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CN1298482A - Continuous method for producing a refrigerator - Google Patents

Continuous method for producing a refrigerator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1298482A
CN1298482A CN99805574A CN99805574A CN1298482A CN 1298482 A CN1298482 A CN 1298482A CN 99805574 A CN99805574 A CN 99805574A CN 99805574 A CN99805574 A CN 99805574A CN 1298482 A CN1298482 A CN 1298482A
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manufacturing
refrigerator
foam
elements
refrigerator according
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CN99805574A
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Chinese (zh)
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K·W·迪特里希
H·G·弗洛伊林克
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Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • F25D23/062—Walls defining a cabinet
    • F25D23/063—Walls defining a cabinet formed by an assembly of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/12—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material
    • F25D2201/126—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material of cellular type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a refrigerator, characterized in that a continuously produced foam sandwich element is cut into measured sections or mitre-cut and arranged as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 so as to form a box which is open on two sides.

Description

制造冰箱的连续方法Continuous method for manufacturing refrigerators

本发明涉及用连续制成的层状泡沫材料元件进行冰箱的制造。The present invention relates to the manufacture of refrigerators from continuously formed laminar foam elements.

通常冷却装置和冷冻装置都是在静止不动的支承模型上进行发泡的。这种支承模型的任务在于，针对所产生的泡沫压力，以一定间隔支承住已准备好了的箱体内、外部分。由于相应地有许多种各不相同的型式，如装置的结构、尺寸和壁厚也都不同，那么在生产中就必需有许多种支承模型。同时很重要的是箱体在支承模型里的位置；通常来说优先考虑使门孔的起泡位置向上。装置的这种位置对于泡沫材料的均匀分布以及达到泡沫材料性能来说具有重要意义，这是由于这种位置规定了泡沫必须经过的流动行程的长度。尽管如此，不可能在生产冰箱时完全没有缩孔和空气掺入。除此之外，体积密度总是较大，这样使用材料就增加了。Cooling units and freezers are usually foamed on a stationary support mold. The task of this support model is to support the prepared inner and outer parts of the tank at a certain distance against the resulting foam pressure. Since there are correspondingly many different types, such as the structure, size and wall thickness of the device, it is necessary to have many support models in production. Also very important is the position of the box in the support model; usually the priority is to have the bubble position of the door hole upwards. This position of the device is important for uniform foam distribution and foam performance, since it dictates the length of the flow path that the foam must travel. Nevertheless, it is impossible to produce refrigerators completely free from shrinkage cavities and air incorporation. In addition, the bulk density is always higher, so the material used is increased.

本发明的任务在于提出一种用泡沫材料元件来制造冰箱的方法，其中可以不再用支承模型。The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing refrigerators from foam elements in which the support mold can be dispensed with.

因而本发明的对象是用于制造冰箱的一种方法，其中将连续的层状元件与相应的覆盖层进行加工并切断成一定尺寸(图1)，或按图2切出坡口来。将这种切割料按图3三次折弯，并在接口处连接起来。这样就形成了一个在两个面上敞开的箱盒，箱盒的几个面为侧壁、底面和上面。背面可以象目前通用的方法那样在模型里发泡生成，这时用的模型就要比通常的支承模型要简要得多了，或者也可以使一个以相同工序制造并相应地切断的层状元件充上泡沫或者装配起来。保留的开口用一个相应设计的门封闭住，该门或者用传统方法制成，或者也可以是一个在双运输带上制成的层状元件。The object of the present invention is thus a method for the manufacture of refrigerators, in which a continuous laminar element with corresponding covering layers is processed and cut to size ( FIG. 1 ) or beveled according to FIG. 2 . Bend this cutting material three times according to Figure 3 and connect it at the interface. This results in a box that is open on two sides, the sides of the box being the side walls, the bottom and the top. The back side can be foamed in the mold as is currently the usual method, and the mold used at this time is much simpler than the usual support mold, or it can be a layered element manufactured in the same process and cut accordingly. Fill with foam or assemble. The remaining opening is closed with a correspondingly designed door, which is either produced conventionally or as a layered element produced on a double conveyor belt.

作为泡沫材料，在本发明的方法中优先使用聚氨酯硬泡沫塑料。As foam material, polyurethane rigid foam is preferably used in the method according to the invention.

本发明方法的的一个变型就是将预切割的元件按图4制造，然后按图5将元件折起来并形成底面、背壁和上面。此处这些侧面或者被充上泡沫，或者作为切断的连续制成的层状元件被装配起来。在连续生产时例如对于冰箱的前面就可以连续地充上泡沫材料以保证必要的密封。A variant of the method according to the invention is to make a pre-cut element according to FIG. 4 and then fold the element over according to FIG. 5 to form the bottom, back wall and top. Here the sides are either filled with foam or assembled as cut-off, continuously produced laminar elements. During continuous production, for example, the front of refrigerators can be continuously filled with foam to ensure the necessary sealing.

