CN120038800A - Multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material processing, and discloses a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device, the pneumatic drill comprises a feeding speed and stroke control module, a quick dismounting module and a normal vector direction quick alignment and dust removal module, and is connected with a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device through the quick dismounting module. The pneumatic drill is characterized in that a pneumatic drill is provided with a pneumatic spring, a hydraulic buffer and a pneumatic guide rail, a pneumatic drill front end cutter is arranged on the pneumatic drill, the pneumatic drill front end cutter is connected with a pneumatic guide rail, the pneumatic drill front end cutter is connected with a pneumatic drill through a hydraulic buffer, the pneumatic drill front end cutter is connected with a pneumatic drill through a pneumatic spring, the pneumatic drill is provided with a pneumatic drill front end cutter, the pneumatic drill front end cutter is connected with a pneumatic drill through a pneumatic spring, the pneumatic drill front end cutter is connected with a pneumatic drill front end cutter, the pneumatic drill front end cutter is connected with a pneumatic drill through a pneumatic spring.

Description

Multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material processing, and relates to a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device.

Background

The fiber reinforced resin matrix composite (hereinafter referred to as composite) has been the preferred material for manufacturing high-end equipment in the fields of aviation, aerospace, rail transit and the like because of the advantages of high specific strength, high specific stiffness, designable performance and the like. In the manufacturing process of composite material components, tens of thousands of connecting holes are processed in order to realize high-precision assembly with other components. However, for composite members with complex structures and limited processing space, numerical control equipment such as large-scale machine tools, mechanical arms and the like are difficult to meet actual processing demands. Thus, the manual hole making method using pneumatic drill is still difficult to be thoroughly replaced. Because the composite material has lamination characteristics and anisotropy, tearing and layering damage are extremely easy to generate during processing, stable feeding speed drilling can not be realized only by a worker holding the pneumatic drill, and the abrupt change of drilling axial force and torque can further aggravate the processing damage of the composite material component and even cause tool breakage failure. In addition, due to the technical maturity of operators and the like, good machining consistency and perpendicularity are difficult to ensure during manual hole making machining, the hole making precision requirement cannot be met, and the composite material component is extremely easy to discard. Therefore, there is a need to develop a multifunctional manual drilling aid.

Aiming at the problems of large damage and low precision of manual hole making of a composite material, researchers at home and abroad mainly choose to additionally install a hole making auxiliary device at the front end of a pneumatic drill to improve the hole making quality and precision of a composite material component. The invention discloses a pneumatic drill capable of assisting in adjusting punching gesture precision, which is disclosed by a household auspicious peak of China electronic technology group company, and has the patent number of CN201921910989.4, and the punching precision of materials parallel to the ground direction is improved by installing a detachable collar with a groove and a horizontal level gauge on the pneumatic drill, but the pneumatic drill cannot solve the problems of feeding speed and stroke control, is mainly used for horizontal plane punching, and has a limited application range. The Guilin electronic technology university Han Hui and the like invent an electric hand drill drilling auxiliary device which accords with the ergonomics, and the patent number is CN201720180068.1, and the device can effectively perform vertical alignment on a plane material, but cannot be suitable for complex curved surface workpieces, has limited chip removal space and uncontrollable feeding speed.

In view of the foregoing, in order to solve the problems of difficult control of the feeding stroke and the feeding speed and difficult vertical alignment in the pneumatic drilling process, and to improve the processing quality and efficiency of manual drilling of the composite material member, it is highly desirable to develop a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device aiming at the problems of uneven feeding speed, difficult control of drilling stroke, various damages such as drilling burrs and layering caused by low perpendicularity, poor drilling precision caused by low perpendicularity and the like during manual drilling of composite materials. The invention designs an auxiliary device which has an integral structure comprising a feeding speed and travel control module, a quick dismounting module and a normal direction quick alignment and dust removal module. The device can meet the processing requirements of 'quick before slow' and stable feeding speed when a cutter penetrates through the surface of a composite material during manual hole making, the quick dismounting module realizes quick dismounting of pneumatic drills and auxiliary devices of different types through limiting rings, positioning grooves, positioning rings, fastening screws and the like, the normal direction quick alignment and dust removal module realizes accurate and quick vertical alignment of a composite material hole making through a normal direction alignment member and a three-point normal alignment positioning block which are assembled and matched with the configuration of the composite material member, and the auxiliary device can be continuously used for a long time through timely cleaning of composite material scraps through a dust removal port.

