CN120001536A - A novel flotation method and device for fine particles enhanced by turbulence - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel micro-fine particle turbulence-enhanced flotation method and device, wherein the device comprises a static separation mechanism and a turbulence flotation mechanism arranged below the static separation mechanism, the turbulence flotation mechanism comprises a turbulence flotation cylinder, an axial lifting impeller arranged at the bottom of the turbulence flotation cylinder and a submerged rotor assembly arranged above the axial lifting impeller, the submerged rotor assembly comprises a plurality of submerged rotors, the submerged rotors are arranged in at least two layers in the vertical direction, and each layer at least comprises 2 submerged rotors which are symmetrically arranged. The submerged type stirring and short shaft stirring are combined, the submerged type rotor component is immersed in ore pulp and directly acts on a turbulent flow flotation core area, energy loss can be reduced, local ore pulp mixing efficiency is improved, a short shaft design shortens a power transmission path, vibration and energy loss are reduced, impeller rotation is more stable, and therefore overall flow field uniformity is enhanced.

Description

Novel micro-fine particle turbulence enhanced flotation method and device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation, in particular to a novel micro-particle turbulence reinforced flotation method and device capable of realizing the reinforcement of a fine-particle mineral flotation process.

Background

With the continuous increase of global energy demands and continuous decline of mineral resource grades, the traditional mineral separation technology faces double challenges of efficiency bottleneck and resource waste. As the largest mineral consumption country worldwide, the production value of the solid mineral mining and selecting industry in China breaks through trillion yuan. However, the increase in the ratio of "lean, fine, miscellaneous" low-grade ores results in significant inefficiency in the recovery of the useful minerals. The useful minerals in these low grade ores are typically embedded in fine particulate form and require grinding of the raw ore to below 20 microns for effective dissociation. In addition, in modern large-scale mechanized mining processes, ores are prone to producing large amounts of fine particles during blasting, excavation and transportation. The existence of the micro-fine minerals not only increases the beneficiation difficulty, but also reduces the resource recovery rate, and becomes a key factor for restricting the efficient utilization of mineral resources. Therefore, it is important to intensively study the cause of the fine-grained minerals and develop a targeted beneficiation technology.

The fine-grain minerals have the characteristics of extremely small grain size, high surface energy, easy mud formation and the like, so that the recovery difficulty is high. Froth flotation technology is one of the most effective methods for separating fine-grained minerals, which achieves separation of useful minerals from gangue by physicochemical action, depending on differences in the surface properties of the minerals. The high surface energy of the micro-fine particle mineral can make the micro-fine particle mineral easily act with a flotation agent, and the flotation method has high selectivity, so that the recovery rate of the micro-fine particle mineral can be remarkably improved. However, as the size of the flotation feed is continuously reduced, the recovery effect of the traditional flotation process on the ultrafine minerals is not ideal, and breakthroughs in the aspects of flotation process and equipment are needed.

At present, flotation equipment commonly used in mineral processing plants in China mainly comprises a flotation machine and a flotation column. The flotation machine has the advantages of high separation efficiency, strong applicability, large treatment capacity, high automation degree and the like, and is widely applied to various concentrating mills. However, flotation machines are less effective in treating fine-grained minerals below 20 microns, mainly due to low bubble to particle contact efficiency, insufficient flotation power, large dosage requirements, and low separation efficiency.

The flotation column has longer pulp residence time and stable foam layer, can realize finer separation, and is especially suitable for treating micro-fine mineral. The flotation column has simple structure, no mechanical stirring device, lower energy consumption and relatively lower running cost. In addition, the flotation column is easy to realize automatic control, the operation parameters can be flexibly optimized by adjusting the bubble generator, the liquid level, the adding amount of the medicament and the like, and the production efficiency and the process stability are improved. Representative types of flotation columns include Jameson flotation columns, cyclone microbubble flotation columns, microcel flotation columns, and other novel flotation columns. However, flotation columns still have certain limitations in engineering practice, such as poor handling of coarse-grained minerals, because coarse grains are not easily in sufficient contact with bubbles in a static environment. Furthermore, although the flotation columns occupy a smaller area, in order to increase the flotation effect, it is often necessary to increase the column height, which makes the installation and maintenance of the flotation columns more complicated. The adaptability of the flotation column to complex ores or conditions of agents that vary widely is also less flexible than conventional flotation machines.

To address the above challenges, researchers have recently proposed the concept of a two-stage flotation device, combining agitation turbulence with static classification, effectively alleviating the dilemma of current flotation technology. The two-stage flotation equipment not only improves the recovery rate and selectivity of the micro-particle minerals, but also ensures the recovery effect of coarse-particle minerals, and simultaneously reduces the energy consumption and the occupied area of the equipment.

For example, patent CN116422477a discloses a turbulent flotation machine suitable for efficient sorting of ultra-fine particles. According to the flotation machine, turbulent flotation and static separation are combined, mineral particles are combined with bubbles to form mineralized bubbles under a high-turbulence environment, and then the mineralized bubbles enter a static separation area to float upwards under a low-turbulence environment, so that the shedding probability of the mineral particles is greatly reduced. However, such flotation machines still have some drawbacks. As described in patent CN119216112a, the turbulent flotation zone is too large, resulting in low energy utilization and difficulty in increasing the turbulence intensity of the pulp. In addition, the impeller cannot generate shearing forces in different directions, and symmetrical flow of fluid is difficult to break.

