CN1296462C - Auxiliary test device for solvent dewaxing - Google Patents
Auxiliary test device for solvent dewaxing Download PDFInfo
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- CN1296462C CN1296462C CNB031022723A CN03102272A CN1296462C CN 1296462 C CN1296462 C CN 1296462C CN B031022723 A CNB031022723 A CN B031022723A CN 03102272 A CN03102272 A CN 03102272A CN 1296462 C CN1296462 C CN 1296462C
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 54
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 37
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004434 industrial solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 31
- AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;methoxy-dimethyl-trimethylsilyloxysilane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.CO[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229940083037 simethicone Drugs 0.000 description 16
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 on the one hand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种溶剂脱蜡的辅助试验装置，该试验装置由冷冻机、换热器、两个传冷介质储存罐和溶剂脱蜡罐组成，其中冷冻机与换热器通过管线连接构成回路，换热器与第一个传冷介质储存罐通过管线、泵、阀连接构成回路，两个传冷介质储存罐之间通过管线、泵、阀连接构成回路，第二个传冷介质储存罐与溶剂脱蜡罐的夹套通过管线、泵、阀连接构成回路，换热器、第一个传冷介质储存罐和溶剂脱蜡罐通过管线、泵、阀构成回路。本发明完全模拟工业溶剂脱蜡装置的加热、冷冻系统，在降温过程中，无任何急冷现象，是实验室进行溶剂脱蜡工艺研究的理想变温装置，可满足120～-30℃温度范围内的任一温度要求，还可根据要求实现一段或几段的程序升温、降温或恒温过程。An auxiliary test device for solvent dewaxing. The test device is composed of a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, two storage tanks for cooling medium and a solvent dewaxing tank. The refrigerator and the heat exchanger are connected by pipelines to form a circuit, and the heat exchange The device is connected to the first cold transfer medium storage tank through pipelines, pumps, and valves to form a loop, and the two cold transfer medium storage tanks are connected to form a loop through pipelines, pumps, and valves, and the second cold transfer medium storage tank is connected to the solvent. The jacket of the wax tank is connected through pipelines, pumps and valves to form a loop, and the heat exchanger, the first cold transfer medium storage tank and the solvent dewaxing tank are connected through pipelines, pumps and valves to form a loop. The invention completely simulates the heating and freezing system of industrial solvent dewaxing equipment, and there is no rapid cooling phenomenon during the cooling process. For any temperature requirement, one or several stages of programmed temperature rise, temperature drop or constant temperature process can also be realized according to the requirements.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种溶剂脱蜡的试验装置，更具体地说，是一种用于灵活控制溶剂脱蜡温度的中型试验装置。The invention relates to a test device for solvent dewaxing, more specifically, a medium-sized test device for flexibly controlling the temperature of solvent dewaxing.
背景技术 Background technique
溶剂脱蜡工艺是一种非常重要的润滑油生产工艺，其主要作用是脱除原料油中的蜡，最终产品有脱蜡油或脱蜡油及脱油蜡。工业装置主要由冷冻、结晶、过滤、回收四个系统组成，结晶系统的工艺流程如下：原料油经泵打出后，先经过蒸汽加热将原料油全部熔化，再在控制的有利的条件下，依次与水、脱蜡滤液、一次氨冷、二次氨冷换冷，重新结晶，在换冷的过程中多次加入稀释溶剂并始终搅拌，当油样及溶剂的混合浆液降至所需温度后进入过滤系统，在恒定的温度下进行过滤。Solvent dewaxing process is a very important lubricating oil production process. Its main function is to remove wax in raw oil, and the final products are dewaxed oil or dewaxed oil and deoiled wax. The industrial device is mainly composed of four systems: freezing, crystallization, filtration, and recovery. The process flow of the crystallization system is as follows: After the raw material oil is pumped out, it is first heated by steam to melt all the raw material oil, and then under favorable conditions under control, sequentially Exchange cooling with water, dewaxing filtrate, primary ammonia cooling, secondary ammonia cooling, and recrystallize. During the cooling process, add diluent solvent several times and keep stirring. Enter the filter system and filter at a constant temperature.
