, a pressing device, 5, a supporting mechanism, 6, a rolling mill driving mechanism, 7, a universal coupling, 8, a controller, 9, an electrical cabinet, 11, a rolling device, 12, a rolling assisting device and 13, a unreeling device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the invention provides an ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration two-roll rolling device, which comprises a rolling mill arranged on a rolling mill body 1, an ultrasonic generating device, a rolling mill frame 2, an ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration device 3, a rolling mill driving mechanism 6, a controller 8 and an electrical cabinet 9, and a rolling device 11, a rolling assisting device 12 and an unreeling device 13 which are rotated on the rolling mill body 1. An ultrasonic longitudinal torsion vibration device 3 is arranged in the rolling mill stand 2, and the ultrasonic longitudinal torsion vibration device 3 is used for connecting an ultrasonic generation device and a roller shaft of the rolling mill to realize the combination of the ultrasonic generation device and the rolling mill. The rolling mill comprises a rolling mill frame 2, wherein a pressing device 4 for matching and adjusting an ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 3 is arranged above the rolling mill frame 2, a supporting mechanism 5 is arranged on the side face of the pressing device, the pressing device 4 is arranged above the rolling mill and is used for controlling the magnitude of rolling pressing force, and the rolling force applied in the rolling process can meet the rolling requirement of an ultrathin strip through adjusting the contact pressure between a roller 312 and a rolled material. The main function of the support mechanism 5 is to provide stable mechanical support for the roller 312 system. During rolling, the roller 312 needs to bear large rolling force and vibration load, and the supporting device can ensure that the roller 312 keeps correct position and posture during working, so as to avoid deformation or damage caused by uneven stress or vibration. Because of the extremely thin strip having extremely high thickness uniformity and surface quality requirements, the support device is capable of effectively reducing radial and axial runout of the rolls 312, thereby improving rolling accuracy.
In the above embodiments, the rolling mill is a physical platform for the entire rolling process that carries and holds the roller 312 system, providing the necessary mechanical support and structural framework for the rolling process. The design of the rolling mill needs to be sufficiently rigid to withstand the high pressures and high frequency vibrations generated during rolling. It will be appreciated that the rolling mill is equipped with various adjustment devices (e.g. the hold-down device 4, the support mechanism 5, etc. of the present embodiment) for precisely controlling the parameters of the roll 312 gap, the rolling force, the rolling speed, etc. to meet the requirements of different rolling processes. These conditioning functions are critical for producing very thin strips of high quality.
In the above embodiment, the main function of the mill drive mechanism 6 is to power the mill and drive the rolls 312 to rotate, and the mill drive mechanism 6 transmits the torque of the motor to the roll shafts via the universal joint 7. The rolling mill drive 6 is typically comprised of a motor, a speed reducer and a transmission system capable of transmitting the rotational motion of the motor to the rolls 312. The rolling mill drive mechanism 6 in this embodiment may employ conventional drive means of the prior art, typically including an efficient motor and transmission system. In the ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional composite vibration rolling process, the driving mechanism needs to ensure stable transmission of torque and is compatible with the vibration characteristics of an ultrasonic generating device.
In the above embodiment, the controller 8 is used as a control system of the whole device, and is responsible for coordinating the operation of each component, controlling the tension and adjusting parameters, realizing fault monitoring and alarming, ensuring the automation and intellectualization of the rolling process, one of the main functions is to control the tension of the rolling device 11 and the unreeling device 13, and simultaneously coordinate the operation of the whole rolling system, and the electrical cabinet 9 provides stable power supply for the rolling mill driving device, the ultrasonic generating device, the controller 8 and other auxiliary devices, protects the devices from the influence of power faults, and simultaneously provides driving and controlling functions for the motor and the ultrasonic generating device, and ensures the normal operation of the system. The controller 8 and the electrical cabinet 9 may be implemented by using a mature method in the prior art, which is not described herein.
In the above embodiment, the winding device 11, the auxiliary winding device 12 and the unwinding device 13 are arranged on both sides of the rolling mill, and the rolling centers of the three are required to be on a horizontal center. The rolling device 11 is the end point of the rolling process and has the main function of rewinding the rolled strip into a coil, facilitating the subsequent processing or storage. The winding assisting device 12 applies certain pressure or tension to the strip material to guide the strip material to be accurately transmitted, so that deviation or clamping is avoided, and smooth running of the rolling process is ensured. The unreeling device 13 unwinds the strip to be rolled smoothly from the coil, providing a continuous raw material input for the rolling process.
The ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 3 can adopt a single-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 31 or a double-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 32.