Accordingly, there is a need for further improvements in the art to provide a more reliable flotation solution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a novel micro-fine particle turbulence reinforced flotation device aiming at the defects in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the novel micro-particle turbulence reinforced flotation device comprises a static separation mechanism and a turbulence flotation mechanism arranged below the static separation mechanism;

The turbulent flotation mechanism comprises a turbulent flotation cylinder, an axial lifting impeller arranged at the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder and a submerged rotor assembly arranged above the axial lifting impeller;

The submersible rotor assembly comprises a plurality of submersible rotors, wherein the submersible rotors are at least arranged in two layers in the vertical direction, and each layer at least comprises 2 submersible rotors which are symmetrically arranged;

The submerged rotor comprises a first motor connected to the turbulent flotation tube, a pore plate impeller connected with the first motor, a rotor cover connected with the tail end of the pore plate impeller, a horizontal rotating shaft in driving connection with the first motor, and a paddle impeller and a grid plate impeller which are arranged on the horizontal rotating shaft, wherein the pore plate impeller, the paddle impeller and the grid plate impeller are sequentially arranged from outside to inside and are all positioned in the turbulent flotation tube;

the rotation axis of the axial lifting impeller is arranged vertically and coincides with the neutral axis of the turbulent flotation tube, and the rotation axes of all submerged rotors are arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the neutral axis of the turbulent flotation tube.

Preferably, the submersible rotor assembly comprises 4 submersible rotors, wherein the 4 submersible rotors are arranged in two layers in the vertical direction, and each layer comprises 2 submersible rotors which are symmetrically arranged;

the 2 submerged rotors on the upper layer and the 2 submerged rotors on the lower layer are arranged in a staggered mode, so that 4 submerged rotors are arranged in a cross shape in a top view.

Preferably, a mounting column connected with the rotor cover is fixed on the first motor, the front end of the mounting column stretches into the turbulent flotation tube, a first shaft hole for the horizontal rotating shaft to pass through is formed in the middle of the mounting column, and a bearing is arranged between the first shaft hole and the horizontal rotating shaft;

the pore plate impeller comprises a plurality of pore plate impeller blades which are connected to the front end of the mounting column and are spirally arranged, and the tail ends of the pore plate impeller blades are connected with the inner wall of the rotor cover;

gaps are reserved between the paddle impellers and the grid plate impellers and the inner wall of the rotor cover, so that the paddle impellers and the grid plate impellers can rotate freely in the rotor cover;

The grid plate impeller comprises a plurality of grid plates connected to the horizontal rotating shaft, and the grid plates are provided with first grid holes arranged in the horizontal direction and second grid holes arranged in the vertical direction.

Preferably, the outer wall of the rotor cover is annularly provided with a plurality of guide plates, the guide plates are vertically connected to the outer wall of the turbulent flotation tube along the axial direction, and the guide plates are S-shaped along the length direction.

Preferably, the novel micro-fine particle turbulence reinforced flotation device further comprises a second motor and a vertical rotating shaft connected with the second motor in a driving manner, the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft stretches into the turbulent flotation cylinder through a second shaft hole formed in the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder, and the axial lifting impeller comprises a plurality of rectangular impeller plates which are connected with the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft and are spirally arranged.

Preferably, the bottom of the outer wall of the turbulent flotation cylinder is communicated with a feed pipe along the circumferential tangential direction;

The second shaft hole is connected with an air inlet sleeve, the air inlet sleeve is sleeved on the vertical rotating shaft and is communicated with the inside of the turbulent flotation cylinder, and a plurality of air inlet pipes communicated with the air inlet channels are connected to the air inlet sleeve.

Preferably, the static separation mechanism comprises a static flotation cylinder, a bowl-shaped collecting tank arranged at the bottom of the static flotation cylinder, a plurality of ore pulp dispersing plates arranged in the bowl-shaped collecting tank and arranged at the periphery of the upper end of the turbulent flotation cylinder along a ring shape, an umbrella-shaped top cover connected to the top of the ore pulp dispersing plates, and a plurality of baffle plates arranged on the inner wall of the static flotation cylinder and arranged along the ring shape, wherein the ore pulp dispersing plates are provided with ore pulp dispersing holes;

And when the ore pulp in the static flotation cylinder generates rotary flow under the rotation action of the axial lifting impeller, the lower surface of the obliquely arranged flow baffle is faced to the ore pulp which flows in a rotary way, so that the ore pulp is blocked.

Preferably, the bottom of the bowl-shaped collecting tank gradually protrudes upwards from the lowest position to the middle part to form a boss with a conical surface, the boss is arranged around the periphery of the upper end of the turbulent flotation cylinder, an opening in the middle of the boss forms a turbulent flow outlet communicated with the interior of the turbulent flotation cylinder, and the ore pulp dispersing plate is connected to the boss;

The inner wall of the boss is provided with a circulating pulp channel, the circulating pulp channel comprises an annular collecting channel which is arranged inside the boss and is communicated with the turbulent flow outlet, a backflow channel which is communicated with the annular collecting channel and the outer end of which is communicated with the conical surface of the boss, and a water drop-shaped pulp circulating hole is formed on the conical surface at the inner end of the backflow channel.

Preferably, the bowl-shaped collecting tank is internally provided with an annular air distribution pipe, the annular air distribution pipe is connected with an air supplementing pipe, the air supplementing pipe extends out of the static flotation cylinder from the lower part, and a plurality of air supplementing holes are formed in the bottom of the annular air distribution pipe.

Preferably, a cavity between the periphery of the bowl-shaped collecting tank and the inner wall of the static flotation cylinder forms a ring-shaped tailing collecting tank, the width of the baffle plate is larger than that of the tailing collecting tank, and a tailing pipe is connected to the tailing collecting tank;

The upper portion periphery of static flotation section of thick bamboo encircles and is provided with the concentrate groove, be connected with the concentrate pipe on the concentrate groove.

