CN120038300A - Battery shell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Battery shell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN120038300A CN120038300A CN202510011400.0A CN202510011400A CN120038300A CN 120038300 A CN120038300 A CN 120038300A CN 202510011400 A CN202510011400 A CN 202510011400A CN 120038300 A CN120038300 A CN 120038300A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
- H01M50/119—Metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
- H01M50/128—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a battery shell and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of preheating a die, adding three layers of composite materials into a die cavity of the die, wherein the three layers of composite materials comprise a core layer and outer layers arranged on two sides of the core layer, the outer layers are semi-solid aluminum alloy materials, the core layer is semi-solid magnesium alloy materials, the thickness of the core layer is 85-95% of the thickness of the three layers of composite materials, and then die casting is carried out to obtain the battery shell, wherein the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy materials is 30-50%, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy materials is 30-50%, the aluminum alloy materials contain 4-6% of Si by mass, the magnesium alloy materials contain 0-0.05% of Si by mass, and the magnesium alloy materials contain crystal refiner.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery shell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the popularization of electric vehicles, the weight reduction of electric vehicles is a great concern, and battery modules of electric vehicles occupy a large specific gravity in the overall weight of vehicles, so how to reduce the weight of battery modules is an important research direction for the weight reduction of electric vehicles. In the traditional lithium battery, an aluminum alloy shell is taken as a main material, the aluminum alloy has better corrosion resistance, heat conduction and mechanical strength, however, the specific strength of the aluminum alloy is lower than that of the magnesium alloy, and the magnesium alloy has better casting performance, and the mechanical strength of the aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1.2mm can be achieved at the thickness of 0.6mm, so that the magnesium alloy material is taken as the shell to more meet the requirement of light weight of an automobile.
The semi-solid processing technology is a near net forming technology, can produce light, thin and high-strength castings, and is suitable for the production of battery shells. However, commercial semi-solid aluminum alloys and semi-solid magnesium alloys both contain higher Si content, si can improve the fluidity of the semi-solid materials, and can obtain castings with low defects and high mechanical strength, however Si can cause a great reduction in the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the materials, for example, the theoretical coefficient of thermal conductivity of AS21 magnesium alloy is about 68W (m×k), if the AS21 material is used for preparing a battery case, the heat dissipation requirement of the battery case cannot be met, if the Si content is reduced, the fluidity of the semi-solid materials cannot meet the requirement, shrinkage cavities are easily generated in the solidification process, the mechanical strength and the thermal conductivity of the castings are further affected, and the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy materials is poor, cannot be directly applied to the battery case, and often surface corrosion prevention treatment is also required.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for a battery case having light weight, high strength, and good thermal conductivity, and a method for manufacturing the same, to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a battery shell and a preparation method thereof.
The first aspect of the application provides a battery shell, comprising the steps of preheating a die, adding a three-layer composite material into a die cavity of the die, wherein the three-layer composite material comprises a core layer and outer layers arranged on two sides of the core layer, the outer layers are made of semi-solid aluminum alloy materials, the core layer is made of semi-solid magnesium alloy materials, the thickness of the core layer is 85-95% of the thickness of the three-layer composite material, and then performing die casting to obtain the battery shell;
The solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 30-50%, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 30-50%, the aluminum alloy material contains 4-6% of Si by mass, the magnesium alloy material contains 0-0.05% of Si by mass, and the magnesium alloy material contains a crystal refiner.
In the application, two semi-solid alloy materials are used for preparing the battery shell, in the die casting process, each layer of material keeps laminar flow, only a small amount of liquid phase exchange exists at the interface, and finally the battery shell taking the semi-solid magnesium alloy material as a core layer and the semi-solid aluminum alloy material as an outer layer is formed. The aluminum alloy material has higher content of Si element, higher fluidity, can drive the magnesium alloy material to flow in the die casting process, can compensate shrinkage cavities generated by the magnesium alloy in the solidification process, avoids reducing the heat conductivity coefficient of mechanical strength due to the shrinkage cavities, can prevent the magnesium alloy from being corroded by external environment as an outer layer, thereby needing no anti-corrosion means of nickel plating on the battery shell, has lower Si concentration, can reduce the formation of Mg 2 Si phase, has higher heat conductivity coefficient, can improve the heat dissipation effect of the battery shell, and can promote the refinement of crystal grains by adding a refiner to compensate the defect of fluidity, improve the mechanical strength of the magnesium alloy, and the magnesium alloy core layer is used as the main component of the battery shell, can further reduce the weight of the battery shell and can not lead to the reduction of the strength of the battery shell.
