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CN1284967C - Portable nondistructive detector for fruit inner quality - Google Patents

Portable nondistructive detector for fruit inner quality Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1284967C
CN1284967C CN 200510056732 CN200510056732A CN1284967C CN 1284967 C CN1284967 C CN 1284967C CN 200510056732 CN200510056732 CN 200510056732 CN 200510056732 A CN200510056732 A CN 200510056732A CN 1284967 C CN1284967 C CN 1284967C
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light source
led light
circuit
led
fruit
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CN1648644A (en
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王忠义
张录达
严衍禄
赵丽丽
李军会
赵龙莲
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China Agricultural University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/02—Food
    • G01N33/025—Fruits or vegetables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种便携式果品内部品质无损检测装置，其特征在于：它包括一样品仓、一电路仓、一外设计算机和一作为基准的由环氧树脂材料制作的中性参比样；所述样品仓的中部设置有LED光源，顶部和底部设置有光电检测器，靠近所述光电检测器和LED光源分别设置有一温度传感器；所述电路仓内设置有电源和控制电路，所述电路仓表面设置有液晶显示器、操作按键和计算机接口端子，所述计算机连接所述计算机接口端子，所述LED光源、光电检测器、温度传感器和计算机接口端子分别与所述控制电路电连接。本发明检测结果准确率高，功耗低，适于便携，它可以广泛用于各种新鲜果品内部品质的无损检测。

Figure 200510056732

The invention relates to a portable non-destructive detection device for the internal quality of fruit, which is characterized in that it includes a sample compartment, a circuit compartment, a peripheral computer and a neutral reference sample made of epoxy resin material as a reference; The middle part of the sample chamber is provided with an LED light source, the top and the bottom are provided with a photoelectric detector, and a temperature sensor is respectively arranged near the photoelectric detector and the LED light source; a power supply and a control circuit are arranged in the circuit chamber, and the circuit chamber The surface is provided with a liquid crystal display, operation keys and computer interface terminals, the computer is connected to the computer interface terminals, and the LED light source, photoelectric detector, temperature sensor and computer interface terminals are respectively electrically connected to the control circuit. The invention has high detection result accuracy, low power consumption, and is suitable for portability, and can be widely used in non-destructive detection of internal quality of various fresh fruits.