实验室试验是预先将油样在电炉上熔化，然后依次在室温下的水、低温乙醇液体中进行间接冷却，原料油全部熔化后本应在控制的有利的条件下，以1～2℃/分钟的速度连续降温，直至最终的温度，但实际操作中，由于没有连续的变温介质可供使用，全部实验是由操作人员手工进行，将油样及溶剂的混合浆液断断续续地放到水或低温的乙醇液体中冷却，人为地控制降温速度，同时在整个降温过程中，要不停地搅拌油样及溶剂的混合浆液。由于没有连续的变温介质可供使用，结晶过程也就不可能使用连续的机械搅拌，造成实验人员的劳动强度很大，并且时常会因为油样及溶剂的混合浆液与低温的乙醇液体间的温差太大，产生急冷现象，使蜡晶体的成长变差，影响到过滤速度及脱蜡油的收率，另外由于使用乙醇液体作为传冷介质，一方面由于乙醇沸点低，易挥发，实验中要考虑防火防爆的问题，另一方面对人体产生毒害。实验室的过滤系统，通常是把过滤漏斗放在一个有夹套的容器中，夹套中充制冷剂如液氨等，因为是手工操作，很难使漏斗的温度正好恒定在实验所需的温度。The laboratory test is to melt the oil sample on the electric furnace in advance, and then conduct indirect cooling in water at room temperature and low-temperature ethanol liquid successively. The temperature is continuously lowered at a speed of 1 minute until the final temperature. However, in actual operation, since there is no continuous temperature-changing medium available, all experiments are performed manually by the operator, and the mixed slurry of oil samples and solvents is intermittently placed in water or low temperature. Cool in the ethanol liquid, artificially control the cooling rate, and at the same time, keep stirring the mixed slurry of oil sample and solvent during the whole cooling process. Since there is no continuous temperature-changing medium available, it is impossible to use continuous mechanical stirring in the crystallization process, resulting in a high labor intensity for experimenters, and often due to the temperature difference between the mixed slurry of oil samples and solvents and the low-temperature ethanol liquid If it is too large, it will cause rapid cooling, make the growth of wax crystals worse, and affect the filtration rate and the yield of dewaxed oil. In addition, because ethanol liquid is used as the cooling medium, on the one hand, ethanol has a low boiling point and is volatile. Consider the problem of fire prevention and explosion protection, on the other hand, it is poisonous to the human body. For laboratory filtration systems, the filter funnel is usually placed in a jacketed container, and the jacket is filled with refrigerants such as liquid ammonia. Because it is manually operated, it is difficult to keep the temperature of the funnel exactly at the required temperature for the experiment. temperature.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种溶剂脱蜡的辅助试验装置，实现传冷介质的连续变温，进而使结晶系统实现机械化，既要满足实验室对结晶系统的变温要求，又要满足实验室对过滤系统的恒温要求。The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary test device for solvent dewaxing, which can realize the continuous temperature change of the cooling medium, and then realize the mechanization of the crystallization system. The constant temperature requirement of the system.
本发明提供的试验装置为：该试验装置由冷冻机、换热器、两个传冷介质储存罐和溶剂脱蜡罐组成，其中冷冻机与换热器通过管线连接构成回路，换热器与第一个传冷介质储存罐通过管线、泵和阀连接构成回路，两个传冷介质储存罐之间通过管线、泵和阀连接构成回路，第二个传冷介质储存罐与溶剂脱蜡罐的夹套通过管线、泵和阀连接构成回路，换热器、第一个传冷介质储存罐和溶剂脱蜡罐的夹套通过管线、泵和阀构成回路，两个传冷介质储存罐内均装有电加热器、控温部分，所述的传冷介质为乙二醇与水的混合物或二甲基硅油。The test device provided by the present invention is: the test device is composed of a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, two storage tanks for cooling medium and a solvent dewaxing tank, wherein the refrigerator and the heat exchanger are connected by pipelines to form a circuit, and the heat exchanger and the The first cooling medium storage tank is connected to form a loop through pipelines, pumps and valves, and the two cooling medium storage tanks are connected to form a loop through pipelines, pumps and valves. The second cooling medium storage tank is connected to the solvent dewaxing tank The jacket of the heat exchanger, the first cooling medium storage tank and the solvent dewaxing tank are connected to form a circuit through pipelines, pumps and valves. All are equipped with an electric heater and a temperature control part, and the cooling medium is a mixture of ethylene glycol and water or simethicone oil.