The technical proposal of the invention

The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device comprises a feeding speed and stroke control module 1, a quick dismounting module 2 and a normal direction quick alignment and dust removal module 3, wherein a pneumatic drill 4 is connected with the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device through the quick dismounting module 2, and the feeding speed and stroke control module 1 is divided into a feeding speed control module 11 and a feeding stroke control module 12;

The feeding speed control module 11 comprises three gas springs, a micro sliding block and a micro guide rail, wherein the gas springs provide damping effect, and an isolated system, namely gas pressure, is arranged in the gas springs Volume and volumeThe relation is satisfied:, Constant length of gas spring Distance of compressionCross-sectional area of compression tubeDamping forceSatisfy the following requirements The front end and the rear end of the gas spring are respectively fixed on a front fixing hole 1108 positioned on the inner sleeve 01 and a rear fixing hole 1103 positioned on the outer sleeve 02 through inner hexagon screws 1102, and the gas spring moves simultaneously along with the compression of the inner sleeve 01 and the outer sleeve 02;

The feeding stroke control module 12 comprises a displacement fine tuning sliding table 1203, a limiting block 1202 and an oil pressure buffer, wherein the displacement fine tuning sliding table 1203 is arranged on the lower surface of the outer sleeve 02, the limiting block 1202 is arranged on the lower side of the displacement fine tuning sliding table 1203, the oil pressure buffers are arranged in buffer fixing holes of the inner sleeve 01, the positions of the limiting block 1202 relative to the displacement fine tuning sliding table 1203 are adjusted according to actual working conditions, and when the drilling process is finished, the rear surface of the oil pressure buffer is contacted with the front surface of the limiting block 1202, so that the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device provides damping force opposite to the feeding direction for the pneumatic drill ;

The quick assembly disassembly module 2 comprises a fastening screw, a positioning ring 2103, a positioning groove 2104 and a limiting ring 2105, wherein the positioning ring 2103 is arranged at a port on one side of the outer sleeve 02, which is connected with the pneumatic drill 4, when the pneumatic drill 4 is inserted into the outer sleeve 02, the positioning ring 2103 is matched with the side surface 4101 of a cylindrical area at the front end of the pneumatic drill to realize quick positioning of the pneumatic drill 4, the positioning groove 2104 is arranged at the inner side of the insertion side of the pneumatic drill 4 of the outer sleeve 02, the inherent end surfaces 4102 of the pneumatic drill are respectively matched with the positioning grooves 2104 at two sides and used for limiting the rotation of the pneumatic drill 4 in the outer sleeve 02, the limiting ring 2105 is arranged at the inner side of the insertion side of the pneumatic drill 4 of the outer sleeve 02 and is adjacent to the positioning groove 2104, the front end surface 4103 of the pneumatic drill is tightly attached to the limiting ring 2105, and the pneumatic drill 4 is limited to slide along the axis of the sleeve in the use process;

The fast alignment and dust removal module 3 comprises a three-point normal alignment positioning block 3101, a normal alignment direction alignment member 3102, an auxiliary device front end interface 3103, a dust removal port limiting bank 3104, a dust removal pipe 3105 and a dust removal port 3106, wherein the three-point normal alignment positioning block 3101 is fixed on the normal alignment direction alignment member 3102, the normal alignment member 3102 is connected with the front end interface 3103 of the auxiliary device through threads, when complex curved surface alignment is carried out, the three-point normal alignment positioning block 3101 with profiling function is selected according to the shape of different curved surfaces, the normal alignment member 3102 is installed on the front end interface 3103 of the device through threads, and when alignment is carried out, the normal alignment positioning block 3101 is attached to a curved surface, the normal alignment and dust removal module 3 adopts three-point normal alignment positioning block 3101 to be vertically positioned and protect the drilling surface, the composite material making hole is accurately and quickly aligned, a chip removal pipeline inside the dust removal pipe 5 is communicated with an inner sleeve 01, when the composite material making an interference fit with the dust removal pipe is produced in the dust removal hole, the dust removal pipe is provided with the dust collector, the dust collector is provided with the dust collector, and the dust collector is matched with the dust collector through the dust collector, and the dust collector is provided with the dust collector, and the dust collector is connected with the dust collector through the dust collector, and the dust collector is connected with the dust collector through the dust collector, and the dust collector through the dust collector.

