CN120007117A - A rapid putting on and taking off device for oil drilling drill bit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for quickly putting on and taking off a drill bit in a petroleum drilling, and relates to the technical field of drilling wellhead equipment, and comprises: a base, wherein the bottom end of the base is provided with a plurality of base positioning pins for matching with the positioning holes of the drilling rig turntable; a drill bit rotation driving mechanism mounted on the base for automatically driving the drill bit to rotate and put on and take off the drill bit; a drill string clamping mechanism rotatably mounted on the base and located above the drill bit rotation driving mechanism for automatically clamping the drill string; and a drill bit box detachably mounted on the drill bit rotation driving mechanism and located below the drill string clamping mechanism for placing the drill bit. Both the drill bit rotation driving mechanism and the drill string clamping mechanism are automatically driven (hydraulic driven), which saves the time for taking off the drill bit, reduces the workload of the operating workers, and improves the efficiency of drill bit replacement. In addition, the safety of personnel in the operation of putting on and taking off the drill bit is also improved.

Description

Quick screwing-on and screwing-off device for petroleum drilling bit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling wellhead equipment, in particular to a rapid screwing-on and screwing-off device for an oil drilling bit.

Background

The operation is time-consuming, and the drill bit easily slips down to hurt people or even falls into an empty well in the operation process, thereby causing personal injury, leading to drilling accidents, prolonging the drilling operation time and causing economic loss.

At present, a plurality of fixing tools which are convenient to carry in the process of assembling and disassembling the drill bit exist on the market, but the existing assembling and disassembling tools can not well cover the fixing problem of all drill bits on the whole because the sizes, the sizes and the shapes of different drill bits are very different.

In the prior art, the patent with the publication number of CN110644936A discloses a drill bit assembling and disassembling tool, in particular an adjustable drill bit assembling and disassembling tool, which belongs to a wellhead auxiliary tool used in the technical field of petroleum drilling. The automatic screwing and unscrewing device comprises a bit aligning mechanism for aligning the drill bits, a bit disassembling mechanism for screwing and unscrewing, a bit clamping and fixing mechanism and a drill collar and drill rod clamping and fixing mechanism, wherein the bit aligning mechanism comprises an X-axis aligning mechanism and a Y-axis aligning mechanism, the bit clamping and fixing mechanism can be used for clamping PDC drill bits of different sizes, the bit aligning mechanism can be suitable for disassembling and screwing the drill bits of different sizes, the bit aligning mechanism can accurately align and stably unscrew the drill bits, the drill bit disassembling mechanism can finish safe unscrewing without manual operation of a driller when the drill bits are disassembled, and the drill collar and the drill rod clamping and fixing mechanism integrate a special fixture for clamping the drill collar or a drill rod connected with the upper end of the drill collar on a drill bit disassembling tool, so that the automatic screwing and unscrewing device is beneficial to simplifying operation and can also effectively improve aligning and unscrewing precision.

The drill bit loading and unloading tool disclosed in the above patent has the following defects:

1. When the drill bit is on or off, the drill rod is clamped and fixed, the rotary rod is manually rotated or the opening part is rotated by a spanner, and for the rotation of the drill bit, the U-shaped handle is manually rotated to drive the drill bit in the drill bit box to rotate so as to realize the on or off of the drill bit. The manual operation is adopted in the drilling head loading and unloading operations, which is time-consuming, labor-consuming and low in efficiency.

2. The drill bit box is arranged in the fixing plate and is used for containing the PDC drill bit, and meanwhile, due to the blocking of the components above the drill bit box, the drill bit box is not easy to disassemble, so that the drill bit disassembling tool can only be suitable for disassembling one type of drill bit and cannot be suitable for disassembling multiple types of drill bits.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a rapid screwing-on and screwing-off device for an oil drilling bit, and aims to solve the problems that manual operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the efficiency is low and the device cannot be suitable for screwing-off and screwing-on of various types of bits in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a rapid tripping device for petroleum drilling bits, comprising:

The bottom end of the base is provided with a plurality of base positioning pins matched with the positioning holes of the rotary table of the drilling machine;

The drill bit rotary driving mechanism is assembled on the base and used for automatically driving the drill bit to rotate for carrying out the on-bit and off-bit;

the drill string clamping mechanism is rotationally assembled on the base and is positioned above the drill bit rotary driving mechanism at the same time and used for automatically clamping a drill string;

And the drill bit box is detachably assembled on the drill bit rotary driving mechanism and is positioned below the drill string clamping mechanism at the same time and used for placing a drill bit.