本发明完全模拟工业溶剂脱蜡装置的加热、冷冻系统，在降温过程中，无任何急冷现象，是实验室进行溶剂脱蜡工艺研究的理想变温装置，可满足120～-30℃温度范围内的任一温度要求，还可根据要求实现一段或几段的程序升温、降温或恒温过程。The invention completely simulates the heating and freezing system of industrial solvent dewaxing equipment, and there is no rapid cooling phenomenon during the cooling process. For any temperature requirement, one or several stages of programmed temperature rise, temperature drop or constant temperature process can also be realized according to the requirements.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图是本发明提供的溶剂脱蜡的辅助试验装置示意图。The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary test device for solvent dewaxing provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
本发明提供的试验装置为：该试验装置由冷冻机、换热器、两个传冷介质储存罐和溶剂脱蜡罐组成，其中冷冻机与换热器通过管线连接构成回路，换热器与第一个传冷介质储存罐通过管线、泵和阀连接构成回路，两个传冷介质储存罐之间通过管线、泵和阀连接构成回路，第二个传冷介质储存罐与溶剂脱蜡罐的夹套通过管线、泵和阀连接构成回路，换热器、第一个传冷介质储存罐和溶剂脱蜡罐的夹套通过管线、泵和阀构成回路，两个传冷介质储存罐内均装有电加热器、控温部分，所述的传冷介质为乙二醇与水的混合物或二甲基硅油。The test device provided by the present invention is: the test device is composed of a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, two storage tanks for cooling medium and a solvent dewaxing tank, wherein the refrigerator and the heat exchanger are connected by pipelines to form a circuit, and the heat exchanger and the The first cooling medium storage tank is connected to form a loop through pipelines, pumps and valves, and the two cooling medium storage tanks are connected to form a loop through pipelines, pumps and valves. The second cooling medium storage tank is connected to the solvent dewaxing tank The jacket of the heat exchanger, the first cooling medium storage tank and the solvent dewaxing tank are connected to form a circuit through pipelines, pumps and valves. All are equipped with an electric heater and a temperature control part, and the cooling medium is a mixture of ethylene glycol and water or simethicone oil.
所述冷冻机以氟利昂为制冷剂，换热器为板式换热器。采用的泵均为低温泵。The refrigerator uses Freon as the refrigerant, and the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger. The pumps used are cryogenic pumps.
所述传冷介质为乙二醇与水的混合物或二甲基硅油。其中二甲基硅油主要优点是：(1)、耐热性好，可在150℃下长期使用；(2)、耐寒性好，在-60℃下不凝固，而通常的氨冷冻机或氟利昂冷冻机的蒸发温度在-45℃以上，在-45℃时二甲基硅油的流动性仍很好；(3)、防水性好；(4)、化学稳定性好，除铅外对金属无腐蚀；(5)、生物惰性表明，二甲基硅油为无毒品。二甲基硅油完全可以满足脱蜡结晶系统或过滤系统的任一温度要求；最好采用运动粘度(25℃)小于50mm2/s的二甲基硅油作为传冷介质，使低温下便于输送。The cooling medium is a mixture of ethylene glycol and water or simethicone oil. Among them, the main advantages of simethicone oil are: (1), good heat resistance, and can be used for a long time at 150°C; (2), good cold resistance, does not solidify at -60°C, and the usual ammonia refrigerator or Freon The evaporation temperature of the refrigerator is above -45°C, and the fluidity of simethicone oil is still good at -45°C; (3), good water resistance; (4), good chemical stability, no metals except lead (5) Biological inertness shows that simethicone oil is non-toxic. Simethicone oil can fully meet any temperature requirements of the dewaxing crystallization system or filtration system; it is better to use simethicone oil with a kinematic viscosity (25°C) less than 50mm 2 /s as the cooling medium to facilitate transportation at low temperatures.
乙二醇和水的混合物中乙二醇与水的体积比为30∶70～60∶40最好为50∶50，该混合物特别适用于70～-20℃的温度范围。The volume ratio of ethylene glycol to water in the mixture of ethylene glycol and water is 30:70-60:40, preferably 50:50, and the mixture is especially suitable for the temperature range of 70-20°C.
冷冻机采用氟利昂为制冷剂的冷冻机，而不使用氨冷冻机，减少由于氨泄漏，对操作人员的毒害。The refrigerator uses Freon as the refrigerant instead of ammonia refrigerator to reduce the poisoning of operators due to ammonia leakage.