Further, the preparation method of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material and the preparation method of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material are independently selected from one of an electromagnetic stirring method, a gas induction method, an ultrasonic stirring method, a mechanical stirring method or an inclined plane method. The preparation method can be used for preparing the semi-solid material, and different preparation methods can be selected according to different properties of the material. Further, the preparation method of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is a gas induction method, and the preparation method of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is a gas induction method. The gas induction method can prepare the semi-solid material with finer crystals, and can further improve the fluidity and mechanical strength of the semi-solid material.
Further, the crystal refiner comprises Ca and/or Sr. The crystal refiner containing Ca and/or Sr can effectively promote the refinement of the magnesium alloy, wherein the Sr can improve the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy.
Further, the die casting speed is 1200-1500mm/min. The use of a relatively high die casting rate prevents the layers of semi-solid materials from excessively solidifying during die casting to reduce fluidity, and particularly, the outer layer is in direct contact with the inner wall of the die, the temperature reduction rate is relatively fast, and the excessively slow die casting rate may cause the outer layer to separate from the core layer during die casting, so that complete coating cannot be formed on the core layer. If the die casting speed is too high, each layer is difficult to maintain a stable laminar state in the die casting process, and gas rolling and oxidation doping are easy to generate.
Further, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 30%, and the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 50%. The semi-solid aluminum alloy material of the outer layer is in direct contact with the inner wall of the die, has a high heat exchange rate, needs to keep a low solid phase fraction to avoid the situation that the fluidity cannot meet the requirement due to the increase of the solid phase fraction in the die casting process, and has a high solid phase fraction, so that the reduction of the heat conduction performance and the mechanical performance caused by shrinkage cavities generated in the cooling process is reduced.
Further, the magnesium alloy material contains 0.5-1.5% Sr by mass fraction. The Sr with a certain content is beneficial to improving the mechanical strength and the fluidity of the magnesium alloy and does not cause the obvious reduction of the heat conducting property.
Further, the semi-solid aluminum alloy material, the semi-solid magnesium alloy material and the semi-solid aluminum alloy material are slowly added into a pressing chamber in sequence to form the three-layer composite material. By forming the three-layer composite material in the pressing chamber, the production efficiency can be improved, and the solid phase fraction and the crystal structure are prevented from being changed in the transfer process of the semi-solid material. Slow addition can avoid intermixing of the three layers of composite material.
Further, the outer layer comprises a bottom layer close to the lower die and a top layer far away from the lower die, and the thickness ratio of the bottom layer to the top layer is (1-2): 1. The contact time of the bottom layer and the die is long, and the thickness of the bottom layer needs to be controlled to avoid the poor fluidity caused by too fast solidification of the too thin bottom layer in die casting.
The application also provides a battery shell prepared by the preparation method, wherein the battery shell is made of an aluminum alloy material and a composite magnesium alloy material.
The battery case has excellent mechanical strength and thermal conductivity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of the scheme.
Fig. 2 is a golden phase diagram of the battery case of example 1.
Fig. 3 is a golden phase diagram of the battery case of comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described more fully hereinafter in order to facilitate an understanding of the present application. This application may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, for example two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "several" means at least one, such as one, two, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the application, the technical characteristics described in an open mode comprise a closed technical scheme composed of the listed characteristics and also comprise an open technical scheme comprising the listed characteristics.