Furthermore, a limiter is additionally arranged on the miniature guide rail, and the feeding stroke is adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the miniature sliding block stops moving when moving to the limiter, namely, the feeding of the pneumatic drill is stopped.

Further, the outwardly inclined and laterally offset structural design of the alignment block 3101 helps to improve the stability of the device in drilling.

The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device has the beneficial effects that the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device is provided. The pneumatic drill is provided with damping force which increases along with displacement and speed through the air spring and the oil buffer, and the pneumatic drill is matched with the miniature guide rail and the miniature sliding block to ensure that the front end cutter of the pneumatic drill can stably feed and cut the composite material when the hole is manually made, so that the damage to the hole is reduced, the difficulty of manual hole making is reduced, and the hole making efficiency is improved; the pneumatic drilling machine has the advantages of realizing vertical alignment through the three-point normal alignment positioning block, ensuring that the pneumatic drilling bit vertically contacts the surface of the composite material, improving the hole making precision, realizing vertical alignment for complex curved surfaces by changing normal direction alignment components adapting to different curved surfaces, improving the perpendicularity of hole making processing, realizing rapid combination and fixation of the pneumatic drilling bit and an auxiliary device through limiting parts such as fastening screws, positioning rings and the like, reducing the installation difficulty, improving the adaptability, timely cleaning scraps in the hole making process of the composite material by designing a dust removing port, and enabling the device to be continuously used for a long time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an accessory assembly with a pneumatic drill.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the auxiliary device feed rate and travel control module.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the quick assembly disassembly module of the auxiliary device.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the auxiliary device for rapid alignment in the normal vector direction and dust removal module.

Fig. 5 shows a pneumatic drill cooperating with an auxiliary device.

In the figure, the device comprises a 01-inner sleeve, a 02-outer sleeve, a 1-feeding speed and stroke control module, a 11-feeding speed control module, a 12-feeding stroke control module, a 2-quick dismounting module, a 3-normal direction quick alignment and dust removal module, a 4-pneumatic drill, 1101-first air springs, 1102-inner hexagonal screws, 1103-rear fixing holes, 1104-first micro guide rails, 1105-first micro sliders, 1106-second air springs, 1107-third air springs, 1108-front fixing holes, 1109-second micro guide rails, 1110-second micro sliders, 1201-limit block locking screws, 1202-limit blocks, 1203-displacement fine adjustment sliding tables, 1204-first oil pressure buffers, 1205-second oil pressure buffers, 2101-first fastening screws, 2102-second fastening screws, 2103-positioning rings, 2104-positioning grooves, 2105-limit rings, 3101-normal direction alignment members, 3102-normal direction alignment front end interfaces, 3103-device front end interfaces, 3104-limit blocks, 4105-dust removal pipes, 1202-limit blocks, 4106-pneumatic drill front surface areas, 3103-pneumatic drill front surface areas, and pneumatic drill front surface areas.

Detailed Description

The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings and technical schemes.

The first micro guide rail 1104 and the second micro guide rail 1109 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the inner sleeve 01 through screws and nuts, the first micro sliding block 1105 and the second micro sliding block 1110 are arranged on the inner sides of sliding block fixing grooves on the two sides of the outer sleeve 02 through screws, and sliding rail sliding blocks are arranged in a matched mode to connect the inner sleeve 01 and the outer sleeve 02. The front ends of the first air spring 1101, the second air spring 1106 and the third air spring 1107 are connected with the front fixing hole 1108 through the socket head cap screws 1102, the rear ends thereof are connected with the rear fixing hole 1103 through the socket head cap screws 1102, and the feeding speed control module 11 is installed. The displacement fine adjustment sliding table 1203 is arranged on the lower surface of the outer sleeve 02 through a screw, the limiting block 1202 is arranged on the lower side of the displacement fine adjustment sliding table 1203 in a matched mode through a sliding groove sliding rail, the first oil buffer 1204 and the second oil buffer 1205 are arranged in a buffer fixing hole through screw nuts, and the installation of the feeding stroke control module 12 is completed.