In a specific embodiment, the ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 3 adopts a single-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 31, and as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the single-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 31 comprises a single-variable-amplitude roll shaft 301, a connecting shaft 303, a piezoelectric ceramic 304, a copper electrode 305, a rear cover plate 306 and an inner hexagon bolt 307.
One end of the single variable-width roll shaft 301 is designed into a stepped shaft, a shaft sleeve 201, a rolling bearing 202, a shaft collar 203, a bearing support 204 and a bearing end cover 205 are arranged on the stepped shaft, parts on the stepped shaft are coaxially matched, the position for installing the rolling bearing 202 is the same as that of a connecting shaft 303 described below, the position is designed into a node, vibration of the position is zero, the function of supporting rigidity is achieved, a key groove 311 is formed in the end part of the stepped shaft, the stepped shaft is connected with a universal coupling 7 through a key, a roll 312 is designed on the other side of the stepped shaft, the roll 312 is cylindrical, and the main function is that a high-precision ultrathin belt is subjected to continuous plastic deformation.
The other end of the single-amplitude-variable roller shaft 301 is a longitudinal-amplitude-variable rod 313, a conical amplitude-variable rod is adopted, the appearance is in a cone shape, the cone surface is provided with a spiral groove, the length of the spiral groove is the same as that of the cone surface, the rotation direction design of the spiral groove is the same as that of the amplitude-variable roller shaft, the large end of the cone surface is designed with a threaded rod 314, the whole connecting shaft 303 is designed into a stepped shaft, the installation of parts on the shaft is the same as that of the stepped shaft at one end of the amplitude-variable roller shaft, the coaxial assembly is required, the shaft body is milled with an end surface for bolt pre-tightening, the position of the shaft shoulder provided with a rolling bearing 202 is still designed as a node, the threaded hole 315 at one end of the connecting shaft 303 is in threaded fit with the threaded rod 314 at the large end of the cone surface of the longitudinal-variable-amplitude rod 313, the other end screw hole 315 is coaxially matched with the piezoelectric ceramics 304 and the copper electrodes 305, one piezoelectric ceramic 304 and one copper electrode 305 are required to be assembled alternately and concentrically, longitudinal polarization directions of two adjacent piezoelectric ceramics 304 are opposite, the piezoelectric ceramics 304 are bonded through a special adhesive after being purified and are subjected to aging treatment, the rear cover plate 306 is further assembled concentrically with the piezoelectric ceramics 304, the connecting shaft 303, the piezoelectric ceramics 304, the copper electrodes 305 and the rear cover plate 306 are connected through the inner hexagon bolts 307, and tight fit among the piezoelectric ceramics 304, the copper electrodes 305 and the connecting shaft 303 is required to be ensured during assembly.
The horn is divided into two main types according to the functions of the horn, namely a half-wavelength horn and a quarter-wavelength horn, and compared with the half-wavelength horn, the quarter-wavelength horn has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, light weight and high energy conversion efficiency. The shape of the common amplitude transformer is in five shapes of ladder type, conical type, exponential type, catenary type and Fourier type, the invention adopts the conical amplitude transformer, the appearance is in a cone shape, the large end of the conical surface is designed with a threaded rod 314, the threaded rod can be matched with the threads of the connecting shaft 303, the area of the ultrasonic input end (large end of the conical surface) is larger than that of the output end (small end of the conical surface), and the purpose is that vibration energy can be gathered on a smaller area in the ultrasonic transmission process, so as to play a role in energy gathering. The conical surface of the amplitude transformer is provided with a spiral groove, and the rotation direction of the spiral groove is the same as the rotation direction of the single amplitude transformer roller shaft 301. In the rolling process, the ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional composite vibration can be more effectively applied to the precise ultrathin belt, and the energy loss is reduced. The length of the spiral groove is the same as that of the conical surface, and the spiral groove structure is designed on the conical section by converting the longitudinal vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic crystal pile polarized in the radial direction into torsional vibration, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, and the geometric structure of the conical section consists of an outer slotting part and an inner solid part. The force on any section is also composed of two parts, i.e. f=f A +FB , where the size of F A and F B is affected by the groove depth h, h=rr,It can be seen that as the slot height h increases, F B increases monotonically. The force F A on the inner solid section is constant in direction while the force F B on the outer slotted section is varied in direction along the slot, at an angle θ to F. In turn, F B can be decomposed into a longitudinal component F BL=FB cos (θ) and a tangential component F BT=FB sin (θ). The longitudinal force on the cross section is thus F L =FA +FB cos (θ) and the tangential force is F T=FB sin (θ). Longitudinal force F L produces a longitudinal vibration mode, while transverse force F T produces a torsional vibration mode with a cross-sectional torque of:
In summary, the torque ultimately transmitted by an ultrasonic horn is related to the height h, width b, and helix angle θ (the helix angle of the present invention is 45 °, four helical grooves are open) of the helical groove, and the cone radii R and R.
