CN1284005C - Intelligent full solidified laser measuring instrument - Google Patents
Intelligent full solidified laser measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN1284005C CN1284005C CN 200410040730 CN200410040730A CN1284005C CN 1284005 C CN1284005 C CN 1284005C CN 200410040730 CN200410040730 CN 200410040730 CN 200410040730 A CN200410040730 A CN 200410040730A CN 1284005 C CN1284005 C CN 1284005C
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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Abstract
一种智能型全固化激光测量仪，由激光发射装置、激光接收装置、智能化测量装置组成，激光发射装置为一种全固化激光发射器，由半导体激光器(1)、半导体激光电源(2)、YAG固体激光器(3)、半导体冷暖器(4)、半导体恒温盒(5)、激光发射光学系统(6)组成，半导体恒温盒(5)，一端与半导体激光电源(2)连接，另一端与激光发射光学系统(6)相连，半导体激光器(1)、YAG固体激光器(3)、半导体冷暖器置于半导体恒温盒(5)内；激光接收装置为一个激光接收光学系统(7)；智能化测量装置由光电传感器(8)、信号处理装置(9)，单片机系统(10)，测量电路(11)、有源晶振装置(12)、卫星定位装置(13)、数显装置(14)依次相互相连构成。本激光测量仪具有体积小，重量轻，携带方便，测量和定位精度高，工作稳定可靠，使用寿命长等特点，能对一定区域的目标进行距离、方位等参数的测量，同时对目标进行定位，并能分析、计算、存储、显示测量结果。
An intelligent full-solid laser measuring instrument is composed of a laser emitting device, a laser receiving device, and an intelligent measuring device. The laser emitting device is a full-solid laser emitter, which consists of a semiconductor laser (1), a semiconductor laser power supply (2) , YAG solid-state laser (3), semiconductor cooler (4), semiconductor constant temperature box (5), laser emitting optical system (6), semiconductor constant temperature box (5), one end is connected with semiconductor laser power supply (2), and the other end Connected with the laser emitting optical system (6), the semiconductor laser (1), YAG solid-state laser (3), and semiconductor cooler and heater are placed in the semiconductor constant temperature box (5); the laser receiving device is a laser receiving optical system (7); the intelligent The chemical measuring device consists of a photoelectric sensor (8), a signal processing device (9), a single-chip microcomputer system (10), a measuring circuit (11), an active crystal oscillator device (12), a satellite positioning device (13), and a digital display device (14) successively connected to each other. The laser measuring instrument has the characteristics of small size, light weight, easy to carry, high measurement and positioning accuracy, stable and reliable work, and long service life. , and can analyze, calculate, store, and display measurement results.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of intelligent, total solidifying laser surveying instrument, relate in particular under a kind of condition in the open air to target aim at, the instrument of parameter measurement such as target range and orientation.
Technical background
At present, existing range finder using laser mainly contains two types, and a kind of is " gas-solid " range finder using laser, and its Laser emission mechanism is: xenon lamp (gas) pump spectrum YAG (solid) emission laser.Because xenon lamp belongs to the gas device, a kilovolt high voltage could be worked on the needs, and therefore, the Laser Power Devices of this laser instrument are quite complicated, and power-efficient is low, volume big and heaviness; It is very short that another fatal weakness of gas device is exactly the life-span; Moreover be exactly that the efficient of xenon lamp (gas) pump spectrum YAG (solid) emission laser is very low.But the output laser energy of " gas-solid " laser instrument is higher, and operating distance arrives in tens of kilometer range at several kilometers, and the tens thousand of approximately units of cost are generally military.Another kind is " single solid " formula range finder using laser (claiming semiconductor laser range finder again), and its Laser emission mechanism is exactly a kind of light emitting diode that can launch laser.Because the driving voltage of semiconductor diode is generally below 1 volt, so its Laser Power Devices are much simple relatively, and volume is little, and is in light weight.But conventional semiconductor laser instrument output laser energy is lower, and operating distance is little, generally in several kilometers; In addition, also have a restriction semiconductor laser range of application reason---semiconductor laser temperature characteristic is poor.Because military products generally require steady operation in ± 40 ℃ temperature range, and the semiconductor laser requirement at normal temperatures could steady operation.Therefore, semiconductor laser is generally civilian, the thousands of approximately units of cost.