Figure 200510056732

Description

A kind of portable nondistructive detector for fruit inner quality
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fruit inside quality pick-up unit, particularly about a kind of portable nondistructive detector for fruit inner quality.
Background technology
Fruit pol, acidity, freshness etc. can reflect the quality of fruit, and some disease of fruit (as the water core of apple, the black heart of pear etc.) can influence the quality of fruit, be difficult to detect the index of reflection fruit inside quality for these from the appearance of fruit, conventional detection method is damage type often, that is, check the quality of fruit inside by observation to the fruit section.The method of this conventional sampling Detection, speed is slow, and the fruit loss is big, testing result can only be understood the quality of having cut fruit, and can't understand the quality of not cutting fruit definitely, therefore the testing result that obtains only is statistical data, rather than the real quality evaluation of each fruit.People are in order to detect the quality of fruit, also considered harmless detection method, as Jap.P. JP2003329583, what describe in JP2003329582 and the similar patented method is to adopt the diffuse transmission method, but measurement result is subjected to the fruit effect of altitude, makes measurement result uncertain.Though Jap.P. JP1028544 is a reflection measurement, its method, step and device can only measure the material of shallow-layer, can't reflect the fruit internal situation.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, it is fast to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of detection speed, can the inside quality of each fruit be detected, and portable nondistructive detector for fruit inner quality easy to use.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of portable nondistructive detector for fruit inner quality is characterized in that: it comprises a sample bin, a circuit storehouse, a peripheral hardware computing machine and a neutral reference by the epoxide resin material making as benchmark; The middle part of described sample bin is provided with led light source, and top and bottom are provided with photoelectric detector, is respectively arranged with a temperature sensor near described photoelectric detector and led light source; Described circuit is provided with power supply and control circuit in the storehouse, surface, described circuit storehouse is provided with LCD, operation push-button and computer interface terminal, described computing machine connects described computer interface terminal, and described led light source, photoelectric detector, temperature sensor and computer interface terminal are electrically connected with described control circuit respectively.
Described control circuit comprises the microcontroller of band analog-digital converter A/D, led light source driving circuit, prime amplifier and the serial port circuit of 2～10 kinds of wavelength; Described microcontroller is electrically connected described photoelectric detector, temperature sensor by described prime amplifier, described microcontroller is electrically connected the keyboard of described LCD, serial port circuit, led drive circuit and peripheral hardware computing machine respectively, described led drive circuit is electrically connected described led light source, and described serial port circuit is electrically connected described computer interface terminal.
Described sample bin is rounded, it comprises a movable loam cake and a base, surface, described circuit storehouse also comprises a led light source and photoelectric detector Interface Terminal, described led light source and photoelectric detector line are drawn from the described tops of going up, and are electrically connected described led drive circuit and prime amplifier by described led light source and photoelectric detector Interface Terminal.
Described photoelectric detector is a semi-conductor photodetector, and its quantity is 2～10, and described photoelectric detector is provided with the black rubber pipe that blocks parasitic light.
The material of the described neutral reference that uses as benchmark is epoxy resin.
Described led light source is 2～10 kinds of wavelength monochromatic LED lamps, or comprises the composite LED lamp of 2～10 wavelength, or the LED lamp adds a kind of in the optical filter, and its wavelength coverage is 800～1100nm.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, radiothermy near infrared light 800～1100nm of the present invention spectrum district quantity of information is abundant, penetration capacity is strong, to the undamaged characteristics of sample, select several fruit characteristic wavelengths in the spectrum district, by apparatus of the present invention the light absorption and the scattering situation of fruit are measured, and handle wavelength transmitance that detecting device measures or absorbance etc., thereby realized the purpose of non-destructive determination fruit inside quality effectively by chemometrics method.2, the present invention adopts a plurality of 2～10 wavelength LED combinations, has proofreaied and correct diffuse transmission influence and has eliminated the interference of background composition, and the LED lamp of different wave length is staggered, and can reduce the unevenness of sample.3, light source issued light of the present invention is made up of several detecting devices in parallel after by fruit to be measured, has enlarged the area of detection of detecting device, has reduced the influence that the unevenness of fruit causes; The present invention has simultaneously adopted the diffuse transmission measurement when measuring fruit to be measured, need not measure the height of fruit, and the size of fruit is little to the influence of analysis result.4, the present invention is at the position of light source and detecting device laying temperature sensor, and the temperature of detection light source and detecting device can the influence of Tc to measuring.5, the present invention as reference, has solved the problem of light source output intensity and detecting device coupling with the material of epoxy resin neutrality, has also proofreaied and correct the influence of feature to measuring of light source and detecting device simultaneously.6, the present invention adopts the sample bin structure, control circuit is connected with computing machine, and adopts Chinese liquid crystal display displays, therefore can at any time measurement data be uploaded, and on display, demonstrate parameter content to be measured or sorting number of degrees intuitively, very easy to use.Accuracy rate height of the present invention, low in energy consumption, be suitable for portablely, it can be widely used in the Non-Destructive Testing of various fresh fruit inside qualities.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a sample bin structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a control circuit synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 4 is that the present invention detects the step synoptic diagram
Embodiment
In order to describe design feature of the present invention and concrete operations step in detail, existing following preferred embodiment of act and conjunction with figs. describe.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes one and form the circular sample storehouse by movable loam cake 101 and base 102, a circuit storehouse 103 is established in the sample bin below, and circuit storehouse 103 shells are provided with Chinese LCD 104, operation push-button 5, LED lamp line Interface Terminal 6 and computer interface terminal 7.
As shown in Figure 2, sample bin loam cake 101 circumferentially be provided with led light source 108, led light source 108 is 2～10 kinds of wavelength monochromatic LED light sources 108, its wavelength coverage is 800～1100nm.Led light source 108 can be the combination of a plurality of single wavelength LED lamps, also can be a composite LED lamp that comprises multi-wavelength, can also be that the LED lamp adds optical filter, and the light source 108 of present embodiment is to select 6 single wavelength LED lamp combinations for use.Loam cake 101 tops of sample bin and base 102 bottoms correspondence respectively are provided with photoelectric detector 110, and photoelectric detector 110 usefulness black rubber pipes 111 block parasitic light.Near led light source 108 and photoelectric detector 110 temperature sensor 109 is set respectively, is used for the detected temperatures of perception light source 108 temperature and photoelectric detector 110.Photoelectric detector 110 is a PIN 2CU30S photoelectric detector for 6 pieces of commercially available models.
As shown in Figure 3, be provided with power supply and control circuit in the circuit storehouse 103, control circuit comprises led light source driving circuit 113, prime amplifier 112 and the serial port circuit 115 of microcontroller 114,2～10 kind of wavelength.Microcontroller 114 adopts the microcontroller 114 of the band analog-digital converter A/D of commercially available C8051F005 model, and microcontroller 114 is connected with computing machine by serial port circuit 115 and computer interface terminal 107, transmits data to computing machine.Prime amplifier 112 also is commercially available, and model is TLC272.Microcontroller 114 is electrically connected temperature sensor 109, photoelectric detector 110 by prime amplifier 112.Microcontroller 114 also is electrically connected the keyboard of LCD 104, led drive circuit 113 and peripheral hardware computing machine respectively, and led drive circuit 113 connects led light source 108.The line of led light source 108 and photoelectric detector 110 can be drawn (as shown in Figure 1) from loam cake 101 tops of sample bin, and be inserted on the led light source and photoelectric detector 110 line Interface Terminals 106 that is located at circuit storehouse 103 peripheral hardwares, operation push-button 105 can be controlled the present invention's startup and reset.The present invention also comprises a neutral reference (not shown), and it is a block by the epoxide resin material making, and it has identical absorptivity for various wavelength, is as detecting reference data in test.
In the various embodiments described above, the LED lamp of different wave length can be staggered, to reduce the unevenness of sample.
When the present invention uses, can take following detection step (as shown in Figure 4):
1, at first connects power supply.Open sample bin loam cake 101, neutral reference (neutral calibration block) is inserted on the sample bin base 102, build sample bin loam cake 101, neutral reference is between sample bin loam cake 101 and the storehouse base 102.
2, operation push-button 105, starter gear work, and the led light source 108 timesharing output that makes microcontroller 114 control 6 wavelength (with 6 is that example is illustrated, and does not get rid of other quantity) respectively detects light wavelength, and its wavelength is λ 1=800～850nm, λ 2=850～900nm, λ 3=900～950nm, λ 4=950～1000nm, λ 5=1000～1050nm, λ 6=1050～1100nm, the light of the diffuse transmission behind neutral reference is received by photoelectric detector 110, is the green strength of 6 wavelength light, and it is respectively I 01, I 02, I 03, I 04, I 05, I 06, these 6 wavelength output light are through the analog-digital converter of prime amplifier 112 and microcontroller 114, input microcontroller 114;
3, neutral reference is taken out from sample bin, change fruit 116 (as shown in Figure 2) to be measured; This fruit 116 to be measured is placed on the base 102 in the sample bin, builds sample bin loam cake 101, be i.e. led light source 108 middle part irradiation fruit 116 to be measured and detect the light of diffuse transmissions by photoelectric detector 110 from sample bin.The step of the neutral reference of replication is measured each the wavelength light intensity I that sees through fruit during mensuration, is respectively I 1, I 2, I 3, I 4, I 5, I 6, this output light is imported microcontroller 114 through prime amplifier 112 and analog-digital converter; Measure the temperature t of led light source 108 and photoelectric detector 110 by two temperature sensors 109 1, t 2, through prime amplifier 112 and analog-digital converter, input microcontroller 114.
4, microcontroller 114 utilizes the data (I of each wavelength that detects 0With I) calculate each wavelength and detect the transmitance T (T=I/I of light fruit 0) and light source t 1With detector temperature t 2, utilize equation (1) then
X＝K 0+K 1T 1+K 2T 2+K 3T 3+K 4T 4+K 5T 5+K 6T 6+K 7t 1+K 8t 2 (1)
Wherein X is the physics and chemistry value to be measured of fruit;
K 0, K 1, K 2, K 3, K 4, K 5, K 6, K 7, K 8, be the coefficient of accounting equation;
T 1, T 2, T 3, T 4, T 5, T 6It is the transmitance of 6 wavelength;
t 1, t 2Be respectively the temperature of light source and detecting device;
Calculate the content of parameter to be measured in the fruit, the result is shown by LCD 104.
Use apparatus of the present invention, present embodiment has carried out the mensuration to the sorting of apple grade, according to the data (I of each wavelength of present embodiment detection 0With I), calculate each wavelength and detect the transmitance T (T=I/I of light apple 0), and the sample bin temperature, utilize the stoichiometry algorithm computation to go out the sorting grade of apple then, its result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1: present embodiment is used apparatus of the present invention and is detected the sorting grade that data computation goes out apple
The water core degree 1 grade 2 grades 3 grades 4 grades
The apple number 70 14 10 6
The rank of erroneous judgement 1～2 1～4 2～4 3～2 4～3
The erroneous judgement number 10 1 1 1 2
False Rate 14.3％ 1.4％ 7.1％ 10％ 33.3％
1 grade of fruit of the rank " 1～2 " of erroneous judgement expression is mistaken for 2 grades of fruits in the table 1, and 1 grade of fruit of " 1～4 " expression is mistaken for 4 grades of fruits.

Claims (7)

1、一种便携式果品内部品质无损检测装置，其特征在于：它包括一样品仓、一电路仓、一外设计算机和一作为基准的由环氧树脂材料制作的中性参比样；所述样品仓的中部设置有LED光源，顶部和底部设置有光电检测器，靠近所述光电检测器和LED光源分别设置有一温度传感器；所述电路仓内设置有电源和控制电路，所述电路仓表面设置有液晶显示器、操作按键和计算机接口端子，所述计算机连接所述计算机接口端子，所述LED光源、光电检测器、温度传感器和计算机接口端子分别与所述控制电路电连接。1. A portable fruit internal quality non-destructive testing device, characterized in that: it includes a sample compartment, a circuit compartment, a peripheral computer and a neutral reference sample made of epoxy resin material as a benchmark; The middle part of the sample compartment is provided with an LED light source, the top and the bottom are provided with photoelectric detectors, and a temperature sensor is respectively provided near the photoelectric detector and the LED light source; a power supply and a control circuit are arranged in the circuit compartment, and the surface of the circuit compartment is A liquid crystal display, operation buttons and computer interface terminals are provided, the computer is connected to the computer interface terminals, and the LED light source, photoelectric detector, temperature sensor and computer interface terminals are respectively electrically connected to the control circuit. 2、如权利要求1所述的一种便携式果品内部品质无损检测装置，其特征在于：所述控制电路包括带模拟数字转换器A/D的微控制器、2～10种波长的LED光源驱动电路、前置放大器和串行口电路；所述微控制器通过所述前置放大器电连接所述光电检测器、温度传感器，所述微控制器分别电连接所述液晶显示器、串行口电路、LED驱动电路和外设计算机的键盘，所述LED驱动电路电连接所述LED光源，所述串行口电路电连接所述计算机接口端子。2. A portable non-destructive testing device for internal quality of fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control circuit includes a microcontroller with an analog-to-digital converter (A/D), and LED light sources with 2 to 10 wavelengths. circuit, a preamplifier and a serial port circuit; the microcontroller is electrically connected to the photoelectric detector and temperature sensor through the preamplifier, and the microcontroller is electrically connected to the liquid crystal display and the serial port circuit respectively , an LED driving circuit and a keyboard of a peripheral computer, the LED driving circuit is electrically connected to the LED light source, and the serial port circuit is electrically connected to the computer interface terminal. 3、如权利要求1所述的一种便携式果品内部品质无损检测装置，其特征在于：所述样品仓呈圆形，其包括一活动式上盖和一底座，所述电路仓表面还包括一LED光源和光电检测器接口端子，所述LED光源和光电检测器连线从所述上盖顶部引出，通过所述LED光源和光电检测器接口端子电连接所述LED驱动电路和前置放大器。3. A portable non-destructive testing device for the internal quality of fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sample compartment is circular and includes a movable upper cover and a base, and the surface of the circuit compartment also includes a The LED light source and photodetector interface terminals, the LED light source and photodetector connection wires lead out from the top of the upper cover, and the LED drive circuit and the preamplifier are electrically connected through the LED light source and photodetector interface terminals. 4、如权利要求1所述的一种便携式果品内部品质无损检测装置，其特征在于：所述样品仓呈圆形，其包括一活动式上盖和一底座，所述电路仓表面还包括一LED光源和光电检测器接口端子，所述LED光源和光电检测器连线从所述上盖顶部引出，通过所述LED光源和光电检测器接口端子电连接所述LED驱动电路和前置放大器。4. A portable non-destructive testing device for the internal quality of fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sample compartment is circular and includes a movable upper cover and a base, and the surface of the circuit compartment also includes a The LED light source and photodetector interface terminals, the LED light source and photodetector connection wires lead out from the top of the upper cover, and the LED drive circuit and the preamplifier are electrically connected through the LED light source and photodetector interface terminals. 5、如权利要求1或2或3或4所述的一种便携式果品内部品质无损检测装置，其特征在于：所述光电检测器为半导体光电检测器，其数量为2～10个，所述光电检测器上设置有遮挡杂散光的黑色橡胶管。5. A portable non-destructive testing device for internal quality of fruit according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: said photoelectric detectors are semiconductor photodetectors, the number of which is 2-10, and said The photodetector is provided with a black rubber tube that blocks stray light. 6、如权利要求1或2或3或4所述的一种便携式果品内部品质无损检测装置，其特征在于：所述LED光源为2～10种波长单色LED灯，或包含2～10个波长的复合LED灯，或LED灯加上滤光片中的一种，其波长范围为800～1100nm。6. A portable non-destructive testing device for internal quality of fruit as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: said LED light sources are monochromatic LED lamps with 2 to 10 wavelengths, or include 2 to 10 A compound LED lamp with a wavelength, or one of the LED lamps plus a filter, has a wavelength range of 800-1100nm. 7、如权利要求5所述的一种便携式果品内部品质无损检测装置，其特征在于：所述LED光源为2～10种波长单色LED灯，或包含2～10个波长的复合LED灯，或LED灯加上滤光片中的一种，其波长范围为800～1100nm。7. A portable non-destructive testing device for the internal quality of fruit according to claim 5, wherein the LED light source is a single-color LED lamp with 2 to 10 wavelengths, or a composite LED lamp with 2 to 10 wavelengths, Or LED lights plus one of the filters, the wavelength range of which is 800-1100nm.
CN 200510056732 2005-03-24 2005-03-24 Portable nondistructive detector for fruit inner quality Expired - Fee Related CN1284967C (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101008621B (en) * 2007-01-12 2010-05-26 浙江大学 Fruit defect detection method and device based on multi-sensor information fusion

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BE1018303A3 (en) * 2008-10-10 2010-08-03 Bestray METHOD FOR DIVIDING A STONE FRUIT IN A PRELIMINARY CLASS.
CN101769869B (en) * 2009-01-07 2013-03-27 英华达(上海)电子有限公司 Method and portable device for measuring pol of fruit
CN101799401B (en) * 2010-04-19 2011-12-21 华东交通大学 Handheld near-infrared probe for nondestructive internal quality testing of fruit and detection method
CN103134811B (en) * 2011-11-30 2016-06-15 上海康德莱企业发展集团股份有限公司 The detection method of a kind of needle point burr of syringe
CN103472011A (en) * 2013-09-20 2013-12-25 华东交通大学 Portable fruit internal-quality detection device using optical detector
CN103487397B (en) * 2013-09-23 2015-10-28 浙江农林大学 A kind of thunder bamboo shoots hardness method for quick and device
CN104833636B (en) * 2015-04-15 2017-05-31 浙江大学 A kind of portable large-scale pachydermia class fruit internal quality optical detection apparatus
CN105891149B (en) * 2016-04-08 2018-09-11 中国农业大学 Fruit-vegetable quality analysis method and system based on frequency-domain near-infrared spectrum detection technique

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101008621B (en) * 2007-01-12 2010-05-26 浙江大学 Fruit defect detection method and device based on multi-sensor information fusion

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