蒸发器采用板式蒸发器，其特点是由多个板层叠加而成，制冷剂与传冷介质相间而行，换冷效率很高。The evaporator adopts a plate type evaporator, which is characterized by superposition of multiple plate layers. The refrigerant and the cooling medium alternate with each other, and the cooling efficiency is very high.
第一个传冷介质储存罐内装有电加热器、控温部分，第二个传冷介质储存罐内装有盘管及电加热器、控温部分。The first cooling medium storage tank is equipped with an electric heater and a temperature control part, and the second cooling medium storage tank is equipped with a coil tube, an electric heater and a temperature control part.
下面结合附图对本发明所提供的试验装置及其操作方法进行进一步的说明。The test device and its operating method provided by the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
附图是本发明提供的溶剂脱蜡的辅助试验装置示意图。为简化起见，溶剂脱蜡结晶系统和过滤系统均用溶剂脱蜡罐示意，两个传冷介质储存罐内所装的电加热器、控温部分均未标出，这对于本领域普通技术人员能够理解。阀3、9、20、23、26为截止阀。阀34为气动针型调节阀。The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary test device for solvent dewaxing provided by the present invention. For the sake of simplification, the solvent dewaxing crystallization system and filtration system are represented by solvent dewaxing tanks, and the electric heaters and temperature control parts installed in the two cold transfer medium storage tanks are not marked. can understand. Valves 3, 9, 20, 23, 26 are stop valves. Valve 34 is a pneumatic needle regulating valve.
该试验装置由冷冻机28、换热器18、第一个传冷介质储存罐14、第二个传冷介质储存罐1和溶剂脱蜡罐7组成。The test device consists of a refrigerator 28 , a heat exchanger 18 , a first cold transfer medium storage tank 14 , a second cold transfer medium storage tank 1 and a solvent dewaxing tank 7 .
其中冷冻机28与换热器18通过管线29、30连接构成回路即液体氟利昂从冷冻机28进入换热器18，而换热后的气体氟利昂从换热器18进入冷冻机28。Wherein the refrigerator 28 and the heat exchanger 18 are connected through pipelines 29 and 30 to form a circuit, that is, the liquid Freon enters the heat exchanger 18 from the refrigerator 28 , and the gas Freon after heat exchange enters the refrigerator 28 from the heat exchanger 18 .
换热器18与第一个传冷介质储存罐14通过管线15、泵16、管线17、管线19、阀20、管线21连接构成回路，即传冷介质从第一个传冷介质储存罐14出来依次经管线15、泵16、管线17进入换热器18，冷却后的传冷介质自管线19出，依次经阀20、管线21回到第一个传冷介质储存罐14。The heat exchanger 18 is connected to the first cold transfer medium storage tank 14 through the pipeline 15, the pump 16, the pipeline 17, the pipeline 19, the valve 20, and the pipeline 21 to form a circuit, that is, the cold transfer medium is transferred from the first cold transfer medium storage tank 14 It comes out through the pipeline 15, the pump 16, and the pipeline 17 and enters the heat exchanger 18 in turn, and the cooled cooling medium comes out from the pipeline 19, and returns to the first cooling medium storage tank 14 through the valve 20 and the pipeline 21 in turn.
第一个传冷介质储存罐14、第二个传冷介质储存罐1之间通过管线31、泵32、管线33、阀34、管线35、管线36连接构成回路，即传冷介质从第一个传冷介质储存罐14出来依次经管线31、泵32、管线33、阀34、管线35进入第二个传冷介质储存罐1中的盘管。The first cold transfer medium storage tank 14 and the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1 are connected to form a loop through a pipeline 31, a pump 32, a pipeline 33, a valve 34, a pipeline 35, and a pipeline 36, that is, the cold transfer medium flows from the first The first cold transfer medium storage tank 14 comes out and enters the coil in the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1 through the pipeline 31, the pump 32, the pipeline 33, the valve 34, and the pipeline 35 in turn.
