CN120076856A - Self-supporting panel for simulated moving bed separation - Google Patents
Self-supporting panel for simulated moving bed separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN120076856A CN120076856A CN202380072243.3A CN202380072243A CN120076856A CN 120076856 A CN120076856 A CN 120076856A CN 202380072243 A CN202380072243 A CN 202380072243A CN 120076856 A CN120076856 A CN 120076856A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/10—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
- B01D15/18—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to flow patterns
- B01D15/1814—Recycling of the fraction to be distributed
- B01D15/1821—Simulated moving beds
- B01D15/1842—Simulated moving beds characterised by apparatus features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/12—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers
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Abstract
一种模拟移动床SMB分离塔/工艺包括/使用壳(1)，该壳包括通过多个板分离的多个吸附剂床，每个板包括被称为自支撑嵌板的多个嵌板(6)，每个嵌板(6)包括在多个侧上的金属框架(7)，其中，金属框架(7)在第一侧(13)上由壳支撑，并且在第二侧(14)上由以下各者支撑：主梁(3)，其沿直径设置在壳(1)中；和/或壳(1)或设置在壳(1)中的中心桅杆(5)，其中，金属框架(7)包括将第一侧(13)连接到第二侧(14)的至少一个第三侧(15)，并且其中，所述至少一个第三侧(15)具有适合于提供嵌板的机械强度的高度(H)和厚度。
A simulated moving bed (SMB) separation column/process comprises/uses a shell (1) comprising a plurality of adsorbent beds separated by a plurality of plates, each plate comprising a plurality of panels (6) referred to as self-supporting panels, each panel (6) comprising a metal frame (7) on a plurality of sides, wherein the metal frame (7) is supported on a first side (13) by the shell and on a second side (14) by: a main beam (3) diametrically arranged in the shell (1); and/or the shell (1) or a central mast (5) arranged in the shell (1), wherein the metal frame (7) comprises at least one third side (15) connecting the first side (13) to the second side (14), and wherein the at least one third side (15) has a height (H) and a thickness suitable for providing mechanical strength to the panel.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of separation of natural or chemical products which are difficult to separate by distillation. Thus, a series of processes and associated devices (called simulated moving bed separation processes or devices), which will be referred to hereinafter as "SMB", are used, either by means of simulated countercurrent or by means of simulated concurrent flow.
The field of concern is in particular the separation of para-xylene from other C8 aromatic isomers. Other areas of concern are, but are not exclusive, the separation of normal paraffins from branched paraffins, naphthenes and aromatics, olefin/paraffin separation, the separation of meta-xylene from other C8 aromatic isomers, the separation of ethylbenzene from other C8 aromatic isomers, and the separation of meta-cresol or para-cresol from other cresol isomers.
In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus for distributing and collecting fluids within a multi-stage column that utilizes the flow of said fluids in a solid particulate medium, referred to as an adsorbent bed comprising particulate media (adsorbent).
A multi-stage column is understood to mean a column comprising a plurality of adsorbent beds arranged in series along the flow direction of one or more fluids utilized in the column. The fluid that passes continuously through the adsorbent bed is referred to as the main fluid to distinguish it from other auxiliary fluids that can be added to the main fluid via distribution and collection means (also referred to as plates) that are typically located between two successive beds.
The plate comprises at least one collecting zone and a distribution and collection system (line and valve system) for collecting the main fluid and/or injecting the auxiliary fluids and mixing them with the main fluid. The plate further comprises at least one distribution zone, the purpose of which is to spread out the fluid resulting from the mixing of the primary and secondary fluids across the bed of particles located immediately downstream in the flow direction of the primary fluid.
Background
Numerous devices are known for distributing, mixing or collecting fluids in chambers containing solid particles, such as in particular multistage columns. The function of the plates is generally to distribute the fluid as evenly as possible over the cross-section of the column, to mix the main fluid passing through the various beds of the column effectively with one or more auxiliary fluids introduced at each bed, to optionally collect the fluid flow between the two beds, and finally to homogenize the concentration at the bed outlet to the best possible extent before entering the subsequent bed of solid particles (i.e. the bed located immediately downstream of the device in question).
In addition, the plate must meet a certain number of constraints, such as generating as little axial dispersion as possible, creating the least possible pressure drop, and not creating hydrodynamic disturbances that can have an adverse effect on the performance of the process.
The plate has a specific number of features familiar to those skilled in the art.
For the sake of clarity of the context, the multi-stage column is divided into a plurality of plates Pi and adsorbent beds Ai, these plates Pi being arranged immediately upstream of the adsorbent beds Ai in the flow direction of the main fluid. Further, reference is made to the adsorbent bed ai+1 to denote a subsequent adsorbent bed downstream of the adsorbent bed Ai in the flow direction of the main fluid. In the same way, the plate pi+1 represents a subsequent plate located downstream of the plate Pi in the flow direction of the main fluid.