In a specific embodiment, the connecting shaft 303 is designed as a stepped shaft, two ends of the connecting shaft are provided with threaded holes 315, coaxial restraint is required, one end of the connecting shaft is in threaded fit with the single variable width roller shaft 301, and the other end of the connecting shaft 315 is in threaded fit with the hexagon socket head cap screw 307. The end face for pre-tightening the bolt is milled on the shaft body, the shaft shoulder is designed on the right side of the end face, besides the function of positioning the rolling bearing 202, the position is designed as a node, the vibration displacement at the node position is always zero and kept still, the influence of ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration on the roller shaft is reduced, and the maximum amplitude is generated.
In a specific embodiment, the piezoelectric ceramics 304 are preferably polarized transceiver-type high-power piezoelectric ceramics with high electromechanical conversion efficiency and high mechanical quality factor, the piezoelectric ceramics 304 are perforated at the axial center, the diameter of the through holes is the same as that of the threaded holes 315 at one end of the connecting shaft 303, the number of the through holes is preferably even (six piezoelectric ceramics 304 polarized at the end face are selected in the embodiment of the invention), the longitudinal polarization directions of the two adjacent piezoelectric ceramics 304 are opposite, and after purification, the two piezoelectric ceramics are bonded by a special adhesive and subjected to aging treatment. The thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic 304 is an important factor influencing the vibration effect, if the thickness is too thin, vibration is easily generated after excitation, energy loss is generated in the ultrasonic propagation process, and if the thickness is too thick, vibration is not easily generated after excitation, so that it is very important to reasonably select the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic 304.
In one embodiment, the copper electrode 305 is perforated at the axial center, and the diameter of the through hole is the same as that of the piezoelectric ceramic 304, so as to be combined with the piezoelectric ceramic 304, and the number of the through holes is the same as that of the piezoelectric ceramic 304, so that the piezoelectric ceramic element is excited by conducting high-frequency current to generate electrostrictive effect. This effect causes the material to vibrate microscopically, which in turn creates macroscopic ultrasonic vibrations through mechanical resonance amplification.
In one embodiment, the rear cover 306 is provided to prevent the energy generated by the piezoelectric ceramic stack from radiating out from the socket head cap screw 307, resulting in a large amount of energy loss, and also to assist the heat dissipation of the piezoelectric ceramic 304, the rear cover 306 is provided with a through hole at the axial center, the diameter of the through hole is the same as that of the through holes of the piezoelectric ceramic 304 and the copper electrode 305, and the three are tightly matched with the socket head cap screw 307 through the concentric axis.
In a specific embodiment, the socket head cap screw 307 clamps the piezoelectric ceramic 304 and the copper electrode 305 between the rear cover plate 306 and the connecting shaft 303 through pre-tightening, and applies a certain pre-stress to the piezoelectric ceramic 304, so as to reduce the vibration tension and resonance frequency between the connecting shaft 303 and the piezoelectric ceramic 304, the copper electrode 305 and the rear cover plate 306, increase the mechanical strength, and prevent the piezoelectric ceramic 304 from fatigue fracture.