In the present application, the numerical ranges are referred to as continuous, and include the minimum and maximum values of the ranges, and each value between the minimum and maximum values, unless otherwise specified. Further, when a range refers to an integer, each integer between the minimum and maximum values of the range is included. Further, when multiple range description features or characteristics are provided, the ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to include any and all subranges subsumed therein.
The percentage content referred to in the present application refers to mass percentage for both solid-liquid mixing and solid-solid mixing and volume percentage for liquid-liquid mixing unless otherwise specified.
The percentage concentrations referred to in the present application refer to the final concentrations unless otherwise specified. The final concentration refers to the ratio of the additive component in the system after the component is added.
The temperature parameter in the present application is not particularly limited, and may be a constant temperature treatment or a treatment within a predetermined temperature range. The constant temperature process allows the temperature to fluctuate within the accuracy of the instrument control.
The "particles" or substances defining the particle size distribution mentioned in the present application are not necessarily spherical in shape, but may be irregular, and may be primary particles or secondary particles. The irregular particle size is calculated as the average of its maximum and minimum diameters.
A schematic flow chart of the preparation method of the scheme is shown in FIG. 1. The inventive solution can be used for manufacturing square battery cases as in fig. 2.
Example 1a method of making a battery enclosure comprising the steps of:
Preparing a semi-solid magnesium alloy material by a gas induction method, preparing a semi-solid aluminum alloy material by the gas induction method, introducing inert gas argon into a pressure chamber preheated to 550 ℃, and then slowly adding the semi-solid aluminum alloy material, the semi-solid magnesium alloy material and the semi-solid aluminum alloy material into the pressure chamber in sequence, wherein the volume ratio is 1:8.5:0.5, so as to obtain the three-layer composite material, the thickness of a core layer is 85% of the thickness of the three-layer composite material, and the thickness ratio of a bottom layer to a top layer is 2:1.
The steps of the gas induction method comprise that 5L/min of nitrogen is introduced into a metal melt body at 20 ℃ above liquidus, and after the solid phase fraction of the melt body reaches a required range, semi-solid materials are obtained, and the steps of the gas induction method of other examples and comparative examples are consistent with those of example 1.
Wherein, when the alloy material is poured into the pressing chamber, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 30 percent, and the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 30 percent. The semi-solid aluminum alloy material comprises 6% of Si, 0.30% of Mg, 0.1% of Fe, 0.1% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 0.05% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti and the balance of Al. The semi-solid magnesium alloy comprises 2% of Zn, 0.5% of Sr and the balance of Mg.
And pressing the three-layer composite material into a cavity of a square battery mold through a pressure head for filling, wherein the pressure casting speed is 1200mm/min, the pressure is 400MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 20S, so that the battery shell is obtained.
Example 2a method of making a battery enclosure comprising the steps of:
Preparing a semi-solid magnesium alloy material by a gas induction method, preparing a semi-solid aluminum alloy material by the gas induction method, introducing inert gas argon into a pressure chamber preheated to 500 ℃, and then slowly adding the semi-solid aluminum alloy material, the semi-solid magnesium alloy material and the semi-solid aluminum alloy material into the pressure chamber in sequence, wherein the volume ratio is 0.3:9.5:0.2, so as to obtain the three-layer composite material, the thickness of a core layer is 95% of the thickness of the three-layer composite material, and the thickness ratio of a bottom layer to a top layer is 1.5:1.
Wherein, when the alloy material is poured into the pressing chamber, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 30 percent, and the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 30 percent. The semi-solid aluminum alloy material comprises 6% of Si, 0.30% of Mg, 0.1% of Fe, 0.1% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 0.05% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti and the balance of Al. The semi-solid magnesium alloy comprises 2% of Zn, 0.5% of Sr and the balance of Mg.
And pressing the three-layer composite material into a cavity of a square battery mold through a pressure head for filling, wherein the pressure casting speed is 1200mm/min, the pressure is 400MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 20S, so that the battery shell is obtained.
Example 3a method of making a battery enclosure comprising the steps of:
Preparing a semi-solid magnesium alloy material by a gas induction method, preparing a semi-solid aluminum alloy material by the gas induction method, introducing inert gas argon into a pressure chamber preheated to 550 ℃, and then slowly adding the semi-solid aluminum alloy material, the semi-solid magnesium alloy material and the semi-solid aluminum alloy material into the pressure chamber in sequence, wherein the volume ratio is 1:8.5:0.5, so as to obtain the three-layer composite material, the thickness of a core layer is 85% of the thickness of the three-layer composite material, and the thickness ratio of a bottom layer to a top layer is 2:1.
Wherein, when the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is poured into the pressing chamber, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 50 percent, and the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 50 percent. The semi-solid aluminum alloy material comprises 6% of Si, 0.30% of Mg, 0.1% of Fe, 0.1% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 0.05% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti and the balance of Al. The semi-solid magnesium alloy comprises 2% of Zn, 0.5% of Sr and the balance of Mg.
And pressing the three-layer composite material into a cavity of a square battery mold through a pressure head for filling, wherein the pressure casting speed is 1200mm/min, the pressure is 400MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 20S, so that the battery shell is obtained.
Example 4a method of making a battery enclosure comprising the steps of:
Preparing a semi-solid magnesium alloy material by an electromagnetic stirring method, preparing a semi-solid aluminum alloy material by the electromagnetic stirring method, introducing inert gas argon into a pressing chamber preheated to 550 ℃, and then slowly adding the semi-solid aluminum alloy material, the semi-solid magnesium alloy material and the semi-solid aluminum alloy material into the pressing chamber in sequence, wherein the volume ratio is 1:8.5:0.5, so as to obtain the three-layer composite material, the thickness of a core layer is 85% of the thickness of the three-layer composite material, and the thickness ratio of a bottom layer to a top layer is 2:1.
Wherein, when the alloy material is poured into the pressing chamber, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 30 percent, and the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 30 percent. The semi-solid aluminum alloy material comprises 6% of Si, 0.30% of Mg, 0.1% of Fe, 0.1% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 0.05% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti and the balance of Al. The semi-solid magnesium alloy comprises 2% of Zn, 0.5% of Sr, 0.15% of Ca and the balance of Mg.
And pressing the three-layer composite material into a cavity of a square battery mold through a pressure head for filling, wherein the die casting speed is 1500mm/min, the pressure is 400MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 20S, so that the battery shell is obtained.
Example 5a method of making a battery enclosure comprising the steps of:
Preparing a semi-solid magnesium alloy material by a gas induction method, preparing a semi-solid aluminum alloy material by the gas induction method, introducing inert gas argon into a pressure chamber preheated to 550 ℃, and then slowly adding the semi-solid aluminum alloy material, the semi-solid magnesium alloy material and the semi-solid aluminum alloy material into the pressure chamber in sequence, wherein the volume ratio is 1:8.5:0.5, so as to obtain the three-layer composite material, the thickness of a core layer is 85% of the thickness of the three-layer composite material, and the thickness ratio of a bottom layer to a top layer is 2:1.
Wherein, when the alloy material is poured into the pressing chamber, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 50 percent, and the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 30 percent. The semi-solid aluminum alloy material comprises 6% of Si, 0.30% of Mg, 0.1% of Fe, 0.1% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 0.05% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti and the balance of Al. The semi-solid magnesium alloy comprises 2% of Zn, 0.5% of Sr, 0.25% of Ca and the balance of Mg.
And pressing the three-layer composite material into a cavity of a square battery mold through a pressure head for filling, wherein the pressure casting speed is 1200mm/min, the pressure is 400MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 20S, so that the battery shell is obtained.
Example 6A method for preparing a battery case comprising the steps of:
Preparing a semi-solid magnesium alloy material by a gas induction method, preparing a semi-solid aluminum alloy material by the gas induction method, introducing inert gas argon into a pressure chamber preheated to 550 ℃, and then slowly adding the semi-solid aluminum alloy material, the semi-solid magnesium alloy material and the semi-solid aluminum alloy material into the pressure chamber in sequence, wherein the volume ratio is 1:8.5:0.5, so as to obtain the three-layer composite material, the thickness of a core layer is 85% of the thickness of the three-layer composite material, and the thickness ratio of a bottom layer to a top layer is 2:1.
