CN120101652B - An absolute grating displacement sensor - Google Patents
An absolute grating displacement sensorInfo
- Publication number
- CN120101652B CN120101652B CN202510586305.3A CN202510586305A CN120101652B CN 120101652 B CN120101652 B CN 120101652B CN 202510586305 A CN202510586305 A CN 202510586305A CN 120101652 B CN120101652 B CN 120101652B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
- G01D5/34707—Scales; Discs, e.g. fixation, fabrication, compensation
- G01D5/34715—Scale reading or illumination devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/36—Forming the light into pulses
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric measurement and relates to an absolute grating displacement sensor, wherein a communication module judges whether to switch between a special protocol and a general protocol according to a received pulse group, when the pulse group received by the communication module is an A pulse group, a position information calculation module transmits position information to subsequent electronic equipment through the special protocol, when the pulse group received by the communication module is a B pulse group, external electronic equipment interacts parameter information and configuration information with a coding signal extraction module and a position information calculation module through the general protocol, the A pulse group and the B pulse group respectively comprise a front-end level, a middle pulse group and a rear-end level, and the pulse numbers in the middle pulse groups of the A pulse group and the B pulse group are different. The invention can be used for transmitting the position information and parameter configuration, thereby simplifying the working procedure, reducing the hardware cost and improving the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an absolute grating displacement sensor, and belongs to the technical field of photoelectric measurement.
Background
An absolute grating displacement sensor is a position measuring device, which generally consists of a main grating and a reading head. The main grating is scored with a code containing position information, and the reading head obtains the position information through reading and resolving the position code and then transmits the position information to subsequent electronic equipment (such as a control system in a numerical control machine tool).
The general control system requires that the absolute grating displacement sensor communicate positional information via a proprietary protocol, such as kenafida, mitsubishi, sonchus, an Chuan, etc., which is not compatible with each manufacturer.
In addition, the absolute grating displacement sensor is required to set various parameters before delivery, including led brightness, special protocol type, sensor consistency adjustment parameters, signal amplification gain, product serial number and the like.
At present, after the electric parts of the absolute grating displacement sensor are assembled in the production process, a special internal interface is used for configuring the parameters, and then a mechanical cover is added. This approach is inconvenient to operate and requires re-opening of the mechanical lid operation if parameter configuration needs to be changed later, increasing time costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an absolute grating displacement sensor which can realize switching between a special protocol and a general protocol and is convenient for changing parameter configuration.
In order to solve the technical problems, the absolute grating displacement sensor comprises a main grating and a reading head, wherein the reading head comprises a coded signal extraction module, a position information resolving module and a communication module, and is characterized in that the communication module judges whether to switch between a special protocol and a general protocol according to a received pulse group, when the pulse group received by the communication module is an A pulse group, the position information resolving module transmits position information to subsequent electronic equipment through the special protocol, when the pulse group received by the communication module is a B pulse group, the external electronic equipment interacts parameter information and configuration information with the coded signal extraction module, the position information resolving module through the general protocol, the A pulse group and the B pulse group comprise front-end level, middle pulse group and rear-end level, and the pulse numbers in the middle pulse groups of the A pulse group and the B pulse group are different.
The front-end level and back-end level time limits t T≥2tZ,tZ are single communication times of the special protocol.
The time limit t T of the front-end level and the back-end level is more than or equal to 1ms.
The time limit t M of the high level and the low level in the middle pulse group is 10us plus or minus 0.5us.
In the A pulse group, the middle pulse group comprises two groups of pulses, and in the B pulse group, the middle pulse group comprises three groups of pulses.
The front end level of the pulse group A is low level, the middle pulse group A is sequentially high level, low level, high level and low level, the rear end level is high level, the front end level of the pulse group B is low level, the middle pulse group A is sequentially high level, low level, high level and low level, and the rear end level is high level.
The protocol switching method of the communication module comprises the following steps:
Step one, in the current communication mode, if the duration of the received low-level signal exceeds 1ms, step two is carried out, otherwise, the current communication mode is maintained;
step two, if the duration of the received high-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step three, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
Step three, if the duration of the received low-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step four, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
Step four, if the duration of the received high-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step five, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
step five, if the duration of the received low-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step six, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
Step six, if the duration of the received high-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, performing step eight, otherwise, performing step seven;
Step seven, if the duration of the received high-level signal exceeds 1ms, switching to the interaction parameter information and configuration information of the external electronic equipment and the coded signal extraction module and the position information calculation module through a general protocol, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
step eight, if the duration of the received low-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, step nine is carried out, otherwise, the current communication mode is maintained;
And step nine, switching to a position information resolving module to transmit the position information to subsequent electronic equipment through a special protocol if the duration of the received high-level signal exceeds 1ms, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode.
