CN1282863C - Data loggers for micro air vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a data recorder for a miniature aircraft, which comprises a signal interface, an A/D converter, a microprocessor, a memory and a power management circuit. The signal interface includes: multiple analog signalsInput interface, I²C digital interface and UART serial port. The memory is a FLASH memory and is connected with the microprocessor through a data bus. The power management circuit provides a required stabilized voltage power supply for the data recorder. The invention adopts a micro processor and a high-speed high-capacity FLASH memory with high integration level, high speed and low power consumption, and highly integrates components such as a signal interface, the processor, the FLASH memory, power management and the like on the same micro circuit board by using an integrated and integrated design means, so that the micro flight data recorder with analog signal input and digital signal input is manufactured and is suitable for being used by a micro aircraft. The invention has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, low power consumption, convenient and flexible use and the like.

Description

Data loggers for micro air vehicles

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of aircraft, and more particularly, the present invention relates to data loggers for micro air vehicles.

Background technique

The flight data recorder is a device on the aircraft used to record various flight data of the aircraft. Generally, data loggers are connected to various sensors on the aircraft in order to record the signals measured by the sensors. Flight data recorders have been used in large aircraft, such as the known "black boxes" mounted on aircraft.

Since the United States proposed the concept of "micro-aircraft" in 1992, micro-aircraft have attracted much attention because of their special purposes. Some countries have invested special funds to develop aircraft with a wingspan of less than one meter or even less than 150 mm, and have achieved considerable results. The tasks performed by micro air vehicles include: air reconnaissance, target indication and communication relay. The characteristics of the micro-aircraft are: the size of the aircraft is 6-100 centimeters, and the weight is 10-500 grams.

With the deepening of research on micro-aircraft, there is a method of installing a data recorder on a micro-aircraft to record the flight data of the aircraft. By branching the sensor data in the specific flight actions of the aircraft, the model and control law of the aircraft can be obtained.

However, the existing data recorders used in large aircraft have complex structures and many functions, so that their size and weight are relatively large. As mentioned above, due to the limitation of the size and weight of the MAV, the data recorder used for the MAV must be as small and light as possible, and the stability of the data recorder must be guaranteed.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a flight data recorder suitable for micro-aircraft.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a data recorder for a micro air vehicle, which includes a signal interface, an A/D converter, a microprocessor, a memory and a power management circuit.

The signal interface includes: a multi-channel analog signal input interface, an I ² C digital interface and a UART serial port; the multi-channel analog signal input interface is connected to an A/D converter, and the analog signal received by the multi-channel analog signal input interface is passed through The A/D converter is converted into a digital signal and then transmitted to the microprocessor; the I ² C digital interface and the UART serial port are connected to the microprocessor, and the received digital signal is transmitted to the microprocessor .

The memory is a FLASH memory, which is connected with the microprocessor through a data bus.

The power management circuit provides the required regulated power supply for the data recorder.

The A/D converter and the microprocessor are integrated together.

The power management circuit includes a power interface and a buck regulator circuit.

The signal interface, A/D converter, microprocessor, memory and power management circuit are integrated on one circuit board.

The present invention adopts a microprocessor with high integration, high speed and low power consumption and a high-speed and large-capacity FLASH memory, and uses an integrated and integrated design method to highly integrate components such as signal interface, processor, FLASH memory, and power management. On the same tiny circuit board, a miniature flight data recorder which has both analog signal input and digital signal input and is suitable for micro-aircraft is produced. The invention has the characteristics of small size, light weight, low power consumption, convenient use and flexibility.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the data recorder of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the data recorder of the present invention has multiple signal interfaces, including a multi-channel analog signal input interface 1 , an I ² C digital interface 2 and a UART serial port 3 .

The multi-channel analog signal input interface 1 can input analog signals output by sensors (not shown) such as gyroscopes, accelerometers, magnetometers, altimeters, and airspeed meters on the aircraft. Each channel of the multi-channel analog signal input interface 1 The interface has a resistance-capacitance noise-removing filter circuit.

The I ² C digital interface 2 is an I ² C two-wire digital interface (TWI), which can be connected to an I ² C host such as an autopilot (not shown in the figure) on the aircraft, so as to input digital signals output by the host. The I ² C digital interface 2 can communicate with the I ² C host at a maximum speed of 400Kbps. Its address is 55H in hexadecimal system, and the host can communicate with it through this address.