第二个传冷介质储存罐1与溶剂脱蜡罐7的夹套通过管线2、阀3、管线4、泵5、管线6、管线8、阀9、管线10连接构成回路，即传冷介质从第二个传冷介质储存罐1出来依次经管线2、阀3、管线4、泵5、管线6进入溶剂脱蜡罐7的夹套，从溶剂脱蜡罐7的夹套出来的传冷介质则依次经管线8、阀9、管线10返回第二个传冷介质储存罐1。为了保证第二个传冷介质储存罐1内的传冷介质温度均匀，由管线11、泵12和管线13构成一个内循环回路。The jacket of the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1 and the solvent dewaxing tank 7 is connected through pipeline 2, valve 3, pipeline 4, pump 5, pipeline 6, pipeline 8, valve 9, and pipeline 10 to form a loop, that is, the cooling medium From the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1, it enters the jacket of the solvent dewaxing tank 7 through the pipeline 2, valve 3, pipeline 4, pump 5 and pipeline 6 in turn, and the cooling medium coming out of the jacket of the solvent dewaxing tank 7 The medium returns to the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1 via pipeline 8, valve 9 and pipeline 10 in sequence. In order to ensure uniform temperature of the cooling medium in the second cooling medium storage tank 1 , an internal circulation loop is formed by the pipeline 11 , the pump 12 and the pipeline 13 .
换热器18、第一个传冷介质储存罐14和溶剂脱蜡罐7的夹套通过管线15、泵16、管线17、管线19、管线22、阀23、管线24、管线4、泵5、管线6、管线8、管线25、阀26、管线27、管线21构成回路，即传冷介质从第一个传冷介质储存罐14出来依次经管线15、泵16、管线17进入换热器18，冷却后的传冷介质自管线19出，依次经管线22、阀23、管线24、管线4、泵5、管线6进溶剂脱蜡罐7的夹套，从溶剂脱蜡罐7的夹套出来的传冷介质则依次经管线8、管线25、阀26、管线27、管线21回到第一个传冷介质储存罐14。The heat exchanger 18, the first cooling medium storage tank 14 and the jacket of the solvent dewaxing tank 7 pass through the pipeline 15, the pump 16, the pipeline 17, the pipeline 19, the pipeline 22, the valve 23, the pipeline 24, the pipeline 4, and the pump 5 , pipeline 6, pipeline 8, pipeline 25, valve 26, pipeline 27, and pipeline 21 form a loop, that is, the cold transfer medium comes out of the first cold transfer medium storage tank 14 and enters the heat exchanger through pipeline 15, pump 16, and pipeline 17 in sequence 18. The cooled cooling medium comes out from the pipeline 19, and enters the jacket of the solvent dewaxing tank 7 through the pipeline 22, the valve 23, the pipeline 24, the pipeline 4, the pump 5 and the pipeline 6 in turn, and passes through the jacket of the solvent dewaxing tank 7. The cold-transfer medium that comes out is returned to the first cold-transfer medium storage tank 14 through the pipeline 8, the pipeline 25, the valve 26, the pipeline 27, and the pipeline 21 in sequence.
下面举例说明变温过程的实现方式：The following example illustrates the realization of the variable temperature process:
流程1、满足结晶系统对温度的要求，设定最终所需温度为-30℃，系统内传冷介质为二甲基硅油。Process 1. To meet the temperature requirements of the crystallization system, set the final required temperature to -30°C, and the cooling medium in the system is dimethyl silicone oil.
1)、将原料油放入溶剂脱蜡罐7后，开阀3、9、20，关阀23、26，开泵5、12、16，开第二个传冷介质储存罐1中电加热器，第二个传冷介质储存罐1中二甲基硅油升温，按如下路径在泵的循环作用下，溶剂脱蜡罐7夹套内的二甲基硅油也开始升温：二甲基硅油自第二个传冷介质储存罐1出，依次经管线2、阀3、管线4至泵5，出泵5经管线6进入溶剂脱蜡罐7夹套内，经管线8出夹套后，再依次经过阀9、管线10回到第二个传冷介质储存罐1中。30分钟内装置里的油样即可全部熔化，达到实验所需的温度，停第二个传冷介质储存罐1内的电加热器。1) After putting the raw material oil into the solvent dewaxing tank 7, open the valves 3, 9, 20, close the valves 23, 26, open the pumps 5, 12, 16, and turn on the electric heating in the second cooling medium storage tank 1 device, the simethicone oil in the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1 heats up, and the simethicone oil in the jacket of the solvent dewaxing tank 7 also starts to heat up under the circulation of the pump according to the following path: The second cold-transfer medium storage tank 1 exits, passes through pipeline 2, valve 3, pipeline 4 to pump 5 in sequence, and pump 5 enters the jacket of solvent dewaxing tank 7 through pipeline 6, and exits the jacket through pipeline 8, and then Return to the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1 through the valve 9 and the pipeline 10 in turn. The oil sample in the device can be completely melted within 30 minutes, and the temperature required for the experiment is reached, and the electric heater in the second cooling medium storage tank 1 is stopped.