Furthermore, each plate Pi of the tower is generally divided into a plurality of sectors or zones (called panels). Each panel of the plate comprises a zone for collecting the main fluid and at least one valve for collecting the main fluid and/or injecting auxiliary fluids and mixing these auxiliary fluids with the main fluid. Each panel further comprises a distribution zone, the purpose of which is to spread the fluid resulting from the mixing of the primary and secondary fluids in the flow direction of the primary fluid across the bed of particles located immediately downstream.
Each panel may have various shapes, most often it is divided into angular sectors or meridian panels having substantially the same width, i.e. panels (mutually) parallel. The prior art generally includes 12 to 16 panels per panel Pi. EP0074815, US2006/0108274A1 and FR2708480 provide examples of boards for use in the case of SMB adsorption.
Referring to fig. 1, a multi-stage column comprises a shell 1 in which a plurality of solid particle beds are arranged in series along the flow direction of a main fluid utilized in the column. Specifically, the shell 1 has a structure of a plate Pi-1, an adsorbent bed Ai-1 (referred to as an upstream adsorbent bed Ai-1), a plate Pi, an adsorbent bed Ai (referred to as a downstream adsorbent bed Ai), and a plate pi+1 in the flow direction of the main fluid.
Referring to fig. 2, the mechanical strength of the plate Pi is provided by one or more weirs 2 arranged radially (perpendicular to the flow direction of the main fluid) on the inner wall of the shell 1, and two different types of beam networks:
at least one main girder 3 connecting two diametrically opposite sides of the shell 1 (arranged perpendicular to the flow direction of the main fluid) and designed to support an auxiliary girder 4;
Auxiliary beams 4 (arranged perpendicular to the flow direction of the main fluid) oriented perpendicular to the main beams of the support panels, and
Optionally, a central mast 5 (arranged parallel to the main fluid flow direction, for example a vertical mast, i.e. axially mounted in the shell 1), for example in the form of a tube.
The central mast 5 generally serves as a support point for the main beams 3 and may comprise one or more lines of a distribution and collection network.
Referring to fig. 3, panels 6 may be provided on auxiliary beam 4 in warp cut-outs (e.g., in 2 parallel rows of 3 or 4 panels).
Referring to fig. 4, a panel 6 may be provided on the auxiliary beam 4 in a radial cut-out, for example around the central mast 5.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the auxiliary beam 4 makes it possible to support:
panel 6 of plate Pi, and
The adsorbent bed Ai-1 (for top-to-bottom flow) is disposed on the plate Pi.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, each panel 6 of the panel comprises a metal frame 7 for holding together the elements of the panel 6 (screens and inserts), an upper screen 8 and a lower screen 9 for ensuring the passage of the main fluid, and a distribution and collection insert 10 located between said screens. The distribution and collection insert 10 is generally used to:
Collecting the main fluid from the adsorbent bed 11 by means of a system called collection baffle or collector;
mixing the main fluid leaving the adsorbent bed 11 with an auxiliary fluid optionally injected in the panel in question, generally ending in an injection-withdrawal tank, via a distribution and collection network, and
The main fluid, collected alone or in mixture with the auxiliary fluid, is redistributed via a distributor across the subsequent adsorbent bed 11.
The multistage tower usually has a diameter between 5 and 10m, which means that the panels 6 have a possible length of 5m and rest against the shell 1 on only one side. Since the panels 6 should not be excessively deformed in order to avoid crushing or even rupture of the screen of the underlying adsorbent bed 11, the auxiliary beams 4 provide mechanical strength for preventing such deformation, which auxiliary beams provide a deflection of less than 10mm, regardless of the position. However, the auxiliary beams 4 reduce the fluid dynamics in the adsorbent bed 11, because the flow of the main fluid 12 is interrupted (adversely affecting the plug flow properties). On the one hand, it is disadvantageous that the main fluid contacts obstacles at the top of the bed, such as the auxiliary beams 4. On the other hand, the auxiliary beams 4 increase the surface area contacted by the main fluid.
FR2961112 describes a self-supporting panel in order to reduce the number of obstructions in the adsorbent bed, the beams being positioned within the distributor panel itself, i.e. between the upper and lower screens. However, locating the beam within the panel itself impedes fluid circulation inside the panel and reduces dispensing quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Within the context described above, a first object of the present invention is to improve the fluid flow during SMB separation inside a multi-stage column (i.e. a column with numerous adsorbent beds arranged in series along the direction of fluid flow). According to a second object, the invention makes it possible to shorten the installation time and reduce the mass of metal to be utilized for constructing a multi-stage column. According to a third object, the invention makes it possible to improve the uniformity of the packing of a multistage column with granular media.