Preferably, the drill bit boxes are provided with a plurality of drill bit boxes for placing different types of drill bits, the drill bit boxes are identical in appearance, cavities for fixedly placing the drill bits are arranged in the drill bit boxes, the cavities corresponding to the different types of drill bits are different, and the bottom ends of the drill bit boxes are respectively provided with a plurality of drill bit box positioning holes for detachably assembling the drill bit boxes on the drill bit rotary driving mechanism.

Preferably, the drill bit rotation driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic pipeline, a hydraulic motor, gears, a gear disc, a rotary table and a drill bit box positioning pin;

The hydraulic pipeline is connected with the hydraulic motor, the gear is arranged at the output end of the hydraulic motor and meshed with the gear disc, the gear disc is assembled on the rotary table, a placing cavity for placing the drill bit box is arranged in the rotary table, a plurality of drill bit box locating pins are arranged on the top end face of the rotary table and assembled on the top end face of the rotary table, and the hydraulic motor drives the rotary table to rotate through the meshed gear and the gear disc so as to drive the drill bit box in the placing cavity of the rotary table to rotate for drilling and breaking out.

Preferably, the base is vertically provided with an inner positioning cylinder and an outer positioning cylinder which are coaxial, a bearing and a spring are arranged in an annular groove between the inner positioning cylinder and the outer positioning cylinder from top to bottom, the top end of the bearing abuts against the bottom end face of the rotary table, and the bottom end of the spring abuts against the top end face of the base.

Preferably, the top end of the inner positioning cylinder is lower than the bottom end surface of the rotary table, the top end of the outer positioning cylinder is higher than the bottom end surface of the rotary table, the top end of the outer positioning cylinder is positioned outside the outer side wall of the lower part of the rotary table, and an anti-fouling cover is assembled between the top end of the outer positioning cylinder and the outer side wall of the lower part of the rotary table.

Preferably, the two ends of the base are vertically provided with support columns, the hydraulic motor is arranged in the middle of the support columns, and the drill string clamping mechanism is arranged on the upper parts of the support columns.

Preferably, the drill string clamping mechanism comprises a supporting plate and a drill string clamping hydraulic linear module, the supporting plate is rotatably assembled on the upper portion of the supporting column, the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module is assembled on the supporting plate, and the linear reciprocating clamping end of the drill string clamping mechanism is horizontally inwards.

Preferably, the drill string clamping mechanisms are symmetrically provided with two groups, and a drill string clamping space is formed between the linear reciprocating clamping ends of the drill string clamping hydraulic linear modules of the two groups of drill string clamping mechanisms.

Preferably, the support column upper portion is equipped with an anti-drop plate for preventing the rotary table from dropping from the upper portion, the anti-drop plate being located below the drill string clamping mechanism and above the rotary table.

Preferably, the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module and the hydraulic motor are respectively connected with an external control mechanism through pipelines, and the external control mechanism comprises a reversing valve, a pressure regulating valve and a pressure gauge which are arranged on the pipelines.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. The drill bit rotary driving mechanism is used for automatically driving the drill bit to rotate so as to carry out the drilling bit on/off, the drill string clamping mechanism is used for automatically clamping the drill string, and the drill string clamping mechanism is used for clamping the drill string and the drill bit rotary driving mechanism is used for driving the drill bit to rotate so as to carry out the drill bit on/off, so that the operation is convenient. Meanwhile, the drill bit rotary driving mechanism and the drill string clamping mechanism are both driven in an automatic mode (hydraulic driving), so that the time for screwing on and off the drill bit is saved, the workload of operators is reduced, and the drill bit replacement efficiency is improved. In addition, the safety of personnel on the drill bit and in the shackle operation is improved.

2. The rapid screwing-on and unscrewing device for the petroleum drilling bit provided by the invention has the advantages that the bit box can be detachably assembled on the bit rotary driving mechanism, and when screwing-on and unscrewing of different types of bits is carried out, only the corresponding bit box is needed to be replaced, so that the rapid screwing-on and unscrewing device for the petroleum drilling bit can be suitable for screwing-on and unscrewing of various types of bits with different sizes, sizes and shapes.