In actual use, the pneumatic drill is selected according to the specific machining conditions, and the inherent end surface 4102 of the pneumatic drill is aligned with the positioning groove 2104 and inserted into the positioning ring 2103 until the front end surface 4103 of the pneumatic drill is tightly attached to the limiting ring 2105. The pneumatic drill and the device are in interference fit by rotating the fastening screw until the tail of the fastening screw is in close contact with the inherent end surface 4102 of the pneumatic drill, and the pneumatic drill 4 and the outer sleeve 02 cannot rotate and slide relatively, so that the quick assembly and disassembly module 2 is assembled.

For composite curved surfaces of different shapes, a normal direction aligning member 3102 matched with the curved surface is selected, and a rear threaded portion of the normal direction aligning member is aligned with a front end interface 3103 of the device and screwed in. The tail end of the dust removing opening 3106 is inserted into the air duct of the external dust collector until the air duct opening of the external dust collector is attached to the dust removing opening limiting ridge 3104. The normal direction rapid alignment and dust removal module 3 is installed up to this point.

When the hole is manually made, the pneumatic drill handle 4104 is held in one hand, and the dust removing tube 3105 is held in the other hand. The normal alignment of the hole forming point is achieved on the material surface by a normal alignment positioning block 3101. And adjusting the indication marks on the limiting block 1202 to the corresponding scales on the displacement fine tuning sliding table 1203 according to the required hole making materials and the parameters of the pneumatic drill and the cutter selected during hole making. Assuming that the composite material has a thickness ofThe insertion depth of the hole making cutter into the pneumatic drill isThe cutter length isThe indication marks of the limiting block 1202 are aligned with the marksThenAdjusting the indicator toAnd tightening the stopper locking screw 1201 fixes the stopper position. Because the auxiliary device is used for quickly aligning and dedusting the normal vector direction and the feeding speed and the stroke control module are used together, when manual hole making is performed, the pneumatic drill is slowly pressed downwards along the normal vector direction, the drill bit of the pneumatic drill can be vertically and stably contacted with the surface of a material and fed at a uniform speed, and the manufactured hole has higher precision and less damage. The feeding speed and travel control module, the normal direction quick alignment and dust removal module and the quick disassembly and assembly module are not limited to the structure of the embodiment, and can be modified in various ways, and in a word, all modifications which do not deviate from the innovative scope of the invention are within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device, characterized in that the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device comprises a feed speed and stroke control module (1), a quick disassembly module (2) and a normal vector direction quick alignment and dust removal module (3), wherein the pneumatic drill (4) is connected to the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device via the quick disassembly module (2); wherein the feed speed and stroke control module (1) is divided into a feed speed control module (11) and a feed stroke control module (12); The normal vector direction rapid alignment and dust removal module (3) comprises a three-point normal vector alignment positioning block (3101), a normal vector direction alignment component (3102), an auxiliary device front end interface (3103), a dust removal port limiter (3104), a dust removal pipe (3105) and a dust removal port (3106); the three-point normal vector alignment positioning block (3101) is fixed on the normal vector direction alignment component (3102), the normal vector direction alignment component (3102) and the auxiliary device front end interface (3103) are connected via threads, when performing complex curved surface alignment, according to the shape of different curved surfaces, the three-point normal vector alignment positioning block (3101) with a profiling function is selected, and the normal vector direction alignment component (3102) is installed on the device front end interface C103 via threads, and when performing alignment , so that the normal vector alignment positioning block C101 fits with the curved surface; the normal vector direction rapid alignment and dust removal module (3) uses a three-point normal vector alignment positioning block (3101) to vertically position and protect the drilling surface, so as to achieve accurate and fast vertical alignment of composite material holes on a plane; the chip removal pipeline inside the dust removal pipe (3105) is connected to the inner sleeve (01), so that composite material debris generated during hole making is discharged through the chip removal pipeline under the action of an external vacuum cleaner; the dust removal port limit sill (3104) is arranged at the end of the dust removal pipe (3105) and cooperates with the air guide pipe port of the external vacuum cleaner, and the dust removal port limit sill (3104) limits the relative sliding of the external vacuum cleaner and the dust removal port (3106), so as to ensure stable dust collection; the dust removal port (3106) and the external vacuum cleaner have an interference fit to ensure good air duct tightness. 