The invention further provides a novel micro-fine particle turbulence-enhanced flotation method, which adopts the device for flotation.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

(1) The invention provides a novel micro-fine particle turbulence reinforced flotation device, which combines submerged stirring and short shaft stirring, wherein a submerged rotor component is immersed in ore pulp and directly acts on a turbulence flotation core area, so that energy loss can be reduced, local ore pulp mixing efficiency is improved, a short shaft design shortens a power transmission path, vibration and energy loss are reduced, an impeller rotates more stably, and therefore, the uniformity of a strong overall flow field is improved, and the design combining the submerged stirring and the short shaft stirring not only improves the turbulence intensity of a turbulence flotation mechanism, but also saves energy consumption.

(2) The invention combines the orifice plate impeller, the paddle impeller and the grid plate impeller, combines the propulsion of the paddle impeller with the passive shearing dispersion capacity of the orifice plate impeller and the active shearing dispersion capacity of the grid plate impeller in the stirring process, and can obviously improve the mixing and mineralizing effects through functional complementation.

(3) According to the invention, through the design of the submerged rotors and the arrangement of a plurality of submerged rotors according to a special structure, multidirectional convection covering the whole turbulent flotation tube can be formed, and dead zone formation can be avoided.

(4) The invention adopts the bottom axial lifting impeller to break up air, the axial/radial composite flow field formed by the axial lifting impeller can maintain uniform flow of ore pulp, prevent dead zone or short-circuit flow caused by cavitation, enable ore pulp and bubbles to be fully mixed by turbulence generated by the axial lifting impeller, enhance the collision probability of ore particles and bubbles, form an air gathering area at the joint of the axial lifting impeller, prevent the ore pulp from flowing too much, reduce the abrasion of the impeller, and match the requirements of different ore particle sizes or gas flow by controlling the rotating speed of the axial lifting impeller.

(5) The invention adopts a bottom inflation design, a gas inlet of the bottom inflation is directly positioned at the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder, long pipelines or complex elbows are not needed to convey gas, the along-line pressure loss can be reduced, the traditional top inflation is required to be provided with complex mechanical seals at a high-speed rotating shaft, the bottom inflation can adopt static seals, the bearing pressure of the sealing surfaces is reduced by more than 60 percent, an axial lifting impeller directly acts on a gas-liquid mixed phase at the bottom, bubbles are rapidly sheared and dispersed, and the formation of a local high-pressure area caused by accumulation of large bubbles is avoided, so that the rotation resistance of the impeller is reduced.

(6) The invention adopts the design of the inclined flow baffle, and the inclined flow baffle weakens the disturbance of turbulent vortex to mineralized particles by changing the flow field direction, so that the mineralized particles settle more quickly and the entrainment is reduced. The baffle plate guides the ore pulp to form stable upper and lower layered flow, the upper part is a foam layer, and the lower part is a mineralized particle enrichment area, so that the residence time of particles in the foam layer is reduced.

(7) According to the invention, the inclined flow baffle plate, the bowl-shaped collecting tank and the circulating ore pulp channel in the boss are matched with the submerged rotor assembly, ore particles falling off by mineralized bubbles in the floating process enter the bowl-shaped collecting tank under the inclined flow baffle plate, and under the action of negative pressure suction generated by the submerged rotor assembly, the falling ore particles are sucked by the ore pulp circulating hole and then enter the turbulent flotation cylinder again through the circulating ore pulp channel for circulating mineralization, so that the concentrate recovery rate can be improved;

(8) According to the invention, a turbulent flow flotation cylinder bottom cyclone feeding design is adopted, ore pulp tangentially enters from the bottom to form a cyclone, heavy minerals are enriched towards the wall surface under the action of centrifugal force, and light minerals migrate towards the center, so that pre-separation is realized. The ore pulp cyclone is combined with the bottom air charging, bubbles are sheared into micron-sized and uniformly dispersed by the cyclone, the collision probability of ore particles and the bubbles is improved, the ore pulp rises along a spiral track, the residence time can be prolonged, the collision probability of the ore particles and the bubbles is improved, and the tangential speed generated by the cyclone can avoid bottom deposition.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic external structural view of a novel micro-particle turbulence-enhanced flotation device of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the novel micro-particle turbulence enhanced flotation device of example 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the novel micro-particulate turbulence-enhanced flotation device of example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of FIG. 3 taken along line A-A;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal part of FIG. 3, taken along line A-A;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view at B-B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of FIG. 3, taken along line B-B;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the static separation mechanism in embodiment 1;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the configuration of the axial lifting impeller and submersible rotor assembly of example 1 in combination;

FIG. 11 is a front view of the axial lifting impeller and submersible rotor assembly of example 1 mated;

FIG. 12 is a side view of the axial lifting impeller and submersible rotor assembly of example 1 mated;

FIG. 13 is a top view of the submersible rotor assembly of embodiment 1;

fig. 14 is an external structural schematic view of the submersible rotor in embodiment 1;

fig. 15 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the submersible rotor in embodiment 1;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the submersible rotor in example 1;