According to a first aspect, the above mentioned objects and other advantages are obtained by a simulated moving bed separation column comprising a shell comprising a plurality of adsorbent beds separated by a plurality of plates, each plate comprising a plurality of panels, called self-supporting panels, each designed to collect a main fluid from an upstream adsorbent bed and to supply the main fluid to a downstream adsorbent bed, each panel comprising a metal frame on a plurality of sides, the following being arranged in the frame:
-an upper screen designed to support a bed of solid particles of an adsorbent (for example, an upstream bed, in order to circulate by gravity);
a liquid distribution and collection insert, which is arranged between the upper screen and the lower screen, and
The lower filtering net is arranged on the lower filtering net,
Wherein the metal frame is supported on a first side by the shell (e.g., a slice of the shell or a first slice) and on a second side by (e.g., only) the following:
-a main beam, which is diametrically arranged in the shell, and/or
A shell (e.g., a slice of the shell) or a center mast (e.g., a slice of the center mast) disposed in the shell,
Wherein the metal frame comprises at least one third side connecting the first side to the second side, and
Wherein the at least one third side has a height and thickness suitable for providing mechanical strength to the panel.
Advantageously, the self-supporting device makes it possible to eliminate the auxiliary beam without adversely affecting the circulation of the fluid inside the panel (this is not the case in particular with the device of FR 2961112).
This innovation has several other additional advantages:
Improved hydrodynamics, both because contact with obstacles at the bottom of the bed is more advantageous, and because the surface area contacted by the main fluid is smaller;
shortening the installation time, since no beams need to be installed;
the mass of the metal to be utilized is reduced, since an increase in the height of the beam is widely favourable for a reduction in deflection;
-improving the uniformity of the packed adsorbent solids. In the prior art, the screen consists of Filled and dropped from top to bottom. Under the beam, the packing is less efficient because no dense packing effect occurs and the raw material will reach the screen only after reaching the bottom of the beam, bouncing off the obstacle. This results in less dense packing under the beam than elsewhere, which reduces the hydrodynamic quality and the amount of screen packed.
According to one or more embodiments, the height and thickness of the third side of the metal frame are chosen to ensure a deflection of less than 15mm, preferably less than 10mm, very preferably less than 7mm.
According to one or more embodiments, the panel comprises between 12 and 16 panels.
According to one or more embodiments, the column comprises N adsorbent beds separated by N plates, wherein the number N of adsorbent beds and the number N of plates are the same and between 4 and 24, preferably between 8 and 19, very preferably between 12 and 15.
According to one or more embodiments, the at least one third side has a height of between 300mm and 1200mm, preferably between 500mm and 800 mm.
According to one or more embodiments, the at least one third side has a thickness of between 10mm and 100mm, preferably between 20mm and 50 mm.
According to one or more embodiments, the metal frame has a length L between 0.5m and 5 m.
According to one or more embodiments, the metal frame has a width l between 0.4m and 2m, preferably between 0.8 and 1.4 m.
According to one or more embodiments, a first end of the at least one third side is supported by the shell and a second end of the at least one third side is supported by the main beam and/or the center mast or the shell.
According to one or more embodiments, the frame comprises at least one stiffener arranged above the upper filter screen and connecting two opposite third sides of the metal frame.
According to one or more embodiments, the frame includes 1 to 3 stiffeners.
According to one or more embodiments, the stiffener height is between 20 and 1200mm, and preferably between 500 and 800 mm.
According to one or more embodiments, the distribution and collection insert comprises the following along the flow direction of the primary fluid:
-a collector (or collection zone) designed to collect the main fluid leaving the upstream adsorbent bed;
a separator sheet separating the collector from the dispenser and comprising at least one outlet opening for the main fluid from the collector to the dispenser (or dispensing zone), and
A distributor designed to distribute a main fluid across a downstream adsorbent bed,
Furthermore, the panel comprises an injection-extraction tank adjacent to the separator sheet and arranged in a substantially central position of the panel, the injection-extraction tank being designed to collect the main fluid and/or to inject the auxiliary fluid and to mix the auxiliary fluid with the main fluid.
According to one or more embodiments, the panel has a substantially triangular (3 sides) or trapezoidal (4 sides) shape as seen in the flow direction of the main fluid.
According to one or more embodiments, the third sides of the panels of the plate are parallel or concentric or radial.
According to one or more embodiments, the first side and/or the second side of the panel is at least partially in the form of a circular arc.
According to one or more embodiments, the first side and the second side of the panel together form an arc.