2. The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the feed speed control module (11) comprises a gas spring, a micro slider and a micro guide rail; the gas spring provides a damping effect, and there are three gas springs in total. The gas spring is an isolated system, that is, the gas pressure With volume Satisfies the relationship: , is a constant value; the length of the gas spring , compression distance , compression tube cross-sectional area , Damping force satisfy The front and rear ends of the gas spring are respectively fixed to a front fixing hole (1108) located on the inner sleeve (01) and a rear fixing hole (1103) located on the outer sleeve (02) by means of hexagon socket screws (1102), and the gas spring moves simultaneously with the compression of the inner sleeve (01) and the outer sleeve (02); there are two micro guide rails, which are respectively mounted on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the inner sleeve (01), and the micro slider cooperates with the micro guide rails to reduce the deviation from the feed direction caused by the relative movement of the inner sleeve (01) and the outer sleeve (02) when the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device is used, so that the feed stroke of the processor when holding the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device to make holes can be controlled. 3. The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the feed stroke control module (12) comprises a displacement fine-tuning slide (1203), a limit block (1202) and a hydraulic buffer; the displacement fine-tuning slide (1203) is installed on the lower surface of the outer sleeve (02); the limit block (1202) is installed on the lower side of the displacement fine-tuning slide (1203); there are two hydraulic buffers, which are installed in the buffer fixing holes of the inner sleeve (01); the position of the limit block (1202) relative to the displacement fine-tuning slide (1203) is adjusted according to the actual working conditions, and at the end of the drilling process, the rear surface of the hydraulic buffer contacts the front surface of the limit block (1202), so that the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device provides a damping force to the pneumatic drill in the opposite direction of the feed direction. . 4. The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the quick disassembly and assembly module (2) comprises a fastening screw, a positioning ring (2103), a positioning groove (2104) and a limit ring (2105); the positioning ring (2103) is installed at the port on the side where the outer sleeve (02) is connected to the pneumatic drill (4), and when the pneumatic drill (4) is inserted into the outer sleeve (02), the positioning ring (2103) cooperates with the side surface (4101) of the cylindrical area at the front end of the pneumatic drill to realize the quick positioning of the pneumatic drill (4); the positioning groove (2104) is opened on the side of the outer sleeve (02) where the pneumatic drill (4) is inserted. On the inner side, the inherent end face (4102) of the pneumatic drill cooperates with the positioning grooves (2104) on both sides respectively, so as to limit the rotation of the pneumatic drill (4) in the outer sleeve (02); the limiting ring (2105) is installed on the inner side of the pneumatic drill (4) insertion side of the outer sleeve (02), adjacent to the positioning groove (2104), and the front end surface (4103) of the pneumatic drill is tightly fitted with the limiting ring (2105), so as to limit the pneumatic drill (4) from sliding along the axis of the sleeve during use; the fastening screw acts on the inherent end face (4102) of the pneumatic drill, and the inherent end face (4102) of the pneumatic drill is clamped by the fastening screw to meet the compatibility of the auxiliary device. 5. The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device according to claim 1 is characterized in that a limiter is installed on the micro guide rail, and the feed stroke is adjusted according to actual conditions so that the micro slider stops moving when it moves to the limiter position, thereby terminating the pneumatic drilling feed. 6. The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the outwardly inclined and sideways structural design of the three-point normal vector alignment positioning block (3101) helps to improve the stability of the device when making holes.