The data of the GPS receiver (not shown in the figure) on the aircraft is serially input through the UART serial port 3 . UART serial port 3 receives data from the GPS receiver. The data format conforms to the NMEA protocol. There are mainly the following formats: GPGGA, GPRMC, GPGSV, etc., and the longitude, latitude, altitude, speed, heading and other navigation information are obtained from the data packet.

The microprocessor 5 incorporates a data memory and a program memory storing programs. The A/D converter 4 collects the analog input quantity on the multi-channel analog signal input interface 1, and converts it into digital data and stores it in the internal memory of the built-in data memory of the microprocessor 5 in sequence, for further use by the microprocessor 5 . The I ² C digital interface 2 and the UART serial port 3 are connected to the microprocessor 4 and transmit the received digital signals to the data memory of the microprocessor 4 . The program embedded in the program memory of the microprocessor 5 processes all the data in its data memory and stores it in the memory 6 .

The A/D converter 4 and the microprocessor 5 are preferably integrated together, and a microprocessor with an A/D conversion function can be selected for use. In one embodiment, the microprocessor 5 is a high-speed single-instruction microprocessor with a maximum processing speed of 20 MIPS and an integrated 12-bit A/D converter 4 .

The memory 6 is a general-purpose FLASH memory with a parallel interface, and is connected with the microprocessor 5 through a parallel data bus. In one embodiment, the capacity of the FLASH memory 6 is 16Mbit, and the reading speed is 70 nanoseconds. FLASH memory is a high-density, non-volatile high-performance read-write memory, which combines all the advantages of EPROM, EEPROM, DRAM and other memories, and provides high performance and better flexibility in embedded applications , has the characteristics of low power consumption, robustness, and high reliability. It is especially suitable as a solid-state disk or an economical and reliable substitute for DRAM and battery-backed static RAM. When low power consumption, pocket size, ruggedness, and It is especially useful in portable systems that maintain high performance and full functionality.

The power management circuit 7 includes a power interface and a buck regulator circuit. Connect the battery to the power interface, at this time, the step-down regulator circuit outputs a high-quality 3.3V voltage to provide to various parts of the data logger to ensure the normal operation of the logger.

Signal interfaces 1, 2 and 3, A/D converter 4, microprocessor 5, memory 6 and power management circuit 7 are preferably integrated on one circuit board. This can effectively reduce the size and weight of the entire data logger.

The data logger of the present invention is installed on the micro-aircraft, and the sensor on the aircraft, the I ² C host and the GPS receiver are respectively connected to the multi-channel analog signal input interface 1, the I ² C digital interface 2 and the UART on the data logger. Serial port 3 connection. After power-on, the microprocessor 5 starts and resets after power-on, and starts to work, and collects the sensor output on the analog interface 1 through its internal A/D converter 4; the microprocessor 5 receives the I ² C host computer through the I ² C interface 2 Digital signal, these data can comprise gyroscope, accelerometer, magnetometer, altimeter, airspeed meter and power supply voltage data, and attitude angle, position etc.; Microprocessor 5 receives GPS receiver signal by UART serial interface 3, extracts GPS heading, position, altitude, speed and other information. The microprocessor 5 stores various data received in the FLASH memory 6 according to a certain sampling rate and sequence, and the storage format is binary numbers. When the memory 6 is full, the storage operation is stopped.

After the MAV lands on the ground, the UART serial interface 3 of the data recorder is connected to the PC on the ground after level conversion, and the microprocessor 5 receives the command from the PC, and then performs corresponding operations. These operations include : Read a certain length of data, erase a certain length of data, erase the entire memory, etc. These commands are sent via software on the PC.

Claims (4)

1. A data recorder for micro-aircraft, comprising a signal interface, an A/D converter, a microprocessor, a memory and a power management circuit; The signal interface includes: a multi-channel analog signal input interface, an I ² C digital interface and a UART serial port; the multi-channel analog signal input interface is connected to an A/D converter, and the analog signal received by the multi-channel analog signal input interface is passed through The A/D converter is converted into a digital signal and then transmitted to the microprocessor; the I ² C digital interface and the UART serial port are connected to the microprocessor, and the received digital signal is transmitted to the microprocessor ; The memory is a FLASH memory, connected to the microprocessor through a parallel data bus; The power management circuit provides the required regulated power supply for the data recorder. 2. The data recorder for a micro air vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the A/D converter and the microprocessor are integrated together. 3. The data recorder for a micro air vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the power management circuit comprises a power interface and a buck regulator circuit. 4. The data recorder for micro air vehicle according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the signal interface, A/D converter, microprocessor, memory and power management circuit are integrated into one circuit board.

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