CN1285867C - Refrigerating method and equipment - Google Patents
Refrigerating method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1285867C CN1285867C CN 200510068019 CN200510068019A CN1285867C CN 1285867 C CN1285867 C CN 1285867C CN 200510068019 CN200510068019 CN 200510068019 CN 200510068019 A CN200510068019 A CN 200510068019A CN 1285867 C CN1285867 C CN 1285867C
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- working medium
- compressor
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- refrigeration
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a novel refrigerating method and equipment. The method comprises the following procedures that firstly, a working medium absorbs the heat quantity of a thermal source to heat and boost; then, the working medium is expanded to output shaft power, and subsequently, the working medium is condensed to discharge heat; the working medium is vaporized to realize refrigeration after throttled, and the vaporized working medium is compressed to finish a work cycle. A refrigerating system of the present invention comprehensively finishes an engine cycle and a refrigerating cycle by the cycle of six procedures. The present invention is good for the exploration and the utilization of the thermal sources with low temperature, such as solar energy, geothermy, etc. at a heating aspect and a refrigeration aspect. Compared with the existing refrigerating system, the present invention has the advantages of electrical energy saving, small volume, high thermal efficiency, direct heat energy conversion, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refrigerating method and device.
Background technology
Figure 1 shows that the prior art vapour compression refrigeration system, this system is made of compressor 1, condenser 4, choke valve 5, evaporimeter 6, and wherein choke valve 5 can be replaced by decompressor.Enter condenser 4 condensation heat releases after compressed machine 1 compression of refrigeration working medium in the system, under the control of choke valve 5, enter evaporimeter 6 evaporations then---realize refrigeration, working medium after the evaporation is entered condenser 4 after compressor 1 compression once more, finishes kind of refrigeration cycle and so forth.Existing vapor compression refrigeration device is realized compression refrigeration in the mode that electric energy is converted to mechanical energy usually, can not rely on thermal refrigerating.In the energy day by day nervous and expensive today, a large amount of low-temperature heat sources that how to utilize nature to exist are realized refrigeration, so that reduce the consumption of other energy even substitute other energy, become a problem of refrigeration industry research.
Summary of the invention
At the problem that prior art exists, the purpose of this invention is to provide refrigerating method and the device of a kind of a part of thermal power transfer of the working medium after can directly utilizing working medium after the compression to absorb the heat of low-temperature heat source and will absorb heat for mechanical energy.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of refrigerating method, this method may further comprise the steps: at first make working medium absorb thermal source heat increasing temperature and pressure, output shaft work then expands, condensation heat release again, after evaporation realizes refrigeration after the throttling, the working medium after the evaporation is compressed finishes a working cycles.
Further, the shaft work of described working medium expansion output provides power for this working medium is compressed.
A kind of device of realizing said method, this device is made of heater, decompressor, condenser, choke valve, evaporimeter, compressor, heater connects decompressor, condenser, choke valve, evaporimeter and compressor successively, and compressor connects described heater, and this decompressor is provided with output shaft.
Further, described output shaft is connected with described compressor by power train.
Further, described output shaft is connected with generator by power train, and this generator is connected with described compressor, and this generator drives described compressor operating with the electric energy that sends.
After adopting said structure, apparatus of the present invention have been set up heater and decompressor, added in heater the process of working medium heating in existing steam compression type refrigeration cyclic process and to make working medium be the process of mechanical energy with thermal power transfer in decompressor, the drive compression machine work directly or indirectly of this mechanical energy is to keep whole circulation.Utilize working medium to absorb the heat drive compressor operating of low-temperature heat source in this device, help the development and utilization of low-temperature heat sources such as solar energy, underground heat, compare not only saves energy with existing refrigeration system, and have that volume is little, the thermal efficiency is high, can directly carry out advantages such as thermal power transfer, in addition, the mechanical energy exported in decompressor of working medium can also provide power for other system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing refrigeration system principle of compositionality figure;
Fig. 2 refrigeration system principle of compositionality of the present invention figure;
Fig. 3 is perfect condition working medium p-h figure.
The specific embodiment
A kind of refrigerating method of the present invention, this method may further comprise the steps: at first make working medium absorb the heat increasing temperature and pressure of low-temperature heat source in heater 2, expansion working drives decompressor output shaft work in decompressor 3 then, the output shaft of this decompressor 3 both can be worked by power trains such as shaft coupling or the gear drive compression machine that links to each other with compressor 1 power, also can link to each other with generator, electric energy by generator output drives compressor 1 work then, or directly mechanical energy is exported.Working medium after the expansion enters evaporimeter 6 evaporations through choke valve 5 and realizes refrigeration, and the working medium after the evaporation is finished a circulation by compressor 1 compression, and the flow direction of working medium is shown in arrow among Fig. 2, and the change procedure of working medium as shown in Figure 3; Described low-temperature heat source can be a solar energy, also can adopt thermals source such as underground heat.