2)开冷冻机28，第一个传冷介质储存罐14内的二甲基硅油开始蓄冷。二甲基硅油的循环路径如下：二甲基硅油自第一个传冷介质储存罐14出，依次经管线15、泵16、管线17进板式换热器18，与氟利昂换冷，再经过管线19、阀20、管线21回到第一个传冷介质储存罐14。冷冻机内氟利昂则经管线29进板式换热器18，经管线30回冷冻机28。2) Turn on the refrigerator 28, and the simethicone oil in the first cold transfer medium storage tank 14 starts to store cold. The circulation path of simethicone oil is as follows: simethicone oil comes out from the first cold transfer medium storage tank 14, enters the plate heat exchanger 18 through pipeline 15, pump 16, and pipeline 17 in turn, exchanges cold with freon, and then passes through the pipeline 19. The valve 20 and the pipeline 21 return to the first cold transfer medium storage tank 14 . Freon in the refrigerator enters the plate heat exchanger 18 through the pipeline 29 and returns to the refrigerator 28 through the pipeline 30 .
3)启动泵32，计算机控制系统根据实验要求，自动调节阀34的开度，冷量不断地由第一个传冷介质储存罐14取出，依次经管线31、泵32、管线33、阀34、管线35进入第二个传冷介质储存罐1内的盘管，使第二个传冷介质储存罐1内的二甲基硅油温度也不断降低，进而使溶剂脱蜡罐7内样品以1～2℃/分钟的速度，降到所需温度即-30℃(-30℃通常为工业生产的极限温度)，出盘管的二甲基硅油再经管线36回到第一个传冷介质储存罐14。3) Start the pump 32, the computer control system automatically adjusts the opening of the valve 34 according to the experimental requirements, and the cooling capacity is continuously taken out from the first cold transfer medium storage tank 14, and then passes through the pipeline 31, the pump 32, the pipeline 33, and the valve 34 in turn 1. The pipeline 35 enters the coil pipe in the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1, so that the temperature of the simethicone oil in the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1 is also continuously reduced, and then the sample in the solvent dewaxing tank 7 is reduced by 1 ~2°C/min speed, down to the required temperature -30°C (-30°C is usually the limit temperature of industrial production), the simethicone oil out of the coil is returned to the first cooling medium through the pipeline 36 storage tank 14.
流程2、满足过滤系统的低温要求Process 2. Meet the low temperature requirements of the filtration system
溶剂脱蜡罐7准备好后，开阀23、26，关阀3、9、20，开泵5、16，开冷冻机28使系统温度迅速降低，通过第一个传冷介质储存罐14内的电加热器来确保装置温度恒定。循环路径如下：二甲基硅油自第一个传冷介质储存罐14出，依次经管线15、泵16、管线17进板式换热器18，自管线19出，依次经管线22、阀23、管线24、管线4、泵5、管线6进溶剂脱蜡罐7的夹套，出溶剂脱蜡罐7的夹套，依次经管线8、管线25、阀26、管线27、管线21回到第一个传冷介质储存罐14。After the solvent dewaxing tank 7 is ready, open the valves 23, 26, close the valves 3, 9, 20, open the pumps 5, 16, and open the refrigerator 28 to rapidly reduce the temperature of the system. An electric heater is used to ensure a constant temperature of the device. The circulation path is as follows: the simethicone oil comes out from the first cold transfer medium storage tank 14, enters the plate heat exchanger 18 through the pipeline 15, the pump 16, and the pipeline 17 in turn, and comes out from the pipeline 19, and then passes through the pipeline 22, the valve 23, Pipeline 24, pipeline 4, pump 5, pipeline 6 enter the jacket of solvent dewaxing tank 7, go out of the jacket of solvent dewaxing tank 7, return to the first through pipeline 8, pipeline 25, valve 26, pipeline 27, pipeline 21 successively A cooling medium storage tank 14.
