CN1298433C - Through flow type air-solid separator - Google Patents

Abstract

A through-flow gas-solid separator relates to a gas-solid separation device used in coal-fired boilers and chemical equipment. The separator is characterized in that the inner wall of the cylinder is provided with strip-shaped fins along the axis of the cylinder, and the ribs are arranged obliquely along the inner wall of the cylinder. The gas-solid separator organically combines the centrifugal separator and the impact separator. When the gas-solid mixture enters the separator, the factors that promote the gas-solid separation are not only centrifugal sedimentation, but also inertia and filtration. Under the action of this comprehensive separation, the separation efficiency can be greatly improved, especially for the separation of large particle mixtures. The invention also has the advantages of simple structure and small floor space, can maintain the traditional arrangement shape of the boiler, and is especially suitable for the transformation of the chain furnace.

Description

A flow-through gas-solid separator

technical field

The invention relates to a gas-solid separation device, belonging to the technical field of gas-solid separation in coal-fired boilers and chemical equipment.

Background technique

The gas-solid separator is one of the key components of the circulating fluidized bed boiler and an important part of the main circulation loop. At present, the separators used in circulating fluidized bed boilers mainly include sedimentation separators, impact separators, and cyclone separators; among them, cyclone separators are the most widely used. Sedimentation separation is to use the effect of gravity field to make solid particles and gas move relative to each other, and the particles flow to the wall, bottom or other deposition surfaces in a directional manner. The sedimentation separator has the simplest structure and low cost, but the gas velocity is low and the equipment is very expensive. It is huge and occupies a large area. It is generally suitable for low-temperature flue gas dust removal under the condition of low solid concentration in the gas. The impact separator mainly uses the impact principle to achieve gas-solid separation. The whole part is small in size and can well meet the requirements of compact design. However, its separation effect on materials with smaller diameters is not ideal, and generally cannot be separated under circulating bed conditions. For use, it needs to be used in series with other forms of separators, and sometimes it is also used in improved bubbling beds with fly ash reburning; impact separators have various forms, such as slot separators, labyrinth separators, etc. The cyclone separator (as shown in Figure 1) utilizes the action of centrifugal force to realize gas-solid separation in three-dimensional flow. It has the characteristics of high separation efficiency and large resistance, and is widely used in circulating fluidized bed boilers; the current main type of cyclone separator is There are various types of adiabatic or cooling cyclones with circular cross-sections and square cyclones with regular polygonal cross-sections, but their volume is relatively large, and the spatial position is basically the same as the volume of the combustion chamber, and it is not suitable for separating particles. Large gas-solid mixtures.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a through-flow gas-solid separator, which can further improve the separation effect of the gas-solid separator and is more suitable for separating the gas-solid mixture with larger particles.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a through-flow gas-solid separator, comprising a cylinder whose upper part is a cylinder and the lower part is a cone, an air inlet is provided on the side of the cylinder, and an air inlet is provided on the top of the cylinder An air outlet is provided, and the feature is that strip-shaped fins are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder along the axis of the cylinder; the ribs are arranged obliquely along the inner wall of the cylinder, and the intersection of the ribs and the cylinder The tangent line of the fins is 30-60°, and its inclination direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the airflow in the cylinder; the height of the fins is 1/10-1/8 of the cylinder radius.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and outstanding effects: the through-flow gas-solid separator organically combines the centrifugal separator and the impact separator into one, and when the gas-solid mixture enters the separator, The factors that promote gas-solid separation are not only centrifugal sedimentation, but also inertia and filtration. On the one hand, under the action of centrifugal force, the solid particles and the gas undergo relative motion, and the solid particles flow to the wall of the vessel in a directional manner; on the other hand, due to the difference in density between the solid particles and the gas, when the flow direction of the gas-solid mixture changes, the inertia Large solid particles are not easy to change the flow direction and hit the fins. When the gas flows, the solid particles within the height of the fins cannot cross the fins and accumulate on the wall. Under the action of gravity, they will eventually slide to the solids at the lowest end of the inner wall of the cylinder. Particle collection point. Under this comprehensive separation effect, the separation efficiency can be greatly improved. Moreover, the structure is simple, the floor space is small, and the traditional arrangement shape of the boiler can be maintained.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cyclone separator used in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a through-flow gas-solid separator with separation ribs on the inner wall provided by the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 2 .

Detailed ways

The specific structure and best implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the through-flow gas-solid separator includes a cylinder 3 whose upper part is a cylinder and the lower part is a cone, and an air inlet 1 is arranged on the side of the cylinder, and The top of the cylinder is provided with an air outlet 2 and strip-shaped fins 4 arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder and along the axis of the cylinder, and the strip-shaped fins are distributed longitudinally. The cross-section of the column can be circular or square.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 2 . The ribs 4 are arranged obliquely along the inner wall of the cylinder, and the tangent at the intersection of the ribs and the cylinder is 30-60°, and the inclination direction is opposite to the rotation direction 5 of the airflow in the cylinder, which can effectively prevent the fins from being cut off. The solid particles are carried away by the airflow. The height of the ribs is generally 1/10 to 1/8 of the radius of the cylinder (when the upper cylinder cross-section is square, the radius is 1/2 of the side length), and the ribs along the lower cone of the cylinder 3 from top to bottom The height of the fins is uniformly reduced to zero; the fins are evenly distributed on the circumference of the inner wall of the cylinder.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of throughflow type gas-solid separator, comprise that its top is that cylinder, bottom are the cylindrical shell of cone, side at described cylinder is provided with air inlet, is provided with the gas outlet at the top of cylinder, it is characterized in that: the tubular axis direction is provided with the bar shaped fin in described cylinder inboard wall upper edge; Described fin is along the oblique layout of cylinder inboard wall, and the tangent line at this fin and cylindrical shell intersection point place becomes 30～60 °, and its incline direction is opposite with the direction of rotation of air-flow in the cylindrical shell; Fin height is 1/10～1/8 of a cylindrical shell radius.

2. according to the described gas-solid separator of claim 1, it is characterized in that: its cross section of described cylindrical shell is for circular or square.

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