Wherein, when the alloy material is poured into the pressing chamber, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 30 percent, and the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 30 percent. The semi-solid aluminum alloy material comprises 6% of Si, 0.30% of Mg, 0.1% of Fe, 0.1% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 0.05% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti and the balance of Al. The semi-solid magnesium alloy comprises 2% of Zn, 0.5% of Sr, 0.05% of Si and the balance of Mg.
And pressing the three-layer composite material into a cavity of a square battery mold through a pressure head for filling, wherein the pressure casting speed is 1200mm/min, the pressure is 400MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 20S, so that the battery shell is obtained.
Comparative example 1a method for manufacturing a battery case comprising the steps of:
And preparing a semi-solid magnesium alloy material by a gas induction method, and slowly adding the semi-solid magnesium alloy material into a pressing chamber.
Wherein, when the alloy is poured into a pressing chamber (the pressing chamber is preheated to 550 ℃ and protective gas is introduced), the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 30 percent, and the components (mass fraction) of the semi-solid magnesium alloy are 2 percent of Zn, 0.5 percent of Sr and the balance of Mg.
Pressing the semisolid magnesium alloy material into a cavity of a square battery die through a pressure head for filling, wherein the die casting speed is 1200mm/min, the pressure is 400MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 20S, so that the battery shell is obtained.
Comparative example 2a method for manufacturing a battery case comprising the steps of:
and preparing a semi-solid aluminum alloy material by a gas induction method, and slowly adding the semi-solid aluminum alloy material into a pressing chamber.
Wherein, when the alloy material is poured into a pressing chamber (the pressing chamber is preheated to 550 ℃ and protective gas is introduced), the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 30 percent. The semi-solid aluminum alloy material comprises 6% of Si, 0.30% of Mg, 0.1% of Fe, 0.1% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 0.05% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti and the balance of Al.
Pressing the semi-solid aluminum alloy material into a cavity of a square battery mold through a pressure head for filling, wherein the pressure casting speed is 1200mm/min, the pressure is 400MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 20S, so that the battery shell is obtained.
Comparative example 3a method for manufacturing a battery case comprising the steps of:
Preparing a semi-solid magnesium alloy material by a gas induction method, preparing a semi-solid aluminum alloy material by the gas induction method, sequentially and slowly adding the semi-solid aluminum alloy material, the semi-solid magnesium alloy material and the semi-solid aluminum alloy material into a pressing chamber, wherein the volume ratio is 1:8.5:0.5, and the three-layer composite material is obtained, the thickness of a core layer is 85% of the thickness of the three-layer composite material, and the thickness ratio of a bottom layer to a top layer is 2:1.
Wherein, when the alloy material is poured into the pressing chamber, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 30 percent, and the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 30 percent. The semi-solid aluminum alloy material comprises 2% of Si, 0.30% of Mg, 0.1% of Fe, 0.1% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 0.05% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti and the balance of Al. The semi-solid magnesium alloy comprises 2% of Zn, 0.5% of Sr and the balance of Mg.
And pressing the three-layer composite material into a cavity of a square battery mold through a pressure head for filling, wherein the pressure casting speed is 1200mm/min, the pressure is 400MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 20S, so that the battery shell is obtained.
Wherein, when the alloy material is poured into the pressing chamber, the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid magnesium alloy material is 30 percent, and the solid phase fraction of the semi-solid aluminum alloy material is 30 percent. The semi-solid aluminum alloy material comprises 6% of Si, 0.30% of Mg, 0.1% of Fe, 0.1% of Cu, 0.1% of Mn, 0.05% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti and the balance of Al. The semi-solid magnesium alloy comprises 2% of Zn and the balance of Mg.
And pressing the three-layer composite material into a cavity of a square battery mold through a pressure head for filling, wherein the pressure casting speed is 1200mm/min, the pressure is 400MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 20S, so that the battery shell is obtained.