In another specific embodiment, the ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 3 adopts a dual-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 32, and as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the dual-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 32 comprises a dual-amplitude roller shaft 302, two connecting shafts 303, a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics 304, a plurality of copper electrodes 305, two rear cover plates 306 and inner hexagon bolts 307. The design and principle function of the other components are the same as the single excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration device 31 described above, except for the double luffing roll shaft 302. The double-amplitude-variable roll shaft 302 mainly consists of a roll 312 and a double amplitude-variable rod, the design of the roll 312 is the same as that of the roll 312, the amplitude-variable part is different from that of the roll 312, two longitudinal torsion amplitude rods 313 are symmetrically designed, the spiral grooves of the two longitudinal torsion amplitude rods are opposite in rotation direction, and the purpose of the double amplitude-variable rod is to keep the same rotation direction of ultrasonic longitudinal torsion vibration of the double amplitude-variable rod as that of the double amplitude-variable rod in the process of driving the device to rotate by the rolling mill driving mechanism 6, so that energy loss is reduced, heating phenomenon is reduced, and machining efficiency is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least discloses the following beneficial effects:
The invention provides a processing composite technology combining an ultrasonic vibration energy field and precise ultrathin strip rolling, which can solve the problems encountered in the traditional ultrathin strip rolling technology process;
The ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibration rolling device designed by the invention can generate torsional vibration along the direction of the spiral groove and vibration along the axial direction of the amplitude varying rod, so that the longitudinal torsional coupling ultrasonic vibration of the roller tool head is realized;
The spiral groove structure designed on the conical amplitude transformer section can be suitable for longitudinal torsion vibration amplitude values required in different production by reasonably changing the factors of the height h, the width b, the spiral angle theta, the conical surface radius R and R and the like of the spiral groove;
The invention designs a double-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal torsion vibration device, wherein two groups of longitudinal torsion amplitude rods with spiral grooves and opposite rotation directions are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a roller tool head. The two groups of amplitude transformers cooperatively output torsional vibration, so that the torsional ultrasonic vibration amplitude of the circumferential direction of the roller can be obviously increased.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibrating two-roll rolling device, comprising:
a rolling mill stand (2) mounted on the rolling mill body (1);
The ultrasonic longitudinal torsion vibration device (3) is arranged in the rolling mill stand (2) and is used for connecting an ultrasonic generation device and a roller shaft of the rolling mill, the ultrasonic longitudinal torsion vibration device (3) comprises an amplitude changing roller shaft, a connecting shaft (303), piezoelectric ceramics (304), a copper electrode (305), a rear cover plate (306) and an inner hexagon bolt (307), one end of the amplitude changing roller shaft is provided with a stepped shaft, the other end of the amplitude changing roller shaft is connected with a longitudinal torsion amplitude rod (313), the amplitude changing rod (313) is a conical amplitude rod, a spiral groove is formed in the conical surface of the amplitude changing rod, the length of the spiral groove is identical to that of the conical surface, and the rotation direction of the spiral groove is identical to that of the amplitude changing roller shaft;
the winding device (11), the winding assisting device (12) and the unwinding device (13) are arranged on two sides of the rolling mill and are used for providing a strip to be rolled, guiding the strip to be rolled to be transported and winding the rolled strip into coiled materials.
2. The ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration two-roll manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting shaft (303) is a stepped shaft, one end of which is in threaded connection with a longitudinal-torsional amplitude rod (313), and the other end of which is assembled coaxially with the alternately stacked piezoelectric ceramics (304) and copper electrodes (305) and is pre-fastened and fixed with the back cover plate (306) by means of an inner hexagon bolt (307).
3. The ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration two-roll manufacturing device according to claim 2, wherein the piezoelectric ceramics (304) are an even number of pieces, longitudinal polarization directions of two adjacent pieces of piezoelectric ceramics (304) are opposite, and piezoelectric ceramic crystal stacks are formed by bonding with an adhesive.
4. The two-roll rolling device for ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional compound vibration according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration device (3) is a single-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration device (31) or a double-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration device (32).
5. The ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration two-roll manufacturing device according to claim 4, wherein the single-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration device (31) comprises a single-amplitude-variable roll shaft (301), one end of the single-amplitude-variable roll shaft (301) is designed to be a stepped shaft, the other end of the single-amplitude-variable roll shaft is designed to be a longitudinal-torsion amplitude rod (313), and the longitudinal-torsion amplitude rod (313) is a quarter-wavelength amplitude rod, and the input end area of the longitudinal-torsion amplitude rod is larger than the output end area of the longitudinal-torsion amplitude rod to realize energy accumulation.
6. The ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional compound vibration two-roll mill apparatus of claim 4 wherein the dual-excitation ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration device (32) comprises a dual-horn roll shaft (302), the dual-horn roll shaft (302) comprising two symmetrically disposed longitudinal-torsional horns (313) with helical grooves of the horns having opposite rotational directions to cooperatively increase torsional vibration amplitude.
7. The ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration two-roll rolling device according to claim 1, wherein the height h, the width b, the helix angle θ and the cone radii R and R of the spiral grooves are adjusted according to production requirements to achieve different longitudinal-torsional vibration amplitudes.
8. The ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibration two-roll rolling device according to claim 7, wherein the helix angle of the spiral grooves is 45 degrees, and four spiral grooves are uniformly formed along the conical surface.
9. The ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibrating two-roll rolling device according to claim 1, wherein a pressing device (4) is arranged above the rolling mill stand (2), and a supporting mechanism (5) is arranged on the side face of the rolling mill stand.
10. The ultrasonic-assisted longitudinal-torsional composite vibrating two-roll rolling device according to claim 1, further comprising a controller (8) and an electrical cabinet (9) provided on the rolling mill body (1), the controller (8) being used for tension control and parameter adjustment, the electrical cabinet (9) providing an electrical power supply.
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