According to a second aspect, the invention may be defined as a simulated moving bed separation process comprising the steps of feeding a feedstock and desorbent to at least one column according to the first aspect and withdrawing at least one extract and at least one raffinate from the column, the feed point and withdrawal point in the plates of the column being shifted over time by an amount corresponding to one adsorbent bed in a conversion cycle and determining a plurality of operating zones of the column, and in particular the following main zones:
By definition, each of the operation regions is represented by a number:
The zone I for desorbing the product to be separated (for example para-xylene) is located between the injection of desorbent and the withdrawal of extract;
A zone II for desorbing impurities (for example isomers of the product to be separated) is located between the take-off of the extract and the injection of the feedstock;
A zone III for adsorption of the product to be separated is located between the injection of the feedstock and the withdrawal of the raffinate, and
Zone IV is located between the withdrawal of the raffinate and the injection of desorbent,
In this process, the adsorbent beds are distributed in zones I to IV in a configuration known as a/b/c/d configuration, i.e., the bed distribution is as follows:
-a is the number of beds in zone I;
-b is the number of beds in zone II;
-c is the number of beds in zone III, and
D is the number of beds in zone IV,
In this process:
-a=(t*0.2)*(1±0.2);
-b=(t*0.4)*(1±0.2);
-c= (t 0.27) × (1±0.2), and
-D= (t 0.13) × (1±0.2), or
-a=(t*0.17)*(1±0.2);
-b=(t*0.42)*(1±0.2);
-C= (t 0.25) × (1±0.2), and
-d=(t*0.17)*(1±0.2),
In this process, t is a natural integer between 6 and 24, preferably between 8 and 19, very preferably between 12 and 15.
According to one or more embodiments:
the starting materials comprise aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures containing 8 carbon atoms, and/or
The desorbent is selected from the group consisting of one or more isomers of diethylbenzene and toluene, preferably the desorbent is p-diethylbenzene or toluene, very preferably the desorbent is p-diethylbenzene, and/or
The adsorbents used comprise or consist of faujasites selected from the group consisting of BaX, baKX and BaLSX.
According to one or more embodiments:
the temperature in the adsorbent bed is between 140 ℃ and 189 ℃, preferably between 155 ℃ and 185 ℃, very preferably between 170 ℃ and 180 ℃, and/or
The pressure in the adsorbent bed is between 1 and 10MPa, preferably between 2 and 4MPa, very preferably between 2 and 3MPa, and/or
The switching period is between 30 seconds and 100 seconds, preferably between 40 seconds and 80 seconds, and/or
The superficial velocity between the beds is between 0.2cm/s and 2.5cm/s, and preferably between 0.5cm/s and 2 cm/s.
Other features and advantages of the present invention according to the above aspects will become apparent upon reading the following description and non-limiting exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings described below.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a vertical cross-section of a portion of a multi-stage column comprising adsorbent beds Ai separated by plates Pi.
Fig. 2 shows a top view of an exposed beam structure of a reference multi-stage tower, the exposed beam structure comprising a main beam and 12 auxiliary beams.
Fig. 3 shows a top view of a plate provided on the exposed beam structure of fig. 2, the plate comprising 16 warp panels.
Fig. 4 shows a top view of a plate comprising 16 radial panels disposed on the exposed beam structure of the multi-stage tower shell of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 shows a 3D view of a reference warp panel arranged on 2 auxiliary beams.
Fig. 6 shows a vertical cross-section of a portion of a multi-stage column utilizing fluid flow through an adsorbent bed disposed between two reference warp panels supported by auxiliary beams.
Fig. 7 shows a top view of an exposed beam structure of a multi-stage tower according to the present invention, which includes only main beams and no auxiliary beams.
Fig. 8 shows a top view of a plate according to the invention, comprising 16 warp panels, arranged on the exposed beam structure of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 shows a top view of a plate according to the invention arranged on an inner wall radial slice of a multi-stage tower shell, which shell is free of any main or auxiliary beams.
Fig. 10 shows a 3D view of a warp panel according to the invention.
FIG. 11 shows a vertical cross-section of a portion of a multi-stage column of the present invention utilizing fluid flow through an adsorbent bed disposed between two warp panels.
Fig. 12 shows a top view of an example of a metal frame for warp panels and angular sector panels according to the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of an apparatus and process according to the above aspects will now be described in detail. The following detailed description discloses numerous specific details in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the apparatus and process. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the apparatus and process may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily complicating the description.
In this description, the term "comprising" is synonymous with "comprising" and "containing" (meaning the same thing) and is inclusive or open-ended and does not exclude other elements not recited. It will be understood that the term "comprising" encompasses the exclusive and closed term "consisting of. In addition, in the present description, the term "essentially" or "substantially" corresponds to an approximation of ±10%, preferably ±5%, very preferably ±2%. For example, an element disposed substantially at a location of the panel may be disposed in the panel at an approximation of + -10%, preferably + -5%, relative to the width or height of the panel.
According to a first aspect, the invention may be defined as a simulated moving bed separation column comprising a shell comprising a plurality of adsorbent beds separated by a plurality of plates, each plate comprising a plurality of panels, known as self-supporting panels, each panel being designed to collect a primary fluid from an upstream adsorbent bed and to supply the primary fluid to a downstream adsorbent bed. In this description, the term "self-supporting" means that the mechanical strength of the panel is sufficient to omit the auxiliary beam, i.e. to provide a maximum deflection of 10mm, regardless of the position of the panel.