The front end level of the pulse group A can be high level, the middle pulse group is low level, high level, low level and high level in sequence, the rear end level is low level, the front end level of the pulse group B is high level, the middle pulse group is low level, high level, low level and high level in sequence, and the rear end level is low level.
In the A pulse group, the middle pulse group can also comprise three groups of pulses, and in the B pulse group, the middle pulse group comprises two groups of pulses.
The absolute grating displacement sensor has the advantages that 1, the absolute grating displacement sensor can be used for transmitting position information and parameter configuration, so that procedures are simplified, hardware cost is reduced, production efficiency is improved, 2, switching between a special protocol and a general protocol is achieved through receiving a special pulse group, compatibility of the absolute grating displacement sensor is high, independent development of any special protocol is not needed, 3, the general protocol can adopt protocols such as UART and SPI, most single-chip computers comprise the modules and can be directly called, and the absolute grating displacement sensor has the advantages of being short in development period and convenient to use.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse set for proprietary protocol to generic protocol conversion.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a B-burst set for conversion of a generic protocol to a proprietary protocol.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a communication module protocol conversion method.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it being understood that the specific examples described herein are intended to illustrate the invention only and are not intended to be limiting. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in detail by those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below", "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being "directly under" and obliquely below "the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and are not meant to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.
The absolute grating displacement sensor comprises a main grating and a reading head, wherein a position code containing position information is scored on the main grating, the reading head comprises a code signal extraction module, a position information resolving module and a communication module, the code signal extraction module is used for reading the position code, the position information resolving module is used for resolving the position code to obtain the position information, the communication module judges whether protocol conversion is carried out according to a pulse group transmitted by external electronic equipment, when the pulse group is an A pulse group, the external electronic equipment interacts parameter information and configuration information with the code signal extraction module and the position information resolving module through a general protocol, and when the pulse group is a B pulse group, the position information resolving module is selected to transmit the position information to subsequent electronic equipment through a special protocol. The external electronic device can be an electronic element such as a singlechip or an FPGA capable of generating pulses.
The special protocol is defined for a control system and can be an absolute grating displacement sensor communication protocol of Fanac, mitsubishi, songshi, siemens and the like, the general protocol is a UART serial port protocol, the baud rate is 115200, and the single communication length is 8 bits. The UART serial port protocol has hardware support in most single chip microcomputer and can be directly called.
As shown in fig. 2, the a pulse group used for converting the special protocol into the general protocol comprises a front-end level, a middle pulse group and a back-end level, wherein in the special protocol of the absolute grating displacement sensor of the family of Fanac, mitsubishi, ping-Pong, siemens and the like, the single communication time is the longest of t Z =70 us, so the time limit t T≥2tZ,tT of the front-end level and the back-end level is generally not more than 10ms, the time limit t T =1 ms is selected in the embodiment, and the time limit t M of the high level and the low level of the middle pulse group is 10us plus or minus 0.5us.
The A pulse group can select the front end level as the low level, the middle pulse group comprises two groups of pulses which are sequentially high level, low level, high level and low level, the rear end level is high level, the A pulse group can also select the front end level as the high level, the middle pulse group is sequentially low level, high level, low level and high level, and the rear end level is low level.
When the duration of the front-end level and the back-end level of the received pulse group exceeds 1ms and the duration of the high level and the low level of the middle two groups is within 10us plus or minus 0.5us, switching to the external electronic equipment to interact parameter information and configuration information with the coded signal extraction module and the position information calculation module through a general protocol, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode.
As shown in fig. 3, the B pulse group for converting the general protocol into the special protocol includes a front end level, a middle pulse group and a back end level, the time periods t T≥2tZ of the front end level and the back end level are selected to be t T =1 ms, the middle pulse group includes three groups of pulses, and the time periods t M of the high level and the low level of the three groups of pulses are both selected to be 10us±0.5us.
The front end level of the B pulse group is low level, the middle three groups of pulses are high level, low level, high level and low level in sequence, and the rear end level is high level, and the front end level of the B pulse group is high level, the middle three groups of pulses are low level, high level, low level and high level in sequence, and the rear end level is low level, corresponding to the first selection mode of the A pulse group.
Taking the first alternative as an example, when the duration of the front-end level and the back-end level of the received pulse group exceeds 1ms and the duration of the high level and the low level of the middle three groups of pulses is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, the position information is transferred to the subsequent electronic equipment by the position information resolving module through a special protocol, and otherwise, the current communication mode is maintained.
As shown in fig. 4, the communication module protocol switching method is as follows:
Step one, in the current communication mode, if the duration of the received low-level signal exceeds 1ms, step two is carried out, otherwise, the current communication mode is maintained;
step two, if the duration of the received high-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step three, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
Step three, if the duration of the received low-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step four, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
Step four, if the duration of the received high-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step five, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
step five, if the duration of the received low-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step six, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
Step six, if the duration of the received high-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, performing step eight, otherwise, performing step seven;
Step seven, if the duration of the received high-level signal exceeds 1ms, switching to the interaction parameter information and configuration information of the external electronic equipment and the coded signal extraction module and the position information calculation module through a general protocol, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
step eight, if the duration of the received low-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, step nine is carried out, otherwise, the current communication mode is maintained;
And step nine, switching to a position information resolving module to transmit the position information to subsequent electronic equipment through a special protocol if the duration of the received high-level signal exceeds 1ms, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode.
In order to meet the speed requirement of the control system, the communication frequency of the special protocol for transmitting the position information is higher than 100KHz, so that the pulse group converted from the special protocol to the general protocol and the pulse group converted from the general protocol to the special protocol are not confused with the special protocol.
The pulse group of the special protocol to general protocol conversion and the pulse group of the general protocol to special protocol conversion are not limited to the above-described forms as long as the number of pulses in the intermediate pulse group is not the same.
Claims (8)
1. An absolute grating displacement sensor comprises a main grating and a reading head, wherein the reading head comprises a coding signal extraction module, a position information resolving module and a communication module, and is characterized in that the communication module judges whether to switch between a special protocol and a general protocol according to a received pulse group, when the pulse group received by the communication module is an A pulse group, external electronic equipment interacts parameter information and configuration information with the coding signal extraction module and the position information resolving module through the general protocol, when the pulse group received by the communication module is a B pulse group, the position information resolving module transmits the position information to subsequent electronic equipment through the special protocol, and the A pulse group and the B pulse group comprise front-end level, middle pulse group and rear-end level, and the pulse numbers in the middle pulse group of the A pulse group and the B pulse group are different.
2. The absolute grating displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein the front-end level and back-end level time limits t T≥2tZ,tZ are single communication times of a dedicated protocol.
3. The absolute grating displacement sensor of claim 2, wherein the front-end level and back-end level time limits t T are greater than or equal to 1ms.
4. The absolute grating displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein the time period t M of the high and low levels in the intermediate pulse group is 10us ± 0.5us.
5. The absolute grating displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein the group of pulses a comprises two groups of pulses and the group of pulses B comprises three groups of pulses.
6. The absolute grating displacement sensor of claim 5, wherein the front level of the group of pulses A is low, the middle group of pulses A is sequentially high, low, and the back level is high, the front level of the group of pulses B is low, and the middle group of pulses A is sequentially high, low, and the back level is high.
7. The absolute grating displacement sensor according to claim 6, wherein the communication module protocol switching method is as follows:
Step one, in the current communication mode, if the duration of the received low-level signal exceeds 1ms, step two is carried out, otherwise, the current communication mode is maintained;
step two, if the duration of the received high-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step three, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
Step three, if the duration of the received low-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step four, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
Step four, if the duration of the received high-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step five, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
step five, if the duration of the received low-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, carrying out step six, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
Step six, if the duration of the received high-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, performing step eight, otherwise, performing step seven;
Step seven, if the duration of the received high-level signal exceeds 1ms, switching to the interaction parameter information and configuration information of the external electronic equipment and the coded signal extraction module and the position information calculation module through a general protocol, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode;
step eight, if the duration of the received low-level signal is within the range of 10us plus or minus 0.5us, step nine is carried out, otherwise, the current communication mode is maintained;
And step nine, switching to a position information resolving module to transmit the position information to subsequent electronic equipment through a special protocol if the duration of the received high-level signal exceeds 1ms, otherwise, maintaining the current communication mode.
8. The absolute grating displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein the group of pulses a comprises three groups of pulses and the group of pulses B comprises two groups of pulses.
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| CN105547149B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-10-16 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Absolute grating scale information interaction system and method |
| CN105676685B (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2018-06-15 | 深圳市雷赛软件技术有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and encoder frequency divider for feeding back the initial absolute position of motor |
| CN108362208B (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2024-04-05 | 广州数控设备有限公司 | Pseudo-random code channel grating ruler and reading method thereof |
| CN208433973U (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-25 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空精密机械研究所 | The acquisition of single reading head data and how main reception device based on BiSS C agreement |
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| CN116737623A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-09-12 | 上海艾为电子技术股份有限公司 | Communication protocol switching method, chip and electronic equipment |
| CN119248684A (en) * | 2024-09-18 | 2025-01-03 | 极思芯微电子(广东)有限公司 | Two-wire authentication chip |
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