在本发明的方法中，通常的覆盖层可以直接连续地充上泡沫材料。这样，金属加工生产时箱盒外形的费事的加工以及内部容器的既费事、损失又大的深拉工艺也就取消了。此外正是对于内部容器来说，由于热塑性塑料的厚度均匀因而使材料大大节省了。同时也不需要费事地对于各种不同的规格都进行预加工。也就取消了发泡以及深拉时用于芯模和模型支座的昂贵的投入。当阻隔层厚度要求改变时则可以方便地对双运输带的间隔宽度进行调整。In the method according to the invention, conventional covering layers can be directly and continuously filled with foam material. In this way, the laborious processing of the box shape and the laborious and costly deep-drawing process of the inner container during metal processing production are also eliminated. Furthermore, just for the inner container, a considerable saving of material is achieved due to the uniform thickness of the thermoplastic. At the same time, it is not necessary to carry out complicated preprocessing for various sizes. The costly investment in foaming and deep drawing for mandrels and model holders is thus dispensed with. When the thickness of the barrier layer is required to change, the interval width of the double conveyor belt can be adjusted conveniently.

在传统方法里很费工的将真空绝缘板装入阻隔层的工序也大大简化了，而在连续方法时这些真空绝缘板就被放入在隔层里。必要时可以通过涂覆一部分泡沫材料使它们固定在覆盖层上，并紧接着用泡沫材料在双运输带里振动地或者静止地填加入剩余的容积里。(见图6和7)The process of inserting the vacuum-insulated panels into the barrier layer, which is labor-intensive in the conventional method, is also greatly simplified, whereas in the continuous method these vacuum-insulated panels are inserted into the interlayer. If necessary, they can be fixed to the cover layer by applying a portion of the foam material and then fill the remaining volume with the foam material vibratingly or statically in the double conveyor belt. (See Figures 6 and 7)

相对于传统的在相应的支承模型里制造冷却设备的方法来说，按本发明的连续制造方法的很大优点在于，使具有有序而确定的组织结构的聚氨泡沫材料实现均匀的生产。也就是说在双运输带上泡沫材料的组织结构在行进方向上可以是水平各向异性的(图9)。组织的这种指向就决定了，在厚度方向上，也是冰箱里的使用方向上，采用泡沫材料比在采用各向同性的泡沫结构时或者甚至各向异性指向时在横断面方向上都具有更好的导热系数。Compared with the conventional method of producing cooling devices in corresponding supporting molds, the continuous production method according to the invention has the great advantage that a homogeneous production of polyurethane foam with an orderly and defined structure is achieved. That is to say the texture of the foam on the double conveyor belt can be horizontally anisotropic in the direction of travel (Fig. 9). This orientation of the tissue determines that, in the thickness direction, which is also the direction of use in the refrigerator, the use of foam materials has a better cross-sectional orientation than with isotropic foam structures or even anisotropic orientation. Good thermal conductivity.

图1至11Figures 1 to 11

举例example

比较实例1：体积密度变化Comparative Example 1: Bulk Density Change

双运输带： 31至32kg/m3 Double conveyor belt: 31 to 32kg/m 3

外壳：     31至35kg/m3 Shell: 31 to 35kg/m 3

由比较实例1得知，采用本发明的方法可使总的体积密度对可比较的最小体积密度来说节省5-10％。It is known from Comparative Example 1 that the method of the present invention can save 5-10% of the total bulk density compared to the comparable minimum bulk density.

体积密度为质量和体积之商。从平板上切割出一个硬泡沫塑料试件，对其测量和称重。Bulk density is the quotient of mass and volume. A rigid foam specimen was cut from the flat plate, measured and weighed.

比较实例2：导热系数Comparative Example 2: Thermal Conductivity

1)各向同性的泡沫材料：20.5mW/Km1) Isotropic foam material: 20.5mW/Km

2)各向异性的泡沫材料：19.5mW/Km(组织方向为水平)2) Anisotropic foam material: 19.5mW/Km (organization direction is horizontal)

(用一种n-戊烷(n-Pentan)驱动的聚氨酯系统进行测量)(measured with an n-Pentan driven polyurethane system)

3)冷却和冰冻装置：    22.5-23.5mW/Km(用一种n/i-戊烷驱3) Cooling and freezing device: 22.5-23.5mW/Km (with a kind of n/i-pentane flooding

动的聚氨酯系统进行测量)measurement with a dynamic polyurethane system)

从比较实例2可见导热系数降低约10％，按照本发明则由此得出，在冰箱中按相同的壁厚来说能耗降低约5-7％。From comparative example 2, it can be seen that the thermal conductivity is reduced by about 10%, and according to the present invention, it follows that the energy consumption in the refrigerator is reduced by about 5-7% for the same wall thickness.