The SMB separation unit comprises at least one separation column divided into N adsorbent beds separated by N plates (thereby defining zones between the beds), each plate itself being capable of being divided into a plurality of panels. Preferably, the number N of adsorbent beds and the number N of plates are the same and are between 4 and 24, and preferably between 8 and 19, very preferably between 12 and 15.
The division of the plate Pi into panels is known from the prior art. The two most common types of division are division into warp panels and division into panels corresponding to angular sectors. Warp panels correspond to dividing the plate Pi into mutually parallel and connected elements in order to ensure complete coverage of the horizontal cross section of the plate. The warp panels are oriented along the diameter of the plate and preferably have substantially the same width. According to one or more embodiments, each plate is divided into between 4 and 24 panels, preferably between 12 and 16 panels. The panel is preferably a warp panel.
Device and method for controlling the same
In this description, the simulated moving bed separation column according to the present invention includes the same features as the reference column described above with reference to fig. 1 to 6, except for the differences described below.
Referring to fig. 7, the simulated moving bed separation column according to the invention comprises a shell 1, wherein the mechanical strength of the panels can be provided by one or more weirs 2 arranged radially (perpendicular to the flow direction 12 of the main fluid) on the inner wall of the shell 1.
According to one or more embodiments, the weir plate 2 of the shell 1 is continuous, i.e. annular. According to one or more embodiments, the shell comprises a plurality of discontinuous weirs.
Referring to fig. 7, in addition, according to one or more embodiments, the simulated moving bed separation column according to the invention comprises a main beam 3 (arranged perpendicular to the flow direction 12 of the main fluid) connecting two diametrically opposite sides of the shell 1, and/or a central mast 5 (arranged parallel to the flow direction 12 of the main fluid, e.g. a vertical mast), e.g. in the form of a tube, the main beam 3 and/or the central mast 5 being designed to (directly) support a plurality of panels 6 (referred to as self-supporting panels).
Referring to fig. 8, the panel 6 comprises a metal frame having 3 or 4 sides parallel to the flow direction 12 of the main fluid. According to one or more embodiments, the sides of the metal frame are solid sheets. According to the invention, a first side 13 of the metal frame is arranged on one or more weirs 2 (e.g. annular weirs) of the shell 1, and a second side 14 of the metal frame is arranged on the main beam 3 and optionally on the central mast 5. According to one or more embodiments, the second side 14 of the metal frame is (only) arranged on the central mast 5, for example when the panels 6 are arranged around the central mast 5 in radial cut-outs (the arrangement of the panels is similar to the case of fig. 4).
Referring to fig. 9, a first side 13 of the metal frame is disposed on one or more weirs 2 (e.g., annular weirs) of the shell 1, and a second side 14 of the metal frame is disposed on one or more weirs 2 (e.g., annular weirs) of the shell 1. Advantageously, when the simulated moving bed separation column does not comprise a main beam or a central mast, for example when the diameter of the shell is less than 5m, the two sides 13 and 14 of the panel 6 can rest against the shell 1.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the metal frame 7 of the panel 6 serves to hold together the elements (screens and inserts) of the panel 6 and comprises, in particular:
An upper screen 8 or any other equivalent means (for example, perforated sheet) for supporting the bed of solid particles and ensuring the passage of the main fluid;
A lower screen 9 or any other equivalent means (for example, perforated sheet) for ensuring the passage of the main fluid, and
Distribution and collection inserts 10, which are located between the sieves.
Referring to fig. 8 to 12, the first side 13 and the second side 14 of the metal frame 7 are connected to each other by means of at least one third side (15), and said at least one third side (15) has a height (H) and a thickness (E) suitable for providing the mechanical strength of the panel, which makes it possible to eliminate auxiliary beams without adversely affecting the circulation of fluid inside the panel.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, according to one or more embodiments, the height H and thickness E of the third side 15 of the metal frame 7 are selected to ensure a deflection of less than 15mm, preferably less than 10mm, very preferably less than 7mm.
According to one or more embodiments, the at least one third side 15 has a height H between 300mm and 1200mm, preferably between 500mm and 800 mm. According to one or more embodiments, the height H of the third side 15 of the metal frame 7 is substantially equal to the height of the upstream adsorbent bed (e.g., ±10%, preferably±5%, very preferably±2%).
According to one or more embodiments, the at least one third side 15 has a thickness E comprised between 10mm and 100mm, preferably between 20mm and 50 mm.
According to one or more embodiments, the metal frame 7 (e.g. the at least one third side 15) has a maximum length L between 0.5m and 5 m.
According to one or more embodiments, the metal frame 7 has a maximum width l (perpendicular to the third side 15) of between 0.4m and 2m, preferably between 0.8 and 1.4 m.