FIG. 17 shows the yields and ash index of clean coal and tail coal from three flotation devices CFM, TJW, XFD in the test examples;

fig. 18 shows flotation recovery index results for three flotation devices CFM, TJW, XFD in the test example.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-static separation mechanism, 11-static flotation cylinder, 12-bowl-shaped collecting tank, 13-ore pulp dispersing plate, 14-umbrella-shaped top cover, 15-baffle plate, 16-boss, 17-circulating ore pulp channel, 18-annular gas distribution pipe, 19-gas supplementing pipe, 161-conical surface, 131-ore pulp dispersing hole, 162-turbulence outlet, 171-annular collecting channel, 172-reflux channel and 173-ore pulp circulating hole;

2-a turbulent flotation mechanism;

3-turbulence flotation cylinder, 31-second shaft hole, 32-air inlet sleeve, 33-air inlet channel, 34-air inlet pipe, 35-feeding pipe and 36-cylinder bottom plate;

4, an axial lifting impeller, 41-a rectangular impeller plate;

5-submersible rotor assembly, 51-submersible rotor, 511-first motor, 512-orifice plate impeller, 513-rotor cover, 514-horizontal shaft, 515-paddle impeller, 516-grid plate impeller, 517-mounting post, 5131-deflector, 5171-first shaft hole, 5172-bearing, 5121-orifice plate impeller blade, 5161-grid plate, 5162-first grid hole, 5163-second grid hole;

6-a second motor, 61-a speed reducer and 62-a vertical rotating shaft;

7-a tailing collecting tank, 71-a tailing pipe;

8-concentrate tank and 81-concentrate pipe.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples to enable those skilled in the art to practice the same by referring to the description.

It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.

Example 1

The novel micro-fine particle turbulence-enhanced flotation device comprises a static separation mechanism 1 and a turbulence flotation mechanism 2 arranged below the static separation mechanism 1;

the turbulent flotation mechanism 2 comprises a turbulent flotation tube 3, an axial lifting impeller 4 arranged at the bottom of the turbulent flotation tube 3 and a submerged rotor assembly 5 arranged above the axial lifting impeller 4;

the submersible rotor assembly 5 comprises a plurality of submersible rotors 51, wherein the submersible rotors 51 are at least arranged in two layers in the vertical direction, and each layer at least comprises 2 submersible rotors 51 which are symmetrically arranged;

The submerged rotor 51 comprises a first motor 511 connected to the turbulent flotation tube 3, an orifice plate type impeller 512 connected to the first motor 511, a rotor cover 513 connected to the tail end of the orifice plate type impeller 512, a horizontal rotating shaft 514 in driving connection with the first motor 511, and a paddle impeller 515 and a grid plate 5161 impeller 516 arranged on the horizontal rotating shaft 514, wherein the orifice plate type impeller 512, the paddle impeller 515 and the grid plate 5161 impeller 516 are sequentially arranged from outside to inside and are all positioned inside the turbulent flotation tube 3;

The rotation axis of the axial lifting impeller 4 is arranged vertically and coincides with the neutral axis of the turbulent flotation tube 3, and the rotation axis of all submerged rotors 51 is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the neutral axis of the turbulent flotation tube 3.

Referring to fig. 10-13, in the present embodiment, the submersible rotor assembly 5 includes 4 submersible rotors 51, and the 4 submersible rotors 51 are arranged in two layers in the vertical direction, each layer including 2 symmetrically arranged submersible rotors 51;

the 2 submerged rotors 51 of the upper layer are arranged in an staggered manner with the 2 submerged rotors 51 of the lower layer, so that 4 submerged rotors 51 are arranged in a cross-like manner as seen in a plan view.

Referring to fig. 14-16, in this embodiment, a mounting column 517 connected to a rotor cover 513 is fixed on the first motor 511, the front end of the mounting column 517 extends into the turbulence flotation cylinder 3, a first shaft hole 5171 through which the horizontal rotating shaft 514 passes is formed in the middle of the mounting column 517, and a bearing 5172 is provided between the first shaft hole 5171 and the horizontal rotating shaft 514;

the orifice plate impeller 512 comprises a plurality of orifice plate impeller blades 5121 which are connected to the front end of the mounting column 517 and are spirally arranged, and the tail ends of the orifice plate impeller blades 5121 are connected with the inner wall of the rotor cover 513;

The paddle wheel 515 and the grid plate 5161 impeller 516 each leave a gap with the inner wall of the rotor cover 513 such that the paddle wheel 515 and the grid plate 5161 impeller 516 are free to rotate within the rotor cover 513;

The grid plate 5161 impeller 516 includes a plurality of grid plates 5161 connected to the horizontal rotation shaft 514, and the grid plates 5161 are provided with first grid holes 5162 opened in a horizontal direction and second grid holes 5163 opened in a vertical direction. In this embodiment, the asymmetric hollow structure is formed by adopting the grid holes formed in two different directions, so that the symmetrical flow of the fluid can be broken, more turbulence and vortex are generated, the residence time of the fluid in the high-shear area is increased, thereby improving the generation efficiency and the refinement degree of the microbubbles, simultaneously enabling the fluid to experience different shear forces in different areas, avoiding the local shear force from being too strong or too weak, and improving the uniformity of the microbubbles.

The submerged rotors 51 can generate strong pulp flow in the horizontal direction, and through the arrangement of the four submerged rotors 51 according to a special structure, the four submerged rotors are matched with the axial lifting impeller 4 and the limitation of the turbulent flotation tube 3 on space and the like, the convection and circulation of the pulp are promoted, the formation of dead zones is avoided, the mineralization effect can be effectively promoted, and the mineralization effect is further described below in connection with the flotation process.

In this embodiment, a plurality of flow deflectors 5131 are annularly disposed on the outer wall of the rotor cover 513, the flow deflectors 5131 are vertically connected to the outer wall of the turbulent flotation tube 3 along the axial direction, and the flow deflectors 5131 are S-shaped along the length direction. The S-shaped deflector 5131 can prolong the mutual collision action path of the pulp and the bubbles, plays a role in guiding the pulp, and also has an enhancement effect on the strength of the rotor cover 513.

In this embodiment, the novel micro-fine particle turbulence-enhanced flotation device further comprises a second motor 6, a speed reducer 61 in driving connection with an output shaft of the second motor 6, and a vertical rotating shaft 62 in driving connection with the speed reducer 61, wherein the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft 62 extends into the turbulent flotation cylinder 3 through a second shaft hole 31 formed in the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder 3, and the axial lifting impeller 4 comprises a plurality of rectangular impeller plates 41 which are connected to the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft 62 and are spirally arranged. The axial lifting impeller 4 is able to provide an upward conveying force for the pulp.

In the embodiment, the bottom of the outer wall of the turbulent flotation tube 3 is communicated with a feeding tube 35 along the circumferential tangential direction, and the feeding tube 35 is fed tangentially, so that rotational flow can be generated in the turbulent flotation tube 3, the rotational flow direction is the same as the rotation direction of the vertical rotating shaft 62, and the rotational flow effect is beneficial to enhancing the collision of ore pulp and bubbles.

In this embodiment, the bottom of the turbulent flotation tank 3 is provided with a tank floor 36.

In this embodiment, an air inlet sleeve 32 is connected to the second shaft hole 31, the air inlet sleeve 32 is sleeved on the vertical rotating shaft 62, and an air inlet channel 33 is reserved between the air inlet sleeve 32 and the vertical rotating shaft 62, the upper part of the air inlet channel 33 is communicated to the inside of the turbulent flotation tube 3, and a plurality of air inlet pipes 34 communicated with the air inlet channel 33 are connected to the air inlet sleeve 32.

In the embodiment, the static separation mechanism 1 comprises a static flotation cylinder 11, a bowl-shaped collecting tank 12 arranged at the bottom of the static flotation cylinder 11, a plurality of ore pulp dispersing plates 13 arranged in the bowl-shaped collecting tank 12 and arranged on the periphery of the upper end of the turbulent flotation cylinder 3 along a ring shape, an umbrella-shaped top cover 14 connected to the top of the ore pulp dispersing plates 13, and a plurality of baffle plates 15 arranged on the inner wall of the static flotation cylinder 11 and arranged along the ring shape, wherein the ore pulp dispersing plates 13 are provided with ore pulp dispersing holes 131;

The baffle plates 15 are obliquely arranged along the length direction, and the oblique direction of the baffle plates 15 ensures that when the ore pulp in the static flotation cylinder 11 generates rotary flow under the rotary action of the axial lifting impeller 4, the lower surfaces of the obliquely arranged baffle plates 15 face to the ore pulp flowing in a rotary way, so that the ore pulp is blocked. This arrangement of the baffle 15 can efficiently reduce the kinetic energy of the upward flow. The baffle 15 is generally inclined at an angle of 45-60 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, and the gravity component is used to accelerate the particles to slide along the plate surface. In this example 60 deg..

The umbrella-shaped top cover 14 ensures the fixing strength of each ore pulp dispersing plate 13 on one hand, and can generate a certain blocking effect on the upward flow of ore pulp discharged by the turbulent flow outlet 162 on the other hand, thereby being beneficial to maintaining the static separation environment of a static separation area, and the ore pulp dispersing plates 13 and the baffle plates 15 can generate blocking and inhibiting effects on the rotational flow of the ore pulp so as to create the static separation environment.

In the embodiment, the bottom of the bowl-shaped collecting tank 12 gradually protrudes upwards from the lowest position to the middle part to form a boss 16 with a conical surface 161 which is arranged around the periphery of the upper end of the turbulent flotation tube 3, the opening in the middle part of the boss 16 forms a turbulent flow outlet 162 communicated with the interior of the turbulent flotation tube 3, and the ore pulp dispersion plate 13 is connected to the boss 16;

The inner wall of the boss 16 is provided with a circulating pulp channel 17, the circulating pulp channel 17 comprises an annular collecting channel 171 which is arranged inside the boss 16 and is communicated with the turbulence outlet 162, and a backflow channel 172 which is communicated with the annular collecting channel 171 at the inner end and penetrates through the conical surface 161 of the boss 16 at the outer end, and a water drop-shaped pulp circulating hole 173 is formed on the conical surface 161 at the inner end of the backflow channel 172.

In this embodiment, an annular air distribution pipe 18 is further disposed in the bowl-shaped collecting tank 12, an air supplementing pipe 19 is connected to the annular air distribution pipe 18, the air supplementing pipe 19 extends out of the static flotation tube 11 from the lower side, and a plurality of air supplementing holes are formed in the bottom of the annular air distribution pipe 18. In this embodiment, the annular air distribution pipe 18 is disposed at the lowest position of the bottom of the bowl-shaped collecting tank 12, and air blown in from the air supplementing pipe 19 enters the bowl-shaped collecting tank 12 through the air supplementing holes on the annular air distribution pipe 18 to collide with pulp particles therein.

In the embodiment, a cavity between the periphery of the bowl-shaped collecting tank 12 and the inner wall of the static flotation tank 11 forms a ring-shaped tailing collecting tank 7, the width of the baffle 15 is larger than that of the tailing collecting tank 7, and the tailing collecting tank 7 is connected with a tailing pipe 71;

the upper periphery of the static flotation cartridge 11 is circumferentially provided with a concentrate tank 8, and the concentrate tank 8 is connected with a concentrate pipe 81.

In this embodiment, the air inlet pipe 34 and the air supplementing pipe 19 are both inflated by an external air source to ensure the air supply required for mineralizing the ore pulp.

The overall working principle and flow of the flotation device in this embodiment are as follows:

The pulp after pulp mixing is pumped into a feed inlet through a pulp pump, enters the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder 3 along the tangential direction, and generates rotational flow in the turbulent flotation cylinder. At this time, the second motor 6 drives the vertical rotating shaft 62 and the axial lifting impeller 4 to rotate, air is driven into the bottom of the turbulent flotation tube 3 through the air inlet pipe 34 and is scattered by the axial lifting impeller 4 to flow upwards into the area where the submerged rotor assembly 5 is located, and after the air is scattered to form bubbles, the bubbles enter the area where the submerged rotor assembly 5 is located, the bubbles are cut by the orifice plate impeller 512 and the grid plate 5161 impeller 516 in the submerged rotor 51 to form microbubbles, so that the collision of fine particles and the bubbles is easier to promote.

The pulp enters the turbulence flotation cylinder 3, the bottom axial lifting impeller 4 rotates to form an upward flow to push the pulp upward, the paddle impeller 515 in the submerged rotor 51 above rotates, a local low-pressure area is formed behind the paddle impeller 515 to attract surrounding pulp to supplement to the center of the impeller, some bubbles flow into the impeller after passing through the orifice plate impeller 512 under the suction action of the low-pressure area, in the process, the bubbles can be cut by micropores on the orifice plate impeller 512 to form microbubbles, the pulp and the bubbles generate strong horizontal flow kinetic energy after passing through the pulp to the impeller, then pass through the grid plate 5161 impeller 516 at a high speed, in the process, the pulp and the bubbles are cut vigorously by the grid plate 5161 impeller 516, a large number of microbubbles are generated by the bubbles, finally, the pulp is endowed with high kinetic energy under the high turbulence environment after entering the submerged rotor 51, mineral particles collide with the microbubbles at the high turbulence area, mineralized bubbles are conveyed to the dispersion cover under the upward pushing action generated by the axial lifting impeller 512 and enter the static separation area, and the unfinished particles sink to the turbulence flotation cylinder 3.

In the middle upper part of the turbulent flotation cylinder 3, 4 submerged rotors 51 are arranged in a cross shape in two layers, and 2 submerged rotors 51 in each layer are symmetrically arranged;

When the horizontal rotary shaft 514 in the submerged rotor 51 rotates, the rising ore pulp is sucked into the rotor cover 513 by the paddle impellers 515 and flows forward at a high speed, the grid plates 5161 impellers 516 shear the ore pulp at a high strength, large bubbles are broken into micron-sized small bubbles, and meanwhile, ore particles are dispersed, so that the collision probability of the ore particles and the bubbles is increased. The rotor shroud 513 directs the mineralized bubbles to collect toward the central region of the cylinder, avoiding bubble escape.

The 2 submerged rotors 51 of each layer push ore pulp to flow from the periphery to the center, so that strong horizontal convection is generated, the upper layer and the lower layer generate left-right direction convection and front-back direction convection respectively, the upward pushing force generated by the suction action of the paddle impeller 515 on the rear area and the upward pushing force generated by the axial lifting impeller 4 form upward-downward convection, the lower submerged rotor 51 sucks unmineralized ore pulp and pushes the unmineralized ore pulp upwards, and the upper submerged rotor 51 pushes mineralized bubbles to the top of the turbulent flotation cylinder 3 to form upward-downward convection. The cooperation of the submerged rotor assembly 5 and the axial lifting impeller 4 generates up-and-down convection and horizontal convection of a plurality of areas in the turbulent flotation tube 3, so that multidirectional annular convection covering the whole space in the turbulent flotation tube 3 is formed, and the formation of dead zones is avoided.

The axial lifting impeller 4 and the paddle impeller 515 form a local circulation, and the non-mineralized particles are pushed to move upwards by rising bubbles and rising flow formed by the axial lifting impeller 4, and then are sucked into a turbulent mineralization area (an area where the submerged rotor assembly 5 is positioned) by a negative pressure area formed after the paddle impeller 515 for remineralization.

Mineralized bubbles rise through the pulp dispersion hood under the pushing action of the paddle impeller 515 and the axial lifting impeller 4 to enter a static separation zone (a zone in the static flotation cylinder 11), the turbulence degree of the pulp is gradually reduced under the action of the baffle plate 15, concentrate foam in the pulp overflows into the concentrate tank 8 to enter the concentrate pipe 81 to be discharged, and tailings in the pulp flow into the tailing tank to enter the tailing pipe 71 to be discharged.

The mineralized bubbles can generate ore particles to separate from the bubbles in the floating process, the separated ore particles fall into the bowl-shaped collecting tank 12 around the ore pulp dispersing cover under the action of the inclined baffle plate 15, a negative pressure area formed behind the paddle impeller 515 in the submerged rotor 51 at the upper layer can generate suction effect at the ore pulp circulation hole 173 on the boss 16 through the return channel 172, and the separated ore particles in the bowl-shaped collecting tank 12 are sucked into the turbulent flotation cylinder 3 through the ore pulp circulation hole 173 and then sucked into the turbulent flotation cylinder 3 through the return channel 172 and the annular collecting channel 171 for remineralization;

The gas entering through the gas filling holes of the annular gas distribution pipe 18 around the ore pulp dispersing cover is dispersed into small bubbles, the bubbles collide and adsorb with ore particles falling from the upper part, the mineralized gas floats upwards to form circulation, and the redundant gas is sucked into the turbulent flotation cylinder 3 by the paddle impeller 515 to increase the gas content of the ore pulp.