As shown in Figure 2, realize the device of said method, this device is made of heater 2, decompressor 3, condenser 4, choke valve 5, evaporimeter 6, compressor 1, heater connects decompressor, condenser, choke valve, evaporimeter and compressor successively, compressor connects described heater, and this decompressor is provided with the output shaft that can be connected by power trains such as shaft coupling or gear and compressor or generator or other system.The output shaft of this decompressor 3 both can link to each other with compressor 1 power by power trains such as shaft coupling or gears, also can link to each other with generator, and the electric energy by generator output promotes compressor 1 work then, or by power trains such as shaft coupling or gears mechanical energy is exported.Choke valve 5 can be replaced by decompressor equally, and thermal source can be a solar energy, also can adopt thermals source such as underground heat.Working medium in the heater 2 is T in temperature
hThermal source heating increasing temperature and pressure down, enter and drive decompressor 3 output mechanical energies, this mechanical energy directly drives (or drive by generating electricity) compressor 1 work.Working medium enters condenser 4 condensations (realization heat supply) after decompressor 3 outputs, and under the control of choke valve 5, enter evaporimeter 6 sweat coolings, working medium after the evaporation is by compressor 1 compression, working medium temperature, pressure raise once more, temperature further raises under thermal source 2 heating subsequently, for circulation is next time got ready, so circulation.
Refrigeration system of the present invention can thermal source be that the energy freezes (heat) both, also the thermal source heat can be converted into mechanical energy output by decompressor.
In conjunction with the figure of working medium p-h as shown in Figure 3, further specify the method to set up of operation principle of the present invention and operating point.
If working medium flows into when the heater 2 and the quality that flows out is stable equating, so working medium absorbs external heat in heater 2 when being heated, its specific volume is constant all the time.Among Fig. 2, be shown in the 1-2 segment table that working medium is warming up to T along the geometric ratio volume line in the heater 2
2Heating process, absorb external heat Q
1=h
2-h
1Working medium after the heating can be converted into mechanical energy We through decompressor 3 in a part
1, 2 arriving operating points 3 along insentrope from the operating point, temperature is reduced to T
3, the mechanical energy We of output
1=h
2-h
3Working medium enters condenser 4 release heat Q
2=h
4-h
3(that is: heating load) except initial segment, is constant temperature process basically, and temperature is T
4, at this moment working medium 3 is crossed operating point 7 and is arrived operating points 4 from the operating point, and expands isentropically to operating point 5 through choke valve 5, and temperature is by T
4Reduce to T
5Working medium enters evaporimeter 6 subsequently and absorbs external heat Q
3=h
6-h
5(that is: refrigerating capacity) arrives operating point 6, realized refrigeration.After this compressed machine 1 increasing temperature and pressure of working medium, 6 cross operating point 7 and get back to operating point 1 from the operating point, finish a working cycles.The energy Wc=h that compression is consumed
1-h
6Here, Wc is by We
1Provide.The output shaft of decompressor 3 both can link to each other with compressor 1 power by power trains such as shaft coupling or gears, also can link to each other with generator, and then promoted compressor 1 work with the electric energy that sends.
According to the second law of thermodynamics, the described relation of following formula is arranged:
Q
1+Q
3＝Q
2+(We
1-Wc) (1)
Because of Wc is by We
1Provide, so the primary condition of system's operation is
We
1≥Wc
That is:
h
2-h
3≥h
1-h
6
If the heater heat source temperature is T
h, condenser ambient temperature be T
Oh, evaporimeter ambient temperature be T
Ol, the necessary condition of system's operation is:
T
h＞T
2、T
oh＜T
4、T
ol＞T5
And:
T2＞T4＞T5
And
T
h＞T
oh＞T
ol
Then be objective constraints.
In sum, find out that in the prior art, the essence of compression refrigeration is the circulation that is made of 7-4-5-6-7 in conjunction with Fig. 2.Theoretical core of the present invention is in the cyclic process of this working medium, bringing-up section 1-2 and expansion arc 2-3 have been increased, simultaneously again condensation process 7-4 is extended to 3 by operating point 7, compression process 6-7 is extended to 1 by operating point 7, changed 1,3 theoretical foundations that should coincide with 7 formation closed circulation in the prior art.Obviously the circulation that is made of 7-1-2-3-7 is hot machine circulation, but in the present invention each technological process stage do not have actual operating point 7, can't be decomposed into kind of refrigeration cycle and two parts of hot machine circulation to the cyclic process of working medium in equipment.Therefore, the present invention has realized hot machine circulation and two parts of kind of refrigeration cycle by six process synthesises.
From application point of view, heat Q
1The energy that is consumed when being apparatus of the present invention work; When this device during as heat pump, Q
2It is exactly the heating load of apparatus of the present invention; When this device during as refrigeration unit, Q
3It is exactly needed refrigerating capacity; When this device of needs output shaft work (mechanical energy), its output mechanical energy is W=We
1-Wc, Wc are must be in order to the energy that compressor operating consumed in the shaft work of decompressor output.