Above-mentioned two types range finder using laser is mainly used in the target range finding, its function singleness, operation inconvenience.And, because the operating distance of semiconductor laser range finder is too little, generally can only be civilian; The operating distance of " gas-solid " range finder using laser is far away, and is generally military, but since too heavy, far can not satisfy the needs of rapid response force.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, providing a kind of can carry out distance, the isoparametric measurement in orientation to the target in certain zone, and the while can provide geo-location parameter and measured target be positioned, analyzes, calculates, stores, shows the laser measuring apparatus of measurement result.
Intelligent total solidifying laser measuring instrument involved in the present invention is made up of laser beam emitting device, laser receiver, intelligent measuring device.Laser beam emitting device is a kind of total solidifying laser transmitter, form by semiconductor laser 1, semiconductor laser power supply 2, YAG solid state laser 3, semiconductor temperature changer 4, semiconductor thermostatic and temperature box 5, laser emission optical system 6, semiconductor thermostatic and temperature box 5 one ends are connected with semiconductor laser power supply 2, the other end links to each other with laser emission optical system 6, and semiconductor laser 1, YAG solid state laser 3, semiconductor temperature changer 4 place in the semiconductor thermostatic and temperature box 5; Laser receiver is a laser pick-off optical system 7; The intelligent measuring device is linked to each other mutually successively by photoelectric sensor 8, signal processing apparatus 9, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 10, metering circuit 11, active crystal oscillator device 12, satellite positioning device 13, digital display device 14 and constitutes.
The present invention is based on " Gu Gu-" the laser instrument model, use the intelligent test technology, developed a kind of energy measurement distance, the isoparametric surveying instrument in orientation, be referred to as: intelligent total solidifying laser measuring instrument.This total solidifying laser device, adopting semiconductor laser is laser diode (solid) and YAG crystal laser (solid) formation " Gu Gu-" laser instrument, this total solidifying laser device is by semiconductor laser diode (solid) LD pumped YAG (solid) emission laser.
The Laser emission mechanism of total solidifying laser device is: semiconductor laser diode (solid) LD pumped YAG (solid) emission laser.Promptly use semiconductor laser diode (solid) to replace xenon lamp (gas), thorough like this all shortcomings brought because of xenon lamp (gas) of having broken away from, and given full play to all advantages of semiconductor laser diode (solid), the efficient of efficiency ratio xenon lamp (gas) LD pumped YAG (solid) the emission laser of what is more important semiconductor laser diode (solid) LD pumped YAG (solid) emission laser exceeds doubly a lot.Here keeping YAG (solid), is because the output laser energy of YAG (solid) is higher.
In order to solve the problem of semiconductor laser temperature characteristic difference, the present invention is just adopting/the negative temperature compensating circuit, thereby has improved semiconductor laser temperature characteristic; In order to guarantee when environment temperature changes in ± 40 ℃ temperature range, semiconductor laser is in the temperature range of linear work all the time, adopted the noise spectra of semiconductor lasers constant temperature method, promptly adopt conductor refrigeration and insulation material to make the constant temperature box, " total solidifying laser device " placed " constant temperature box ".
The active crystal oscillator technology of high precision high stability degree: in order to improve measuring accuracy, need the higher signal source of clock of frequency, adopted the active crystal oscillator technology of high precision high stability degree here.
Intelligent test technology: in order to realize intelligent measuring, make it have functions such as analysis, calculating, storage, demonstration measurement result, adopted singlechip technology.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the theory of constitution block diagram of intelligent total solidifying laser measuring instrument.