3. According to the rapid screwing-on and unscrewing device for the petroleum drilling bit, which is provided by the invention, the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module and the hydraulic motor are respectively connected with the external control mechanism through pipelines, the external control mechanism comprises the reversing valve, the pressure regulating valve and the pressure gauge which are arranged on the pipelines, and the reversing valve, the pressure regulating valve and the pressure gauge of the external control mechanism can be utilized to automatically control the drill string clamping mechanism to clamp the drill string and the bit rotation driving mechanism to drive the bit to rotate, so that the remote screwing-on and unscrewing operations of the drill bit are realized, and the safety of personnel on and during the screwing-off operations of the drill bit is improved.

4. The invention provides a rapid screwing-on and unscrewing device of an oil drilling bit, wherein an external control mechanism comprises a reversing valve, a pressure regulating valve and a pressure gauge, wherein the reversing valve, the pressure regulating valve and the pressure gauge are arranged on a pipeline, the flow direction of hydraulic oil can be changed through the reversing valve, a drill stem is controlled to clamp a hydraulic linear module for reversing, a hydraulic motor is controlled to rotate forwards and reversely so as to perform screwing-on and unscrewing operations of the bit, the pressure gauge can display a real-time pressure value so as to calculate a fastening torque value of a joint, and the purpose of reaching a preset torque value can be achieved by adjusting the pressure regulating valve and further adjusting the oil pressure value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a quick tripping device for an oil drilling bit according to the invention;

Reference numerals:

1. The drill column clamps the hydraulic linear module, 2, the supporting plate, 3, the anti-falling plate, 4, the drill bit box locating pin, 5, the gear, 6, the hydraulic motor, 7, the hydraulic pipeline, 8, the supporting column, 9, the base locating pin, 10, the outer locating cylinder, 11, the rotary table, 12, the gear disc, 13, the bearing, 14, the spring, 15, the inner locating cylinder, 16, the anti-fouling cover, 17, the base, 18, the reversing valve, 19, the pressure regulating valve, 20 and the pressure gauge.

Detailed Description

The conception, specific structure, and technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings to fully understand the objects, features, and effects of the present invention.

Example 1

An oil drilling bit quick-up and trip device, as shown in figure 1, comprises:

The base 17, the bottom of said base 17 has several base locating pins 9 used for matching with locating hole of the rig rotary table, the base locating pin 9 guarantees the device to place on the rig rotary table centrally;

A bit rotation driving mechanism assembled on the base 17 and used for automatically driving the bit to rotate for bit loading and unloading;

A drill string clamping mechanism rotatably mounted on the base 17 and positioned above the bit rotational drive mechanism for automatically clamping the drill string;

And the drill bit box is detachably assembled on the drill bit rotary driving mechanism and is positioned below the drill string clamping mechanism at the same time and used for placing a drill bit.

In the embodiment, the drill bit is rapidly assembled and disassembled by clamping the drill string by the drill string clamping mechanism and driving the drill bit to rotate by the drill bit rotating driving mechanism, so that the operation is convenient. Meanwhile, the drill bit rotary driving mechanism and the drill string clamping mechanism are both in an automatic driving mode, so that compared with manual driving operation, the drill bit screwing-out time is saved, the workload of operators is reduced, and the drill bit replacement efficiency is improved. In addition, the safety of personnel on the drill bit and in the shackle operation is improved.

Example 2

The embodiment is further described on the basis of embodiment 1, the drill bit boxes are provided with a plurality of drill bits for placing different types, the drill bit boxes are identical in appearance, cavities for fixedly placing the drill bits are arranged in the drill bit boxes, the cavities corresponding to the different types of drill bits are different, and the bottom ends of the drill bit boxes are respectively provided with a plurality of drill bit box positioning holes for detachably assembling the drill bit boxes on the drill bit rotary driving mechanism.

In this embodiment, the bit box utilizes the bit box locating hole to dismantle the assembly on bit rotary driving mechanism, when carrying out on the drill bit, break out to different grade type drill bit, only need change its corresponding bit box can, make this oil drilling drill bit quick on, break out the device can be applicable to on the multiple grade drill bit of size, shape difference, break out.

Example 3

This embodiment is further described on the basis of embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 1, the bit rotation driving mechanism includes a hydraulic line 7, a hydraulic motor 6, a gear 5, a gear plate 12, a rotary table 11, and a bit case positioning pin 4.

The hydraulic pipeline 7 is connected with the hydraulic motor 6, the gear 5 is installed at the output end of the hydraulic motor 6 and meshed with the gear disc 12, the gear disc 12 is assembled on the rotary table 11, a placing cavity for placing the drill bit box is arranged in the rotary table 11, and the drill bit box locating pins 4 are arranged in a plurality of ways and assembled on the top end face of the rotary table 11. The drill bit box locating pin 4 is used for adapting with the drill bit box locating hole, and the drill bit box locating pin 4 is inserted into the drill bit box locating hole, so that the drill bit box synchronously rotates along with the rotary table 11 to carry out drilling and shackle.

When the drill bit is driven to rotate, hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pipeline 7 enters the hydraulic motor 6, the hydraulic motor 6 rotates to drive the gear 5 to rotate, the gear 5 drives the gear disc 12 to rotate, the gear disc 12 drives the rotary table 11 to rotate, and then the rotary table 11 is driven to place a drill bit box in a cavity and the drill bit in the drill bit box synchronously rotate to perform the operations of drilling and unbuckling.

As shown in fig. 1, the base 17 is vertically provided with a coaxial inner positioning cylinder 15 and an outer positioning cylinder 10, a bearing 13 and a spring 14 are arranged in an annular groove between the inner positioning cylinder 15 and the outer positioning cylinder 10 from top to bottom, the top end of the bearing 13 abuts against the bottom end surface of the rotary table 11, and the bottom end of the spring 14 abuts against the top end surface of the base 17.

In the embodiment, the inner positioning cylinder 15 and the outer positioning cylinder 10 are used for installing the bearing 13 and the spring 14, the bearing 13 is convenient for the rotary table 11 to rotate on the base 17, and the spring 14 plays a role in protecting connecting threads by a certain axial telescopic distance when a drill bit is dismounted.

As shown in fig. 1, the top end of the inner positioning cylinder 15 is lower than the bottom end surface of the rotary table 11, the top end of the outer positioning cylinder 10 is higher than the bottom end surface of the rotary table 11, and the top end of the outer positioning cylinder 10 is located outside the outer side wall of the lower part of the rotary table 11 and is provided with an anti-fouling cover 16 with the outer side wall of the lower part of the rotary table 11. The anti-fouling cover 16 protects the bearing 13 and the spring 14 from being damaged by pollutants.

Example 4

This embodiment is further described on the basis of embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 1, the two ends of the base 17 are vertically equipped with support columns 8, the hydraulic motor 6 is mounted in the middle of the support columns 8, and the drill string clamping mechanism is mounted on the upper part of the support columns 8.

As shown in fig. 1, the drill string clamping mechanism comprises a support plate 2 and a drill string clamping hydraulic linear module 1, wherein the support plate 2 is rotatably assembled on the upper part of the support column 8, the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module 1 is assembled on the support plate 2, and the linear reciprocating clamping end of the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module is horizontally inwards. The support plate 2 is rotatably assembled so that when the drill bit box is assembled and disassembled, the drill string clamping mechanism is rotated outwards, the assembly and disassembly of the drill bit box are not blocked, and after the drill bit box is assembled and disassembled, the drill string clamping mechanism is returned. The rotatably arranged support plate 2 thus prevents the drill string clamping mechanism from interfering with the handling of the bit case, thereby facilitating handling of the bit case.

As shown in fig. 1, the two groups of drill string clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged, and a drill string clamping space is formed between the linear reciprocating clamping ends of the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module 1 of the two groups of drill string clamping mechanisms so as to clamp or unclamp the drill string.

As shown in fig. 1, the support column 8 is provided with a drop-off preventing plate 3 at an upper portion thereof for preventing the rotary table 11 from dropping off from the upper portion, and the drop-off preventing plate 3 is located below the drill string clamping mechanism and above the rotary table 11.

Example 5

This embodiment is further described on the basis of embodiment 4, as shown in fig. 1, the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module 1 and the hydraulic motor 6 are respectively connected with an external control mechanism through pipelines, and the external control mechanism comprises a reversing valve 18, a pressure regulating valve 19 and a pressure gauge 20 which are arranged on the pipelines.

In this embodiment, the reversing valve 18, the pressure regulating valve 19 and the pressure gauge 20 of the external control mechanism can be utilized to automatically control the drill string clamping mechanism to clamp the drill string and the drill bit rotation driving mechanism to drive the drill bit to rotate, so as to realize the remote drill bit screwing and unscrewing operations, and improve the safety of personnel in the drill bit screwing and unscrewing operations.

In this embodiment, the flow direction of the hydraulic oil can be changed through the reversing valve 18, the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module 1 is controlled to reverse, the hydraulic motor 6 is controlled to rotate forward and reverse, so as to perform the operations of drilling bit on and off, the pressure gauge 20 can display a real-time pressure value to calculate the fastening torque value of the joint, and the purpose of reaching the preset torque value can also be achieved by adjusting the pressure regulating valve 19 and then adjusting the oil pressure value.

For a better understanding of the present invention, the following is a complete description of the principles of the invention:

1. Drill button

When the drill bit is buckled, the drill bit is arranged in the drill bit box, the supporting plate 2 of the drill string clamping mechanism is rotated, the drill bit box is placed on the rotary table 11, and the drill bit box positioning hole on the drill bit box is aligned with the drill bit box positioning pin 4 on the rotary table 11 for insertion, so that synchronous rotation is realized. The support plate 2 is then rotated back to the drill string clamping mechanism to place the drill string sub into the drill bit thread. And starting the drill string clamping hydraulic linear modules 1, wherein the two drill string clamping hydraulic linear modules 1 clamp the drill string under the action of the hydraulic pressure.

After the drill string is clamped, the drill bit rotary drive mechanism is started in the forward direction. Hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pipeline 7 enters the hydraulic motor 6, the hydraulic motor 6 rotates positively to drive the gear 5 to rotate, the gear 5 drives the gear disc 12 to rotate, the gear disc 12 drives the rotary table 11 to rotate, and then the rotary table 11 is driven to place a drill bit box in a cavity and a drill bit in the drill bit box to synchronously rotate, so that the drill bit is screwed into a drill string, and the drill bit screwing operation is performed.

2. Drill bit shackle

When the drill bit is tripped, the supporting plate 2 of the drill column clamping mechanism is rotated, then an empty drill bit box matched with the tripped drill bit is placed on the rotary table 11, and a drill bit box positioning hole on the drill bit box is aligned with the drill bit box positioning pin 4 on the rotary table 11 for insertion, so that synchronous rotation is realized. The support plate 2 is then rotated back to the drill string clamping mechanism to place the drill bit of the drill string with the tripped bit into the bit box. And starting the drill string clamping hydraulic linear modules 1, wherein the two drill string clamping hydraulic linear modules 1 clamp the drill string under the action of the hydraulic pressure.

After the drill string is clamped, the drill bit rotary drive mechanism is then activated in reverse. Hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pipeline 7 enters the hydraulic motor 6, the hydraulic motor 6 reversely rotates to drive the gear 5 to rotate, the gear 5 drives the gear disc 12 to rotate, the gear disc 12 drives the rotary table 11 to rotate, and then the rotary table 11 is driven to place a drill bit box in a cavity and a drill bit in the drill bit box to synchronously rotate, so that the drill bit is rotated out of the drill string, and the drill bit shackle operation is performed.

In the operations of drilling head on and off, the torque force can be measured and calculated through oil pressure, and the oil pressure value can be preset to meet the fastening torque force values of joints with different sizes.

In the operations of drilling and tripping, the flow direction of hydraulic oil can be changed through a reversing valve 18, the reversing of the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module 1 is controlled, the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the hydraulic motor 6 are controlled, so that the operations of drilling and tripping can be carried out, a pressure gauge 20 can display a real-time pressure value to calculate a joint fastening torque value, and the purpose of reaching a preset torque value can be achieved by adjusting a pressure regulating valve 19 and then adjusting the oil pressure value.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An oil drilling drill bit quick-acting and shackle device, which is characterized by comprising:

the base (17) is provided with a plurality of base positioning pins (9) matched with the positioning holes of the rotary table of the drilling machine at the bottom end of the base (17);

The drill bit rotary driving mechanism is assembled on the base (17) and used for automatically driving the drill bit to rotate for carrying out the on-bit and off-bit;

A drill string clamping mechanism rotatably mounted on the base (17) and positioned above the drill bit rotary drive mechanism for automatically clamping the drill string;

And the drill bit box is detachably assembled on the drill bit rotary driving mechanism and is positioned below the drill string clamping mechanism at the same time and used for placing a drill bit.