In this embodiment, the combination of the orifice plate impeller 512, the paddle impeller 515 and the grid plate 5161 impeller 516 in the submersible rotor assembly 5 with a special structural arrangement can play the following roles:

(1) Complementary functions of axial flow and shear dispersion

The paddle impeller 515 generates strong horizontal flow to promote the rapid flow of materials, the pulp and bubbles sucked by the action of a negative pressure area generated behind the paddle impeller 515 are subjected to the action of the orifice plate impeller 512, the bubbles are passively cut to form microbubbles, the aggregates in the pulp are primarily dispersed, and the particles are primarily collided with the microbubbles;

The grid plate 5161 impeller 516 rotates at a high speed, and dense grids on the impeller form local turbulence areas to form a high shear force field, and active shearing action of the high shear force field can forcefully break particles, disperse agglomerates and cut bubbles. The paddle impeller 515 pushes the material to flow, the orifice plate impeller 512 performs front passive shearing, the grid plate 5161 impeller 516 performs rear active shearing, and the material is deeply dispersed, so that a dead zone is avoided.

The method is suitable for complex physical properties:

(2) When the ore pulp is a low-viscosity system, the paddle impeller 515 is efficiently conveyed, so that energy waste is reduced. When the pulp is a high-viscosity system, the front end of the orifice plate impeller 512 is subjected to passive shearing action, and the rear end of the grid plate 5161 impeller 516 is subjected to powerful active shearing, so that the apparent viscosity can be reduced, and the phenomenon of 'pole climbing' (the Weissenberg effect, the normal stress effect, also called 'shaft wrapping' effect) can be prevented. The paddle impeller 515 promotes gas entrainment, the grid plate 5161 impeller 516 refines bubbles, the paddle impeller 515 prevents sedimentation, and the grid plate 5161 impeller 516 inhibits re-agglomeration of particles.

(3) Compact structure and running cost optimization:

The paddle impeller 515 and the frame impeller of the invention both use a short shaft, which does not need a long support structure, and is suitable for equipment with limited space. The short shaft reduces the friction and shafting swing of the bearing 5172, and the energy consumption is reduced by about 15% -30% compared with the traditional long shaft. The critical rotation speed of the short shaft is high, the resonance risk is avoided, and the theoretical life can be prolonged by more than 50%. While the orifice plate impeller 512 also serves to support the rotor cover 513 and to enhance structural strength.

Test case

For further explanation of the present invention, experiments were conducted using a conventional laboratory flotation machine (XFD-3L, XFD) and a turbulent static microbubble flotation machine (TJW) of CN119216112A, which had the same structure as example 1, with the same flotation process parameters, and raw coal from a coal preparation plant of melt as the flotation feed, respectively, as comparison, with example 1 (volume 3L, CFM).

The flotation process parameters are that the collector foaming agent adopts kerosene and No.2 oil of original factories respectively, the dosage is 600g/t and 110g/t, the concentration of the flotation feed is kept at 100g/L, and the flotation time is 3min.

The flotation feed particle size composition is shown in table 1 below:

TABLE 1 flotation feed particle size composition table

And the granularity composition analysis is that the main size fraction of the flotation feed is-0.045 mm, the main size fraction accounts for 46.29 percent of the whole sample yield, the ash content is 36.96 percent, the fine size fraction has high content, and the fine mud covering and entrainment are easy to occur, so that the conventional flotation separation is not facilitated. The coal slime content and ash distribution of each particle size are uneven, the ash content of the coal slime is increased along with the reduction of the particle size, and the overall ash content is higher. The +0.25mm size-grade coal slime has little content and 9.96 percent of ash content, but the low-ash coal slime is easy to desorb in the flotation separation process, and the low-ash coal slime is coarse to a flotation tail coal product, so that the tail coal slime cannot be effectively recovered, and the ash content of the tail coal is low.

The yields and ash indexes of the clean coal and the tail coal of the three flotation devices CFM, TJW, XFD are shown in fig. 17, wherein CFM clean coal and CFM tail respectively represent clean coal and tail coal obtained by CFM flotation, TJW clean coal and TJW tail respectively represent clean coal and tail coal obtained by TJW flotation, and XFD clean coal and XFD tail respectively represent clean coal and tail coal obtained by XFD flotation. The results of the flotation recovery index for the three flotation devices are shown in figure 18. From the flotation results, the CFM effect is best, the tail coal ash content is highest, and the flotation kinetics of the CFM is faster, so that the equipment size is reduced.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the use of the description and embodiments, it is well suited to various fields of use for the invention, and further modifications may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the particular details without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. The novel micro-fine particle turbulence enhanced flotation device is characterized by comprising a static separation mechanism and a turbulence flotation mechanism arranged below the static separation mechanism;

The turbulent flotation mechanism comprises a turbulent flotation cylinder, an axial lifting impeller arranged at the bottom of the turbulent flotation cylinder and a submerged rotor assembly arranged above the axial lifting impeller;

The submersible rotor assembly comprises a plurality of submersible rotors, wherein the submersible rotors are at least arranged in two layers in the vertical direction, and each layer at least comprises 2 submersible rotors which are symmetrically arranged;

The submerged rotor comprises a first motor connected to the turbulent flotation tube, a pore plate impeller connected with the first motor, a rotor cover connected with the tail end of the pore plate impeller, a horizontal rotating shaft in driving connection with the first motor, and a paddle impeller and a grid plate impeller which are arranged on the horizontal rotating shaft, wherein the pore plate impeller, the paddle impeller and the grid plate impeller are sequentially arranged from outside to inside and are all positioned in the turbulent flotation tube;

the rotation axis of the axial lifting impeller is arranged vertically and coincides with the neutral axis of the turbulent flotation tube, and the rotation axes of all submerged rotors are arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the neutral axis of the turbulent flotation tube.

2. The novel micro-particulate turbulence-enhanced flotation device of claim 1, wherein the submerged rotor assembly comprises 4 submerged rotors, the 4 submerged rotors being arranged in two layers in a vertical direction, each layer comprising 2 submerged rotors arranged symmetrically therein;

the 2 submerged rotors on the upper layer and the 2 submerged rotors on the lower layer are arranged in a staggered mode, so that 4 submerged rotors are arranged in a cross shape in a top view.

3. The novel micro-fine particle turbulence-enhanced flotation device according to claim 2, wherein a mounting column connected with the rotor cover is fixed on the first motor, the front end of the mounting column stretches into the turbulence flotation cylinder, a first shaft hole for the horizontal rotating shaft to pass through is formed in the middle of the mounting column, and a bearing is arranged between the first shaft hole and the horizontal rotating shaft;

the pore plate impeller comprises a plurality of pore plate impeller blades which are connected to the front end of the mounting column and are spirally arranged, and the tail ends of the pore plate impeller blades are connected with the inner wall of the rotor cover;

gaps are reserved between the paddle impellers and the grid plate impellers and the inner wall of the rotor cover, so that the paddle impellers and the grid plate impellers can rotate freely in the rotor cover;

The grid plate impeller comprises a plurality of grid plates connected to the horizontal rotating shaft, and the grid plates are provided with first grid holes arranged in the horizontal direction and second grid holes arranged in the vertical direction.

4. The novel micro-fine turbulence-enhanced flotation device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of guide vanes are annularly arranged on the outer wall of the rotor cover, the guide vanes are vertically connected to the outer wall of the turbulence flotation cylinder along the axial direction, and the guide vanes are S-shaped along the length direction.

5. The novel micro-fine particle turbulence-enhanced flotation device according to claim 1, further comprising a second motor and a vertical rotating shaft in driving connection with the second motor, wherein the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft extends into the turbulence flotation cylinder through a second shaft hole formed in the bottom of the turbulence flotation cylinder, and the axial lifting impeller comprises a plurality of rectangular impeller plates which are connected to the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft and are spirally arranged.

6. The novel micro-particle turbulence-enhanced flotation device of claim 5, wherein the bottom of the outer wall of the turbulent flotation cylinder is communicated with a feed pipe along the circumferential tangential direction;

The second shaft hole is connected with an air inlet sleeve, the air inlet sleeve is sleeved on the vertical rotating shaft and is communicated with the inside of the turbulent flotation cylinder, and a plurality of air inlet pipes communicated with the air inlet channels are connected to the air inlet sleeve.

7. The novel micro-fine particle turbulence-enhanced flotation device according to claim 1, wherein the static separation mechanism comprises a static flotation cylinder, a bowl-shaped collecting tank arranged at the bottom of the static flotation cylinder, a plurality of ore pulp dispersing plates arranged in the bowl-shaped collecting tank and arranged on the periphery of the upper end of the turbulent flotation cylinder along a ring shape, an umbrella-shaped top cover connected to the top of the ore pulp dispersing plates, and a plurality of baffle plates arranged on the inner wall of the static flotation cylinder and arranged along the ring shape, wherein the ore pulp dispersing plates are provided with ore pulp dispersing holes;

And when the ore pulp in the static flotation cylinder generates rotary flow under the rotation action of the axial lifting impeller, the lower surface of the obliquely arranged flow baffle is faced to the ore pulp which flows in a rotary way, so that the ore pulp is blocked.

8. The novel micro-fine turbulence-enhanced flotation device according to claim 7, wherein the bottom of the bowl-shaped collecting tank gradually protrudes upwards from the lowest position to the middle part to form a boss with a conical surface arranged around the periphery of the upper end of the turbulence flotation tank, the opening in the middle part of the boss forms a turbulence outlet communicated with the inside of the turbulence flotation tank, and the pulp dispersion plate is connected to the boss;

The inner wall of the boss is provided with a circulating pulp channel, the circulating pulp channel comprises an annular collecting channel which is arranged inside the boss and is communicated with the turbulent flow outlet, a backflow channel which is communicated with the annular collecting channel and the outer end of which is communicated with the conical surface of the boss, and a water drop-shaped pulp circulating hole is formed on the conical surface at the inner end of the backflow channel.

9. The novel micro-particle turbulence reinforced flotation device according to claim 8, wherein an annular gas distribution pipe is further arranged in the bowl-shaped collecting tank, the annular gas distribution pipe is connected with a gas supplementing pipe, the gas supplementing pipe extends out of the static flotation cylinder from the lower part, and a plurality of gas supplementing holes are formed in the bottom of the annular gas distribution pipe;

the cavity between the periphery of the bowl-shaped collecting tank and the inner wall of the static flotation cylinder forms a ring-shaped tailing collecting tank, the width of the flow baffle plate is larger than that of the tailing collecting tank, and the tailing collecting tank is connected with a tailing pipe;

The upper portion periphery of static flotation section of thick bamboo encircles and is provided with the concentrate groove, be connected with the concentrate pipe on the concentrate groove.

10. A novel micro-particle turbulence-enhanced flotation process, characterized in that it is performed by means of a device according to any one of claims 1-9.