流程3、满足过滤系统的高温要求Process 3. Meet the high temperature requirements of the filtration system
在工业脱蜡装置上，如果只进行低温脱蜡，则只能得到脱蜡油和含油蜡两种产品，如果对含油蜡再继续进行脱油，又进一步可得到蜡产品和蜡下油，脱油过滤一般是在2～30℃的温度下进行，其实现方式如下：当传冷介质自然温度低于脱油过滤温度时，打开阀3、9，关阀26，打开第二个传冷介质储存罐1内的电加热器，打开泵5，通过第二个传冷介质储存罐1内的电加热器来控制装置温度恒定在要求值，循环路径如下：二甲基硅油自第二个传冷介质储存罐1出，依次经管线2、阀3、管线4、泵5、管线6，进溶剂脱蜡罐7的夹套，出溶剂脱蜡罐7的夹套，依次经管线8、阀9、管线10回到第二个传冷介质储存罐1。当传冷介质自然温度高于脱油过滤温度时，按流程1中的2)、3)两步来控制装置温度恒定在要求值。In industrial dewaxing equipment, if only low-temperature dewaxing is performed, only two products, dewaxed oil and oily wax, can be obtained. Oil filtration is generally carried out at a temperature of 2 to 30°C, and its implementation is as follows: when the natural temperature of the cooling medium is lower than the oil removal and filtration temperature, open valves 3 and 9, close valve 26, and open the second cooling medium The electric heater in the storage tank 1 turns on the pump 5, and the temperature of the device is controlled to be constant at the required value through the electric heater in the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1. The circulation path is as follows: dimethyl silicone oil flows from the second transfer medium The cold medium storage tank 1 exits, passes through pipeline 2, valve 3, pipeline 4, pump 5, pipeline 6 in turn, enters the jacket of solvent dewaxing tank 7, exits the jacket of solvent dewaxing tank 7, and passes through pipeline 8, valve 9. The pipeline 10 returns to the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1 . When the natural temperature of the cooling medium is higher than the deoiling and filtering temperature, follow steps 2) and 3) in process 1 to control the temperature of the device to be constant at the required value.
在不同的情况下，通过计算机对第一个传冷介质储存罐14内的电加热器或第二个传冷介质储存罐1内的电加热器或阀34来进行控制，达到装置所需的设定温度。Under different circumstances, the electric heater in the first cold transfer medium storage tank 14 or the electric heater or valve 34 in the second cold transfer medium storage tank 1 are controlled by the computer to reach the required temperature of the device. set temperature.
本发明完全模拟工业溶剂脱蜡装置的加热、冷冻系统，在降温过程中，无任何急冷现象，是实验室进行溶剂脱蜡工艺研究的理想变温装置，可满足120～-30℃温度范围内的任一温度要求，还可根据要求实现一段或几段的程序升温、降温或恒温过程。The invention completely simulates the heating and freezing system of industrial solvent dewaxing equipment, and there is no rapid cooling phenomenon during the cooling process. For any temperature requirement, one or several stages of programmed temperature rise, temperature drop or constant temperature process can also be realized according to the requirements.
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| EP0027841A1 (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1981-05-06 | Alfonso Castiglione | Dewaxing plant |
| EP0272729A1 (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-29 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Process for the manufacture of lubricating base oils |
| US5647971A (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1997-07-15 | Nippon Petroleum Refining Company Limited | Method and apparatus for changing solvent composition in a solvent recovery system of a dewaxing apparatus |
| CN1158884A (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1997-09-10 | 中国石油化工总公司 | Fluid bed solvent dewaxing process |
| US6024862A (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 2000-02-15 | Advanced Refining Technologies, Inc. | Petroleum-wax separation |
| CN1335373A (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2002-02-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司兰州炼化分公司 | Industrial production technology of dewaxing fluidized bed solvent |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0027841A1 (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1981-05-06 | Alfonso Castiglione | Dewaxing plant |
| EP0272729A1 (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-29 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Process for the manufacture of lubricating base oils |
| US6024862A (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 2000-02-15 | Advanced Refining Technologies, Inc. | Petroleum-wax separation |
| US5647971A (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1997-07-15 | Nippon Petroleum Refining Company Limited | Method and apparatus for changing solvent composition in a solvent recovery system of a dewaxing apparatus |
| CN1158884A (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1997-09-10 | 中国石油化工总公司 | Fluid bed solvent dewaxing process |
| CN1335373A (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2002-02-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司兰州炼化分公司 | Industrial production technology of dewaxing fluidized bed solvent |
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