Fig. 2 is the principle of work block diagram of laser ranging.
Fig. 3 is the working timing figure of measurement time t.
Fig. 4 is the theory of constitution block diagram of total solidifying laser device.
Fig. 5 is the theory of constitution block diagram of laser pickoff.
Fig. 6 is an intelligent measuring device theory of constitution block diagram.
Wherein: 1 is semiconductor laser, and 2 is semiconductor laser power supply, and 3 is the YAG solid state laser, 4 is the semiconductor temperature changer, and 5 is the semiconductor thermostatic and temperature box, and 6 is laser emission optical system, 7 are laser receiver (being the laser pick-off optical system), 8 be the intelligent measuring device by photoelectric sensor, 9 is signal processing apparatus, 10 is Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, 11 is metering circuit, 12 is active crystal oscillator device, and 13 is satellite positioning device, and 14 is digital display device.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described as follows below in conjunction with accompanying drawing;
Intelligence total solidifying laser measuring instrument partly is made up of total solidifying laser transmitter, laser pickoff, intelligent measuring device and power-supply system etc., and its theory of constitution block diagram as shown in Figure 1.
The principle of work synoptic diagram of laser ranging as shown in Figure 2.Distance measurement beam is launched to target to be measured from range finder, and when distance measurement beam arrived target to be measured, again by target surface reflected back range finder, its range finding equation was
In the formula, S is the distance of range finder and measured target, c=3 * 10
8M/s is a laser beam, and t is that distance measurement beam returns the time that range finder experiences by this target reflection again from range finder arrival measured target.
From above-mentioned analysis as seen, the propagation rate of distance measurement beam is known, as long as the time that can measure outer round-trip beams exactly and experienced just can obtain distance value.The working timing figure of measurement time t as shown in Figure 3.
In Fig. 3, S
1Be distance measurement beam transponder pulse, S
2Be distance measurement beam reflection echo driving pulse, S
3Be range finding sprocket pulse, S
4For the time main pulse.With sprocket pulse to the time main pulse count, just can realize the measurement of time, and then draw distance value.It should be noted that: in the measuring system of reality, because the influence of factors such as the drift of the time delay of circuit, time reference, counting error can produce range error.
Reflective range finding requires measured target to have good reflection characteristic, and this helps the reception of echo.If the reflection characteristic of measured object is relatively poor, generally be at measured object surface mount reflecting target, to strengthen the range finding effect.
Mainly by parts such as semiconductor laser 1, semiconductor laser power supply 2, YAG solid state laser 3, semiconductor temperature changer 4, semiconductor thermostatic and temperature box 5, laser emission optical systems 6, its concrete structure theory diagram as shown in Figure 4 for the total solidifying laser device.
Among Fig. 4: semiconductor laser 1, can select the laser diode battle array for use according to the power of required pumping; Semiconductor laser power supply 2 has adopted high precision voltage stabilization and current stabilization technology, for semiconductor laser 1 provides high-quality power supply, to guarantee the stable of pumping laser; YAG solid state laser 3 adopts the high YAG laser crystal of luminescence efficiency, to improve light extraction efficiency; Semiconductor temperature changer 4 adopts high efficiency semiconductor cooler, to regulate the temperature in the constant temperature box 5; Semiconductor thermostatic and temperature box 5, its inwall adopts the good thermal insulation material of insulation effect, to guarantee the stable of environment temperature in the box, has good heat insulation effect; Laser emission optical system 6, the laser that YAG solid state laser 3 is sent carries out optical processing, makes laser beam be in best distance measuring states.
Among Fig. 4: semiconductor temperature changer 4 and the semiconductor thermostatic and temperature box 5 common constant temperature systems that constitute the total solidifying laser device, semiconductor laser 1, YAG solid state laser 3 place semiconductor thermostatic and temperature box 5, make the working temperature of total solidifying laser device not be subjected to the influence of ambient temperature, to guarantee the stable of total solidifying laser device work.The total solidifying laser device is mainly used to produce reliable and stable range finding laser.