The battery cases prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to tensile strength and heat conductive property tests, to obtain table 1. The tensile strength is measured according to the method disclosed in national standard GB/T228.1-2010 section 1 of tensile test of metallic materials: room temperature test method, and the thermal conductivity is measured according to the method disclosed in ISO8301 AMD 1-2010.
TABLE 1
From the data in table 1, the tensile strength and the heat conductivity of examples 1 to 6 are better than those of comparative example 1, because the present application uses two semi-solid alloy materials to prepare the battery case, and in the die casting process, each layer of material keeps laminar flow, and only a small amount of liquid phase exchange exists at the interface, so that the battery case using the semi-solid magnesium alloy material as the core layer and the semi-solid aluminum alloy material as the outer layer is finally formed. The aluminum alloy material has higher content of Si element, higher fluidity, can drive the magnesium alloy material to flow in the die casting process, can compensate shrinkage cavities generated by the magnesium alloy in the solidification process, avoids reducing the heat conductivity coefficient of mechanical strength due to the shrinkage cavities, can prevent the magnesium alloy from being corroded by external environment as an outer layer, thereby avoiding the need of carrying out a nickel plating anti-corrosion means on a battery shell, has lower Si concentration, can reduce the formation of Mg 2 Si phase, has higher heat conductivity coefficient, can improve the heat dissipation effect of the battery shell, and can promote the refinement of crystal grains, compensate the defect of fluidity and improve the mechanical strength of the battery shell by adding a refiner. As shown in fig. 2, no obvious pores appear at the magnesium-aluminum interface of the battery case, and the aluminum layer compensates for the defects of the magnesium layer. In comparative example 2, an aluminum alloy was used as the outer shell, and the density was 1.5 times or more that of the magnesium alloy, which did not meet the requirement for weight reduction. As shown in fig. 3, comparative example 3 uses an aluminum alloy having a lower Si content, which has poor fluidity, and many shrinkage cavities or even gaps are generated at the interface during solidification, resulting in a decrease in tensile strength and thermal conductivity.
Example 2 has higher tensile strength and thermal conductivity than example 1 because of its higher core layer occupancy and higher thermal conductivity and tensile strength of the core. Example 3 used a higher solid fraction semi-solid magnesium alloy material and semi-solid aluminum alloy material, which was somewhat less likely to have reduced performance than the example, because the high solid fraction magnesium alloy material had less shrinkage cavity during cooling, but the high solid fraction aluminum alloy material had lower fluidity during die casting, which was likely to produce underfill and voids, but the performance was still improved over comparative example 1. Example 5 has better tensile strength and thermal conductivity than example 1, probably because it uses a lower solid fraction semi-solid aluminum alloy material that maintains better fluidity during die casting, while a higher solid fraction semi-solid magnesium alloy material has less shrinkage voids. In example 6, a magnesium alloy having 0.05% Si was used, and the tensile strength was slightly improved.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202510011400.0A CN120038300B (en) | 2025-01-03 | 2025-01-03 | Battery shell and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004249311A (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-09-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Metal injection molding method |
| US20120193061A1 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-02 | Dongguan Grand Fame Industry | Method and device for manufacturing cover including multiple metal layers |
| CN103920734A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 北京科技大学 | Extrusion moulding mold and method in semi-solid state preparation method of aluminium-coating magnesium composite pipe |
| US20160008878A1 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2016-01-14 | Zoltrix Material (Guangzhou) Limited | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
| CN220749001U (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2024-04-09 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Powertrain and vehicle |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004249311A (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-09-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Metal injection molding method |
| US20120193061A1 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-02 | Dongguan Grand Fame Industry | Method and device for manufacturing cover including multiple metal layers |
| US20160008878A1 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2016-01-14 | Zoltrix Material (Guangzhou) Limited | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
| CN103920734A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 北京科技大学 | Extrusion moulding mold and method in semi-solid state preparation method of aluminium-coating magnesium composite pipe |
| CN220749001U (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2024-04-09 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Powertrain and vehicle |
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