When the mechanical power of decompressor output all is used for promoting compressor
We
1＝Wc
Formula (1) is reduced to:
Q
1+Q
3＝Q
2 (2)
Or:
Q
3＝Q
2-Q
1 (3)
Obviously, Q
2-Q
1〉=0 o'clock, formula (2) was meaningful, and apparatus of the present invention can be used for refrigeration.Refrigerating efficiency η
OlBe:
η
ol＝Q
3/Q
1 (4)
Or substitution (3):
η
ol＝(Q
2-Q
1)/Q
1 (5)
This is an important conclusion: work as Q
2＞2Q
1The time, refrigerating efficiency η
Ol＞1.In conjunction with Fig. 2 as can be known, work as h
3=h
1And We
1During=Wc, the present invention has the refrigerating efficiency the same with steam compressing refrigerating device.In like manner can get heating efficiency η
OhBe
η
oh＝Q
2/Q
1 (6)
Or substitution (2):
η
oh＝(Q
3+Q
1)/Q
1 (7)
Be that the present invention at any time has heating efficiency η all the time
Oh＞1.Equally, work as h
3=h
1And We
1During=Wc, the present invention has the heating efficiency the same with vapor compression heat pump.
When using apparatus of the present invention output mechanical energy, its mechanical efficiency η
mBe:
η
m＝(We
1-Wc)/Q
1 (8)
Formula (8) can be rewritten as in conjunction with Fig. 2
η
m＝〔h
2-h
3-(h
1-h
6)〕/(h
2-h
1)
Or
η
m＝1-(h
3-h
6)/(h
2-h
1) (9)
That is to say, adjust operating point 1 and operating point 3 left, or adjust operating point 2 to the right and operating point 6 all helps improving mechanical efficiency η
mFrom present existing working medium, always on insentrope 3-2, and T is arranged at the 2 geometric ratio volume line 1-2 that intersect
4＞T
5So operating point 6 is 3 the left side and not overlapping in the operating point always, and h is promptly always arranged
3＞h
6Again because Q is always arranged
1=h
2-h
1＞0, so mechanical efficiency eta is always arranged
m＜1.In order to obtain shaft work output, i.e. η
m＞0, get from formula (9)
(h
2-h
1)＞(h
3-h
6) (10)
This is the key of design apparatus of the present invention in the practicality.Do not satisfy the implication of formula (10) and find out, if η from formula (8)
m＜0, We is described
1＜Wc.In actual design process,, in the time of all can not satisfying formula (10), can only improve T by adjusting operating point 1, operating point 3 and operating point 6
2, promptly adjust operating point 2 to the right, this is actually the temperature T that requires to improve the heater thermal source
hBut must be noted that T
hBeing the heat source temperature that can obtain, from hope of the present invention, should be T
hLow more good more.
Obviously, the overall efficiency η hot and cold, the shaft work coproduction of apparatus of the present invention is:
η＝η
ol+η
oh+η
m
That is to say, utilize temperature T
hThermal source do the energy, can obtain hot and cold simultaneously and shaft work by apparatus of the present invention, its efficient is respectively η
Ol, η
OhAnd η
m, overall efficiency is η.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510068019 CN1285867C (en) | 2005-04-30 | 2005-04-30 | Refrigerating method and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510068019 CN1285867C (en) | 2005-04-30 | 2005-04-30 | Refrigerating method and equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1667332A CN1667332A (en) | 2005-09-14 |
| CN1285867C true CN1285867C (en) | 2006-11-22 |
Family
ID=35038562
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510068019 Expired - Lifetime CN1285867C (en) | 2005-04-30 | 2005-04-30 | Refrigerating method and equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1285867C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5103952B2 (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2012-12-19 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Refrigeration equipment |
| EP2312129A1 (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2011-04-20 | ABB Research Ltd. | Thermoelectric energy storage system having an internal heat exchanger and method for storing thermoelectric energy |
| CN102606339A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2012-07-25 | 靳北彪 | Efficient hot-air engine |
| CN102562196A (en) * | 2011-07-16 | 2012-07-11 | 王政玉 | Heat pump type engine |
| CN102862460A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-09 | 安徽润福太阳能产品制造有限公司 | Solar vehicle-mounted air conditioner |
-
2005
- 2005-04-30 CN CN 200510068019 patent/CN1285867C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1667332A (en) | 2005-09-14 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: BEIJING YONGHUIYANG ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Free format text: FORMER OWNER: CHEN ZHI Effective date: 20121129 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 100039 HAIDIAN, BEIJING TO: 100036 HAIDIAN, BEIJING |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20121129 Address after: 100036 Beijing City, Haidian District Fuwai liangjiadian Xiyuan No. 1, No. 10 Building 3, No. 342, 341 Patentee after: BEIJING YONG HUI YANG ENERGY SCI TECH DEV Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100039 Long Feng Hotel, 68 Yongding Road, Beijing, Haidian District, China Patentee before: Chen Zhi |
|
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20061122 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |