CN1284776C - Benzoxazine intermediate containing N-allyl and composition and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Benzoxazine intermediate containing N-allyl and composition and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a benzoxazine intermediate body containing N-allyl, a composition thereof and a preparation process thereof, which relates to the preparation of the benzoxazine intermediate body containing the N-allyl by using allyl primary amine, phenol and aldehyde, and the preparation of the composition by using the benzoxazine intermediate body, other kinds of thermosetting resin and/or filling material by mixing or in-situ polymerization. The benzoxazine intermediate body containing the N-allyl, which is provided by the present invention, comprises the following structural unit: ***. The benzoxazine intermediate body is prepared from the phenol, the amine and the aldehyde in a solution synthesis method or a melting synthesis method, wherein the amine adopts allylamine, and the molar ratio of the functional groups of phenolic hydroxyl, amino and aldehyde radical is 1: (1 to 1.2): (2 to 2.4). The benzoxazine intermediate body containing the N-allyl and the composition thereof have the advantages of good resistance to high temperature, good mechanical property, good flame retardant property and good processing property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a class and contain allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and composition and method of making the same, more particularly, the present invention relates to allyl group primary amine, phenols and aldehydes preparation contain N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate, and use such benzoxazine intermediate and other thermosetting resins and/or filler by the composition that mixes or in-situ polymerization prepares.
Background technology
The Polybenzoxazine resin is on traditional preparation resol method basis, carry out the benzoxazine intermediate that annulation obtains by primary amine, phenols and aldehydes, the ring-opening polymerization of benzoxazine generates open loop resol under the condition of heating (can also use catalyzer), and it is to have the cancellated class novel hot setting resin of nitrogenous and similar resol.
H.Schreiber has reported the ring-opening polymerization of benzoxazine compound at " Verfahren zur herstellung von kunststoffen " (German Patent 2255504) and " Polymerisierbare und/oder hartbare produkte " (German Patent 2323936); Since nineteen ninety, Dui benzoxazine compounds such as H.Ishida have launched active research work, are raw material with dihydric phenol, aromatic primary amine or kiber alkyl amine, formaldehyde, have synthesized multiple single, double benzoxazine intermediate; The domestic Gu Yi of Sichuan University etc. are that raw material has synthesized polytype benzoxazine intermediate with phenol, primary aromatic amine and formaldehyde, and use it for practical goods such as prepared layer pressing plate, brake facing." Dynamicmechanical and thermal characterization of high-performance polybenzoxazines " [J.Polym.Sci.Part B Polym.Phys. for example, 37:3257～3268 (1999)], '-biphenyl diphenol type N-Ben base benzoxazine is disclosed, the second-order transition temperature of its cured article is 200 ℃, 260 ℃ of weightlessness 10%.The aldehydes that adopts in these researchs comprises formalin, Paraformaldehyde 96; Amine comprises aromatic primary amine, kiber alkyl amine, alicyclic ring primary amine; The compound of phenolic hydroxy group comprises single phenolic compound, bisphenol cpd, trisphenol compound, multifunctional phenol, resol, para hydroxybenzene ethene and polymkeric substance or multipolymer.
Related benzoxazine all is a benzoxazine of not being with polymerizable functional group in above-mentioned these technology, the cross-linked network that the open loop of Jin Cun Zai oxazine ring forms in the system, because cross-linking density is low, their resistance toheat is not high, and the second-order transition temperature of most its cured articles of benzoxazine intermediate is lower than 280 degree.The thermotolerance that further improves the Polybenzoxazine resin becomes the topic of current focus.
The Gu Yi of Sichuan University etc. are at " structure and the curing actions of diallyl two benzoxazine intermediates " [polymer journal, 1998,5:595～598] to have reported with adjacent diallyl bisphenol be phenol source and aniline, prepared formaldehyde, and adjacent diallyl bisphenol base benzoxazine You Yu oxazine ring does not have the ortho-hydrogens atom, be difficult to carry out ring-opening polymerization, and cause its open loop temperature higher, but do not report the second-order transition temperature (Tg) of gained cured article.
H.Ishida etc. are at " Dynamic mechanical analysis on highly thermally stablepolybenzoxazines with an acetylene functional group " [Journal of AppliedPolymer Science, 73,857～862 (1999)], reported and adopted expensive ethynyl aniline to prepare the benzoxazine intermediate that contains the acetylene end group, result of study shows that the polyreaction of acetylene end group provides additional cross-linking set, make this class Polybenzoxazine have higher Tg and thermostability, its Tg can reach 329～368 ℃; H.Ishida etc. are at " Thermal study on the copolymers of phthalonitrile andphenylnitrile-functional benzoxazines " [Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 73,2937～2949 (1999)] reported and also adopt expensive neighbour (or or to) position formonitrile HCN base aniline to prepare the multiple benzoxazine intermediate that contains formonitrile HCN functional group, its polymkeric substance also has high Tg, about 300～350 ℃ of Tg; H.Ishida is phenol source and aniline, formaldehyde with the 2-chavicol in the no-solvent process of benzoxazine " preparation " (U.S. Pat 5543516), has prepared allyl group benzo oxazine, does not still report its performance.
" プ ロ パ Le ギ Le エ-テ Le base The has the The Ru newly to advise な 1; 3-ベ Application ゾ オ キ サ ジ Application モ ノ マ one and び overlap レ て な Ru Port リ ベ Application ゾ オ キ サ ジ Application when talking モ ノ マ one The " (the Japanese Patent spy opens 2002-241495) reported and adopted the expensive benzoxazine intermediate that contains end propine group that aminocarbonyl phenyl propine ether has been prepared, its resin has good heat endurance, and Tg can reach 250～320 ℃.
The inventor has proposed the in-situ polymerization of preparation Polybenzoxazine/clay nanocomposites in " Polybenzoxazine/clay nanocomposites and preparation method thereof " (Chinese patent ZL99122268.7), inorganic materials is dispersed in the resin matrix with nanoscale, thereby improve the thermal characteristics of Polybenzoxazine resin, but the benzoxazine intermediate that is adopted does not relate to the benzoxazine intermediate that contains reactive functionality.
The synthetic method of benzoxazine intermediate adopts solution synthetic method usually, for example: amine and formaldehyde mix in the elder generation that proposes among " ring-opening polymerization resol and fibre reinforced composites " (Chinese patent ZL 94111852.5) in the presence of solvent, add the solution synthetic method that phenolic compound carries out prepared in reaction benzoxazine intermediate again.The solvent that is adopted comprises ethanol, methyl alcohol, Virahol, butanols, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane or toluene etc., is solvent well known to those skilled in the art.
" no-solvent process of preparation benzoxazine " (U.S. Pat 5543516) proposed the method for solvent-free synthetic benzoxazine intermediate, and soon phenols, amine, formaldehyde directly mix, and temperature reaction prepares the flux synthesis procedure of benzoxazine intermediate then.
Above-mentioned about adjacent diallyl bisphenol base benzoxazine, the prior aries such as benzoxazine intermediate that contain the acetylene end group, contain formonitrile HCN functional group and contain end propine group show that the benzoxazine that preparation contains polymerizable functional group can improve the cross-linking density of cured article, thereby improve the thermal characteristics of Polybenzoxazine resin; Synthetic Polybenzoxazine/clay nanocomposites makes inorganic materials be dispersed in the thermal characteristics that also can improve the Polybenzoxazine resin in the resin matrix with nanoscale; But ethynyl aniline between these available technology adopting, to formonitrile HCN aniline, to expensive raw material price such as the third alkynyloxy group aniline is difficult to obtain, and its application is very limited.
Summary of the invention
It is cheap relatively to the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of cost, and cured article has a kind of new texture benzoxazine intermediate of high heat resistance energy and preparation method thereof, adopting allyl amine is the amine source, contain the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-with the preparation of phenols, aldehydes, and use such benzoxazine intermediate and other thermosetting resins and/or filler by the composition that mixes or in-situ polymerization prepares.This is that a class not only has good curability and processing characteristics, and their cured article has outstanding high temperature resistance, and kept the novel hot setting resin of the excellent mechanical property of benzoxazine resinoid inherent, flame retardant properties, dimensional stability and dielectric properties, can be used as composite matrix resin, material prepreg, insulating material, electronic package material, sealing material, interpenetrating(polymer)networks material, tackiness agent, coating etc.
The invention provides and contain the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-, the benzoxazine intermediate comprises following structural unit.
Contain the allylic benzoxazine intermediates preparation of N-, phenol, amine and aldehyde are prepared the benzoxazine intermediate with solution synthetic method, amine adopts allyl amine, and the mol ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, amido, aldehyde radical functional group is 1: (1～1.2): (2～2.4).
Contain the allylic benzoxazine intermediates preparation of N-, phenol, amine and aldehyde are prepared the benzoxazine intermediate with flux synthesis procedure, amine adopts allyl amine, add Paraformaldehyde 96 again after in advance the compound of phenolic hydroxy group and allyl amine being mixed under 0～5 ℃, the mol ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, amido, aldehyde radical functional group is 1: (1～1.2): (2～2.4).
Contain in the middle of the allylic benzoxazine of N-with other thermosetting resins or/and the composition that filler mixes or in-situ polymerization obtains.
Contain in the middle of the allylic benzoxazine of N-to mix with other thermosetting resins and obtain composition, other thermosetting resins comprise: the N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate of N-alkyl benzoxazine intermediate, N-benzene base benzoxazine intermediate, N-alicyclic radical benzoxazine intermediate, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester resin, Vinylite, bimaleimide resin, resol, urethane resin, cyanate ester resin, Thermocurable polyimide, different structure; The part by weight that contains the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and other thermosetting resins is 1～100: 100～1.
Contain the composition that the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-mixes with filler or in-situ polymerization obtains, filler comprises following two classes: (1) mineral filler: organo-clay, nano titanium oxide, nano silicon, nano-calcium carbonate; Mica powder, asbestos, titanium dioxide, silicon-dioxide, lime carbonate, glass fibre are or/and carbon fiber; (2) organic filler: polymer fiber, crosslinked powdered rubber rubber powder, wood powder; The part by weight that contains allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and filler is 100 parts: 0.5～50 part.
Contain the composition that allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and filler in-situ polymerization obtain, for example: filler is an organo montmorillonite, and composition is the allylic benzoxazine/clay composite material of N-, and organo montmorillonite content is 0.5～4 (wt%) in the composition.
The present invention proposes contains the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-, can obtain a series of N-of containing allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate according to raw material allyl group primary amine and different types of phenols, formaldehyde or Paraformaldehyde 96 employing solution synthetic method or flux synthesis procedure.For example contain the unitary benzoxazine intermediate of following 4 class formations:
1)
Wherein: R1～R4 is H, contain the alkyl of 1～20 carbon atom, aryl, alicyclic radical or other organic groups [as unsaturated group (vinyl, allyl group), trialkyl silyl, itrile group, hydroxyl, carboxyl etc.], halogen atom (as chlorine, fluorine, bromine etc.); And R1～R4 can be identical, also can be different.
2)
N=2,3 or 4 wherein; X is alkylidene group (as methylene radical, ethylidene, 2,2-propylidene, 2,2-6 fluoro-propylidene), arylidene, inferior alicyclic radical, ether, thioether group, carbonyl, sulfuryl, also can not have X (being xenyl benzoxazine intermediate); R1～R3 is H, contain the alkyl of 1～20 carbon atom, aryl, alicyclic radical, unsaturated group (vinyl, allyl group), trialkyl silyl, itrile group, hydroxyl, carboxyl, halogen band alkyl or halogen atom (as chlorine, fluorine, bromine) etc.; And R1～R3 can be identical, also can be different.
3)
The polymkeric substance, the multipolymer that contain this structural unit; Wherein R1～R3 is H, alkyl (as methyl etc.), aryl, alicyclic radical etc.;
4)
The polymkeric substance, the multipolymer that contain this structural unit; Wherein R1, R2 are organic groups such as alkylidene group (as methylene radical), arylidene, inferior alicyclic radical, ether, thioether group, carbonyl, sulfuryl.
The present invention proposes, and to contain amine that the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-adopted be that compound, the aldehydes of allyl amine and phenolic hydroxy group reacts; Introduce a polymerizable groups when forming the benzoxazine ring on the N atom synchronously, when the benzoxazine open loop formed cross-linked network, the N-allyl group can also carry out polymerization, further improves cross-linking density like this, thereby improved the resistance toheat of gained material.
Formalin that aldehydes of the present invention is well known to those skilled in the art or Paraformaldehyde 96.
The compound of the phenolic hydroxy group that phenols of the present invention is well known to those skilled in the art comprises single phenolic compound, bisphenol cpd, trisphenol compound, multifunctional phenol, resol, para hydroxybenzene ethene and polymkeric substance or multipolymer.Single phenolic compound comprises phenol, p-cresol, meta-cresol, ortho-cresol, para-chlorophenol, m-Chlorophenol, p-NP, 4-hydroxybenzonitrile, p-aminophenol, 3,5-xylenol, 3,4-xylenol, to nonyl phenol, 1-naphthols, beta naphthal etc.; Bisphenol cpd comprises Resorcinol, Resorcinol, two (hydroxyphenyl) methane, dihydroxyphenyl propane, Bisphenol F, bisphenol S, bis-phenol ketone, '-biphenyl diphenol, dihydroxy diphenyl ether, dihydroxyl naphthols (as 1,5-naphthalenediol etc.) etc.; The trisphenol compound comprises 1,3,5 trihydroxy-phenol, three (p-hydroxybenzene) methane etc.; Resol comprises lower molecular weight linear phenolic resin, the high contraposition linear phenolic resin of lower molecular weight, phenol-novolac resin, phenol aldehyde modified xylene resin, alkyl phenol resin etc.; Para hydroxybenzene ethene polymers or multipolymer comprise poly(4-hydroxystyrene), poly-(para hydroxybenzene ethene-co-vinylbenzene) etc.; Also comprise the phenols that contains polymerizable groups, for example: 2-chavicol, 4-chavicol, para hydroxybenzene ethene, adjacent diallyl bisphenol, adjacent diallyl Bisphenol F, adjacent diallyl bisphenol S etc.
The present invention proposes contains the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-, and its preparation method has following two kinds of methods:
(1) solution synthetic method: with phenol, allyl amine, aldehyde (formalin or Paraformaldehyde 96) in molar ratio 1: (1～1.2): (2～2.4) (annotate: mol ratio is the mol ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, amido, aldehyde radical functional group) quantitatively, earlier with the compound dissolution of allyl amine and phenolic hydroxy group in solvent, after mixing, gradation adds aldehyde again, and temperature rising reflux finishes reaction after 3～10 hours; Through behind the alkali lye, deionized water wash, after the gained solution concentration, remove remaining solvent and obtain containing the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-.
The solvent that the present invention adopts in solution synthetic method comprises that ethanol, methyl alcohol, Virahol, butanols, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane or toluene etc. are solvent well known to those skilled in the art.
(2) fusion is synthetic: with phenol, allyl amine, aldehyde (Paraformaldehyde 96 or formalin) in molar ratio 1: (1～1.2): (2～2.4) (annotate: mol ratio is the mol ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, amido, aldehyde radical functional group) quantitatively, (0 ℃～5 ℃) are pre-mixed the compound and the allyl amine of phenolic hydroxy group at low temperatures, add aldehyde after getting a uniform mixture, temperature rising reflux finishes reaction after 3～10 hours; Behind alkali lye, deionized water wash, the products therefrom drying is obtained containing the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-.
It is a kind of low-boiling compound (boiling point is 53 ℃) that the present invention utilizes allyl amine, these characteristics that the reactivity ratio is higher, become on nitrogen-atoms, to introduce polymerisable allyl group in the ring process at the benzoxazine intermediate, thereby preparation contains the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-.
The composition that the present invention proposes is to adopt to contain the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and other thermosetting resins and/or filler by the composition that mixes or in-situ polymerization obtains.
The present invention constitutes composition with containing the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and other thermosetting resins, its method is that employing contains the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and other thermosetting resins pass through mechanically mixing, solution mixing or melting mixing etc. well known to a person skilled in the art blending means and obtain composition, wherein other thermosetting resins comprise N-alkyl benzoxazine intermediate, N-Ben base benzoxazine intermediate, N-alicyclic radical benzoxazine intermediate, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester resin, Vinylite, bimaleimide resin, resol, urethane resin, cyanate ester resin or Thermocurable polyimide etc. all are thermosetting resin well known to those skilled in the art and composition thereof, also comprise the resin that intermingling obtains between the N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate of different structure; The ratio that contains the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and other thermosetting resins is 1～100: 100～1 (weight ratios).The allylic benzoxazine intermediate of the N-of containing provided by the invention cured article has very high Tg, be mixed with composition with other thermosetting resins, for the composition that adopts common benzoxazine intermediate preparation, have high glass transition, can improve the resistance toheat of the cured article of resulting composition.
The present invention is with containing the composition that the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and mineral filler constitute, the mineral filler that the present invention adopts with or organic filler be filler well known to those skilled in the art, they can be used alone, but also also mix together; Containing the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-is 100 parts, and filler is 0.5～50 part.Those skilled in the art can determine according to filling kind, purposes.
The present invention is filler with the organo montmorillonite, has prepared the allylic benzoxazine/clay composite material of N-by in-situ polymerization, and wherein organo montmorillonite content is 0.5～4 (wt%) in the composition; The cured article of gained matrix material is compared with the allylic benzoxazine cured article of pure N-has higher modulus and close Tg; Compare with the inventor's disclosed Polybenzoxazine/clay nanocomposites cured article in " Polybenzoxazine/clay nanocomposites and preparation method thereof " (Chinese patent ZL 99122268.7), because allylic additive-crosslinking makes the cured article of matrix material of the present invention have higher resistance toheat.
The allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-that contains provided by the invention, compare with the common N-alkyl or the benzoxazine intermediate of N-phenyl, owing to the N-allyl group provides additional cross-linking set the glass transition of its cured article is significantly improved, and cost adopt well below prior art between ethynyl aniline, to formonitrile HCN aniline, to the benzoxazine intermediate of feedstock production such as the third alkynyloxy group aniline; Not only have both the advantage (promptly do not have small molecules to discharge, the goods porosity is low, and volume is approaching before and after solidifying " 0 " shrink) of common benzoxazine colophony in benzoxazine intermediate forming and hardening process, but also have more excellent thermotolerance and flame retardant resistance.By embodiments of the invention and Comparative Examples as can be seen, adopt exceed 100 ℃ of the second-order transition temperature of the cured article that contains N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate that allyl amine of the present invention makes than corresponding employing aniline, have in addition can exceed more than 200 ℃.Glass transition temperature Tg adopts the dynamic viscoelasticity spectrum instrument to measure (DMA), also can obtain by its dissipation factor curve, also can be obtained by the out-of-phase modulus curve; Also can adopt differential scanning thermal analyzer (DSC) to measure; And also obviously raising of its heat decomposition temperature (adopting hot weightless instrument (TG) to measure), indicate that its flame retardant properties makes moderate progress; Compare with existing resol, common benzoxazine colophony, the present invention has higher Tg, can be used as the engineering thermosetting resin and uses, and will further expand the range of application of Polybenzoxazine resin.
N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate and the composition thereof of containing provided by the invention, according to the difference of its structure and/or proportioning, its state is a liquid or solid; Contain N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate and composition thereof and easily be dissolved in solvent, for example: acetone, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methylene dichloride, toluene, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, DMF, DMSO etc.; Therefore the present invention proposes contains N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate and composition thereof applicable to the complete processing of various thermosetting resins well known to those skilled in the art and the moulding process of matrix material.For example: coating process, impregnation technology, pultrude process also can adopt rotational molding moulding process (RTM) etc.; The strongthener that the preparation matrix material uses comprises various fibers well known to those skilled in the art such as glass fibre, carbon fiber, and carbon nanotube, nanometer inorganic filler nanometer reinforcing fillers such as (as nano titanium oxide, organo-clay etc.); The thermotolerance of resulting product or matrix material, flame retardant resistance be improved significantly.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 adopts melting method preparation 3, and 4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1,3-benzoxazine are phenol type N-allyl group benzo oxazine (structural formula is as follows, is called for short AP)
Under the room temperature with allyl amine (30ml, 0.4mol), (37.64g 0.4mol) joins in the there-necked flask phenol, and (0 ℃) system of being stirred to is transparent homogeneous mixture at low temperatures; Add (24.04g, 0.8mol) Paraformaldehyde 96, continuation stirring 15min in batches; Progressively be warmed up to and continue to stir 10min under the room temperature.Temperature rising reflux reacts stopped reaction after 2 hours subsequently.Cooling obtains weak yellow liquid; Be dissolved in the 300ml anhydrous diethyl ether, through 1mol.L
-1Behind sodium hydroxide, the deionized water wash, remove ether again; Vacuum-drying subsequently 24 hours, obtaining red liquid is phenol type N-allyl group benzo oxazine (AP), productive rate is 99%; Measure through H-NMR, it becomes the ring rate is 100%.
Subsequently it is cured, solidifies the segmentation temperature and time: 110 ℃ following 2 hours, 180 ℃ following 2 hours, 200 ℃ following 2 hours, 220 ℃ following 2 hours 240 ℃ following 2 hours, promptly obtain cured article; Through hot assay determination, its second-order transition temperature (Tg) reaches 284 ℃ (measuring with the DMA method).
Embodiment 2 adopts melting method preparation 2, and two (3,4 one dihydros-3-allyl group-1, the 3-benzoxazine) propane of 2-are bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine (structural formula is as follows, is called for short ABPA)
Under the room temperature will (15ml, 0.2mol) allyl amine add dihydroxyphenyl propane (22.83g, 0.1mol) in, (2 ℃) system of being stirred to is transparent homogeneous mixture at low temperatures; Add (12.00g, 0.4mol) Paraformaldehyde 96 continue to stir 10min (molar ratio computing according to phenolic hydroxyl group, amido, aldehyde radical functional group is 1: 1: 2). in batchesTemperature rising reflux reacts stopped reaction after 2.5 hours gradually.Cooling obtains Off-white solid; The gained solid is dissolved in the 300ml anhydrous diethyl ether, obtains pale yellow solution.Through 1mol.L
-Remove ether behind sodium hydroxide, the deionized water wash again, vacuum-drying 24 hours, obtaining pale yellow crystals is 2, two (3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1, the 3-benzoxazine) propane of 2-, productive rate is 99.5%; Measure through H-NMR, it becomes the ring rate is 100%.
Subsequently it is cured, solidifies the segmentation temperature and time: 110 ℃ following 2 hours, 180 ℃ following 2 hours, 200 ℃ following 2 hours, 220 ℃ following 2 hours 240 ℃ following 2 hours, promptly obtain cured article; Through hot assay determination, its second-order transition temperature (Tg) reaches 317 ℃ (measuring with the DMA method), 353 ℃ of thermal weight losses 5%.
Embodiment 3 adopts flux synthesis procedure preparation 2, and two (3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1, the 3-benzoxazine) propane of 2-are bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine (structural formula is called for short ABPA as follows)
Method is identical with embodiment 2, the mol ratio of different is bis-phenol, allyl amine A, Paraformaldehyde 96 is 1: 2.2: 4.4 (molar ratio computing according to phenolic hydroxyl group, amido, aldehyde radical is 1: 1.1: 2.2), make 2, two (3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1, the 3-benzoxazine) propane of 2-are that pale yellow crystals is 2,2-two (3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1, the 3-benzoxazine) propane, productive rate is 99%; Measure through H-NMR, it becomes the ring rate is 100%.
Embodiment 4 adopts flux synthesis procedure preparation 2, and two (3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1, the 3-benzoxazine) propane of 2-are bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine (structural formula is called for short ABPA as follows)
Method is identical with embodiment 2, the mol ratio of different is dihydroxyphenyl propane, allyl amine, Paraformaldehyde 96 is 1: 2.4: 4.8 (molar ratio computing according to phenolic hydroxyl group, amido, aldehyde radical is 1: 1.2: 2.4), make 2, two (3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1, the 3-benzoxazine) propane of 2-are that pale yellow crystals is 2,2-two (3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1, the 3-benzoxazine) propane, productive rate is 98%; Measure through H-NMR, it becomes the ring rate is 98%.
Embodiment 5 adopts solution methods preparation 8, and 8-two (3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1,3-benzoxazine) is '-biphenyl diphenol type N-allyl group benzo oxazine (structural formula is as follows, is called for short ABP)
(7.5ml, 0.1mol) (9.45g, in ethanolic soln 0.05mol) (80ml), the system of being stirred to is transparent homogeneous mixture to allyl amine adding '-biphenyl diphenol to general under the room temperature.(5 ℃) add (6.01g, 0.2mol) Paraformaldehyde 96, continuation stirring 10min in batches at low temperatures.Temperature rising reflux reacts stopped reaction after 5 hours gradually.Underpressure distillation removes to desolvate and obtains white crystal; Handle according to the post-treating method of embodiment 2 subsequently, finally obtaining white crystal is '-biphenyl diphenol type N-allyl group benzo oxazine, and productive rate is 88%; Measure through H-NMR, it becomes the ring rate is 100%.
Subsequently it is cured, solidifies the segmentation temperature and time: 110 ℃ following 2 hours, 180 ℃ following 2 hours, 200 ℃ following 2 hours, 220 ℃ following 2 hours 240 ℃ following 2 hours, promptly obtain cured article; Through hot assay determination, its second-order transition temperature (Tg) reaches 306 ℃ (measuring with the DMA method), 358 ℃ of thermal weight losses 5%.
Embodiment 6 adopts melting method to prepare 2-Naphthol type N-allyl group Nai Bing oxazine intermediate
Method is identical with embodiment 1, and different is to replace phenol with 2-Naphthol; The 2-Naphthol type N-allyl group Nai Bing oxazine intermediate that obtains is that white crystal is a 2-Naphthol type N-allyl group Nai Bing oxazine intermediate, and productive rate is 98%; Measure through H-NMR, it becomes the ring rate is 100%.
Embodiment 7 adopts solution methods to prepare 2-Naphthol type N-allyl group Nai Bing oxazine intermediate
Method is identical with embodiment 5, and different is to replace xenol with 2-Naphthol; The 2-Naphthol type N-allyl group Nai Bing oxazine intermediate that obtains is that white crystal is a 2-Naphthol type N-allyl group Nai Bing oxazine intermediate, and productive rate is 95%; Measure through H-NMR, it becomes the ring rate is 100%.
Embodiment 8 adopts solution methods to prepare β-chavicol type N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate
Method is identical with embodiment 5, and different is to replace xenol with β-chavicol, replaces ethanol with toluene; The β that obtains-chavicol type N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate is that red liquid is β-chavicol type N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate, and productive rate is 99%; Measure through H-NMR, it becomes the ring rate is 93%.
Embodiment 9 preparation bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine/clay composite materials (system soil content 0.5wt%)
With 0.195g organo montmorillonite (system soil content 0.5wt%), swell in fully that (15ml is 0.2mol) in the allyl amine; After the system for the treatment of was mixed into uniform suspension liquid, (22.83g 0.1mol), at room temperature made it to dissolve fully to add dihydroxyphenyl propane; System is placed the frozen water territory to cool off 5min, (12.00g 0.4mol), and makes it to keep 10min then progressively to add Paraformaldehyde 96 again; Be warming up to 90 ℃ gradually, react stopped reaction after 2 hours, cooling obtains Off-white solid.Vacuum-drying (70 ℃) 48 hours, with excess monomer in the system of removing and water that reaction was produced, obtaining light yellow solid at last is bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine/clay composite material.
Subsequently it is cured, solidifies the segmentation temperature and time: 110 ℃ following 2 hours, 180 ℃ following 2 hours, 200 ℃ following 2 hours, 220 ℃ following 2 hours 240 ℃ following 2 hours, promptly obtain cured article; The results are shown in Table 2 through hot assay determination; Dynamic viscoelasticity test finds that also matrix material argillaceous has higher modulus Bi Chun oxazine resin.
Embodiment 10 preparation bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine/clay nanocomposites (system soil content 1wt%)
Identical with embodiment 9, just the organo montmorillonite consumption is 0.39g (system soil content 1wt%), and other and embodiment 9 are identical; Test result sees Table 2.
Embodiment 11 preparation bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine/clay nanocomposites (system soil content 2wt%)
Identical with embodiment 9, different is, and the organo montmorillonite consumption is 0.78g (system soil content 2wt%), and other and embodiment 9 are identical; Test result sees Table 2.
Embodiment 12 preparation bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine/clay nanocomposites (system soil content 3wt%)
Identical with embodiment 9, different is, and the organo montmorillonite consumption is 1.17g (system soil content 3wt%), and other and embodiment 9 are identical; Test result sees Table 2.
Embodiment 13 preparation bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine/clay nanocomposites (system soil content 4wt%)
Identical with embodiment 9, different is, and the organo montmorillonite consumption is 1.56g (system soil content 4wt%), and other and embodiment 9 are identical; Test result sees Table 2.
Embodiment 14 preparation bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine/lacquer resins compositions
Adopt the bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine and the lacquer resins of embodiment 2 preparations to obtain bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine/lacquer resins composition according to 50/50 (weight ratio) by mechanically mixing, the Tg of the cured article that said composition obtains after heating up and solidifying reaches 230 ℃ (DCS mensuration); Compare with Comparative Examples 3, composition Tg improves.
Comparative Examples 1 3-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H 1,3 benzoxazine (N-Ben base benzoxazine is called for short BP)
3-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H 1,3 benzoxazine (N-Ben base benzoxazine) adopts the fusion synthetic method of embodiment 1 synthetic, and different is that aniline is replaced allyl amine, and the second-order transition temperature of gained cured article is 108 ℃.
Comparative Examples 2 bisphenol A-type N-Ben base benzoxazine (structural formula is called for short BBPA as follows)
Bisphenol A-type N-Ben base benzoxazine adopts the fusion synthetic method of embodiment 2 synthetic, and different is that aniline is replaced allyl amine, and the second-order transition temperature of its cured article (Tg) is 130 ℃, and 308 ℃ of thermal weight losses are 5%.Compare with embodiment 2, its thermal characteristics is obviously on the low side.
Comparative Examples 3 preparation bisphenol A-type N-Ben base benzoxazine/lacquer resins compositions
Adopt the bisphenol A-type N-Ben base benzoxazine and the lacquer resins of Comparative Examples 2 preparations to obtain bisphenol A-type N-Ben base benzoxazine/lacquer resins composition according to 50/50 (weight ratio) by mechanically mixing, the Tg of the cured article that said composition obtains after heating up and solidifying is 120 ℃ (DCS mensuration); Compare with embodiment 14, composition Tg is lower.
As shown in table 1 by embodiment 1～3 with the contrast of Comparative Examples 1～2, adopt the N-allyl group benzo oxazine cured article of the present invention's preparation to have very excellent thermal characteristics, its second-order transition temperature is more high than similar N-benzene base benzoxazine; By table 2 as seen, the nano composite material that adds the clay preparation also has very high resistance toheat, and has higher modulus; This type of N-allyl group benzo oxazine still possesses the excellent specific property of common benzoxazine, in the numerous areas extensive application prospect of thermosetting resin.
The thermal characteristics of table 1 N-allyl group and N-phenyl type benzoxazine relatively
| For example | Benzoxazine intermediate title | The glass transition temperature Tg of cured article (℃) | 5% weightless temperature (℃) |
| Embodiment 1 | 3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1,3-Ben Bing Evil piperazine | 284 | - |
| Comparative Examples 1 | 3,4-dihydro-3-phenyl-1,3-benzoxazine | 108 | - |
| Embodiment 2 | 2, two (3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1, the 3-benzoxazines) propane of 2- | 313 | 353 |
| Comparative Examples 2 | 2, two (3,4-dihydro-3-phenyl-1, the 3-benzoxazine) propane of 2- | 130 | 308 |
| Embodiment 5 | 8,8-two (3,4-dihydro-3-allyl group-1,3-benzoxazines) | 306 | 358 |
| Documents * | 8,8-two (3,4-dihydro-3-phenyl-1,3-benzoxazines) | 200 | 260(10％) |
*“Dynamic mechanical and thermal characterization of high-performancepolybenzoxazines”(J.Polym.Sci.Part B Polym.Phys.，1999，37：3257～3268)。
The comparison of table 2 bisphenol A-type N-allyl group benzo oxazine and clay composite material thereof
Claims (7)
1, contain the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-, comprise the general formula I structural unit, it is characterized in that: benzoxazine intermediate has following 1), 2), 3) or 4) structural unit:
General formula I:
1)
Wherein: R1～R4 is H, contain the alkyl of 1～20 carbon atom, aryl, vinyl, allyl group, trialkyl silyl, itrile group, hydroxyl, carboxyl or halogen atom; When R4 was H, Cl, methyl or allyl group, R1, R2 and R3 were not H simultaneously;
2)
N=2,3 or 4 wherein; X is alkylidene group, arylidene, ether, thioether group, carbonyl or sulfuryl; R1～R3 is H, contain the alkyl of 1～20 carbon atom, vinyl, allyl group, trialkyl silyl, itrile group, hydroxyl, carboxyl, haloalkyl or halogen atom;
3)
The polymkeric substance or the multipolymer that contain this structural unit; Wherein R1～R3 is H, alkyl or aryl;
4)
The polymkeric substance or the multipolymer that contain this structural unit; Wherein R1, R2 are alkylidene group, arylidene, ether, thioether group, carbonyl or sulfuryl.
2, according to the described allylic benzoxazine intermediates preparation of N-that contains of claim 1, phenol, amine and aldehyde are prepared the benzoxazine intermediate with solution synthetic method, it is characterized in that: amine adopts allyl amine, and the mol ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, amido, aldehyde radical functional group is 1: (1～1.2): (2～2.4).
3, according to the described allylic benzoxazine intermediates preparation of N-that contains of claim 1, phenol, amine and aldehyde are prepared the benzoxazine intermediate with flux synthesis procedure, it is characterized in that: amine adopts allyl amine, add Paraformaldehyde 96 again after in advance the compound of phenolic hydroxy group and allyl amine being mixed under 0～5 ℃, the mol ratio of phenolic hydroxyl group, amido, aldehyde radical functional group is 1: (1～1.2): (2～2.4).
4, according to the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of the described N-of containing of claim 1 with other thermosetting resins or/and the composition that filler mixes or in-situ polymerization obtains.
5, mix with other thermosetting resins according to the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of the described N-of containing of claim 4 and obtain composition, it is characterized in that: other thermosetting resins comprise: the N-allyl group benzo oxazine intermediate of N-alkyl benzoxazine intermediate, N-benzene base benzoxazine intermediate, N-alicyclic radical benzoxazine intermediate, Resins, epoxy, unsaturated polyester resin, Vinylite, bimaleimide resin, resol, urethane resin, cyanate ester resin, Thermocurable polyimide, different structure; The part by weight that contains the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and other thermosetting resins is 1～100: 100～1.
6, according to the allylic benzoxazine intermediate of the described N-of containing of claim 4 mixes with filler or in-situ polymerization obtains composition, it is characterized in that: filler comprises following two classes: (1) mineral filler: organo-clay, nano titanium oxide, nano silicon, nano-calcium carbonate; Mica powder, asbestos, titanium dioxide, silicon-dioxide, lime carbonate, glass fibre are or/and carbon fiber; (2) organic filler: polymer fiber, crosslinked powdered rubber rubber powder, wood powder; The part by weight that contains allylic benzoxazine intermediate of N-and filler is 100 parts: 0.5～50 part.
7, the composition that obtains according to allylic benzoxazine intermediate of the described N-of containing of claim 6 and filler in-situ polymerization, it is characterized in that: filler is that organic illiteracy is taken off, composition is the allylic benzoxazine/clay composite material of N-, and organo montmorillonite content is 0.5～4 weight % in the composition.
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Assignee: Jiangsu Dongbang Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Beijing University of Chemical Technology Contract fulfillment period: 2007.4.20 to 2017.4.20 Contract record no.: 2009320000918 Denomination of invention: Benzoxazine intermediate containing N-allyl and composition and preparation thereof Granted publication date: 20061115 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 20090514 |
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