泡沫塑料的热导率按照“二板法”(按波思根Poensgen)进行测定，并按DIN52612确定。同时，测量是在各种不同的温度(通常-18℃至+25℃)时进行。在这些测量温度之间平均的温度差为10℃。热导率直接与加热板的电流大小和电压有关，因此也可以把这种测量称作为绝对法。The thermal conductivity of foamed plastics is measured according to the "two-plate method" (according to Poensgen) and determined according to DIN52612. Also, measurements are performed at various temperatures (typically -18°C to +25°C). The average temperature difference between these measurement temperatures was 10°C. Thermal conductivity is directly related to the current and voltage of the heating plate, so this measurement can also be called an absolute method.

Claims (9)

1．制造冰箱的方法，其特征在于，将连续制成的泡沫材料层状元件切断成一定尺寸或者切出坡口，并按图1,2和3布置成一个向两侧敞开的箱盒。1. A method of manufacturing a refrigerator, characterized in that the continuously manufactured layered foam elements are cut to size or beveled and arranged according to Figures 1, 2 and 3 to form a box open to both sides. 2．制造冰箱的方法，其特征在于，将连续制成的层状元件切出坡口，切断，并按图10和11布置成一个壳体。2. A method of manufacturing a refrigerator, characterized in that the continuously produced layered elements are beveled, cut and arranged according to FIGS. 10 and 11 to form a casing. 3．按照权利要求1或者2所述的制造冰箱的方法，其特征在于，后壁或者侧壁都在相应的支承模型里被充上泡沫材料。3. A method of manufacturing a refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rear wall or the side walls are filled with foam material in the corresponding supporting mold. 4．按权利要求1或2所述的制造冰箱的方法，其特征在于，后壁或者侧壁都由相应切断的按本发明的层状元件构成，这些元件的固定可采用机械方法或用胶粘或通过充上泡沫材料(图9)。4. Method for manufacturing a refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rear wall or the side walls are made of corresponding cut-off laminar elements according to the invention, these elements can be fixed mechanically or by gluing or By filling with foam (Figure 9). 5．按权利要求1至4所述的制造冰箱的方法，其特征在于，在连续的发泡工序里放置入真空绝缘板，优先考虑在此工序里按照图5在到达压力区之前使真空绝缘板在一个覆盖层上充上泡沫材料。5. The method for manufacturing a refrigerator according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels are placed in the continuous foaming process, and it is preferred to make the vacuum insulation panels in the pressure zone before reaching the pressure zone according to Figure 5 in this process. A cover layer is filled with foam material. 6．按权利要求1至5所述的制造冰箱的方法，其特征在于，覆盖层里金属覆盖层或者由有机的聚合物制成的覆盖层。6. The method of manufacturing a refrigerator according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the covering layer is a metal covering layer or a covering layer made of an organic polymer. 7．按权利要求1至5所述的制造冰箱的方法，其特征在于，覆盖层在一个或者两个面上应用纸，最好是一种纸-铝膜复合物。7. 5. The method of manufacturing a refrigerator according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the covering layer is made of paper, preferably a paper-aluminum film composite, on one or both sides. 8．按权利要求1至7所述的制造冰箱的方法，其特征在于，在层状件制造时一起采用了侧面成型件，这些侧面成型件可以构成冰箱的正面封闭，或者也可以用作为装配辅助。8. The method for producing a refrigerator according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that side profile parts are used during the manufacture of the laminate, which can form the front closure of the refrigerator or can also be used as assembly aids. 9．按权利要求1至8所述的制造冰箱的方法，其特征在于，最终装配的元件，例如门铰链、密封件、管线以及如蒸发器等的元件就被放在双运输带里牢固地置于泡沫材料里。9. A method of manufacturing refrigerators according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the final assembled elements, such as door hinges, seals, piping and elements such as evaporators, etc. are placed firmly in the double conveyor belt in the foam.
CN99805574A 1998-04-28 1999-04-16 Continuous method for producing a refrigerator Pending CN1298482A (en)

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DE19818890A DE19818890A1 (en) 1998-04-28 1998-04-28 Continuous process of making a refrigerator
DE19818890.0 1998-04-28

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AT (1) ATE221979T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4030999A (en)
BR (1) BR9910026A (en)
CA (1) CA2330065A1 (en)
DE (2) DE19818890A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2181435T3 (en)
HU (1) HUP0101686A3 (en)
PL (1) PL343762A1 (en)
TR (1) TR200003132T2 (en)
WO (1) WO1999056068A1 (en)
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CN102037296A (en) * 2008-05-23 2011-04-27 伊莱克斯公司 refrigeration unit
CN106595208A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-04-26 青岛海尔特种电冰柜有限公司 Manufacturing process for inner container of refrigerator
CN106642892A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-05-10 青岛海尔特种电冰柜有限公司 Refrigerator liner
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HUP0101686A2 (en) 2001-09-28

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