Laser pickoff comprises laser pick-off optical system 7, and its structural principle block diagram as shown in Figure 5.Because very weak, and certain beam spreading effect is arranged from the laser energy that measured target reflects.Therefore, must optical processing such as assemble to the laser that measured target reflects, this processing procedure is mainly finished by laser pick-off optical system 7.Laser pickoff is mainly used to assemble the laser that reflects from measured target, for the detection of reflector laser is prepared.
The intelligent measuring device comprises photoelectric sensor 8, signal processing apparatus 9, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 10, and metering circuit 11, active crystal oscillator device 12, satellite positioning device 13, digital display device 14, its basic structural principle block diagram is as shown in Figure 6.
In Fig. 6, photoelectric sensor 8 adopts the very high photoelectricity avalanche diode of sensitivity; Signal processing apparatus 9 has signal and amplifies functions such as shaping; Active crystal oscillator device 12 provides the Measuring Time benchmark of standard for metering circuit 11; Satellite positioning device 13 is used to learn the geographic position at this laser measuring apparatus place, in view of the above, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 10 just can push away the geographic position of measured target; Digital display device 14 is used for measurement result is shown in real time; Total system co-ordination under the control of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 10.
The principle of work of intelligence total solidifying laser measuring instrument range finding: aim at target to be measured, click the Laser emission operating key of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 10, total solidifying laser device emission range finding laser, simultaneously, metering circuit picks up counting; Range finding laser arrives measured target and by measured target reflected back laser pickoff 7, through the intelligent measuring device time that range finding laser comes and goes is measured, at last through Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 10 processing that converts, and send digital display device to show the measurement result, then finish target distance measurement one time.
Intelligence total solidifying laser measuring instrument is to the principle of work of measured target location: after finishing target distance measurement, just obtain measured target with respect to geographic factors such as the distance of laser measuring apparatus, orientation, obtain the geographic factor of laser measuring apparatus again by satellite positioning device, just can obtain the geographic factor of measured target, thereby realize location measured target.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1 All solid state technology is main characteristics of the present invention, promoted miniaturization that laser technology is used and Microminiaturized development.
2 semiconductor constant temperature techniques are key technologies of the present invention, have overcome semiconductor laser temperature characteristic not Foot, thus the temperature accommodation of semiconductor laser widened.
3 intellectualized technologies also are one of main characteristics of the present invention, and whole system is by single-chip microcomputer unified management and control System, and have data processing and data analysis function, can store tens thousand of target components, intelligent degree height, Easy for operation.
4 Technology for Target Locations are another innovative points of the present invention, are recording the ground such as the distance of measured target, orientation In the time of the reason parameter, just can know the geographical position of measured target by inference.
The active crystal oscillator technology of 5 high precision high stability degree is the key that improves this laser measuring apparatus certainty of measurement, this Laser measuring apparatus has higher certainty of measurement than existing laser range finder.
This laser measuring apparatus can carry out distance, the isoparametric measurement in orientation to the target of certain area, simultaneously, and energy The geo-location parameter that provides measured target namely positions target, and can analyze, calculate, store, show Measurement result can be stored tens thousand of distance, orientation and the geo-location parameters of having surveyed target.
This laser measuring apparatus is widely used in the fields such as geographical mapping, bridge erection, tunnel excavation, building construction, The measurement of the various geometric parameters such as realization is adjusted the distance, angle, area, volume has wide market prospects.
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| CN 200410040730 CN1284005C (en) | 2004-09-15 | 2004-09-15 | Intelligent full solidified laser measuring instrument |
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| JP5616009B2 (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2014-10-29 | アズビル株式会社 | Reflective photoelectric sensor and object detection method |
| CN107491111B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-10-11 | 中国船舶工业系统工程研究院 | A kind of temprature control method based on TEC |
| CN114740451A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-07-12 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Environment building device for laser ranging |
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