Referring to fig. 10, according to one or more embodiments, the frame includes one or more stiffeners 16 (metal elements) disposed above the upper screen 8 and connected to at least one third side 15. Advantageously, the at least one stiffener 16 is adapted to be immersed in the adsorbent bed and makes it possible to avoid buckling of the at least one third side 15. According to one or more embodiments, said at least one stiffener 16 is connected to two opposite third sides 15 of the metal frame 7. According to one or more embodiments, the third sides 15 of the panels 6 of the plate are parallel or concentric or radial.
According to one or more embodiments, the at least one stiffener 16 forms an angle with the at least one third side 15 of between 60 ° and 90 °. According to one or more embodiments, the at least one stiffener 16 is substantially perpendicular to the at least one third side 15. According to one or more embodiments, the at least one stiffener 16 forms an angle with the at least one third side 15 of between 65 ° and 85 °, preferably between 75 ° and 80 °.
According to one or more embodiments, the at least one stiffener 16 has a height (parallel to the flow direction 12 of the main fluid) of between 20mm and 1200mm, and preferably between 500mm and 800 mm. According to one or more embodiments, the height of the at least one stiffener 16 is at least 50% of the height H of the at least one third side 15. According to one or more embodiments, the frame includes 1 to 3 stiffeners 16.
Referring to fig. 12, the metal frame 7 (as seen in the flow direction 12 of the main fluid) may have substantially the shape of a triangle a, a circular arc B or a trapezoid C. According to one or more embodiments, the metal frame 7 includes recesses (as shown for the arcs B and trapezoids D) to allow the central mast 5 to pass through.
It should be appreciated that the metal frame may have different shapes. For example, when the shell does not comprise the main beams 3 or the central mast 5 (see fig. 9), the metal frame 7 may have the shape of a circular section. A first example E of a circular segment shows a portion of the disc cut away from the rest of the disc by a chord line (intersecting straight line), wherein the first side 13 and the second side 14 together form an arc of a circle and the third side 15 forms a chord line. A second example F of a circular segment shows that a part of the disc is cut away from the rest of the disc by two mutually parallel strings, wherein the first side 13 and the second side 14 each form an arc of a circle and the third side 15 forms these strings. According to the present description, the circular section constitutes the part of the disc between the intersecting straight lines and the arc (circular section E) or the part between the two intersecting straight lines (circular section F).
The distribution and collection insert 10 generally includes the following along the flow direction 12 of the primary fluid:
-a collector or collection zone designed to collect the main fluid leaving the upstream adsorbent bed;
-separating the sheet, which separates the collector from the dispenser;
a distributor or distribution zone designed to distribute the primary fluid collected alone or in a mixture with the secondary fluid across the downstream adsorbent bed,
The upper screen, collector, separator sheet, dispenser and lower screen extend from the first side 13 to the second side 14.
Furthermore, the dispensing and collecting insert 10 comprises an injection-extraction tank designed to extract the main fluid collected by the collector or to inject an auxiliary fluid so as to mix said auxiliary fluid with the main fluid. The injection-extraction tank is adjacent to the separator sheet and is arranged in a central position of the pane 3, i.e. substantially in a position in the vertical central axis of the pane. The vertical central axis of the panel is the transverse axis of the panel, i.e. an axis parallel to the flow direction 12 of the fluid and orthogonal to the plane formed by the separation sheets.
Advantageously, the upper screen and the separating sheet together form a collector (collecting zone) designed to direct the main fluid towards the injection-extraction tank.
Advantageously, the separator sheet comprises two lateral portions on either side of the injection-extraction tank, i.e. the injection-extraction tank separates the separator sheet into two lateral portions.
Advantageously, the separator sheet comprises at least one and preferably at least two outlet openings, preferably arranged close to or adjacent to the injection-extraction tank and designed to send the main fluid from the collector to the dispenser. Preferably, at least one outlet opening is provided on either side of the injection-extraction tank. Thus, depending on the mode of operation of the panel, the primary fluid may be collected in the injection-retrieval tank or mixed with the secondary fluid to leave the injection-retrieval tank. The primary and secondary fluids to be mixed in this manner are redistributed to the downstream adsorbent bed Ai as they enter the distributor.
Advantageously, the lower screen and the separating sheet together form a distributor (distribution zone) for guiding the main fluid collected alone or in mixture with the auxiliary fluid towards the downstream adsorbent bed Ai.
Process for producing a solid-state image sensor
The invention may also be defined as an SMB process using an SMB separation unit according to the present invention, wherein the feedstock to be separated is any mixture of compounds such as aromatic hydrocarbons having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, a mixture of normal and isoparaffins, or a mixture of normal and isoparaffins.
The invention thus also relates to an SMB separation process using at least one separation column 1 divided into N adsorbent beds Ai separated by N plates Pi comprising a plurality of panels 3 according to the invention.
In the remainder of this document, reference is made to steps to represent an operation or set of similar operations performed on a given stream (stream) at some point in the process. The process is described in terms of the various steps it takes in the order of flow of the streams or products.
The SMB separation process comprises the steps of feeding at least one feedstock and desorbent to column 1 and withdrawing at least one extract and at least one raffinate from column 1, said column 1 comprising one or more beds of adsorbent solids Ai interconnected in a closed loop (i.e. the last bed of the last adsorbent is designed to circulate the stream in the first bed of the first adsorbent) and separated by a plate Pi according to the invention, the feed point and withdrawal point in the plate of the column being shifted over time by an amount corresponding to one adsorbent bed with a conversion period (denoted ST) and determining a plurality of operating zones of the SMB device, and in particular the following main zones (these main zones are denoted by numbers by definition):
The zone I for desorbing the product to be separated (product of interest) is located between the injection of desorbent and the withdrawal of extract;
A zone II for desorbing impurities (for example isomers of the product to be separated) is located between the take-off of the extract and the injection of the feedstock;
A zone III for adsorption of the product to be separated is located between the injection of the feedstock and the withdrawal of the raffinate, and
Zone IV is located between the withdrawal of the raffinate and the injection of desorbent.
According to one or more embodiments, the adsorbent beds are distributed in zones I to IV in a configuration referred to as a/b/c/d configuration, i.e., the distribution of the beds is as follows:
-a is the number of beds in zone I;
-b is the number of beds in zone II;
-c is the number of beds in zone III, and
D is the number of beds in zone IV.
According to one or more embodiments:
-a=(t*0.2)*(1±0.2);
-b=(t*0.4)*(1±0.2);
-c= (t 0.27) × (1±0.2), and
-D= (t 0.13) × (1±0.2), and
Where t is a natural integer between 6 and 24, preferably between 8 and 19 (e.g., between 12 and 15).
According to one or more embodiments:
-a=(t*0.17)*(1±0.2);
-b=(t*0.42)*(1±0.2);
-c= (t 0.25) × (1±0.2), and
-D= (t 0.17) × (1±0.2), and
Where t is a natural integer between 6 and 24, preferably between 8 and 19, very preferably between 12 and 15 (e.g. 12 or 15).
According to one or more embodiments, the desorbent is selected from the group consisting of diethylbenzene and one or more isomers of toluene. According to one or more embodiments, the desorbent is p-diethylbenzene or toluene. According to one or more embodiments, the desorbent is p-diethylbenzene.
According to one or more embodiments, the adsorbent used comprises/consists of a faujasite selected from the group consisting of BaX, baKX and BaLSX.
According to one or more embodiments, the feedstock is a mixture of substantially C8 aromatics (e.g., xylenes and ethylbenzene). According to one or more embodiments, the mixture includes at least 95%, preferably at least 97% (e.g., at least 99%) of the substantially C8 aromatic compounds. According to one or more embodiments, the feedstock includes at least 15 wt% para-xylene and/or 30 wt% meta-xylene relative to the total weight of the feedstock.
One example of an SMB separation process of great industrial importance involves separating a C8 aromatic fraction in order to produce para-xylene of commercial purity (typically at least 99.7 wt.% pure) and a raffinate rich in ethylbenzene, ortho-xylene and meta-xylene.
The extract produced contains desorbent, para-xylene and possibly trace amounts of isomers (purity of para-xylene greater than 98%, preferably greater than 99.7%). The extract may be treated to separate the desorbent (e.g., by distillation), and optionally purified by crystallization to increase the purity of the para-xylene.
According to one or more embodiments, the temperature in the adsorbent bed is between 140 ℃ and 189 ℃, and preferably between 155 ℃ and 185 ℃, particularly preferably between 170 ℃ and 180 ℃.
The pressure is adjusted so that the liquid phase is maintained at all points of the process according to the invention. According to one or more embodiments, the pressure in the adsorbent bed is between 1MPa and 10MPa, preferably between 2MPa and 4MPa, preferably between 2MPa and 3 MPa.
According to one or more embodiments, the transition period ST (the time period between two successive transitions of feeding/extraction) employed is between 30 seconds and 100 seconds. Preferably, the switching period ST employed is between 40 seconds and 80 seconds (e.g., 60±10 seconds).
According to one or more embodiments, the superficial velocity between beds is between 0.2cm/s and 2.5cm/s, and preferably between 0.5cm/s and 2 cm/s.
Example
Example 1 sizing
The deflection of a metal sheet is inversely proportional to its area moment of inertia I qz, which is defined in mathematical formula 1 as follows for a sheet having a rectangular cross section of height (H) and thickness (E):
Mathematics 1
This moment demonstrates that the effect of height on vertical deformation is much greater than on sheet thickness.
As a result, it is possible to compare the reference device with the device according to the invention, wherein the height of the third side (15) of the metal frame (7) has been increased to the height of the bed. Table 1 below presents such a comparison taking into account the same deflection (and therefore equal deformation) in both cases. The results show that the device according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the mass of the metal involved by 70%. The surface area covered by the fluid circulation can be used as a hydrodynamic index and also shows a significant improvement.
TABLE 1
| Third side 15 | Reference to | The invention is that |
| Height H (mm) | 450 | 800 |
| Thickness E (mm) | 100 | 17 |
| Length (mm) | 4000 | 4000 |
| Volume (m 3) | 0.18 | 0.05 |
| Area moment of inertia I qz(mm4 | 7.6×108 | 7.6×108 |
| Surface area covered (m 2) | 0.40 | 0.07 |
EXAMPLE 2 fluid dynamics
The hydrodynamics of the reference device and the device according to the invention were estimated by CFD simulation and the results were compared in terms of peclet numbers. It is a dimensionless number illustrating the ratio of convection to axial dispersion. The larger the number, the greater the plug flow effect and the better the process performance. Peclet numbers were calculated according to the following formula, where μ is the first moment and σ is the central second moment. These moments are obtained by calculating their propagation in the bed according to the method described by Liu et al (see journal AIChE, volume 56, phase 10, pages 2561-2572), as defined below in mathematical formula 2.
Mathematics 2
Table 2 below illustrates the improvement obtained for peclet numbers. The situation according to the invention is implemented in which the third side 15 forms the entire height of the bed.
TABLE 2
| Third side 15 | Reference to | The invention is that |
| Height H (mm) | 400 | 1200 |
| Thickness E (mm) | 80 | 30 |
| Length (mm) | 4250 | 4250 |
| Fluid dynamics | Reference to | The invention is that |
| Apparent velocity (cm/s) | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Height of adsorbent bed (m) | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Peclet number | 142 | 193 |
Example 3 improvement of installation event
Current technology suffers from the problem of long plate mounting/dismounting times, which adversely affects the operating time of the overall aromatic complex. Downtime to replace the screen can take months. The presented innovation makes it possible to dispense with the assembly of auxiliary beams. Furthermore, the step of stabilizing the panel on the beam is no longer performed. As a result, the effort inside the tower is reduced. The following table presents an estimate of the amount of time improvement for each adsorbent bed, which is about 30%.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Duration of installation | Reference to | The invention is that |
| Mounting of girders | 1h | 1h |
| Installation of auxiliary beams | 7h | 0 |
| Installation of panels | 8h | 8h |
| Stabilization of roof rail panels | 8h | 0 |
| Sealing arrangement | 8h | 8h |
| Installation of pipeline engineering and filling of screen mesh | 16h | 16h |
| Totals to | 48h | 33h |
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2210446A FR3140773A1 (en) | 2022-10-12 | 2022-10-12 | Self-supporting panel for simulated moving bed separation |
| FRFR2210446 | 2022-10-12 | ||
| PCT/EP2023/077100 WO2024078898A1 (en) | 2022-10-12 | 2023-09-29 | Self-supporting panel for simulated moving bed separation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN120076856A true CN120076856A (en) | 2025-05-30 |
Family
ID=84371450
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380072243.3A Pending CN120076856A (en) | 2022-10-12 | 2023-09-29 | Self-supporting panel for simulated moving bed separation |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4601757A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN120076856A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3140773A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW202423534A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024078898A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4378292A (en) | 1981-09-11 | 1983-03-29 | Uop Inc. | Fixed bed multiple zone fluid-solids contacting apparatus |
| FR2708480B1 (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1996-05-24 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Single-phase fluid distributor-mixer-extractor for granular solids beds. |
| US7314551B2 (en) | 2004-11-19 | 2008-01-01 | Uop Llc | Flow distribution apparatus |
| WO2010002383A1 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-07 | Uop Llc | Flow distribution apparatus |
| FR2961112B1 (en) | 2010-06-09 | 2013-09-13 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | DEVICE FOR DISPENSING FLUIDS IN A SIMPLE MOBILE BED COLUMN HAVING A LIMITED DEGREE DEGREE WITHIN THE GRANULAR BED. |
| FR3121055B1 (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2024-07-12 | Ifp Energies Now | Device and method for separation in simulated moving bed with high height/diameter ratio |
-
2022
- 2022-10-12 FR FR2210446A patent/FR3140773A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-09-29 WO PCT/EP2023/077100 patent/WO2024078898A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2023-09-29 CN CN202380072243.3A patent/CN120076856A/en active Pending
- 2023-09-29 EP EP23782912.2A patent/EP4601757A1/en active Pending
- 2023-10-11 TW TW112138639A patent/TW202423534A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202423534A (en) | 2024-06-16 |
| WO2024078898A1 (en) | 2024-04-18 |
| FR3140773A1 (en) | 2024-04-19 |
| EP4601757A1 (en) | 2025-08-20 |
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