2. The rapid bit screwing-off and screwing-on device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of bit boxes are arranged and used for placing different types of bits, the bit boxes are identical in appearance, cavities used for fixedly placing the bits are arranged in the bit boxes, the cavities corresponding to the different types of bits are different, and a plurality of bit box positioning holes used for detachably assembling the bit boxes on the bit rotary driving mechanism are formed in the bottom ends of the bit boxes.

3. The rapid bit setting and breaking-out device according to claim 1, wherein the bit rotation driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic line (7), a hydraulic motor (6), a gear (5), a gear disc (12), a rotary table (11) and a bit box positioning pin (4);

the hydraulic pipeline (7) is connected with the hydraulic motor (6), the gear (5) is arranged at the output end of the hydraulic motor (6) and meshed with the gear disc (12), the gear disc (12) is assembled on the rotary table (11), a placing cavity for placing the drill bit box is arranged in the rotary table (11), the drill bit box locating pins (4) are arranged on a plurality of top end faces of the rotary table (11) and assembled on the top end faces of the rotary table, and the hydraulic motor (6) drives the rotary table (11) to rotate through the meshed gear (5) and the gear disc (12), so as to drive the drill bit box in the placing cavity of the rotary table (11) to rotate to carry out drilling and breaking out buckling.

4. A quick drill bit screwing-unscrewing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the base (17) is vertically provided with a coaxial inner positioning cylinder (15) and an outer positioning cylinder (10), a bearing (13) and a spring (14) are arranged in an annular groove between the inner positioning cylinder (15) and the outer positioning cylinder (10) from top to bottom, the top end of the bearing (13) is abutted against the bottom end surface of the rotary table (11), and the bottom end of the spring (14) is abutted against the top end surface of the base (17).

5. The rapid bit screwing-unscrewing device according to claim 4, wherein the top end of the inner positioning cylinder (15) is lower than the bottom end surface of the rotary table (11), the top end of the outer positioning cylinder (10) is higher than the bottom end surface of the rotary table (11), and the top end of the outer positioning cylinder (10) is positioned outside the outer side wall of the lower part of the rotary table (11) and is provided with an anti-fouling cover (16) with the outer side wall of the lower part of the rotary table (11).

6. A quick drill bit setting and breaking-out device according to claim 3, characterized in that the base (17) is provided with support columns (8) vertically at both ends, the hydraulic motor (6) is provided in the middle of the support columns (8), and the drill string clamping mechanism is provided in the upper part of the support columns (8).

7. The rapid bit setting and breaking-out device according to claim 6, wherein the drill string clamping mechanism comprises a support plate (2) and a drill string clamping hydraulic linear module (1), the support plate (2) is rotatably assembled on the upper portion of the support column (8), the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module (1) is assembled on the support plate (2), and the linear reciprocating clamping end of the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module is horizontally inwards.

8. The rapid bit setting and breaking-out device according to claim 7, wherein the drill string clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged in two groups, and a drill string clamping space is formed between the straight reciprocating clamping ends of the drill string clamping hydraulic straight line modules (1) of the two groups of drill string clamping mechanisms.

9. A quick drill bit setting and breaking-out device according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper part of the support column (8) is equipped with a drop-off prevention plate (3) for preventing the rotary table (11) from falling off from the upper part, the drop-off prevention plate (3) being located below the drill string clamping mechanism and above the rotary table (11).

10. The rapid bit setting and breaking-out device according to claim 7, characterized in that the drill string clamping hydraulic linear module (1) and the hydraulic motor (6) are respectively connected with an external control mechanism through pipelines, and the external control mechanism comprises a reversing valve (18), a pressure regulating valve (19) and a pressure gauge (20) which are arranged on the pipelines.